Salween River System originates at the Himalaya mountain range and flows from the Tibetan Plateau into the Andaman Sea. It drains a narrow and mountainous watershed of 324,000 square kilometres that extends into the countries of China, Burma and Thailand.
Macrognathus siangensis, new species, from the Siang River, Brahmaputra drainage, northeast India, is distinguished from all other congeners by the following combination of characters: lack of rostral tooth plates, dorsal-fin spines 15-19, dark spots like imperfect ocelli along the base of dorsal soft branched fin rays 7-11, dark blotches at the mid-lateral sides of body 22-27, dorsal fin rays with two rows of parallel greyish streaks, caudal fin rays with 4-6 striated greyish streaks and body width 59.0-67.4% of its depth. A key to Macrognathus species of northeast India including the newly described one is provided.
1) A specimen of the sea urchin Maretia planulata was collected off the coast of Thoothukudi, India and represents a new record for the region.
2) M. planulata is widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific but has not previously been reported from the waters off India.
3) The specimen was collected at a depth of 310 meters and exhibits physical characteristics that confirm its identification as M. planulata, including shallow frontal sinus, oval subanal fasciole, and distribution of tubercles.
1. A specimen of the heart urchin Maretia planulata was collected off the coast of Thoothukudi, India and represents a new record for the region.
2. M. planulata is widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific but has not previously been reported from western India.
3. The specimen was identified based on characteristics that distinguish M. planulata from similar species, including shallow frontal sinus, oval subanal fasciole, and extension of primordial plates.
This document describes a new species of fish, Macrognathus albus, discovered in the Manimala River in Kerala, India. Three specimens of the fish were collected and found to have several distinguishing morphological characteristics compared to related species. The new species is white in color without any bands or bars, and has 29 irregular blotches on its back. It lacks a preorbital spine and has its dorsal fin originating farther back than related species. The document provides detailed measurements and comparisons to establish M. albus as a new species.
This document reports on a new record of two species of sea squirts - Herdmania momus and Phallusia nigra - found off the coast of Thoothukudi, India. Small numbers of each species were caught at a depth of 310 meters as bycatch. This extends the known distribution of both species to the southeast coast of India. The document provides taxonomic information on the species, including descriptions of physical characteristics that were consistent with prior classifications. It also discusses the wide geographic distributions of both species globally and notes this is an new record of their occurrence in Indian waters.
Species Diversity of Polychaete Worms from Some Selected Freshwater Environme...ijtsrd
The number of freshwater species in the world is quite small when compared with the vast number of marine species. There are several marine forms which are penetrated brackish and freshwater but remain unable to breed there while others have adapted sufficiently to remain for their entire life span. Polychaetes are commonly found in Indian estuaries, among 152 species recorded, 119 species from the east coast, 10 species from both east and west coasts. A total of 8 species were identified along Thenkasi District. Macro benthic polychaetes highlighted the presence of indicator species at all stations. Most of the benthic studies explored that Nereididae is the dominant species. The polychaetes observed throughout this study were a similar size and this is a clear indication of extreme disturbance imposed on the sediment. The present findings show macrobenthic polychaete diversity rich all along the Thenkasi District of Tamil Nadu. S. Balasubramanian | T. Citarasu | S. Lazarus | A. Renu "Species Diversity of Polychaete Worms from Some Selected Freshwater Environment of Thenkasi District, Tamil Nadu" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26516.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/26516/species-diversity-of-polychaete-worms-from-some-selected-freshwater-environment-of-thenkasi-district-tamil-nadu/s-balasubramanian
This document reports on the first record of the squat lobster species Munidopsis scobina off the Thoothukudi coast of the Gulf of Mannar in India. One specimen of M. scobina was collected from a depth of 305-310 meters during trawling operations. M. scobina is described and its key diagnostic features are provided. This extends the known distribution of M. scobina in the Indo-Pacific region. A number of other species previously collected off the Thoothukudi coast are also cited.
This document describes a new species of catfish, Mystus keralai, discovered in the Manimala River in Kerala, India. It is distinguished from related species by features such as a longer head, smaller eyes, narrow groove on the head, very long maxillary barbels, longer pectoral spine, longer base of the rayed dorsal fin, and distinctive coloration markings. The fish is described and its physical characteristics and habitat are detailed. It is compared to two related species, Mystus seengtee and Mystus cavasius, and shown to differ in various morphological features.
Macrognathus siangensis, new species, from the Siang River, Brahmaputra drainage, northeast India, is distinguished from all other congeners by the following combination of characters: lack of rostral tooth plates, dorsal-fin spines 15-19, dark spots like imperfect ocelli along the base of dorsal soft branched fin rays 7-11, dark blotches at the mid-lateral sides of body 22-27, dorsal fin rays with two rows of parallel greyish streaks, caudal fin rays with 4-6 striated greyish streaks and body width 59.0-67.4% of its depth. A key to Macrognathus species of northeast India including the newly described one is provided.
