Understanding financial statements - ITT Project Lekshmi Pillai
Here the speaker describes the roots of financial statements, how to interpret the financial statements and the different types along with practical examples.
Understanding financial statements - ITT Project Lekshmi Pillai
Here the speaker describes the roots of financial statements, how to interpret the financial statements and the different types along with practical examples.
A process that allows multiple private and public organizations to lower their debt and improve their financial deficit by the means of asset transfer, equity exchange or increased payment time is known as debt restructuring. The following presentation provides an overview of the entire process of debt restructuring and how an organization can use it as tool to lower the debt. Initially this presentation provides an overview of the organization, its services and financial performance. These financial parameters can be revenues, gross profit, net profit and earning per share. Once the overview is provided the following the organization then needs to perform an in depth analysis of its current financial performance Multiple key aspect of the performance are covered such as the Income Statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement and other key ratios are captured. These ratios can be Price to Earning Ratio, Stock Turnover Ratio, Account Receivable Ratio, Creditor Turnover Ratio, Return on Equity and Account Payable Ratio. Once the financial performance is analyzed multiple options that can help the organization to recover from their debts are considered. These methods can be Merger and Acquisition, Debt Restructuring, Financial Restructuring and Bankruptcy. After Identifying multiple methods, a comparative analysis of these options is performed. After careful analysis debt restructuring is chosen to be the best option for the organization. After choosing debt restructuring as an option the organization initially studies the entire process of the same. The organization first goes through stabilization phase in which various pain points of the organization are identified and existing debt are reviewed. After that in preparation stage multiple regulatory requirements are identified and communication method for shareholder are considered. In the final stage Implementation, the actual process of debt restructuring begins as three major ways of debt restructuring transfer of Asset, Exchange of equity and Increase in payment time are studied. In the end multiple risk associated to debt restructuring are evaluated and mitigation strategies for the same are considered. The impact of debt restructuring is also evaluated and multiple KPIs Key performance indicators are decided to study the overall effect of debt restructuring. https://bit.ly/2NBhd1T
Chapter 2Problems Set BP2-1B Suppose the following items are .docxwalterl4
Chapter 2
Problems: Set B
P2-1B Suppose the following items are taken from the 2014 balance sheet of Starbucks Corporation. (All dollars are in millions.)
Goodwill
$ 477
Common stock
40
Equipment
3,036
Accounts payable
391
Stock investments (long-term)
280
Accounts receivable
288
Prepaid rent
278
Debt investments (current)
157
Retained earnings
2,244
Cash
281
Notes payable (noncurrent)
550
Notes payable (current)
1,468
Unearned sales revenue (current)
297
Bonds payable
354
Inventory
692
Accumulated depreciation—equipment
145
Instructions
Prepare a classified balance sheet for Starbucks Corporation as of September 30, 2014.
P2-2B These items are taken from the financial statements of Mueller, Inc.
Prepaid insurance
$ 2,400
Equipment
30,000
Salaries and wages expense
34,000
Utilities expense
2,100
Accumulated depreciation—equipment
7,600
Accounts payable
7,200
Cash
6,100
Accounts receivable
2,900
Salaries and wages payable
3,000
Common stock
6,000
Depreciation expense
4,300
Retained earnings (beginning)
14,000
Dividends
2,600
Service revenue
51,000
Maintenance and repairs expense
2,600
Insurance expense
1,800
Instructions
Prepare an income statement, a retained earnings statement, and a classified balance sheet as of December 31, 2014.
P2-3B You are provided with the following information for Vern Corporation, effective as of its April 30, 2014, year-end.
Accounts payable
$ 3,100
Accounts receivable
10,150
Accumulated depreciation—equipment
6,600
Depreciation expense
3,200
Cash
20,955
Common stock
20,000
Dividends
2,800
Equipment
24,250
Sales revenue
20,450
Income tax expense
700
Income taxes payable
300
Interest expense
350
Interest payable
175
Notes payable (due in 2018)
4,700
Prepaid rent
380
Rent expense
660
Retained earnings, beginning
13,960
Salaries and wages expense
5,840
Instructions
(a)
Prepare an income statement and a retained earnings statement for Vern Corporation for the year ended April 30, 2014.
