This document provides a grammar summary and exercises on several topics: 1. Using "what...like?" questions to ask for descriptions and examples of answers. 2. Using "it" to talk about weather and temperature. 3. Forming the present perfect tense with "have/has + past participle" and examples of using it to talk about past experiences without a specific time frame. 4. Noting how past participles are formed for regular and irregular verbs and examples using them with the present perfect and past simple tenses. The exercises that follow practice forming questions, writing sentences in the present perfect tense, and completing a chart on the past and past participle forms of

1. Grammar file1 English File 2
1 What … like?
’s the weather It’s cold and cloudy.
Present
are the people They’re friendly.
What like?
was the weather It was freezing.
Past
were the people They were very nice.
✦ Use What + (be) + noun + like? to ask for a description.
✦ Remember the difference between (be) like and the verb like. What’s the weather like? It’s awful.
What’s your flat like? It’s old and cheap. but Do you like your flat? Yes, very much.
2 it (weather)
It’s very hot today.
What was the temperature yesterday? It was 28°.
✦ Use it to talk about weather and temperature.
I’ve been to 15 countries!
3 The present perfect
( '
✦ Form the present perfect with have + past
I I
participle.
You You
’ve haven’t ✦ Use the present perfect to talk generally
We We
They They about past experiences in your life. You don’t
worked in France. worked in Italy.
say exactly when they happened.
He been to the USA. He been to Canada.
I’ve been to America.
She ’s She hasn’t
 I’ve been to America last year.
It It
To say when it happened, use the past simple.
/ & I went to America last year.
Have you worked in Britain? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. Past participles
Has he been to Spain? Yes, he has. / No, he hasn’t.
✦ For regular verbs, the past participle ends in
Contractions ’ve = have ’s = has ed. It’s the same as the past simple form.
haven’t = have not hasn’t = has not I worked in Spain. / I’ve worked in Spain.
✦ For irregular verbs, the past participle is
sometimes different from the past simple.
my experiences
I was born now
present perfect
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2. Grammar check 1 English File 2
1 What . . . like? Write the questions. Then b Write present perfect sentences. Use
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
match them to the answers. contractions.
1 weather the like what’s? 1 you (meet) my wife ?
What’s the weather like? c Have you met my wife?
2 like Thailand what’s? 2 they (not try) Indian food S
3 the hotel what like was? 3 I (be) to Istanbul R
4 were like beaches the what?
4 they (travel) a lot ?
5 new what’s John’s girlfriend like?
5 he (work) in a restaurant R
a It’s an interesting country.
6 we (not see) her new flat S
b They were very clean.
c It’s cold and foggy.
d She’s very nice.
e It was very comfortable.
2 it (weather) What’s the weather like? Write
sentences.
1 It’s sunny. 2 3
4 5
3 a Present perfect Complete the chart.
Infinitive Past Past participle
work worked worked
be was / were
see seen
go went ___________
tried tried
meet ____________ ____________
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