1) A specimen of the sea urchin Maretia planulata was collected off the coast of Thoothukudi, India and represents a new record for the region.
2) M. planulata is widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific but has not previously been reported from the waters off India.
3) The specimen was collected at a depth of 310 meters and exhibits physical characteristics that confirm its identification as M. planulata, including shallow frontal sinus, oval subanal fasciole, and distribution of tubercles.
1. A specimen of the heart urchin Maretia planulata was collected off the coast of Thoothukudi, India and represents a new record for the region.
2. M. planulata is widely distributed throughout the Indo-Pacific but has not previously been reported from western India.
3. The specimen was identified based on characteristics that distinguish M. planulata from similar species, including shallow frontal sinus, oval subanal fasciole, and extension of primordial plates.
This document describes a new species of fish, Macrognathus albus, discovered in the Manimala River in Kerala, India. Three specimens of the fish were collected and found to have several distinguishing morphological characteristics compared to related species. The new species is white in color without any bands or bars, and has 29 irregular blotches on its back. It lacks a preorbital spine and has its dorsal fin originating farther back than related species. The document provides detailed measurements and comparisons to establish M. albus as a new species.
This document reports on a new record of two species of sea squirts - Herdmania momus and Phallusia nigra - found off the coast of Thoothukudi, India. Small numbers of each species were caught at a depth of 310 meters as bycatch. This extends the known distribution of both species to the southeast coast of India. The document provides taxonomic information on the species, including descriptions of physical characteristics that were consistent with prior classifications. It also discusses the wide geographic distributions of both species globally and notes this is an new record of their occurrence in Indian waters.
Species Diversity of Polychaete Worms from Some Selected Freshwater Environme...ijtsrd
The number of freshwater species in the world is quite small when compared with the vast number of marine species. There are several marine forms which are penetrated brackish and freshwater but remain unable to breed there while others have adapted sufficiently to remain for their entire life span. Polychaetes are commonly found in Indian estuaries, among 152 species recorded, 119 species from the east coast, 10 species from both east and west coasts. A total of 8 species were identified along Thenkasi District. Macro benthic polychaetes highlighted the presence of indicator species at all stations. Most of the benthic studies explored that Nereididae is the dominant species. The polychaetes observed throughout this study were a similar size and this is a clear indication of extreme disturbance imposed on the sediment. The present findings show macrobenthic polychaete diversity rich all along the Thenkasi District of Tamil Nadu. S. Balasubramanian | T. Citarasu | S. Lazarus | A. Renu "Species Diversity of Polychaete Worms from Some Selected Freshwater Environment of Thenkasi District, Tamil Nadu" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26516.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/26516/species-diversity-of-polychaete-worms-from-some-selected-freshwater-environment-of-thenkasi-district-tamil-nadu/s-balasubramanian
This document reports on the first record of the squat lobster species Munidopsis scobina off the Thoothukudi coast of the Gulf of Mannar in India. One specimen of M. scobina was collected from a depth of 305-310 meters during trawling operations. M. scobina is described and its key diagnostic features are provided. This extends the known distribution of M. scobina in the Indo-Pacific region. A number of other species previously collected off the Thoothukudi coast are also cited.
This document describes a new species of catfish, Mystus keralai, discovered in the Manimala River in Kerala, India. It is distinguished from related species by features such as a longer head, smaller eyes, narrow groove on the head, very long maxillary barbels, longer pectoral spine, longer base of the rayed dorsal fin, and distinctive coloration markings. The fish is described and its physical characteristics and habitat are detailed. It is compared to two related species, Mystus seengtee and Mystus cavasius, and shown to differ in various morphological features.
This document summarizes a study on the systematic and taxonomic aspects of catfishes found in the Sasthamcottah Lake in Kerala, India. Seven species of catfish from 6 genera were collected from the lake: Horabagrus brachysoma, Mystus oculatus, Ompok malabaricus, Ompok bimaculatus, Wallago attu, Clarias dussumieri, and Heteropneustes fossilis. The study examined morphological characteristics, meristic counts, diversity, and conservation status of the catfish species. Key findings included different colorations observed between seasons, commercial and food importance of some species, and population declines of C. d
This document reports on the discovery of a new species of lamellated pen shell, Atrina lamellata, off the coast of Thoothukudi, India. A single specimen was collected from a depth of 310 meters and identified based on its morphological characteristics. This extends the known distribution of A. lamellata to include the southeast coast of India. Little is known about pen shell populations in this region. This study provides a first documentation and taxonomic identification of A. lamellata in the waters off Thoothukudi.
