This is a detailed articulation of the figures of speech for the English class. This powerpoint gives an articulation through listing or naming the figures of speech, giving several relatable examples for learners to engage with. It also includes pictures to accommodate visual learners as there is a variety of learning styles that should be catered for in the classroom.

1. ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL
LANGUAGE
GRADE 11 A
FIGURES OF SPEECH
21 AUGUST 2022
SLIDES CREATED AND COMPILED BY MR SM MATHE

2. RECAPPING.
 What did we cover in the previous week on Wednesday during the
English period?
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

3. PREVIOUS TOPIC: ANALYSING CARTOONS.
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4. NEW TOPIC: FIGURES OF SPEECH.
 The FIGURES of SPEECH can be defined as a mode whereby
words are used in an expression that is out of their ordinary use
or literary meaning to enhance the transference of poetic
sense, adding beauty or emotional intensity. (Valdez; 2015).
 The figures of speech in order to produce or create a greater
effect depart from either the ordinary course of ideas or from
the ordinary form of expression. (Robinson; 2015).
 In other words, it is a form of a single word or phrase which
carries a figurative language. (Robinson; 2015).
 To enhance an author’s or poet’s writing, they can be used in
both the literature and poetry. (Lachica; 2016).

5. THE 9 FIGURES OF SPEECH.
 NB: There are many figures of speech, but we will cover only the 9
stipulated and most important ones.
 SIMILE.
 METAPHOR.
 PERSONIFICATION.
 ONOMATOPOEIA.
 ALLITERATION.
 ASSONANCE.
 OXYMORON.
 HYPERBOLE.
 EUPHEMISM.

6. 1. SIMILE.
 SIMILE is a figure of speech that through some connective, such as
‘like’ or ‘as’ directly compares two things. (Agrawal; 2013).
 It mainly compares two objects that are unlikely. (Lachica; 2016).
 Although objects may be of different kinds, they may have one point
in common. (Robinson; 2015).
 EXAMPLES.
 She walks as gracefully as a cat. (Agrawal; 2013).
 This pizza is as cold as ice. (Robinson; 2015).
 The snow is as think as a blanket. (Lachica; 2016).

7. 2. METAPHOR.
 It is a simile that is implied. (Robinson; 2015).
 It compares two unlike objects without the use of ‘like’ or ‘as’
(Lachica; 2016).
 It depicts a subject’s description through asserting that it is the same
as another otherwise unrelated object through indirect comparison.
(Agrawal; 2013).
 EXAMPLES.
 The camel is a ship of the dessert. (Robinson; 2015).
 My pulse is a race car. (Lachica; 2016).

8. 3. PERSONIFICATION.
 The inanimate objects are given human characteristics or
traits. (Lachica; 2016).
 Can also be called anthropomorphism. (Agrawal; 2013).
 Life and intelligence is given to abstract notions. (Robinson;
2015).
 EXAMPLES.
 The rock flew down the cliff. (Agrawal; 2013).
 This city never sleeps. (Lachica; 2016).
 The rotten flower is asking to be given water. (My example).
 The tree bowed and waved to me in the wind. (Burgos;2016).

9. PERSONIFICATION: ROTTEN FLOWER.
This Photo by
Unknown Author
is licensed under
CC BY-SA

10. 4. HYPERBOLE.
 It is an exaggeration that is deliberate. (Lachica; 2016).
 Comes from the words ‘Hyper’ meaning ‘beyond’ and ‘ballo’ meaning ‘throw’
literally. A throwing beyond. (Velarde; 2017).
 The emphasis or effect are created through exaggerations. (Agrawal; 2013).
 Overstatement makes emphatic statement. (Robinson; 2015).
 They are not meant to be comprehended literally, but they create strong
impressions or in some cases evoke strong feelings. (Agrawal; 2013).
 EXAMPLES.
 His backpack weighs a ton. (Lachica; 2016).
 I have told you a million times. (Robinson; 2015).

11. HYPERBOLE: EXAGGERATED BACKPACK.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC

12. 5. EUPHEMISM.
 An offensive or unpleasant word is substituted with an
innocuous word or expression. (Agrawal; 2013).
 EXAMPLES.
 You are telling me a fairytale. Instead of saying, a ‘lie’
(Robinson; 2015).
 He passed away. Instead of saying, he ‘died’ (Agrawal;
2013).

