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Final sap2000 v14-

1. SAP2000 is a structural analysis program used to analyze all types of structures. It can model both skeletal structures like beams and frames, represented using frame elements, and non-skeletal structures like slabs and tanks, represented using area elements. 2. The general steps to analyze any structure in SAP2000 are: enter coordinates, define sections, draw the structure, apply loads, then solve and view results. 3. Key tools for input include editing the grid data to set the coordinate system, defining section properties, and assigning sections while drawing the structural elements.

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‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس / اﻳﻤﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺴﻼم اﻟﺰهﻴﺮي‬ ‫1‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫- أهﺪاء :-‬ ‫1- اﻟﻲ آﻞ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻳﻄﻤﻊ اﻟﻲ ﻏﺪ اﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻮم .‬ ‫2- اﻟﻲ زوﺟﺘﻲ واﺑﻨﻲ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ.‬ ‫3- اﻟﻲ اﺑﻲ واﻣﻲ واﺧﻮﺗﻲ ) اﺣﻤﺪ و ﻣﺤﻤﺪ و ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ( .‬ ‫4- اﻟﻲ اﺳﺘﺎذي ا.د / ﻋﺎﻃﻒ ﻋﺮاﻗﻲ .‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻬﻢ اﺟﻌﻞ هﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺧﺎﻟﺼﺎ ﻟﻮﺟﻬﻚ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫2‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Course Contents :- 1- Analysis of Beams 11- Analysis of Stairs 2- Analysis of Frames 12- Elevated Tank 3- Analysis of Multi-story Frames 13- From AutoCAD to Sap2000 4- Analysis of Trusses 14- Wind Forces 5- Design using SAP2000 15- Equivalent Static Method 6- Analysis of Solid Slab 16- Response Spectrum Method 7- Analysis of Solid & Flat Slab 17- Time History Method 8- Design using Excel 18- Examples 9- Analysis of Foundation 10- Analysis of Plates 3 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫-41‪SAP2000-V‬‬ ‫‪Structure Analysis Program‬‬ ‫* هﻮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ اﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت .‬ ‫‪Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫‪Non-Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫- هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫-هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ آﺒﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن آﺒﻴﺮ.‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺻﻐﻴﺮ.‬ ‫-‪EX:- Beam – Frames – Trusses‬‬ ‫-‪EX:- Slab – Raft – Tanks - Tunnle‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Area‬‬ ‫‪ Element‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال )‪ (X-Y Plan‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال) ‪(X-Z Plan‬‬ ‫4‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫* اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺤﻞ أي ﻣﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎهﻴﻦ ‪. X & Y‬‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺘﻴﻦ :-‬ ‫اﻻوﻟﻲ:- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع )اﺳﻤﻪ – اﺑﻌﺎدﻩ – ﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﺎدﻩ (‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﻪ:-ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ اﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺮﺳﻢ .‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮﻩ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Beams – Slabs – Columns‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺳﻮاء آﺎﻧﺖ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :‬ ‫‪Point load – Uniform load – Surface load‬‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻟﺤﺴﺎب ال ‪ Straining Actions‬وﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺈﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ .‬ ‫5‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻪ ﻟﻠﺪﺧﻮل ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ:-‬ ‫1- اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪ Short Cut‬ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ .‬ ‫‪SAP2000 14.lnk‬‬ ‫2- ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ :-‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪New Model‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻠﻒ ﻓﺎرغ‬ ‫6‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫* ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ :-‬ ‫7‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ . ‫ ( ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬Click) ‫1- اﻟﻮﻗﻮف ﻋﻠﻲ اي ﻣﻜﺎن داﺧﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ وﻋﻤﻞ‬ *Edit Grid Data Modify/Show System ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﺗﺮاآﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ X-Grid data Y-Grid data Z-Grid data -: ‫2- او ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ‬ * Define Coordinate System / Grid Modify/Show System 8 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
Analysis of Skeletal Structure 1- Analysis of Beams For the given beam :- -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ 9 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
-: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ * Define Of Beam Section :- Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property -:‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ (Concrete)‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﻪ‬ -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ -: ‫3 رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ Frame Element Draw Draw Framecabletendom Quick Frame Element 10 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ :- ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Fixed Support‬‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺬف رآﻴﺰﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﻩ‬ ‫‪Hinged Support‬‬ ‫‪Roller Support‬‬ ‫11‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫4-ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ For Uniform Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ (‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ For Triangular Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed 12 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع = ﺻﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫-: ‪For Point Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻻول ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻻول ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬ ‫31‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ‪ Set Element‬ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ اﺧﺮاج اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﺠﺴﻢ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﻟﻮان ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﺑﻴﺾ واﺳﻮد‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Area‬‬ ‫2- ﻻﻇﻬﺎر آﻞ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺨﻔﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Load Assigns‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫41‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪( DOF‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Frame‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫-: ‪1-Deformed Shape‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Deformed Shape‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ 6‪( F‬‬ ‫اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ :-‬ ‫51‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-: ‪Straining Actions‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم وﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪Joints‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪Reactions‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Forces/Stresses‬‬ ‫‪Frames/Cables‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻠﺮآﺎﺋﺰ:-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ال‪Shear‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫‪Axial Force‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻘﻮي اﻟﻤﺤﻮرﻳﺔ‬ ‫2 - 2 ‪Shear‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫3-3 ‪Moment‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫61‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤـــــــــﺎور‬ ‫‪Global Axis‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ آﻜﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺎور واﺣﺪﻩ وهﻲ ‪X-Y-Z‬‬ ‫آﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ داﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺎور ﺧﺎﺻﻪ ﺑﻪ وهﻲ 3-2-1‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺧﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎء اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫-1- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Length‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻂ ﺑﺎل ‪Mouse‬‬ ‫-2- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Depth‬‬ ‫-3- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Width‬‬ ‫71‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ‬ ‫1 – اﻟﻐﺎء وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ال 1 اﻟﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪Modify Load‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﺈﻟﻐﺎء اﻟﻮزن‬ ‫2 – ﻋﻤﻞ رآﻴﺰة ﻣﺎﺋﻠﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ)ﺣﻮل ال ‪( Y-Axis‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ )ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ وﻋﻜﺲ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ (‬ ‫3 – ادﺧﺎل ال ‪-: Spring‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Springs‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪K‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ 3 ‪Translation‬‬ ‫3 – ﺣﺪوث هﺒﻮط ﻟﺮآﻴﺰة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Displacement‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Global Z‬‬ ‫81‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-: ‪Temperature Effect‬‬ ‫-: ‪For Frame Element‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Temperature‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﺣﺮارﻩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﻪ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫-: ‪For Shell Element‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Temperature (All‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺗﻜﻮن ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫91‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