(b)
Prepare a classified balance sheet for Vern as of April 30, 2014.
P2-4B Comparative statement data for Omaz Company and Wise Company, two competitors, are presented below. All balance sheet data are as of December 31, 2014.
Omaz Company
Wise Company
2014
2014
Net sales
$450,000
$900,000
Cost of goods sold
225,000
450,000
Operating expenses
130,000
150,000
Interest expense
6,000
10,000
Income tax expense
15,000
75,000
Current assets
180,000
700,000
Plant assets (net)
600,000
800,000
Current liabilities
75,000
230,000
Long-term liabilities
190,000
200,000
Net cash provided by operating activities
46,000
180,000
Capital expenditures
20,000
50,000
Dividends paid
-0-
5,000
Average number of shares outstanding
200,000
500,000
Instructions
(a)
Compute the net income and earnings per share for each company for 2014.
(b)
Comment on the relative liquidity of the companies by computing working capital and the current ratio for each company for 2014.
(c)
Comment on the relative solvency of the.
ACC205 Discussion QuestionsAccounting Equation As you hav.docxannetnash8266
ACC205 Discussion Questions:
Accounting Equation
As you have learned in this week’s readings the Accounting Equation is Assets = Liabilities + Owners’ Equity. Is the accounting equation true in all instances? Provide sample transactions from your own experiences to demonstrate the validity of the Accounting Equation.
Accounts
What does the term account mean? What are the different classifications of accounts? How do the rules for debits and credits impact accounts? Please provide an example of how debits and credits impact accounts.
Accounting Cycle
Financial statements are a product of the accounting cycle. Think about two different companies: a manufacturing company, and a retail company. Why would different companies have different accounting cycles? Would you expect the steps of the accounting cycle to be the same for each company? Why or why not?
Bank Reconciliation
What is the purpose of a bank reconciliation? What are the reasons for differences between the cash reported in the accounting records and the cash balance in the bank statements?
LIFO vs. FIFO
The controller of Sagehen Enterprises believes that the company should switch from the LIFO method to the FIFO method. The controller’s bonus is based on the next income. It is the controller’s belief that the switch in inventory methods would increase the net income of the company. What are the differences between the LIFO and FIFO methods?
Depreciation
A variety of depreciation methods are used to allocate the cost of an asset to all of the accounting periods benefited by the use of the asset. Your client has just purchased a piece of equipment for $100,000. Explain the concept of depreciation. Which of the following depreciation methods would you recommend: straight-line depreciation, double declining balance method, or an alternative method?
Ratios
Ratios provide the users of financial statements with a great deal of information about the entity. Do ratios tell the whole story? How could liquidity ratios be used by investors to determine whether or not to invest in a company?
Profit Margin
Year Ending December 2012
Year Ending December 2011
Year Ending December 2010
Revenues
40,000
35,000
33,000
Operating Expenses
Salaries
15,000
10,000
9,000
Maintenance and Repairs
6,000
9,000
10,000
Rental Expense
2,500
2,500
2,500
Depreciation
2,000
2,000
2,000
Fuel
4,000
3,500
2,500
Total Operating Expenses
29,500
27,000
26,000
Operating Income
10,500
8,000
7,000
Sales and Administrative Expenses
6,000
4,000
3,000
Interest Expense
2,500
2,000
1,000
Net Income
2,000
2,000
3,000
Above is a comparative income statement for Cecil, Inc. for the years 2010, 2011, and 2012. Calculate the profit margin for each of these years. Comment on the profit margin trend.
BWeek Five Exercise Assignment
Financial Ratios
1. Liquidity ratios. Edison, Stagg, and Thornton have the following financial information at the close of business on July 10:
Edi.
