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Fish Pond Construction: My Experiences
The document details the experiences and guidelines for constructing fish ponds, emphasizing site selection, soil types, and pond preparation techniques. It presents economic considerations for both fish farming and seed rearing, including cost breakdowns, expected production, and profit margins. Additionally, it highlights challenges, risks, and protective measures to enhance the success of fish farming operations.
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Fish Pond Construction: My Experiences
- 1. KVAFSU Fish Pond Construction -MyExperiences Dr Shivakaumar Magada Professor and Head Fisheries Research and Information Centre Hebbal, Bangalore, India shivakumarmagada@gmail.com +91-99457 83906
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- 4. KVAFSU Pond construction § Soiltypes § Site selection § Pond constructions § Bund strengthening § Sedimentation tank § ETT (if necessary) § Lining if required § Economics
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- 6. KVAFSU Top Fertile clayeysoil Middle Sandy loam. Bottom Deposition of Na+ salts Soil Profile..
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- 18. KVAFSU Site selection • Goodwater source/ ¤Ãj£À ¸Ë®¨sÀå • Water retention/ ¤ÃgÀÄ ¤®ÄèªÀ ¸ÁªÀÄxÀðå • Road and electricity/ gÀ¸ÉÛ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ «zÀÄå±ÀÑQÛ • Soil and water quality/ ªÀÄtÄÚ ªÀÄvÀÄÛ ¤Ãj£À UÀÄtzÀªÀÄð
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- 22. KVAFSU Pond Morphology • Preferablyrectangle • Pond slope should be gradual • Have a survival pit at the draining point • The surface area of grow out ponds should ideally range from one to five acres.
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- 25. KVAFSU Desert Springs Tilapia,Hyder AZ
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- 32. KVAFSU Plastic lining tanks §For fish seed rearing/«ÄãÀĪÀÄj ¥Á®£É § Stunted fingerlings/PÀÄAnvÀ «ÄãÀĪÀÄj ¥Á®£É § Ornamental fish rearing/C®APÁjPÀ «ÄãÀÄ GvÁàzÀ£É § Azolla culture/CeóÉÆïÁ GvÁàzÀ£É
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- 35. KVAFSU Bund strengthening usingsand bags
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- 39. KVAFSU Burn for deeperand loose soils
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- 60. KVAFSU Pond preparation • Compaction •Turfing/stone pitching • Liming…/¸ÀÄtÚ ºÁPÀĪÀÅzÀÄ • Tilling/G¼ÀĪÉÄ ªÀiÁqÀĪÀÅzÀÄ • Water filling/¤ÃgÀÄ vÀÄA§ÄªÀÅzÀÄ • Check for water loss (seepage and evaporation)
- 61. KVAFSU Uses of lime.. •Acts as buffer • Supplies calcium • Disinfectant • Clears water • Accelerate decomposition
- 62. KVAFSU Ideal water quality •pH 7.2-8.5 • Salinity 27-32 ppt • DO > 5 mg/l • H2S 0.1-0.2 • Temp. 25-30 degree celcius
- 63. KVAFSU Secchi Disc-A wondertool • Transparency should be around 20-30 cm
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- 65. KVAFSU IT basedfarm management
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- 67. KVAFSU How we producethe fish?
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- 70. KVAFSU Economics ofIMC farming Particulars Qty. required for 1 ha Unit cost (Rs.) Total Cost (Rs.) Fixed cost Pond construction 10000 m2 12/m2 80,000-1,20,000 Pipelines and sluice gates 2/m2 20,000 Total 1,40,000 Operational Cost Deweeding, bund compaction 25 man days 200/person 5,000 Lime 200 kg/ha 5/kg 1,000 Fish seed (Catla+rohu+CC and GC in 4:2:2:1 ratio) Stocking @ 1/m2 = 50 lakh 0.5/seed 5,000 Feed (Rice bran and ground nut cake in 1:1 ratio) 1000 kg Ground Nut Cake & 1000 kg Rice Bran 42/kg GNC & 20/kg for RB 62,000 Commercial feed with 24/4 2000 kg 25/kg 50,000* Raw cow dung 8 t/ha in 16 split doses 1/kg 8,000 Harvesting expanses 12 man days 250/person 3,000 Transportation of inputs 5,000 Feeding, Watch and ward, Miscellaneous 25,000 Total 1,02,000 Production by culture system Production kg/ha Unit cost (Rs.) Gross Revenue (Rs.) Commercial feed based 3500 60 2,10,000 Conventional feed based 2500 60 1,50,000 Extensive method (no feed, watch and ward) Exp.=47,000 1200 60 72,000 Profit by culture system Net Returns (Rs.) BC Ratio RoI Commercial feed based 1,08,000 1.05 I year 0.86 II year 2.05 Conventional feed based 48,000 0.47 I year 0.61 II year 1.47 Extensive method 25,000 0.53 I year 0.29 II year 1.53
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- 73. KVAFSU Economics offish seed rearing Particulars Qty. required for 1 ha Unit cost (Rs.) Total Cost (Rs.) Fixed cost Pond construction 10000 m2 12/m2 80,000-1,20,000 Pipelines and sluice gates 2/m2 20,000 Total 1,40,000 Operational Cost Deweeding, bund compaction 25 man days 200/person 5,000 Lime 200 kg/ha 5/kg 1,000 Fish spawn (Catla/rohu/CC/grass carp Stocking @ 500/m2 = 50 lakh 1000/lakh 50,000 Feed (RB and GNC in 1:1 ratio) 1875 kg Ground Nut Cake & 1500 kg Rice Bran 42/kg GNC & 20/kg for RB 1,08,750 Labour for feeding other maintenance 50 man days 150/day 7500 Raw cow dung 4 t/ha in 4 split doses 1/kg 4,000 Harvesting expanses 12 man days 250/person 3,000 Transportation of inputs 15,000 Watch and ward, Miscellaneous 10,000 Total 2,04,250 Production/ha (In 50 days) Production Unit cost (Rs.) Gross Revenue (Rs.) Catla @ 30% survival 15,00,000 0.35 5,25,000 Rohu @ 40% survival 20,00,000 0.40 8,00,000 Common Carp @ 50% survival 25,00,000 0.25 6,25,000 Grass carp @ 30% survival 15,00,000 0.60 9,00,000 Profit by Species Net Returns (Rs.) BC Ratio Return on Investment Catla 3,20,750 1.59 1.52 Rohu 5,95,750 2.91 2.32 Common Carp 4,20,750 2.05 1.81 Grass Carp 6,95,750 3.40 2.61
- 74. KVAFSU Jumbo hapasfor seed rearing § 30-40/m2; preferably single spp. § 40-50 day rearing § GNC and RB (0.5-0.75 kg/lakh) § Net cleaning
- 75. KVAFSU Seed selling byweight basis
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- 77. KVAFSU Risk factors §Pond construction without soil test § Shallowness § improper drainage § Filling without drying § Thin bunds § No compaction bunds § Other mismanagement
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- 83. KVAFSU Protective factors § Ponddrying § Liming § Good water source § Right stocking § Planning of activities § Record keeping § Understanding economics
- 84. KVAFSU Protective factors • Stockinggood sized fingerlings • Low stocking • Culture during summer • Use of warm water • Use of aerators • Proper drying of pond bottom • Good buffer zone • Disinfection practice
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- 87. KVAFSU Vision Values StrategyResource Capability Motivation Feed Back = Change = = = = = = = Confusion Corruption Diffusion Frustration Fatigue Crawl Doubt Managing Change....
- 88. KVAFSU You can seethe past…
- 89. KVAFSU Normal is boring..dosomething different
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