2- Analysis of Frames Column Beam Section Section -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 6 , 11 , 14 Y=0 Z=0,4,7 20 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫-: ‪* For Column Section‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫‪Add New Property‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫)‪* For Beam Section :- (T-Section‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع)‪(Steel‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫12‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫‪Quick Frame Element‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Fixed & Hinge & Roller‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫-: ‪For Triangular Distributed Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) 3 ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫-: ‪For Uniform Distributed Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫22‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ آﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﻮل اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫-:‪For Joint Load 4 ton‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ X-Axis‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫32‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-:‪For Point Load 5 ton‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ2 ‪Axis‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫-:‪For Concentrated Moment 6 t.m‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻋﺰوم‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮر دوران اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫)ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ(‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫42‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ 25 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
3- Analysis of Multi-Story Frames Ext. Column Int. Column Beam 26 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﺮﺳﻢ دور واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ال ‪Frame‬‬ ‫81 , 21 , 6 , 0 = ‪X‬‬ ‫0=‪Y‬‬ ‫3,0=‪Z‬‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :- ) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺛﻼث ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت (‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫72‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ وهﻲ ‪Fixed‬‬ ‫* ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Replicate‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺘﻜﺮار ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Z‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات اﻟﺘﻜﺮار دون اﺧﺬ‬ ‫اﻻﺻﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫82‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ For Uniform Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ For Joint Load :- Joint‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ Assign Joint Loads Forces ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻼﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬ ( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ 29 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
4- Analysis of Trusses h = 0.5 bf=0.2 tf=0.02 tw=0.015 Column Section Double angle 150x150x15 One angle 150x150x15 30 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
-: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 15 , 30 Y=0 Z = 0 , 4 , 5.5 , 7.5 -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬I-Beam ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬one angle ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ Diagonals ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬Double angle ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ Upper and lower chord ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ 31 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
Upper and ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ Diagonals‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ lower chord -: ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ (U&L chord ‫ ) اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ وال‬Truss ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻻﻃﺎر اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻞ‬ Draw Draw Framecabletendom Frame Element ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬ Quick Frame 32 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Lines‬‬ ‫‪Divide Frames‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫)ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﻪ(‬ ‫-: ‪* Drawing Diagonal Members‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫33‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫-: ‪For Joint Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﺷﺎرﻩ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﻪ.‬ ‫ال ‪ Truss‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺰوم‬ ‫* ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺰوم :-‬ ‫)ﺣﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ اي ﻋﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺪا اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ(‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :- ‪ReleasesPartial Fixity‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻨﺪ اي ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﺴﺎوي ﺻﻔﺮ.‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ال‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫‪ Intermediate Hinge‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت.‬ ‫33‪M‬‬ ‫43‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ Note: Axial Force = N.F.D 35 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫0002‪Design Using SAP‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪-: Truss‬‬ ‫‪1-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪View/Revise Preferences‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻮد اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪2-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪Start Design/Check Of Structure‬‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪأ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ وﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻟﻮان اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ وﺗﺘﻠﻮن اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺄﻟﻮان ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Safe‬او ‪ Unsafe‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل هﺬﻩ اﻻﻟﻮان .‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ أي ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫63‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Analysis of Non-Skeletal Structure 1- Analysis of Solid Slab For the given slab :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 5 , 10 Y=0,4,8 -: ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Z=0 37 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫* ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع 06*52‬ ‫* ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫* رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫83‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫- رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﻂ‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ :- ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫‪Hinge support‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫93‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫4- اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ :- ) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻟﻼﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻟﻞ ‪ Dead Load‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدﻩ (‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬ ‫ﺣﺬف ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫* ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫1- اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ :-‬ ‫1- وزن اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ووﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪.Dead‬‬ ‫2- وزن ال ‪ Covering‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪. Dead‬‬ ‫3- وزن ال ‪ Live Load‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪. LL‬‬ ‫2‪Covering = 150 kgm‬‬ ‫2‪L.L = 200 kgm‬‬ ‫04‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Uniform (Shell‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Live Loads‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Covering‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫2- اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫1- وزن اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ووﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪.Dead‬‬ ‫2- ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ.‬ ‫3- وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻗﻴﻤﺔ وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ( :-‬ ‫‪W = tw x hw x γ‬‬ ‫‪tm‬‬ ‫‪tw‬‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪hw‬‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪γ‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﻮب‬ ‫14‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺮات آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫* اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ :- وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ال ‪Ultimate‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Combinations‬‬ ‫‪Add New Combo‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫24‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫‪Ultimate‬‬ ‫‪Working‬‬ ‫* ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة اﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆدي ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻲ زﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫34‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﻌﺪد ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X & Y‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ذات اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ال‪Grids‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪( DOF‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺤﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ )‪. (Run‬‬ ‫44‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ 1- Deformed Shape :- ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬ 2- Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ Shells ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ 45 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ:-‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Beams‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪3D‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫64‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫* ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺮض ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﻓﺮﺷﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ 6 اﺳﻴﺎخ ﻗﻄﺮ 01 ﻣﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﺮ .‬ ‫2‪As = 6 x 0.785 = 4.71 cm‬‬ ‫‪ts=12 cm‬‬ ‫) ‪A s = ( Mu / ( f y x j x d‬‬ ‫‪Mu=1.34 t.m‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل هﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ) 43.1 و 43.1- ( ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Max & Min Range‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺿﺎﻓﻲ .‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ 22‪M‬‬ ‫74‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫‪2- Analysis and Design of Solid and Flat Slab‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ هﺬا اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري اي : وﺿﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻪ – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫84‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