Strategies To Overcome Bankruptcy PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
Strategies To Overcome Bankruptcy PowerPoint Presentation Slides is a virtual solution for astute business professionals. Our well-structured PowerPoint theme is suitable to showcase strategies to avoid bankruptcy. Elaborate on the influence of bankruptcy on an organization and illustrate ways to settle outstanding debts. Elucidate the financial health from the last 3 years, current risk areas, and unsettled liabilities to represent the present scenario. Utilize our issues of bankruptcy PPT template deck to present a detailed financial investigation. Portray key financial ratios, income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement. Our challenges of insolvency PowerPoint presentation help you in consolidating the impact, and future forecast after implementing strategies on the organization. Employ tabular format to compile methods of communicating with the stakeholders. Describe bankruptcy risk identification and mitigation strategies through this PPT slideshow. Address the bankruptcy process including the filing procedures and consequences. So, hit the button and begin instant personalization. Our Strategies To Overcome Bankruptcy PowerPoint Presentation Slides are explicit and effective. They combine clarity and concise expression. https://bit.ly/386saCu
Due Tues., May 2- 7 questions Big Time Picture Frames h.docxsagarlesley
Due Tues., May 2- 7 questions
Big Time Picture Frames has asked you to determine whether the company's ability to pay current
liabilities and total liabilities improved or deteriorated during 2009. To answer this question, you gather the
following data:
______________________________________________2009__________2008
Cash $52, 000 51, 000
Short-term investments 30,000 --
Net receivables 110,000 120, 000
Inventory 217,000 262,000
Total assets 540,000 490,000
Total current liabilities 265,000 202,000
Long-term note payable 44,000 54,000
Income from operations 165,000 153,000
Interest expense 44,000 37,000
Requirement
1. Compute the following ratios for 2009 and 2008:
a. Current ratio
b. Acid-test ratio
c. Debt ratio
d. Times-interest-earned ratio
a. Calculate the current ratio for both years. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
2009: nothing
2008: nothing
The Variline Inc., comparative income statement follows. 2010 data are given as needed.
Variline, Inc.
Comparative Income Statement
Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(Dollars in thousands) 2012 2011 2010
Net sales $176,000 $160,000
Cost of goods sold 93,600 86,000
Selling and general expenses 46,800 41,400
Interest expense 9,600 10,900
Income tax expense 10,200 9,200
Net income $15,800 $12,500
Additional data:
Total assets $201,000 $192,000 $174,000
Common stockholders' equity $96,900 $89,800 $79,500
Preferred dividends $3,400 $3,400 $0
Common shares outstanding during the
year 20,000 20,000 18,000
Requirements
1. Calculate the rate of return on net sales.
2. Calculate the rate of return on total assets.
3. Calculate the rate of return on common stockholders' equity.
4. Calculate the EPS.
5. Did the company's operating performance improve or deteriorate during 2012?
Requirement 1. Calculate the rates of return on net sales for 2012 and 2011. (Round your answers to
three decimal places.)
2012:
nothing
2011: nothing
The Specialty Department Stores, Inc., chief executive officer (CEO) has asked you to compare the
company's profit performance and financial position with the average for the industry. The CEO has
given you the company's income statement and balance sheet, as well as the industry average data for
retailers.
Specialty Department Stores, Inc.
Income Statement Compared with Industry Average
Year Ended December 31, 2010
Industry
Specialty Average
Net sales $782,000 100.0 %
Cost of goods sold 526,286 65.8
Gross profit 255,714 34.2
Operating expenses 164,220 19.7
Operating income 91,494 14.5
Other expenses 6,256 0.4
Net income $85,238 14.1 %
Specialty Department Stores, Inc.
Balance Sheet Compared with Industry Average
December 31, 2010
...