This document reports on the discovery of a new species of lamellated pen shell, Atrina lamellata, off the coast of Thoothukudi, India. A single specimen was collected from a depth of 310 meters and identified based on its morphological characteristics. This extends the known distribution of A. lamellata to include the southeast coast of India. Little is known about pen shell populations in this region. This study provides a first documentation and taxonomic identification of A. lamellata in the waters off Thoothukudi.
Lan Nguyen Poster for Science Seminar revisedLan Nguyen
- The study examined the relationship between morphology and niche partitioning of fish assemblages in the Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve in Cambodia. 27 fish species were sampled and 31 morphological features were measured.
- Principal component and cluster analysis revealed relationships between morphological characteristics and habitat/trophic groups, indicating niche partitioning allows coexistence of competing species.
- The high biodiversity of fish in the Tonle Sap is due to seasonal flooding patterns that provide different habitats and allow fish to occupy different ecological niches. Understanding these relationships can help manage fisheries in this important ecosystem.
1. The document describes methods for breeding Asian clams, including heat shock and scraping the gonads. Both methods involve placing clam gonadal material in water and observing development of new clams over 72 hours.
2. The scraping method showed better results, producing more new clams than the heat shock method.
3. After 72 hours, larval stages of new clams could be observed under a microscope, indicating successful breeding using the scraping method.
1. The document discusses how the shape of fish otoliths changes based on the species' environment and swimming behavior. Faster swimming species tend to have more flattened otoliths.
2. Otolith shape also differs based on water depth - deep water species have otoliths adapted for stability in vertical movement while shelf species have otoliths suited for horizontal swimming.
3. Otolith microstructure and shape change throughout a fish's life as it develops and migrates between inshore, offshore and deep water habitats. This reflects adaptations for different swimming speeds and environments over ontogeny.
This document describes a new species of sisorid fish, Glyptothorax elankadensis, found in the Manimala River in Kerala, India. It summarizes the key distinguishing morphological characteristics of G. elankadensis compared to related species. These include having yellow tipped fins, three narrow yellow bands on its body, and distinct coloration patterns. The document provides measurements and counts of the new species' physical features and compares it in detail to two other known Glyptothorax species found in Kerala to justify it as a new species. Samples of the new species were collected and are being housed in the Zoological Survey of India collection.
01. Anguilla anguilla (Eel).pdf. The Asian swamp eel is a facultative air-bre...Saiqa Riaz
Teleost fish, or eels, have longer bodies than other
fish.
• They lack a pelvic girdle and a ventral fin.
• The eel's elongated body shape gives it a narrow
head that aids in hiding in mud, sand, and small
openings.
• They consist of marine morays and freshwater eels.Electric Eels are not true eels, they belong to
order Gymnotiformes.
• There are over 800 species of eels so they are
very diverse.
• Eels do not have pelvic fins. They have
continuous dorsal, anal, and caudal fins.
• The Asian swamp eel is a facultative air-breathing
fish with reduced gills (Damsgaard et al., 2014).
• Eels have a keen sense of smell and have a highly
developed olfactory system.
The document discusses the lobster life cycle in three stages:
1) The first 5-7 years are critical as lobsters are too small to be harvested. Little is known about how long females carry eggs.
2) Eggs develop inside females for 9-12 months before attaching to swimmerets on the tail for another 9-12 months.
3) There is a large time span between an egg forming and becoming a baby lobster. Lobsters live on the ocean bottom and hide under rocks for protection rather than burying themselves. Their mobility aids feeding and survival. Studies examine how climate change may impact molting patterns and shell strength.
Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, formerly Penaeus vannamei), also known as Pacific white shrimp or King prawn, is a variety of prawn of the eastern Pacific Ocean commonly caught or farmed for food.L. vannamei is a decapod crustacean which is native to the Eastern Pacific Coast of Central and
South America from Tumbes, Peru in the south to Mexico in the north. It has been introduced widely around the world since the 1970s, but especially since 2000, as it has become the principle
cultured shrimp species in Asia. The species itself is not considered a major threat to biodiversity, does not appear to have formed breeding populations, and has generally resulted in positive economic impacts in non-indigenous areas. An examination of current lists of invasive species
published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Invasive Species Specialist Group (IUCN, 2004) revealed no listings for L. vannamei. As mentioned, L. vannamei has been anthropogenically introduced as an aquaculture species to several areas of the world to which it is
not native.