-: ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ Solid Slab Flat Slab 49 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
-: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ * Assume :- For Slab:- X = 0 -1.54 - 4.16 – 5.8 - 8.4 -11.2 -13.2 -14.6 -15.4 -16.15 ts = 12 cm Solid Y = 0 - 0.75 -1.5 - 4.15 - 5.4 - 6.9 - 7.65 –8.9 – 10.5 -12 ts = 20 cm Flat Z=0 For Beam:- Beam 25x60 Beam 12.5x60 Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ : ‫* ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ : ‫* ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ Define Section Properties Define Section Properties Frame Sections Area Sections ‫21ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬x60 ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع‬ Solid ts = 12cm ‫52 ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ‬x60 ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع‬ Flat ts = 20cm 0.001x0.001‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﺔ‬ 50 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Group‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Assign to Group‬‬ ‫‪Add New Group‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Group‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Groups‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ ال ‪Group‬‬ ‫15‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫‪Hinge Supports‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﻪ وذﻟﻚ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺗﺤﺘﻬﺎ آﻤﺮات. ﺣﻴﺚ ان اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪﻩ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ هﻲ وﺟﻮد ‪. Frame Element‬‬ ‫آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪* Working‬‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪* Dead Load‬‬ ‫‪* Ultimate‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪* Live Load‬‬ ‫25‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﻌﺪد ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X & Y‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ذات اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ال‪Grids‬‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫35‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﻔﺎء اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ وال ‪ Joint‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫ﻋﺮض اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options or‬‬ ‫اﺧﻔﺎء ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫اﺧﻔﺎء اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮاﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻻﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫45‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ ال ‪ Reactions‬اﻟﻲ ال ‪-: Excel‬‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Export‬‬ ‫‪Sap2000 MS Excel Spreadsheet.xls File‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎرال‬ ‫‪Reactions‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ال ‪ Excel‬وﻓﻴﻬﺎ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ .‬ ‫55‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻻﻇﻬﺎر ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪-: SAP‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Groups‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Show Selection Only‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options or‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Label‬ﻟﻞ ‪Joint‬‬ ‫2- ﻟﺘﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ :-‬ ‫‪ Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ذﻳﺎدة ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫65‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
57 Column Label Floor Reaction Total Reaction Concrete Area Column Width Column Thickness Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery = 1% Ac = 0.6% Ac Max. Area Number -: ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬
‫‪) Foundation‬اﻻﺳـــــﺎﺳـــــــــﺎت(‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع اﻻﺳــﺎﺳــــﺎت‬ ‫‪Shallow Foundation‬‬ ‫‪Deep Foundation‬‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﺳﻄﺤﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﻋﻤﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫‪- Footing‬‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫‪- Piles‬‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬ ‫‪- Raft‬‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﻪ‬ ‫آﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻻﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ :-‬ ‫76.0<‬ ‫‪Footing‬‬ ‫وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪Stress‬‬ ‫= ‪Stress‬‬ ‫‪0.67< -- <1.0 Raft‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪BC‬‬ ‫‪>1.0 Piles‬‬ ‫= ‪Where: BC‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫85‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Analysis of Raft *Design the following raft :- (No. of stories = 10) 59 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery B C = 1.25 kgcm2
‫5.51 – 7.41 – 2.11 – 4.8 – 8.5 – 1.4 – 5.1 – 0 = ‪X‬‬ ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫4.11 – 2.8 – 5.7 – 9.6 – 7.4 – 4.3 – 57.0 – 0 = ‪Y‬‬ ‫0=‪Z‬‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :- )ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ(‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫-: ‪* Define of slab section‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪100cm‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﻜﻞ دور 01 ﺳﻢ‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫-: ‪For Joint Load‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫‪Joint‬اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ وهﺬﻩ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ‪ Total Reaction‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫06‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫5- ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :- )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ واﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ(‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء05.0‪ 0.50x‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪Divide Area‬‬ ‫6- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪K = 1000 * B C * Area Of Mesh‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﻪ )2‪BC :---------- (Kgcm‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﻩ2‪Area Mesh------------- (0.50x0.50) m‬‬ ‫)‪K------Spring Stiffness (tm‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪-: Spring‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Springs‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ 3 ‪Translation‬‬ ‫16‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫7- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫26‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-: ‪For Raft on Piles‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻮازﻳﻖ وآﺬﻟﻚ هﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻊ ال ‪ Springs‬ﻋﺒﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻓﻘﻂ .‬ ‫* ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪E‬‬ ‫)2‪Modulus Of Elasticity Of Concrete (t/m‬‬ ‫‪K=EA/L‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫)2‪Pile Cross-Section (m‬‬ ‫‪L‬‬ ‫)‪Pile Length (m‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Springs‬وﻻﺑﺪ اﻻ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺪرة ﺗﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺨﺎزوق .‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰة ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻮازﻳﻖ :- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫36‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Analysis of Plates For Slab:- ts = 20 cm For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ File New Model Grid Only ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ 64 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﻟﻌﺪم اﻇﻬﺎر ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﻟﻼﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Edit Grid Data‬‬ ‫‪Modify/Edit Grid‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل رﻗﻢ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع 06*52‬ ‫- ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪20 cm‬‬ ‫56‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫-: ‪For Slab‬‬ ‫-: ‪For Frames‬‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺛﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ‪ Local Axis‬ﻟﻠﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ رﺳﻤﺔ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫- اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) 3 ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻻﻋﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫3 ‪Reverse Local‬‬ ‫- اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) 1 ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎة ال ‪-: Radial Direction‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ 51 درﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺰوم اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ال ‪Radial & Tangential‬‬ ‫66‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫4- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار هﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Replicate‬‬ ‫‪Radial Replicate‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات وآﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ‪ Z-Axis‬ﻋﺪد 11‬ ‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ آﻞ 03 درﺟﻪ.‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪Hinges‬‬ ‫5- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫6- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪* Working‬‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪* Dead Load‬‬ ‫‪* Ultimate‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪* Live Load‬‬ ‫76‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫7- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :-‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Radial‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ .‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Tangential‬‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman Abdel-Salam El-Zohiery‬‬ ‫‪Eng_A_Zohiery@yahoo.com‬‬ ‫86‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
