The document provides a review of key concepts related to the US Constitution and government. It defines terms like due process, search warrants, double jeopardy, the Bill of Rights, judicial review, the federal bureaucracy, executive departments, the National Security Council, presidential powers, taxation, foreign policy tools, the commerce power, congressional approval of appointments, and more. It also summarizes aspects of the legislative and executive branches, political parties, elections, and civic participation.

1. FINAL REVIEW So close to the end!

2. What does the 5th Amendment say? The government must follow due process of law when punishing a person of a crime

3. What is procedural due process? The government must operate under fair policies If police want to search a house, what must they have? Search warrant

4. What does the Second Amendment say? right to bear arms What is double jeopardy? you cannot be tried twice for the same crime

5. What does the First Amendment guarantee? Freedom of religion, press, assembly, petition and speech

6. What Amendment extends the Bill of Rights to the States? 14th What is the Establishment Clause? Separation of church and state

7. What branch of government has the power to create inferior courts? Congress What is concurrent jurisdiction? Federal and state courts have the right to hear a case

8. What court has the final say of judicial review? The Supreme Court What is the purpose of a dissenting opinion? to explain why you disagree with the opinion of the court

9. What is the federal bureaucracy? all the agencies, people, and procedures through which the Federal Government operates, it is based on hierarchy, formal rules and specialized roles. They all answer to the President.

10. What is the name for units of Cabinet rank? Departments What is the “nerve center” of the Executive Office of the President? White House Office

11. What is the National Security Council? Advises the President about the nation’s safety. What are government cooperations? Resemble private business

12. What document do Presidential powers come from? The Constitution What does the term imperial presidency refer to? the use of powers of the presidency without congressional approval

13. What is the ordinance power? Right to issue an executive order How long can a president commit troops to combat without approval from Congress? 60 days

14. What is a progressive tax? Increases as income increases What is a deficit? The amount the government spends that exceeds its income

15. What was American foreign plicy like after WWII? Moved from isolationism to internationalism What are some tools of US foreign policy? alliances, economic and military aid, membership in the UN

16. When did the U.S. emerge as a world power? Spanish American War Who becomes president after the President and the VP? Speaker of the House.

17. When you vote for the President, who are you really voting for? Electors What are the criticisms of the Electoral College? The winner of the popular vote might not win the presidency

18. What are expressed powers? Stated directly in the Constitution. What is the commerce power? Regulate trade and business

19. Who must approve presidential appointments? Senate How long is a term in the House of Representatives? 2 years

20. What is the title of a Congressperson who votes based on the wishes of his or her constituents? Delegate In what type of government does one person rule? Dictatorship

21. Who holds the supreme authority in a democracy? the people What is the Connecticut Compromise? one chamber with representation based on population and one chamber represented equally

22. What is the Bill of Rights First 10 Amendments What are concurrent powers? Powers of both the federal government and state governments

23. What are reserved powers? Powers held by the State What is a political party? A group that tried to control government by winning elections and holding public offices

24. What is the function of a political party? to find candidates and gather support for them, to nominate them for office and ensure that they are qualified.

25. what is the spoiler role? stealing votes from a main party What are literacy tests? something that states used to prevent African Americans from voting

26. What is the nomination process? narrows the field of candidates for an election, select party leaders and choose new government office holders

27. What is a closed primary? Only registered party members may vote What is public opinion? The attitudes held by a large number of Americans

28. What are the most important factors in political socialization? Family and education What is an interest group? private organization formed to promote the interests of its members

29. What are Political Action Committees? intended to raise money for political candidates