,
Nazmul Haque Syekat
Polychaetes of Gulf of Mannar, South East Coast of Indiaijtsrd
Gulf of Mannar is a suitable environment for the study of Polychaetes with special reference to their systematics, spatial and temporal distribution. It has a number of islands and estuaries and a variety of environments such as, mangroves, coral reefs, pearl oyster beds, sea weed and sea grass beds. Hence, a study was conducted for 2 years by collecting samples from 21 stations covering all the ecologically important locations such as, 13 sea bottoms surrounding the islands, 4 estuaries, 3 intertidal regions, and 1 backwater using standard methods. A total of 49 species were identified, out of which 34 are found to be new records to the area. If we take this and the earlier reports in to consideration the total number comes to 144 species and 33 species up to genus level. This is going to be a new information on the distribution of Polychaetes in the Gulf of Mannar region. S. Lazarus | A. Renu | S. Balasubramanian "Polychaetes of Gulf of Mannar, South East Coast of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33010.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/33010/polychaetes-of-gulf-of-mannar-south-east-coast-of-india/s-lazarus
This document summarizes a study characterizing the algal mats and flora of El-Timsah Lake during spring 2004-2005. Two main types of algal mats were observed - a green mat composed primarily of Cladophora filaments with diatoms, and a black mat composed of Oscillatoria nigroviridis cyanobacteria with diatoms. Physicochemical parameters like temperature, pH, salinity and nutrients supported growth of brackish and eutrophic species. A total of 31 algal taxa from 5 divisions were identified. Formation of the algal mats during late winter-early spring is related to the lake's limnological features, including muddy sediments, brackish
A new species of fish, Acanthoplesiops naka, is described from Tonga. It is distinguished from other species in the genus by having 18 dorsal fin spines, a unique color pattern, and two dorsal fin pterygiophores in the third interneural space. The 9.9 mm specimen was collected from Ofolanga Island in Tonga and is the only known member of the new species. Key distinguishing characteristics are provided to differentiate it from other similar species in the genus.
This document summarizes the rediscovery of the fish species Mastacembelus malabaricus in Kerala, India after over a century. Specimens of M. malabaricus were recently collected from its type locality in the Mananthavady River in Kerala. Analysis of these specimens showed that M. malabaricus has valid differences from related species and should not be considered a synonym. Key distinguishing characteristics of M. malabaricus include having 11 large "X" marks on its sides, 39-40 dorsal spines, a shorter head, shorter dorsal and anal fins, and shorter dorsal and anal spines compared to related species. The rediscovery confirms M. malabaricus as a distinct species found only in the
This document describes a study on the vertical zonation and composition of meiofauna in Rearing Pond 2 of the Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology. Meiofauna samples were collected from four stations at depths of 0-2cm, 2-4cm, 4-6cm, and 6-8cm below the sediment surface using a corer sampler. The samples were fixed with 5% formalin and sieved through 1mm and 250 micron meshes to extract the meiofauna. The goal of the study was to determine the meiofaunal composition and vertical distribution in the pond.
The study identified 12 species of copepods from 4 freshwater lakes in periurban areas near Chennai, India. 8 species of cyclopoid copepods and 4 species of calanoid copepods were found. Diaptomus sicilis, first reported from Madipakkam lake, was the dominant copepod species there. The occurrence of copepods, particularly calanoids, depended on the size of the water body as well as the pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations. Mesocyclops aspericornis, identified as a pollution indicator species, was present in all 4 lakes.
- The document describes a new fish species, Mystus menoni, discovered in the Manimala River in Kerala, India.
- M. menoni is distinguished from related species by features such as maxillary barbels reaching the anal fin, a divided median groove on the head, and coloration patterns.
- Six specimens of the new species were collected from the Elankadu area of the Manimala River and used to describe morphological characteristics. Comparisons are made to related Mystus species to justify classifying M. menoni as a new species.
Investigation of otolith in Priacanthus tayenusin persian gulf and Oman SeaInnspub Net
This study aimed to investigation of otolith in Priacanthus tayenusin Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Sampling lasted from September 2011 to December 2012. During this period 5 samples of Priacanthus tayenus were cut
and studied. Trawling time was 2-2½ hours and trawling depth was considered as 10-100 m daily. Catching and
sampling operations was done within 24 hours. Sampling and catching was done in Khuzestan and Bushehr waters in fall and winter of 2011and since the third week of September 2012 sampling was done in Hormozgan
and Sistan and Baloochestan waters. All thefish were identified and their otolith was extracted to verify them.
Investigation of otolith morphometric characteristics (length, breadth, weight, perimeter and area) were
conducted.
Chapter 3 the status and distribution of freshwater fishes of indo burmaYMCA Mandalay
1,178 fish species in the Indo-Burma region. 151 species from the Salween drainage, 328 from the Mae hlong–Chao Phraya drainages, 500 from the Mekong drainage, 253 from the Red River drainage, 160 from the streams draining the eastern slope of the Annamite range, and 221 from the Malay Peninsula (south of the isthmus of Kra). The Malay Peninsula south of Thailand is excluded, as are those parts of the Salween, Mekong and Red River drainages in China.