* Case of rectangular and circular slab :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm Solid For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 Required :- 1- Design of Slab 2- Design of Beams 3- Design of Columns 69 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﺤﻞ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ ﻋﺎدي )‪ (X & Y‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد .‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫ﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ Cylindrical‬اﻟﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ‪ Cartesian‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Coordinate SystemsGrids‬‬ ‫‪Add New System‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ ‪. X & Y & Z‬‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﻴﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﺿﻐﻂ ‪Ok‬‬ ‫07‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
Analysis of Stairs 1- Two flight stair :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﺪور‬ (1.50) For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 (0.00) 71 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
2- Three flight stair :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm (1.05) (1.95) For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 (0.00) (3.00) 72 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
3- Helical Stairs :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 -: ‫1- اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ -: ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ X= 0,2,4 Y= 0 Z = 0 -: ‫ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻗﺼﻲ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬Frame Element ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ‬ 73 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
-: ‫ ﺛﻢ‬Frame Element ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ Edit Extrude Extrude Lines to Areas Radial ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ For Frames :- -: ‫4- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ Draw Draw Framecabletendom Frame Element Quick Frame Hinges ‫5- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ:- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ‬ Assign Joint Restraints ‫ﺣﺬف اﻻﺻﻞ‬ -: ‫6- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ * Working ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ * Dead Load * Ultimate ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ * Live Load 74 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
Analysis of Elevated Tank - For the given tank :- Dom ts = 15cm Cylinder ts = 20cm Cone ts = 25cm Ring Beam 25x70cm Column 30x80cm Foundation Plate ts = 100cm 75 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Plate‬ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮﻩ ‪ 3.50m‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ هﻮ واﺿﺢ :-‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮف اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ واﻟﻜﻤﺮات .‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﻪ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ .‬ ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Plate‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ ال ‪Local Axis‬آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ .‬ ‫4- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ .‬ ‫67‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫5- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬﻩ ال ‪Joint‬اﻟﻲ ‪ Frame Element‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫- ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺿﺮب اﻟﻌﻤﻮد ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﻣﺴﺎﻓﻪ ‪6.0m‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻻدوار )1(‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ 09 درﺟﻪ .‬ ‫6- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Dom‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪ Template‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Shell‬‬ ‫77‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Dom Spherical‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Dom‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Dom‬‬ ‫7- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪-: Ring Beam‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا اﺳﻔﻞ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻣﺮ ‪. Frame Element‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Radial Replicate‬ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ‪ Z‬ﻋﺪد 11 ﻧﺴﺨﺔ .‬ ‫8- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺬف اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ال ‪-: Dom‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Elevation‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪XZ Plan‬‬ ‫87‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻳﻘﻮﻧﺔ ﻻﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪: Elevation‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ال ‪ Dom‬واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪.Delete‬‬ ‫9- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Cylinder‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪-: Template‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Shell‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﺳﻄﻮاﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫97‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫01- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Cone‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫- اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺳﻔﻞ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺒﻪ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. X-Axis‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﻪ اﻟﻲ ‪ Frame Element‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬ ‫01=‪ Z‬وﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ )1( .‬ ‫- وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل 4=‪X‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬا اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻲ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude Lines to Areas‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Radial‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. Z-Axis‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺰاوﻳﻪ 03 درﺟﻪ .‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ 21 ﻧﺴﺨﻪ .‬ ‫ﺣﺬف اﻻﺻﻞ‬ ‫08‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫11- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﺎت ال ‪ Cone‬اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع .‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫اﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻴﻦ اﺟﺰاء اﻟﻤﺨﺮوط ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆدي ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻲ‬ ‫زﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫21- ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﻤﺮاد ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ هﺎﻣﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﻳﻜﻮن اﺗﺠﺎﻩ 3 ‪ Local Axis‬ﻟﻠﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ .‬ ‫18‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة داﺧﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ال ‪ Sap‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪P = AX + BY + CZ + D‬‬ ‫-: ‪From B.C‬‬ ‫1- = ‪C‬‬ ‫61 = ‪D‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻔﺲ ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Surface Pressure (All‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫28‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
‫0002‪From AutoCAD 2000 To SAP‬‬ ‫-: ‪For AutoCAD‬‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪ Frame Element‬ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪ Line‬ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ Layer‬ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ )‪(Beam‬‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ‪ Area Element‬ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪ 3D Face‬ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ Layer‬ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ )‪(Shell‬‬ ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﻔﻆ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﻣﺘﺪاد )‪ (DXF‬ﻋﻠﻲ أي ﻣﻜﺎن .‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻔﻆ‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Save As‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﺤﻔﻆ‬ ‫اﻣﺘﺪاد ‪DXF‬‬ ‫-: 0002‪For SAP‬‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Import‬‬ ‫‪AutoCAD .dxf File‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻠﻒ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ ﺣﻔﻈﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫38‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

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Final sap2000 v14-

  • 1.
    ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪس / اﻳﻤﻦﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺴﻼم اﻟﺰهﻴﺮي‬ ‫1‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 2.
    ‫- أهﺪاء :-‬ ‫1- اﻟﻲ آﻞ اﻧﺴﺎن ﻳﻄﻤﻊ اﻟﻲ ﻏﺪ اﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻮم .‬ ‫2- اﻟﻲ زوﺟﺘﻲ واﺑﻨﻲ ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ.‬ ‫3- اﻟﻲ اﺑﻲ واﻣﻲ واﺧﻮﺗﻲ ) اﺣﻤﺪ و ﻣﺤﻤﺪ و ﻣﺼﻄﻔﻲ ( .‬ ‫4- اﻟﻲ اﺳﺘﺎذي ا.د / ﻋﺎﻃﻒ ﻋﺮاﻗﻲ .‬ ‫اﻟﻠﻬﻢ اﺟﻌﻞ هﺬا اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺧﺎﻟﺼﺎ ﻟﻮﺟﻬﻚ اﻟﻜﺮﻳﻢ‬ ‫2‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 3.
    Course Contents :- 1- Analysis of Beams 11- Analysis of Stairs 2- Analysis of Frames 12- Elevated Tank 3- Analysis of Multi-story Frames 13- From AutoCAD to Sap2000 4- Analysis of Trusses 14- Wind Forces 5- Design using SAP2000 15- Equivalent Static Method 6- Analysis of Solid Slab 16- Response Spectrum Method 7- Analysis of Solid & Flat Slab 17- Time History Method 8- Design using Excel 18- Examples 9- Analysis of Foundation 10- Analysis of Plates 3 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 4.
