The document provides information on various firefighting equipment and their uses. It describes nozzles and their components for directing water streams to extinguish fires. It also outlines personal protective equipment (PPE) worn by firefighters like helmets, protective hoods, coats, trousers, boots, and self-contained breathing apparatuses. Various firefighting vehicles are discussed like pumper trucks, water tankers, rescue trucks, aerial ladder trucks, and their purposes. Hand tools used in firefighting are also summarized, including crowbars, pike poles, axes, spanners, and bolt cutters.

2. NOZZLE - a device that directs water from
the hose to the fire. It forms the water into a
fire stream and controls the streams so that
fire is extinguished in the most efficient
manner.

3. TWO PARTS OF NOZZLE:
•Shut off valve – control the amount of
water that flows through the tip
•Tip – the component that forms the
streams

4. Mystery - opening in
straight stream and
producing a flow from
straight stream to wide
fog.

5. Straight - provide a sharp
and concentrated high
pressure spray. These
nozzles offer a stronger
impact force than other types
at the same operating
pressures and flow rates.
Solid stream nozzles are
designed for applications
requiring medium or high
liquid pressures.

6. A pistol / gun type
nozzle includes a handle and
a spray nozzle head fastened
adjustably to a top end of the
handle. The top end of the
hand is provided with a first
fastening seat, whereas the
spray nozzle head is provided
at an inner end with a second
fastening seat.

7. FIRE HOSE COUPLINGS - are
made of durable materials and
designed so that it is possible to
couple and uncouple them with
the little effort in a short time

8. TYPES OF HOSE COUPLINGS
Male – cut on the exterior surface
Female – cut on the interior surface

9. A. HELMETS
B. PROTECTIVE HOODS
C. PROTECTIVE COAT AND
TROUSERS
D. FIRE BOOTS
E. SELF CONTAIN
BREATHING
APPARATUS (SCBA)

10. Newer helmet safety features include
impact resistance, thermal insulation,
earflaps for layered interface with hood,
coats and SCBA face pieces, chin straps
and clear or tinted shields and eye
protection accessories.

11. Protective Hood - is an important interface
that creates an encapsulating link to the
firefighter’s helmet, coat and SCBA face
pieces. It is made of fire-resistive, form
fitting cloth that protects the face, ears,
hair and neck in area not covered by the
helmet, earflaps and coat collar.

12. The heart of the structural PPE. Both components
rely on a layered protection system that includes a
fire resistive outer shell, vapor barrier and thermal
barrier. The three layers help the coat and pant meet
thermal protective criteria – insulation that
minimized the chance that the wearer will be burned.
This is called the thermal protective performance
(TPP).
The coat and trousers combination has reflective trim
to increase the visibility of the wearer to the others.

13. FIRE BOOTS - The fire boot
originally started out as a knee-
high leather boot. In the 1930s,
the fire boot transformed into a
¾-foot high boot modeled after a
fishing wader boot. From
stepping on nails and broken
glass to falling structural debris,
boots had to improve
as firefighters learned to advance
deeper into the structure.

14.  Flashlight

15. Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) – is a
respiratory device that contains and
delivers breathable compressed air.
It is typically used by the firefighters
and rescue workers while operating
in areas of immediate danger to life
and health, such as inside a building
inferno or in a mine filled with
smoke or toxic gas. A self-contained
breathing apparatus may also be
called a compressed air breathing
apparatus (CABA).

16. PASS - An alarm device that
signals that a firefighter is in
trouble. It can be activated
manually by the firefighter, or
activates automatically if the
firefighter stops moving. May
be integral to SCBA or
separately activated. Also
known as a PASS device
(Personal Alert Safety System).

17. COMMAND SERVICE VEHICLE
refers to the vehicle where the fire chief usually rode
and use as command post during the fire fighting
operation. Equipped with radio and other command
equipment.

18. PUMPER TRUCK/ FIRE ENGINE - a kind of fire fighting apparatus designed
to use diverse water supply sources as hydrants usually equipped with a water
tank and centrifugal pump. They are effective even at fire where water supply is
limited or non existent.

19. WATER TANK - this apparatus enables to secure water scarce areas for speedy
fire fighting operations. Usually equipped with 10,000 to 25, 000 liters capacity of
tanks

20. RESCUE AND UTILITY TRUCK- usually equipped with a winch, loaded with
rescue equipment. This apparatus can perform rescue operations in case of fire,
earthquake and other disasters.

21. AERIAL LADDER - this fire fighting apparatus is designed mainly for fighting high
rise fires and can be used to rescue trapped people as well as to shoot water at high
locations. Equipped with a lift and a basket. The rising angle cover from 10-25˚

22. Mini Pumper FireTruck

23. PORTABLE PUMPS – usually used during firefighting operations and equipped with
fire hoses. This is used if fighting in forest inaccessible by vehicle or areas with narrow
roads

24. STRAIGHT LADDER - non adjustable in length and consist
only of one section. Sometimes it is called “wall ladder” and is
used for quick access to windows and roofs of one and two
storey building (12’, 14’, 16’, 18’)

25. EXTENSION LADDER – is adjustable in
length. It consist of two or more sections
which travel in guides or brackets to permit
length adjustments

26. Crowbar -it is used as
a lever either to force apart
two objects or to remove
nails. Crowbars are
commonly used to open
nailed wooden crates.
Common uses for larger
crowbars are: removing nails,
prying apart boards, and
generally breaking things.

27. Pike poles - are fire fighting tools
designed to search for unseen fires
lurking behind the sheetrock in
walls and ceilings. These are also
useful for providing ventilation by
breaking windows and pulling
items away from areas of intense
heat with their hooked ends. Pike
Poles are usually composed of
fiberglass or metal poles ranging
between 4 and 12 feet in length,
with a metal hook on one end.
They are also known as "ceiling
hooks".

28. An axe that has a long
handle and a head with one
cutting edge and a point on
the other side.

29. SPANNER – is used for
tightening fire hoses
coupling, adjusting water
flow on fire hydrants, and
removing caps and other
uses.

30. Bolt Cutter - sometimes called
bolt cropper, is a tool used for
cutting bolts, chains, padlocks,
rebar and wire mesh. It
typically has long handles and
short blades, with compound
hinges to maximize leverage
and cutting force.

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