Chin State has been characterized among all states and regions of Myanmar as the highest poverty gap ratio, highest occurrence of food deficits, poor road connectivity on steep mountain ridge and narrow valleys, low population density but lowest percent availability of cultivable lands and high percentage of waste and scrub lands, adherence to the shifting cultivation system, lack of rural based industries, and higher rate of out migration.
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This document summarizes a study on the systematic and taxonomic aspects of catfishes found in the Sasthamcottah Lake in Kerala, India. Seven species of catfish from 6 genera were collected from the lake: Horabagrus brachysoma, Mystus oculatus, Ompok malabaricus, Ompok bimaculatus, Wallago attu, Clarias dussumieri, and Heteropneustes fossilis. The study examined morphological characteristics, meristic counts, diversity, and conservation status of the catfish species. Key findings included different colorations observed between seasons, commercial and food importance of some species, and population declines of C. d
This document reports on the discovery of a new species of lamellated pen shell, Atrina lamellata, off the coast of Thoothukudi, India. A single specimen was collected from a depth of 310 meters and identified based on its morphological characteristics. This extends the known distribution of A. lamellata to include the southeast coast of India. Little is known about pen shell populations in this region. This study provides a first documentation and taxonomic identification of A. lamellata in the waters off Thoothukudi.
This document reports on the discovery of a new species of lamellated pen shell, Atrina lamellata, off the coast of Thoothukudi, India. A single specimen was collected from a depth of 310 meters and identified based on its morphological characteristics. This extends the known distribution of A. lamellata to include the southeast coast of India. Little is known about pen shell populations in this region. This study provides a first documentation and taxonomic identification of A. lamellata in the waters off Thoothukudi.
Lan Nguyen Poster for Science Seminar revisedLan Nguyen
- The study examined the relationship between morphology and niche partitioning of fish assemblages in the Tonle Sap Biosphere Reserve in Cambodia. 27 fish species were sampled and 31 morphological features were measured.
- Principal component and cluster analysis revealed relationships between morphological characteristics and habitat/trophic groups, indicating niche partitioning allows coexistence of competing species.
- The high biodiversity of fish in the Tonle Sap is due to seasonal flooding patterns that provide different habitats and allow fish to occupy different ecological niches. Understanding these relationships can help manage fisheries in this important ecosystem.
1. The document describes methods for breeding Asian clams, including heat shock and scraping the gonads. Both methods involve placing clam gonadal material in water and observing development of new clams over 72 hours.
2. The scraping method showed better results, producing more new clams than the heat shock method.
3. After 72 hours, larval stages of new clams could be observed under a microscope, indicating successful breeding using the scraping method.
1. The document discusses how the shape of fish otoliths changes based on the species' environment and swimming behavior. Faster swimming species tend to have more flattened otoliths.
2. Otolith shape also differs based on water depth - deep water species have otoliths adapted for stability in vertical movement while shelf species have otoliths suited for horizontal swimming.
3. Otolith microstructure and shape change throughout a fish's life as it develops and migrates between inshore, offshore and deep water habitats. This reflects adaptations for different swimming speeds and environments over ontogeny.
This document describes a new species of sisorid fish, Glyptothorax elankadensis, found in the Manimala River in Kerala, India. It summarizes the key distinguishing morphological characteristics of G. elankadensis compared to related species. These include having yellow tipped fins, three narrow yellow bands on its body, and distinct coloration patterns. The document provides measurements and counts of the new species' physical features and compares it in detail to two other known Glyptothorax species found in Kerala to justify it as a new species. Samples of the new species were collected and are being housed in the Zoological Survey of India collection.
01. Anguilla anguilla (Eel).pdf. The Asian swamp eel is a facultative air-bre...Saiqa Riaz
Teleost fish, or eels, have longer bodies than other
fish.
• They lack a pelvic girdle and a ventral fin.
• The eel's elongated body shape gives it a narrow
head that aids in hiding in mud, sand, and small
openings.
• They consist of marine morays and freshwater eels.Electric Eels are not true eels, they belong to
order Gymnotiformes.
• There are over 800 species of eels so they are
very diverse.
• Eels do not have pelvic fins. They have
continuous dorsal, anal, and caudal fins.
• The Asian swamp eel is a facultative air-breathing
fish with reduced gills (Damsgaard et al., 2014).
• Eels have a keen sense of smell and have a highly
developed olfactory system.
The document discusses the lobster life cycle in three stages:
1) The first 5-7 years are critical as lobsters are too small to be harvested. Little is known about how long females carry eggs.
2) Eggs develop inside females for 9-12 months before attaching to swimmerets on the tail for another 9-12 months.
3) There is a large time span between an egg forming and becoming a baby lobster. Lobsters live on the ocean bottom and hide under rocks for protection rather than burying themselves. Their mobility aids feeding and survival. Studies examine how climate change may impact molting patterns and shell strength.
Whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei, formerly Penaeus vannamei), also known as Pacific white shrimp or King prawn, is a variety of prawn of the eastern Pacific Ocean commonly caught or farmed for food.L. vannamei is a decapod crustacean which is native to the Eastern Pacific Coast of Central and
South America from Tumbes, Peru in the south to Mexico in the north. It has been introduced widely around the world since the 1970s, but especially since 2000, as it has become the principle
cultured shrimp species in Asia. The species itself is not considered a major threat to biodiversity, does not appear to have formed breeding populations, and has generally resulted in positive economic impacts in non-indigenous areas. An examination of current lists of invasive species
published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Invasive Species Specialist Group (IUCN, 2004) revealed no listings for L. vannamei. As mentioned, L. vannamei has been anthropogenically introduced as an aquaculture species to several areas of the world to which it is
not native.
,
Nazmul Haque Syekat
Polychaetes of Gulf of Mannar, South East Coast of Indiaijtsrd
Gulf of Mannar is a suitable environment for the study of Polychaetes with special reference to their systematics, spatial and temporal distribution. It has a number of islands and estuaries and a variety of environments such as, mangroves, coral reefs, pearl oyster beds, sea weed and sea grass beds. Hence, a study was conducted for 2 years by collecting samples from 21 stations covering all the ecologically important locations such as, 13 sea bottoms surrounding the islands, 4 estuaries, 3 intertidal regions, and 1 backwater using standard methods. A total of 49 species were identified, out of which 34 are found to be new records to the area. If we take this and the earlier reports in to consideration the total number comes to 144 species and 33 species up to genus level. This is going to be a new information on the distribution of Polychaetes in the Gulf of Mannar region. S. Lazarus | A. Renu | S. Balasubramanian "Polychaetes of Gulf of Mannar, South East Coast of India" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-5 , August 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd33010.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/33010/polychaetes-of-gulf-of-mannar-south-east-coast-of-india/s-lazarus
This document summarizes a study characterizing the algal mats and flora of El-Timsah Lake during spring 2004-2005. Two main types of algal mats were observed - a green mat composed primarily of Cladophora filaments with diatoms, and a black mat composed of Oscillatoria nigroviridis cyanobacteria with diatoms. Physicochemical parameters like temperature, pH, salinity and nutrients supported growth of brackish and eutrophic species. A total of 31 algal taxa from 5 divisions were identified. Formation of the algal mats during late winter-early spring is related to the lake's limnological features, including muddy sediments, brackish
A new species of fish, Acanthoplesiops naka, is described from Tonga. It is distinguished from other species in the genus by having 18 dorsal fin spines, a unique color pattern, and two dorsal fin pterygiophores in the third interneural space. The 9.9 mm specimen was collected from Ofolanga Island in Tonga and is the only known member of the new species. Key distinguishing characteristics are provided to differentiate it from other similar species in the genus.
This document summarizes the rediscovery of the fish species Mastacembelus malabaricus in Kerala, India after over a century. Specimens of M. malabaricus were recently collected from its type locality in the Mananthavady River in Kerala. Analysis of these specimens showed that M. malabaricus has valid differences from related species and should not be considered a synonym. Key distinguishing characteristics of M. malabaricus include having 11 large "X" marks on its sides, 39-40 dorsal spines, a shorter head, shorter dorsal and anal fins, and shorter dorsal and anal spines compared to related species. The rediscovery confirms M. malabaricus as a distinct species found only in the
This document describes a study on the vertical zonation and composition of meiofauna in Rearing Pond 2 of the Zamboanga State College of Marine Sciences and Technology. Meiofauna samples were collected from four stations at depths of 0-2cm, 2-4cm, 4-6cm, and 6-8cm below the sediment surface using a corer sampler. The samples were fixed with 5% formalin and sieved through 1mm and 250 micron meshes to extract the meiofauna. The goal of the study was to determine the meiofaunal composition and vertical distribution in the pond.
The study identified 12 species of copepods from 4 freshwater lakes in periurban areas near Chennai, India. 8 species of cyclopoid copepods and 4 species of calanoid copepods were found. Diaptomus sicilis, first reported from Madipakkam lake, was the dominant copepod species there. The occurrence of copepods, particularly calanoids, depended on the size of the water body as well as the pH and dissolved oxygen concentrations. Mesocyclops aspericornis, identified as a pollution indicator species, was present in all 4 lakes.
- The document describes a new fish species, Mystus menoni, discovered in the Manimala River in Kerala, India.
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This study aimed to investigation of otolith in Priacanthus tayenusin Persian Gulf and Oman Sea. Sampling lasted from September 2011 to December 2012. During this period 5 samples of Priacanthus tayenus were cut
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sampling operations was done within 24 hours. Sampling and catching was done in Khuzestan and Bushehr waters in fall and winter of 2011and since the third week of September 2012 sampling was done in Hormozgan
and Sistan and Baloochestan waters. All thefish were identified and their otolith was extracted to verify them.