A process that allows multiple private and public organizations to lower their debt and improve their financial deficit by the means of asset transfer, equity exchange or increased payment time is known as debt restructuring. The following presentation provides an overview of the entire process of debt restructuring and how an organization can use it as tool to lower the debt. Initially this presentation provides an overview of the organization, its services and financial performance. These financial parameters can be revenues, gross profit, net profit and earning per share. Once the overview is provided the following the organization then needs to perform an in depth analysis of its current financial performance Multiple key aspect of the performance are covered such as the Income Statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement and other key ratios are captured. These ratios can be Price to Earning Ratio, Stock Turnover Ratio, Account Receivable Ratio, Creditor Turnover Ratio, Return on Equity and Account Payable Ratio. Once the financial performance is analyzed multiple options that can help the organization to recover from their debts are considered. These methods can be Merger and Acquisition, Debt Restructuring, Financial Restructuring and Bankruptcy. After Identifying multiple methods, a comparative analysis of these options is performed. After careful analysis debt restructuring is chosen to be the best option for the organization. After choosing debt restructuring as an option the organization initially studies the entire process of the same. The organization first goes through stabilization phase in which various pain points of the organization are identified and existing debt are reviewed. After that in preparation stage multiple regulatory requirements are identified and communication method for shareholder are considered. In the final stage Implementation, the actual process of debt restructuring begins as three major ways of debt restructuring transfer of Asset, Exchange of equity and Increase in payment time are studied. In the end multiple risk associated to debt restructuring are evaluated and mitigation strategies for the same are considered. The impact of debt restructuring is also evaluated and multiple KPIs Key performance indicators are decided to study the overall effect of debt restructuring. https://bit.ly/2NBhd1T
Chapter 2Problems Set BP2-1B Suppose the following items are .docxwalterl4
Chapter 2
Problems: Set B
P2-1B Suppose the following items are taken from the 2014 balance sheet of Starbucks Corporation. (All dollars are in millions.)
Goodwill
$ 477
Common stock
40
Equipment
3,036
Accounts payable
391
Stock investments (long-term)
280
Accounts receivable
288
Prepaid rent
278
Debt investments (current)
157
Retained earnings
2,244
Cash
281
Notes payable (noncurrent)
550
Notes payable (current)
1,468
Unearned sales revenue (current)
297
Bonds payable
354
Inventory
692
Accumulated depreciation—equipment
145
Instructions
Prepare a classified balance sheet for Starbucks Corporation as of September 30, 2014.
P2-2B These items are taken from the financial statements of Mueller, Inc.
Prepaid insurance
$ 2,400
Equipment
30,000
Salaries and wages expense
34,000
Utilities expense
2,100
Accumulated depreciation—equipment
7,600
Accounts payable
7,200
Cash
6,100
Accounts receivable
2,900
Salaries and wages payable
3,000
Common stock
6,000
Depreciation expense
4,300
Retained earnings (beginning)
14,000
Dividends
2,600
Service revenue
51,000
Maintenance and repairs expense
2,600
Insurance expense
1,800
Instructions
Prepare an income statement, a retained earnings statement, and a classified balance sheet as of December 31, 2014.
P2-3B You are provided with the following information for Vern Corporation, effective as of its April 30, 2014, year-end.
Accounts payable
$ 3,100
Accounts receivable
10,150
Accumulated depreciation—equipment
6,600
Depreciation expense
3,200
Cash
20,955
Common stock
20,000
Dividends
2,800
Equipment
24,250
Sales revenue
20,450
Income tax expense
700
Income taxes payable
300
Interest expense
350
Interest payable
175
Notes payable (due in 2018)
4,700
Prepaid rent
380
Rent expense
660
Retained earnings, beginning
13,960
Salaries and wages expense
5,840
Instructions
(a)
Prepare an income statement and a retained earnings statement for Vern Corporation for the year ended April 30, 2014.
(b)
Prepare a classified balance sheet for Vern as of April 30, 2014.
P2-4B Comparative statement data for Omaz Company and Wise Company, two competitors, are presented below. All balance sheet data are as of December 31, 2014.
Omaz Company
Wise Company
2014
2014
Net sales
$450,000
$900,000
Cost of goods sold
225,000
450,000
Operating expenses
130,000
150,000
Interest expense
6,000
10,000
Income tax expense
15,000
75,000
Current assets
180,000
700,000
Plant assets (net)
600,000
800,000
Current liabilities
75,000
230,000
Long-term liabilities
190,000
200,000
Net cash provided by operating activities
46,000
180,000
Capital expenditures
20,000
50,000
Dividends paid
-0-
5,000
Average number of shares outstanding
200,000
500,000
Instructions
(a)
Compute the net income and earnings per share for each company for 2014.