    ‫-41‪SAP2000-V‬‬ ‫‪Structure Analysis Program‬‬ ‫* هﻮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ اﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت .‬ ‫‪Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫‪Non-Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫- هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫-هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ آﺒﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن آﺒﻴﺮ.‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺻﻐﻴﺮ.‬ ‫-‪EX:- Beam – Frames – Trusses‬‬ ‫-‪EX:- Slab – Raft – Tanks - Tunnle‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Area‬‬ ‫‪ Element‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال )‪ (X-Y Plan‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال) ‪(X-Z Plan‬‬ ‫4‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 5.
    ‫* اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔﻟﺤﻞ أي ﻣﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎهﻴﻦ ‪. X & Y‬‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺘﻴﻦ :-‬ ‫اﻻوﻟﻲ:- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع )اﺳﻤﻪ – اﺑﻌﺎدﻩ – ﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﺎدﻩ (‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﻪ:-ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ اﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺮﺳﻢ .‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮﻩ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Beams – Slabs – Columns‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺳﻮاء آﺎﻧﺖ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :‬ ‫‪Point load – Uniform load – Surface load‬‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻟﺤﺴﺎب ال ‪ Straining Actions‬وﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺈﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ .‬ ‫5‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 6.
    ‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻪ ﻟﻠﺪﺧﻮلﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ:-‬ ‫1- اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪ Short Cut‬ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ .‬ ‫‪SAP2000 14.lnk‬‬ ‫2- ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ :-‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪New Model‬‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻠﻒ ﻓﺎرغ‬ ‫6‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 7.
    ‫* ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪاﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ :-‬ ‫7‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 8.
    -: ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ . ‫ ( ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬Click) ‫1- اﻟﻮﻗﻮف ﻋﻠﻲ اي ﻣﻜﺎن داﺧﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ وﻋﻤﻞ‬ *Edit Grid Data Modify/Show System ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﺗﺮاآﻤﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ X-Grid data Y-Grid data Z-Grid data -: ‫2- او ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ‬ * Define Coordinate System / Grid Modify/Show System 8 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 9.
    Analysis of SkeletalStructure 1- Analysis of Beams For the given beam :- -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ 9 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 10.
    -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒاﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ * Define Of Beam Section :- Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property -:‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ (Concrete)‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﻪ‬ -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ -: ‫3 رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ Frame Element Draw Draw Framecabletendom Quick Frame Element 10 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 11.
    ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ:- ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Fixed Support‬‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺬف رآﻴﺰﻩ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدﻩ‬ ‫‪Hinged Support‬‬ ‫‪Roller Support‬‬ ‫11‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 12.
    -: ‫4-ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ForUniform Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ (‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ For Triangular Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed 12 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 13.
    ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع = ﺻﻔﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬ ‫-: ‪For Point Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻻول ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻻول ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬ ‫31‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 14.
    ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ‪ Set Element‬ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ اﺧﺮاج اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﺠﺴﻢ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﻟﻮان ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﺑﻴﺾ واﺳﻮد‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Area‬‬ ‫2- ﻻﻇﻬﺎر آﻞ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺨﻔﻴﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Load Assigns‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫41‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 15.
    ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-)ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪( DOF‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Frame‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫-: ‪1-Deformed Shape‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Deformed Shape‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ 6‪( F‬‬ ‫اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ :-‬ ‫51‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 16.
    ‫-: ‪Straining Actions‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم وﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪Joints‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪Reactions‬‬ ‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Forces/Stresses‬‬ ‫‪Frames/Cables‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻠﺮآﺎﺋﺰ:-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺷﻜﻞ‬ ‫ال‪Shear‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫‪Axial Force‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻘﻮي اﻟﻤﺤﻮرﻳﺔ‬ ‫2 - 2 ‪Shear‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ‬ ‫3-3 ‪Moment‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫61‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 17.
    ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤـــــــــﺎور‬ ‫‪Global Axis‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ آﻜﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺎور واﺣﺪﻩ وهﻲ ‪X-Y-Z‬‬ ‫آﻞ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ داﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺤﺎور ﺧﺎﺻﻪ ﺑﻪ وهﻲ 3-2-1‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺧﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎء اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﻦ‬ ‫-1- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Length‬‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻂ ﺑﺎل ‪Mouse‬‬ ‫-2- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Depth‬‬ ‫-3- ‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫‪Width‬‬ ‫71‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 18.
    ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ‬ ‫1 – اﻟﻐﺎء وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ال 1 اﻟﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫‪Modify Load‬‬ ‫ﻟﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﺈﻟﻐﺎء اﻟﻮزن‬ ‫2 – ﻋﻤﻞ رآﻴﺰة ﻣﺎﺋﻠﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ)ﺣﻮل ال ‪( Y-Axis‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ )ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ وﻋﻜﺲ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ (‬ ‫3 – ادﺧﺎل ال ‪-: Spring‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Springs‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪K‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ 3 ‪Translation‬‬ ‫3 – ﺣﺪوث هﺒﻮط ﻟﺮآﻴﺰة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Displacement‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Global Z‬‬ ‫81‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 19.
    ‫-: ‪Temperature Effect‬‬ ‫-: ‪For Frame Element‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Temperature‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﺣﺮارﻩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﻪ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫-: ‪For Shell Element‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Temperature (All‬‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﺮارة ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬ ‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺗﻜﻮن ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬ ‫91‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 20.
    2- Analysis ofFrames Column Beam Section Section -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 6 , 11 , 14 Y=0 Z=0,4,7 20 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 21.
    ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت:-‬ ‫-: ‪* For Column Section‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫‪Add New Property‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫)‪* For Beam Section :- (T-Section‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع)‪(Steel‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫12‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 22.
    ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ:-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‬ ‫‪Quick Frame Element‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Fixed & Hinge & Roller‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫-: ‪For Triangular Distributed Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) 3 ( ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫-: ‪For Uniform Distributed Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫22‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 23.
    ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ:-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬ ‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻲ آﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﻮل اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫-:‪For Joint Load 4 ton‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ X-Axis‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫32‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 24.
    ‫-:‪For Point Load5 ton‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ2 ‪Axis‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫-:‪For Concentrated Moment 6 t.m‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻋﺰوم‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻮر دوران اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ‬ ‫)ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ(‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫42‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 25.
    ( DOF ‫5-اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ 25 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 26.
    3- Analysis ofMulti-Story Frames Ext. Column Int. Column Beam 26 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 27.
    ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت:-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﺮﺳﻢ دور واﺣﺪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ال ‪Frame‬‬ ‫81 , 21 , 6 , 0 = ‪X‬‬ ‫0=‪Y‬‬ ‫3,0=‪Z‬‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :- ) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺛﻼث ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت (‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫72‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 28.
    ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ:-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ وهﻲ ‪Fixed‬‬ ‫* ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Replicate‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺘﻜﺮار ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Z‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات اﻟﺘﻜﺮار دون اﺧﺬ‬ ‫اﻻﺻﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫82‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 29.
    -: ‫4- ادﺧﺎلاﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ For Uniform Distributed Load :- ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ For Joint Load :- Joint‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ Assign Joint Loads Forces ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻼﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬ ( DOF ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ 29 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 30.
    4- Analysis ofTrusses h = 0.5 bf=0.2 tf=0.02 tw=0.015 Column Section Double angle 150x150x15 One angle 150x150x15 30 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 31.
    -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎلاﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 15 , 30 Y=0 Z = 0 , 4 , 5.5 , 7.5 -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ Define Section Properties Frame Sections Add New Property ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬I-Beam ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬one angle ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ Diagonals ‫ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ‬Double angle ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ Upper and lower chord ‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ 31 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 32.
    Upper and ‫ﻗﻄﺎعال‬ Diagonals‫ﻗﻄﺎع ال‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ lower chord -: ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ (U&L chord ‫ ) اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ وال‬Truss ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻻﻃﺎر اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻞ‬ Draw Draw Framecabletendom Frame Element ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬ Quick Frame 32 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 33.
    ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮآﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Lines‬‬ ‫‪Divide Frames‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫)ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﻪ(‬ ‫-: ‪* Drawing Diagonal Members‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬ ‫33‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 34.
    ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل:-‬ ‫-: ‪For Joint Load‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﺷﺎرﻩ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﻪ.‬ ‫ال ‪ Truss‬ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺰوم‬ ‫* ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺰوم :-‬ ‫)ﺣﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ اي ﻋﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﺪا اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ(‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :- ‪ReleasesPartial Fixity‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺠﻌﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻨﺪ اي ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﺴﺎوي ﺻﻔﺮ.‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ال‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰم‬ ‫‪ Intermediate Hinge‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت.‬ ‫33‪M‬‬ ‫43‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 35.
    ( DOF ‫5-اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال‬ Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ 1-Deformed Shape :- Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ 2-Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ Note: Axial Force = N.F.D 35 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 36.
    ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫0002‪Design Using SAP‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪-: Truss‬‬ ‫‪1-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪View/Revise Preferences‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻮد اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫‪2-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪Start Design/Check Of Structure‬‬ ‫ﻳﺒﺪأ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ وﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻟﻮان اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ وﺗﺘﻠﻮن اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺄﻟﻮان ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Safe‬او ‪ Unsafe‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل هﺬﻩ اﻻﻟﻮان .‬ ‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ أي ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫63‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 37.
    Analysis of Non-SkeletalStructure 1- Analysis of Solid Slab For the given slab :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ X = 0 , 5 , 10 Y=0,4,8 -: ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ Z=0 37 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 38.
    ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت:-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫* ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع 06*52‬ ‫* ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Section Properties‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺨﺎﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫* رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫83‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 39.
    ‫- رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت:-‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﻂ‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ :- ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫* ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫‪Hinge support‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫93‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 40.
    ‫4- اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫* ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ :- ) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻟﻼﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻟﻞ ‪ Dead Load‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدﻩ (‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬ ‫ﺣﺬف ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﻩ‬ ‫* ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫1- اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ :-‬ ‫1- وزن اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ووﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪.Dead‬‬ ‫2- وزن ال ‪ Covering‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪. Dead‬‬ ‫3- وزن ال ‪ Live Load‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪. LL‬‬ ‫2‪Covering = 150 kgm‬‬ ‫2‪L.L = 200 kgm‬‬ ‫04‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 41.
    ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎلاﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Uniform (Shell‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Live Loads‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Covering‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫2- اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫1- وزن اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ووﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪.Dead‬‬ ‫2- ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ.‬ ‫3- وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻗﻴﻤﺔ وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ( :-‬ ‫‪W = tw x hw x γ‬‬ ‫‪tm‬‬ ‫‪tw‬‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪hw‬‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪γ‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﻮب‬ ‫14‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 42.
    ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎلاﻟﻜﻤﺮات آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫* اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ :- وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻠﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ال ‪Ultimate‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Combinations‬‬ ‫‪Add New Combo‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫24‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 43.
    ‫‪Ultimate‬‬ ‫‪Working‬‬ ‫* ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة اﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆدي ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻲ زﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫34‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 44.
    ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﻌﺪدﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X & Y‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ذات اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ال‪Grids‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ :-) ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪( DOF‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺤﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ )‪. (Run‬‬ ‫44‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 45.
    -: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎراﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬ 1- Deformed Shape :- ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬ 2- Straining Actions :- Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬ Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ Shells ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ 45 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 46.
    ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲاﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ:-‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Beams‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪3D‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫64‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 47.
    ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫* ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺮض ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﻓﺮﺷﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ 6 اﺳﻴﺎخ ﻗﻄﺮ 01 ﻣﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﺮ .‬ ‫2‪As = 6 x 0.785 = 4.71 cm‬‬ ‫‪ts=12 cm‬‬ ‫) ‪A s = ( Mu / ( f y x j x d‬‬ ‫‪Mu=1.34 t.m‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل هﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ) 43.1 و 43.1- ( ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Max & Min Range‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﺎج‬ ‫ﻟﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺿﺎﻓﻲ .‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ 22‪M‬‬ ‫74‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 48.
    ‫‪2- Analysis andDesign of Solid and Flat Slab‬‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ هﺬا اﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎري اي : وﺿﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ ﻟﻪ – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات – ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫84‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 49.
    -: ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ Solid Slab Flat Slab 49 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 50.
    -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎلاﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ * Assume :- For Slab:- X = 0 -1.54 - 4.16 – 5.8 - 8.4 -11.2 -13.2 -14.6 -15.4 -16.15 ts = 12 cm Solid Y = 0 - 0.75 -1.5 - 4.15 - 5.4 - 6.9 - 7.65 –8.9 – 10.5 -12 ts = 20 cm Flat Z=0 For Beam:- Beam 25x60 Beam 12.5x60 Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ : ‫* ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ : ‫* ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ Define Section Properties Define Section Properties Frame Sections Area Sections ‫21ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬x60 ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع‬ Solid ts = 12cm ‫52 ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ‬x60 ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع‬ Flat ts = 20cm 0.001x0.001‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﺔ‬ 50 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 51.
    ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ:-‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Group‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Assign to Group‬‬ ‫‪Add New Group‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Group‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Groups‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ ال ‪Group‬‬ ‫15‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 52.
    ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎراﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫‪Hinge Supports‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﻪ وذﻟﻚ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ اﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﺗﺤﺘﻬﺎ آﻤﺮات. ﺣﻴﺚ ان اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪﻩ ﻻدﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ هﻲ وﺟﻮد ‪. Frame Element‬‬ ‫آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺜﺎل اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪* Working‬‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪* Dead Load‬‬ ‫‪* Ultimate‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪* Live Load‬‬ ‫25‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 53.
    ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت :-ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﻌﺪد ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X & Y‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ذات اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ال‪Grids‬‬ ‫5- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫35‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 54.
    ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﻔﺎء اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪوال ‪ Joint‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫ﻋﺮض اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options or‬‬ ‫اﺧﻔﺎء ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫اﺧﻔﺎء اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮاﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻻﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫45‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 55.
    ‫ﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ ال ‪Reactions‬اﻟﻲ ال ‪-: Excel‬‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Export‬‬ ‫‪Sap2000 MS Excel Spreadsheet.xls File‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎرال‬ ‫‪Reactions‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ال ‪ Excel‬وﻓﻴﻬﺎ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ .‬ ‫55‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 56.
    ‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻻﻇﻬﺎر ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪-: SAP‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Groups‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Show Selection Only‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options or‬‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Label‬ﻟﻞ ‪Joint‬‬ ‫2- ﻟﺘﻜﺒﻴﺮ ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ :-‬ ‫‪ Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫ذﻳﺎدة ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫65‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 57.
    57 Column Label Floor Reaction Total Reaction Concrete Area Column Width Column Thickness Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery = 1% Ac = 0.6% Ac Max. Area Number -: ‫ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬
  • 58.
    ‫‪) Foundation‬اﻻﺳـــــﺎﺳـــــــــﺎت(‬ ‫اﻧﻮاع اﻻﺳــﺎﺳــــﺎت‬ ‫‪Shallow Foundation‬‬ ‫‪Deep Foundation‬‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﺳﻄﺤﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﻋﻤﻴﻘﻪ‬ ‫‪- Footing‬‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫‪- Piles‬‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬ ‫‪- Raft‬‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺴﻠﺤﻪ‬ ‫آﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻻﺳﺎس اﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ :-‬ ‫76.0<‬ ‫‪Footing‬‬ ‫وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪Stress‬‬ ‫= ‪Stress‬‬ ‫‪0.67< -- <1.0 Raft‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪BC‬‬ ‫‪>1.0 Piles‬‬ ‫= ‪Where: BC‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﻪ‬ ‫85‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 59.
    Analysis of Raft *Designthe following raft :- (No. of stories = 10) 59 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery B C = 1.25 kgcm2
  • 60.
    ‫5.51 – 7.41– 2.11 – 4.8 – 8.5 – 1.4 – 5.1 – 0 = ‪X‬‬ ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫4.11 – 2.8 – 5.7 – 9.6 – 7.4 – 4.3 – 57.0 – 0 = ‪Y‬‬ ‫0=‪Z‬‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :- )ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ(‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫-: ‪* Define of slab section‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪100cm‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﻜﻞ دور 01 ﺳﻢ‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫-: ‪For Joint Load‬‬ ‫4- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫‪Joint‬اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ وهﺬﻩ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ‪ Total Reaction‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫06‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 61.
    ‫5- ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ:- )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ واﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ(‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء05.0‪ 0.50x‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪Divide Area‬‬ ‫6- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪K = 1000 * B C * Area Of Mesh‬‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﻪ )2‪BC :---------- (Kgcm‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﻩ2‪Area Mesh------------- (0.50x0.50) m‬‬ ‫)‪K------Spring Stiffness (tm‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪-: Spring‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Springs‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ 3 ‪Translation‬‬ ‫16‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 62.
    ‫7- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎراﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ .‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫26‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 63.
    ‫-: ‪For Rafton Piles‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻮازﻳﻖ وآﺬﻟﻚ هﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬ ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻊ ال ‪ Springs‬ﻋﺒﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻓﻘﻂ .‬ ‫* ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪E‬‬ ‫)2‪Modulus Of Elasticity Of Concrete (t/m‬‬ ‫‪K=EA/L‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫)2‪Pile Cross-Section (m‬‬ ‫‪L‬‬ ‫)‪Pile Length (m‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Springs‬وﻻﺑﺪ اﻻ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺪرة ﺗﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺨﺎزوق .‬ ‫ﻻﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰة ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻮازﻳﻖ :- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد‬ ‫اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم .‬ ‫36‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 64.
    Analysis of Plates For Slab:- ts = 20 cm For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 -: ‫1- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ File New Model Grid Only ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ -: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬ 64 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 65.
    ‫ﻟﻌﺪم اﻇﻬﺎر ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢﻟﻼﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Click‬ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Edit Grid Data‬‬ ‫‪Modify/Edit Grid‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل رﻗﻢ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫2- ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع 06*52‬ ‫- ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ ‪20 cm‬‬ ‫56‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 66.
    ‫-: ‪For Slab‬‬ ‫-: ‪For Frames‬‬ ‫3- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ :-‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Framecabletendom‬‬ ‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬ ‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺛﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ‪ Local Axis‬ﻟﻠﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ رﺳﻤﺔ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫- اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) 3 ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻻﻋﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫3 ‪Reverse Local‬‬ ‫- اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) 1 ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎة ال ‪-: Radial Direction‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ 51 درﺟﻪ‬ ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺰوم اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ال ‪Radial & Tangential‬‬ ‫66‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 67.
    ‫4- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮارهﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Replicate‬‬ ‫‪Radial Replicate‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات وآﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ‪ Z-Axis‬ﻋﺪد 11‬ ‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات‬ ‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ آﻞ 03 درﺟﻪ.‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪Hinges‬‬ ‫5- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬ ‫6- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل :-‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫‪* Working‬‬ ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪* Dead Load‬‬ ‫‪* Ultimate‬‬ ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪* Live Load‬‬ ‫76‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 68.