13. 6. OXYMORON.
 It is the contradictory pair of words. (Lachica; 2016).
 It is a special form of antithesis. (Robinson; 2015).
 EXAMPLES.
 I am busy doing nothing. (Robinson; 2015).
 The silence whistles. (Agrawal; 2013).
 The memories are bitter-sweet. (My example).

14. 7. ONOMATOPOEIA.
 The sound that the word describes is suggested or phonetically imitated.
(Agrawal; 2013).
 The sound of a word is associated with what is named. (Robinson; 2015).
 EXAMPLES.
 Sizzle.
 Boom.
 Whoosh.
 Whip.
 Bam.
 The clap of thunder went bang and scared my poor dog. (Chiquillo; 2017).

15. ONOMATOPOEIA: SOUND MADE BY A COW.

16. 8. ALLITERATION.
 At the beginning of two or more words in a line, there is a repetition
of syllables, letters or same sound. (Velarde; 2017).
 The beginning sounds or neighboring words consists of a repetition.
(Centeno; 2018).
 The appearance of same consonant sounds in two or more words.
(Valdriz; 2016).
 EXAMPLES.
 How high His Honour holds his haughty head. (Velarde; 2017).
 Susan saw a seal. (Centeno; 2018).
 She sells seashells by the seashore. (Chiquillo; 2017).

17. 9. ASSONANCE.
 The neighboring words consist of a repetition of similar or identical
vowel sounds. (Valdriz; 2016).
 The internal vowels show similarity or identity. (Chiquillo; 2017).
 The repetition of vowel-sounds within non-rhyming words.
(Fernandes; 2016).
 EXAMPLES.
 The man was happy to have his backpack back. (Valdriz; 2016).
 How now brown cow? (Chiquillo; 2017).

18. REFERENCES.
 Agrawal, R. (2013). Figures of speech. Extracted from:
https://www.slideshare.net/richaagrawal313371/figures-of-speech-27692219
 Centeno; E. (2018). Figures of speech (English 9). Extracted from:
https://www.slideshare.net/ErikaCenteno1/figures-of-speech-
96707346?qid=312bb670-2218-4a55-9269-bd9dfbe1999a&v=&b=&from_search=9
 Lachica, T. (2016). Figures of speech. Extracted from:
https://www.slideshare.net/tinelachica04/eng9-figures-of-speech?qid=dea51dff-
f7bf-40a0-8b17-69c446b7caa3&v=&b=&from_search=4
 Robinson, E. (2015). Figures of speech. Student. Trivandrum. India. Extracted
from: https://www.slideshare.net/ebinrobinson/figures-of-speech-55284676
 Valdez, C. (2015) Figures of speech. College instructor at St. Mary’s Academy.
Extracted from: https://www.slideshare.net/cesvaldez13/figures-of-speech-
50347409?qid=7d43ba8a-ad48-452c-bf79-d222912b90e1&v=&b=&from_search=2

19. REFERENCES. (continued)
 Burgos, V.J. (2016). Figures of speech. Cagayan de Oro: Philippines. Extracted from:
https://www.slideshare.net/vjburgos22/figures-of-speech-66294336?qid=cf459425-1a1f-4f1b-
8f27-dfadf1f00714&v=&b=&from_search=81
 Chiquillo, M. (2017). A simple presentation of the most commonly used figures of speech in
English literature. Student. Don Bosco Formation Center. Extracted from:
https://www.slideshare.net/chiquillo18/figures-of-speech-79206027?qid=5edf45d0-ba2c-
4468-ab8a-e18f746dcd4e&v=&b=&from_search
 Fernandes, K. (2016). Figures of speech. Teacher of English and Literature. Extracted from:
https://www.slideshare.net/karinakatfernandes/figures-of-speech-57221907?qid=38f66d34-
2309-4b56-855a-8040f100c7e9&v=&b=&from_search=78
 Valdriz, J. (2016). A presentation of the topic on figures of speech. Region I: Philippines.
Extracted from: https://www.slideshare.net/joeyvaldriz/figures-of-speech-
61688493?qid=bb7975a9-11d1-48c3-b5df-585a23bb3b4f&v=&b=&from_search=18
 Velarde, J. (2017). Literature/Figures of speech. Calabarzon: Philippines. Extracted from:
https://www.slideshare.net/DrJeanneathVelarde/literature-figures-of-speech?qid=20d8ad99-
903e-4b6f-8b70-5854b3052ac6&v=&b=&from_search=7