(b)
Comment on the relative liquidity of the companies by computing working capital and the current ratio for each company for 2014.
(c)
Comment on the relative solvency of the.
ACC205 Discussion QuestionsAccounting Equation As you hav.docxannetnash8266
ACC205 Discussion Questions:
Accounting Equation
As you have learned in this week’s readings the Accounting Equation is Assets = Liabilities + Owners’ Equity. Is the accounting equation true in all instances? Provide sample transactions from your own experiences to demonstrate the validity of the Accounting Equation.
Accounts
What does the term account mean? What are the different classifications of accounts? How do the rules for debits and credits impact accounts? Please provide an example of how debits and credits impact accounts.
Accounting Cycle
Financial statements are a product of the accounting cycle. Think about two different companies: a manufacturing company, and a retail company. Why would different companies have different accounting cycles? Would you expect the steps of the accounting cycle to be the same for each company? Why or why not?
Bank Reconciliation
What is the purpose of a bank reconciliation? What are the reasons for differences between the cash reported in the accounting records and the cash balance in the bank statements?
LIFO vs. FIFO
The controller of Sagehen Enterprises believes that the company should switch from the LIFO method to the FIFO method. The controller’s bonus is based on the next income. It is the controller’s belief that the switch in inventory methods would increase the net income of the company. What are the differences between the LIFO and FIFO methods?
Depreciation
A variety of depreciation methods are used to allocate the cost of an asset to all of the accounting periods benefited by the use of the asset. Your client has just purchased a piece of equipment for $100,000. Explain the concept of depreciation. Which of the following depreciation methods would you recommend: straight-line depreciation, double declining balance method, or an alternative method?
Ratios
Ratios provide the users of financial statements with a great deal of information about the entity. Do ratios tell the whole story? How could liquidity ratios be used by investors to determine whether or not to invest in a company?
Profit Margin
Year Ending December 2012
Year Ending December 2011
Year Ending December 2010
Revenues
40,000
35,000
33,000
Operating Expenses
Salaries
15,000
10,000
9,000
Maintenance and Repairs
6,000
9,000
10,000
Rental Expense
2,500
2,500
2,500
Depreciation
2,000
2,000
2,000
Fuel
4,000
3,500
2,500
Total Operating Expenses
29,500
27,000
26,000
Operating Income
10,500
8,000
7,000
Sales and Administrative Expenses
6,000
4,000
3,000
Interest Expense
2,500
2,000
1,000
Net Income
2,000
2,000
3,000
Above is a comparative income statement for Cecil, Inc. for the years 2010, 2011, and 2012. Calculate the profit margin for each of these years. Comment on the profit margin trend.
BWeek Five Exercise Assignment
Financial Ratios
1. Liquidity ratios. Edison, Stagg, and Thornton have the following financial information at the close of business on July 10:
Edi.
Strategies To Overcome Bankruptcy PowerPoint Presentation SlidesSlideTeam
Strategies To Overcome Bankruptcy PowerPoint Presentation Slides is a virtual solution for astute business professionals. Our well-structured PowerPoint theme is suitable to showcase strategies to avoid bankruptcy. Elaborate on the influence of bankruptcy on an organization and illustrate ways to settle outstanding debts. Elucidate the financial health from the last 3 years, current risk areas, and unsettled liabilities to represent the present scenario. Utilize our issues of bankruptcy PPT template deck to present a detailed financial investigation. Portray key financial ratios, income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement. Our challenges of insolvency PowerPoint presentation help you in consolidating the impact, and future forecast after implementing strategies on the organization. Employ tabular format to compile methods of communicating with the stakeholders. Describe bankruptcy risk identification and mitigation strategies through this PPT slideshow. Address the bankruptcy process including the filing procedures and consequences. So, hit the button and begin instant personalization. Our Strategies To Overcome Bankruptcy PowerPoint Presentation Slides are explicit and effective. They combine clarity and concise expression. https://bit.ly/386saCu
Due Tues., May 2- 7 questions Big Time Picture Frames h.docxsagarlesley
Due Tues., May 2- 7 questions
Big Time Picture Frames has asked you to determine whether the company's ability to pay current
liabilities and total liabilities improved or deteriorated during 2009. To answer this question, you gather the
following data:
______________________________________________2009__________2008
Cash $52, 000 51, 000
Short-term investments 30,000 --
Net receivables 110,000 120, 000
Inventory 217,000 262,000
Total assets 540,000 490,000
Total current liabilities 265,000 202,000
Long-term note payable 44,000 54,000
Income from operations 165,000 153,000
Interest expense 44,000 37,000
Requirement
1. Compute the following ratios for 2009 and 2008:
a. Current ratio
b. Acid-test ratio
c. Debt ratio
d. Times-interest-earned ratio
a. Calculate the current ratio for both years. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
2009: nothing
2008: nothing
The Variline Inc., comparative income statement follows. 2010 data are given as needed.