Investigation of otolith morphometric characteristics (length, breadth, weight, perimeter and area) were
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Chapter 3 the status and distribution of freshwater fishes of indo burmaYMCA Mandalay
1,178 fish species in the Indo-Burma region. 151 species from the Salween drainage, 328 from the Mae hlong–Chao Phraya drainages, 500 from the Mekong drainage, 253 from the Red River drainage, 160 from the streams draining the eastern slope of the Annamite range, and 221 from the Malay Peninsula (south of the isthmus of Kra). The Malay Peninsula south of Thailand is excluded, as are those parts of the Salween, Mekong and Red River drainages in China.
Chin State has been characterized among all states and regions of Myanmar as the highest poverty gap ratio, highest occurrence of food deficits, poor road connectivity on steep mountain ridge and narrow valleys, low population density but lowest percent availability of cultivable lands and high percentage of waste and scrub lands, adherence to the shifting cultivation system, lack of rural based industries, and higher rate of out migration.
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Zo people tend to speculate as to where came from. Some suggest that they are the descendents od the Chinese of the Chin dynasty because they are called Chin by the Burman. Some devoted Christians dreamed of being one of the lost tribes of Israle. The history of the Zo people is very complex because they have many versions of legends and traditions. Their clothing, houses and diet differ from one area to another because of climatic differences within a short distance. The language, through basically similar, has developed into muti-dialects.
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The spiders were obtained in that part of Burma which, before the annexation of the whole country, was termed British Burma, and is now called lower Burma. The collections were chiefly made at Tharrawaddy, a station about 70 miles north of Rangoon, during the year 1884- 87. As to the general character of the Burmese spider- fauna, it can not, in spite of the numerous new genera which at present seem to be confined to Burma, be said to differ essentially from that of the neighboring regions of Southern Asia- Indo- China, India, and Indo- Malaysia. A great many of the Burmese species have a very wide geographical distribution, and some are almost cosmopolitan.
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Jade is the gem name for mineral aggregates composed of either or both of two different minerals, Jadeite and Nephrite. Jadeite is a sodium-rich aluminous pyroxene; nephrite is a fine-grained, calcium-rich, magnesium, iron, aluminous amphibole. All jade is composed of fine-grained, highly intergrown, interlocking crystals of one or both of these minerals. Though neither mineral is very hard (6-7), jade is one of the toughest gem minerals known because of the intergrown nature of the individual crystals.
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As Burmese troops and their allies have progressively seized control of KIA areas, drug production has been increasing. The main opium growing areas in Kachin State are now in Chipwi and Waingmaw townships, under the control of the Burma Army and its local Border Guard Forces led by Zakhung Ting Ying, a National Assembly MP. In northern Shan State, opium is booming in areas under the Burma Army and thirteen government militia forces, four of whose leaders are MPs in the Shan State Assembly. Opium, heroin and methamphetamines are flooding from these government-controlled areas into Kachin communities, worsening existing problems of drug abuse, particularly among youth. It is estimated that about one third of students in Myitkyina and Bhamo universities are injecting drug users.
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The remote and environmentally rich Hugawng valley in Burma's northern Kachin State has been internationally recognized as one of the world's hotspots of biodiversity. Indeed, the military junta ruling Burma, together with the US-based Wildlife Conservation Society, is establishing the world's largest tiger reserve in the valley. However, the conditions of the people living there have not received attention. In Hugawng valley concessions were sold to 8 selected companies and the number of main gold mining sites increased from 14 in 1994 to 31 sites in 2006. The regime's Ministry of Mines collects signing fees for the concessions as well as 35% - 50% tax on annual profits. Additional payments are rendered to the military's top commander for the region, various township and local authorities as well as the Minister of Mines personally. The junta has announced occasional bans on gold mining in Kachin State but as this report shows, these bans are temporary and selective, in effect used to maintain the junta's grip on mining revenues. While the regime, called the State Peace and Development Council or SPDC, has consolidated political and financial control of the valley, it has not enforced its own existing (and very limited) environmental and health regulations on gold mining operations. This lack of regulation has resulted in deforestation, the destruction of river banks, and altering of river flows. Miners have been severely injured or killed by unsafe working practices and the lack of adequate health services. The most dramatic effects of this gold mining boom, however, have been on the social conditions of the local people. The influx of transient populations, together with harsh working conditions, a lack of education opportunities and poverty have led to the expansion of the drug, sex, and gambling industries in Hugawng valley.