    ‫7- اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎراﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ :-‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬ ‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬ ‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ :-‬ ‫11‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Radial‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ .‬ ‫22‪M‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Tangential‬‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman Abdel-Salam El-Zohiery‬‬ ‫‪Eng_A_Zohiery@yahoo.com‬‬ ‫86‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 69.
    * Case ofrectangular and circular slab :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm Solid For Beam:- b = 25 cm t = 60 cm Live Load = 200 kgm2 Covering = 150 kgm2 Required :- 1- Design of Slab 2- Design of Beams 3- Design of Columns 69 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 70.
    ‫ﺧﻄﻮات اﻟﺤﻞ :-‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ ﻋﺎدي )‪ (X & Y‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد .‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫ﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ Cylindrical‬اﻟﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ‪ Cartesian‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Coordinate SystemsGrids‬‬ ‫‪Add New System‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ ‪. X & Y & Z‬‬ ‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﻴﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ ‫اﺿﻐﻂ ‪Ok‬‬ ‫07‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 71.
    Analysis of Stairs 1-Two flight stair :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﺪور‬ (1.50) For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 (0.00) 71 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 72.
    2- Three flightstair :- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm (1.05) (1.95) For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 (0.00) (3.00) 72 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 73.
    3- Helical Stairs:- For Slab:- ts = 12 cm For Beam:- 25 x 60 cm Live Load = 300 kgm2 Covering = 200 kgm2 -: ‫1- اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ -: ‫* ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬ X= 0,2,4 Y= 0 Z = 0 -: ‫ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻗﺼﻲ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬Frame Element ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ‬ 73 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 74.
    -: ‫ ﺛﻢ‬FrameElement ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ Edit Extrude Extrude Lines to Areas Radial ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬ For Frames :- -: ‫4- رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬ Draw Draw Framecabletendom Frame Element Quick Frame Hinges ‫5- ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ:- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ‬ Assign Joint Restraints ‫ﺣﺬف اﻻﺻﻞ‬ -: ‫6- ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ * Working ‫* اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ * Dead Load * Ultimate ‫* اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ * Live Load 74 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 75.
    Analysis of ElevatedTank - For the given tank :- Dom ts = 15cm Cylinder ts = 20cm Cone ts = 25cm Ring Beam 25x70cm Column 30x80cm Foundation Plate ts = 100cm 75 Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery
  • 76.
    ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ‪ Plate‬ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮﻩ ‪ 3.50m‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ هﻮ واﺿﺢ :-‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮف اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت :-‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ واﻟﻜﻤﺮات .‬ ‫- ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﻪ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ .‬ ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Plate‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ ال ‪Local Axis‬آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ .‬ ‫4- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ .‬ ‫67‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 77.
    ‫5- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞهﺬﻩ ال ‪Joint‬اﻟﻲ ‪ Frame Element‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ ‫- ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ :-‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺿﺮب اﻟﻌﻤﻮد ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :-‬ ‫ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﻣﺴﺎﻓﻪ ‪6.0m‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪد اﻻدوار )1(‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ 09 درﺟﻪ .‬ ‫6- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Dom‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪ Template‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Shell‬‬ ‫77‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 78.
    ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ:-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Dom Spherical‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻘﺒﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Dom‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Dom‬‬ ‫7- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪-: Ring Beam‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﺻﻐﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا اﺳﻔﻞ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻣﺮ ‪. Frame Element‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Radial Replicate‬ﻟﻬﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ‪ Z‬ﻋﺪد 11 ﻧﺴﺨﺔ .‬ ‫8- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺬف اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ال ‪-: Dom‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Elevation‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :‬ ‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪XZ Plan‬‬ ‫87‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 79.
    ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻳﻘﻮﻧﺔ ﻻﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪: Elevation‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ال ‪ Dom‬واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪.Delete‬‬ ‫9- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Cylinder‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪-: Template‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Shell‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﺳﻄﻮاﻧﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫97‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 80.
    ‫01- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢال ‪ Cone‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫- اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺳﻔﻞ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺒﻪ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. X-Axis‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﻪ اﻟﻲ ‪ Frame Element‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬ ‫01=‪ Z‬وﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ )1( .‬ ‫- وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل 4=‪X‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬا اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻲ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل :‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude Lines to Areas‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Radial‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. Z-Axis‬‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺰاوﻳﻪ 03 درﺟﻪ .‬ ‫- ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ 21 ﻧﺴﺨﻪ .‬ ‫ﺣﺬف اﻻﺻﻞ‬ ‫08‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 81.
    ‫11- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢﺑﻼﻃﺎت ال ‪ Cone‬اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع .‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة‬ ‫اﻻﺗﺼﺎل ﺑﻴﻦ اﺟﺰاء اﻟﻤﺨﺮوط ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺆدي ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻲ‬ ‫زﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫21- ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﻤﺮاد ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Patterns‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ هﺎﻣﺔ :-‬ ‫ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﻳﻜﻮن اﺗﺠﺎﻩ 3 ‪ Local Axis‬ﻟﻠﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻜﺲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ .‬ ‫18‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 82.
    ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة داﺧﻞﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ال ‪ Sap‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ :-‬ ‫‪P = AX + BY + CZ + D‬‬ ‫-: ‪From B.C‬‬ ‫1- = ‪C‬‬ ‫61 = ‪D‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻔﺲ ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Surface Pressure (All‬‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬ ‫28‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬
  • 83.
    ‫0002‪From AutoCAD 2000To SAP‬‬ ‫-: ‪For AutoCAD‬‬ ‫1- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪ Frame Element‬ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪ Line‬ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ Layer‬ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ )‪(Beam‬‬ ‫2- ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ‪ Area Element‬ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪ 3D Face‬ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ Layer‬ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ )‪(Shell‬‬ ‫3- ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﻔﻆ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﻣﺘﺪاد )‪ (DXF‬ﻋﻠﻲ أي ﻣﻜﺎن .‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻔﻆ‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Save As‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﻢ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﺤﻔﻆ‬ ‫اﻣﺘﺪاد ‪DXF‬‬ ‫-: 0002‪For SAP‬‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Import‬‬ ‫‪AutoCAD .dxf File‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻠﻒ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ ﺣﻔﻈﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫38‬ ‫‪Eng. Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