Variline, Inc.
Comparative Income Statement
Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
(Dollars in thousands) 2012 2011 2010
Net sales $176,000 $160,000
Cost of goods sold 93,600 86,000
Selling and general expenses 46,800 41,400
Interest expense 9,600 10,900
Income tax expense 10,200 9,200
Net income $15,800 $12,500
Additional data:
Total assets $201,000 $192,000 $174,000
Common stockholders' equity $96,900 $89,800 $79,500
Preferred dividends $3,400 $3,400 $0
Common shares outstanding during the
year 20,000 20,000 18,000
Requirements
1. Calculate the rate of return on net sales.
2. Calculate the rate of return on total assets.
3. Calculate the rate of return on common stockholders' equity.
4. Calculate the EPS.
5. Did the company's operating performance improve or deteriorate during 2012?
Requirement 1. Calculate the rates of return on net sales for 2012 and 2011. (Round your answers to
three decimal places.)
2012:
nothing
2011: nothing
The Specialty Department Stores, Inc., chief executive officer (CEO) has asked you to compare the
company's profit performance and financial position with the average for the industry. The CEO has
given you the company's income statement and balance sheet, as well as the industry average data for
retailers.
Specialty Department Stores, Inc.
Income Statement Compared with Industry Average
Year Ended December 31, 2010
Industry
Specialty Average
Net sales $782,000 100.0 %
Cost of goods sold 526,286 65.8
Gross profit 255,714 34.2
Operating expenses 164,220 19.7
Operating income 91,494 14.5
Other expenses 6,256 0.4
Net income $85,238 14.1 %
Specialty Department Stores, Inc.
Balance Sheet Compared with Industry Average
December 31, 2010
...
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This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
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1. Finance and Accounting
Lecture 2
Fall, 2010
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 1
Corporate Finance
Ronald F. Singer
FINA 4330
2. Financial Statements
• Generally Finance Professionals get their
information from Financial Statements
prepared by accountants.
• In general, Financial Statements are used to
determine how the firm “is doing,” in
particular, how it has done over some period
of time.
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 2
3. Financial Statements
• Although we are also interested in the financial
health of companies; generally, financial statements
have to be modified in order to focus on our
objective.
• In general, the “focus of our objective” is cash flow
• Most corporations prepare three basic financial
statements:
Income Statement
Balance Sheet
Cash Flow Statements
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 3
4. Focus of Finance
• Cash Flow!!!
• What is Cash Flow?
• It is the amount of cash generated and
available to security holders.
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 4
5. Financial Statements
• Income Statement:
– A Listing of Revenue, Expenses, and Profits over a
period of time
• Balance sheet
– A listing of Assets, Liabilities, and Net Worth at a
single point in time. Generally in terms of Book
Value.
• Cash Flow Statement
– The Flow of Cash over a period of time
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 5
6. Macintosh Enterprises
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2008
(BV $ thousands)
Assets Liabilities and Stockholders Equity
Current Assets Current Liabilities
Cash 1,000 Accounts payable 500
Accounts Receivable 1,000 Notes payable 75
Inventory 450 Accrued expenses 75
Other 50 Total Current Liabilities 650
Total Current Assets $2,500 Long term Liabilities
Fixed Assets Deferred Taxes 1,000
Property, Plant & equip. 4,600 Long term debt 2,000
Less Accumulated Dep. 600 Total long term liability 3,000
Net PP&E 4,000
Intangible & Other assets 1,000 Stockholders’ Equity ???
Total Assets $7,500 Total Liabilities and
Stockholders’ Equity ???
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 6
7. Macintosh Enterprises
Balance Sheet
December 31, 2009
(BV $ thousands)
Assets Liabilities and Stockholders Equity
Current Assets Current Liabilities
Cash 800 Accounts payable 650
Accounts Receivable 1,200 Notes payable 25
Inventory 550 Accrued expenses 75
Other 150 Total Current Liabilities 750
Total Current Assets $2,700 Long term Liabilities
Fixed Assets Deferred Taxes 1,000
Property, Plant & equip. 4,600 Long term debt 2,000
Less Accumulated Dep. 600 Total long term liability 3,000
Net PP&E 4,000
Intangible & Other assets 1,000 Stockholders’ Equity ???
Total Assets $7,500 Total Liabilities and
Stockholders’ Equity ???
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 7
8. Macintosh Enterprises
Pro-Forma Income Statement
(Year ending December 31, 2009)
($ thousand)
Sales $5,000
Less: Operating Expenses (COGS) 2,000
Depreciation & Amortization 600
Selling, general and administrative exp. 300
Operating Income $2,100
Other income 100
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (EBIT) 2,200
Less: Interest Expense 770
Pretax (Taxable) Income 1,430
Less Tax (@ 40%) 572
Net Income (Earnings after Tax) $858
Addition to retained earnings 58
Dividends 800
Earnings per Share (EPS) = Net Income/Shares = $0.858
Dividends per share (DPS) = $0.80
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 8
9. Transform income statement into Cash
Flow
Now we are ready to transform this income statement
into Cash Flow
Adjustments Necessary:
1. Changes in Fixed Assets: Depreciation and
Amortization is not a cash expense and thus should
not be subtracted from Cash Flow. But, New
Investment is a cash expense (when paid for) and
should be subtracted.
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10. Transform income statement into Cash
Flow
2. Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) is the DIRECT expense
associated with producing the goods that are sold in
the period.
Costs associated with goods that are produced but
will be sold in future periods are not counted.
If the firm pays for goods THAT ARE NOT SOLD, there
is a cash flow out which must be accounted for.
In order to account for this, we include changes in
Inventory in the Cash Flow statement.
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 10
11. Transform income statement into Cash
Flow
• In general: Increases in Working Capital must be
subtracted from Earning to get Cash Flow
• In this case suppose:
Changes in Working Capital (+100)
Change in cash -200
a/c receivable +200 a/c payable +150
Inventory +100 Notes payable -50
Other S.T.A +100
Total change 200 100
8/31/2022 FINA4330 Corporate Finance 11
12. Macintosh Enterprises
Pro-Forma Cash Flow Statement
(Year ending December 31, 2006)
($ thousand)
Earnings Before Interest and Taxes (from Income Statement) $2,200
Less: Tax on Operations (@ 40% (Note: tax rate times EBIT not $572) 880
Operating Income after Tax (EBIT(1-t)) 1,320
Plus: Non-Cash Expenses (Depreciation & Amortization) 500 1,820
Increase (decrease) in cash holdings -200
increase (decrease) in accounts receivable 200
increase (decrease) in Inventory 100
increase (decrease) in other Short Term Assets 100
Change in Short Term Assets 200
Less: increase (decrease) in accounts payable 150
increase (decrease) in Short Term Liabilities (50)
Changer in Short Term Liabilities 100
Less: Net Change in Working Capital 300 300
Free Cash Flow from Operations $1,520
Less: “After Tax” interest payments I(1-t) (note: = 770 (1-.40)) 462
Less: Dividends to preferred stockholders 100
Less: Investment (net of capital gains tax) 400
Free Cash Flow to Common Stockholders 558
EBITDA (2,200 + 500) $2,700
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