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Fields survey of freshwater fishes in upper moei river
1. Biodiversity Journal, 2013, 4 (1): 253-259
Fields survey of freshwater fishes in Upper Moei River, Sal-
ween Basin,frontier of Thailand and Myanmar
Sitthi Kulabtong1*
, Sawika Kunlapapuk2
, Parinya Pawangkanant3
, Chayajit Deekrachang4
,Thiti Ruangsu-
wan4
, Domes Limpivadhana4
, Supapong Patarapongpan4
& Chaiyapat Pramoolpol4
1
Save wildlife volunteer Thailand, Wangnoi District, Ayuttaya Province 13170, Thailand, e-mail: kulabtong2011@hotmail.com
2
Aquatic Animal Production Technology Program, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Agricultural Technology, Silpakorn University,
Phetchaburi IT campus, Petchaburi 76120, Thailand
3
Bansomdejchaopraya Rajabhat University, Bangkok 10600, Thailand
4
Department of Marine science, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand
*
Corresponding author
ABSTRACT
KEY WORDS
Received 13.08.2012; accepted 09.12.2012; printed 30.03.2013
The present paper reports on a field survey in Upper Moei River, at Phop Phra District, Tak
Province, Northwest Thailand, carried out in January and June 2010. Specimens encountered
belong to 5 orders, 8 families and 20 species of freshwater fishes. In particular, Schistura
waltoni, S. vinciguerrae, Lepidocephalichthys micropogon, Neonoemacheilus labeosus and
Gagata dolichonema are new records for Moei River; two species remain not fully identified
and, at the moment are reported as Devario sp. and Channa cf. gachua. The Thai local names
and distribution data of freshwater fishes are provided.
freshwater fishes; Moei River; Salween Basin; Thailand.
INTRODUCTION
Salween River System originates at the Hima-
laya mountain range and flows from the Tibetan
Plateau into the Andaman Sea. It drains a narrow
and mountainous watershed of 324,000 square kilo-
metres that extends into the countries of China,
Burma and Thailand.
In Thailand, Salween Basin has three large tribu-
taries namely Pai River, Suriya - Maekasat River and
Moei River (Vidthayanon et al., 1997). Moei River,
at the frontier between Thailand and Myanmar, Tak
Province, is characterized by its own ecological fea-
tures which differentiate it from the other river sy-
stems of the Indo-Burmese Province. Although it is
certainly of interest, nevertheless is poorly investi-
gated and little is known about freshwater fishes oc-
curring in this area. For this reason, a survey project
on freshwater fishes of the Upper Moei River at Phop
Phra District, Tak Province, Northwest Thailand
(Fig. 3) was carried out in January and June 2010.
We separated this area into 3 regions in accordance
to the ecosystems; namely:
1) Pool of the headwater stream. The average
width of the pool is about 5-10 m, average depth less
than 1 m, the bottom is a combination of clay and
sand, the stream is transparent and running slowly.
2) Small tributary streams, in the foothill. Ave-
rage width is about 5 m or less, depth is less than 1
m, the bottom is sandy, the stream is turbid and run-
ning fast.
3) Main stream of Upper Moei River, at the
frontier of Thailand and Myanmar. Average width
is about 100 m, average depth is about 1-2 m, the
bottom is sandy with clay, the stream is turbid and
running fast.
2. RESULTS
Order CYPRINIFORMES Bleeker, 1859
Family CYPRINIDAE Cuvier, 1817
Devario sp.
DISTRIBUTION. This species (Fig. 3) is known
exclusively from Upper Moei River, Tak Province,
Thailand.
HABITAT. Devario sp. was found in the pool of
the headwater stream.
REMARKS. Body side and all fins of specimens
observed in this study are dark red, which in our
opinion, could be referred to mature males. In Thai-
land, many species of cyprinid fish of the genus De-
vario still have unclear identifications. Although
further studies are certainly needed, nevertheless we
believe this taxon to be different from other Devario
species of Thailand.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla seel bai pai.
Barilius infrafasciatus Fowler, 1934
DISTRIBUTION. This species (Fig. 4) is known
from Chao Phraya River and Mekong basins, Thai-
land.
HABITAT. B. infrafasciatus was found in the
small tributary streams.
REMARKS. While alive, the specimens show
many clearly blue upright strips along the body.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla num murk.
Mystacoleucus argenteus (Day, 1888)
DISTRIBUTION. This species (Fig. 5) is known
only from Salween Basin, frontier of Thailand and
Myanmar; Tenasserim Basin in Myanmar.
HABITAT. M. argenteus was found in headwater
of the main stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla kee yok or Pla num lung.
Pethia stolitzkaenus (Day, 1869)
DISTRIBUTION. This species (Fig. 6) is known
from Meklong River and Chao Phraya River, Thai-
land; Mekong Basin, Thailand and Laos; Salween
Basin, Thailand and Myanmar; Irrawaddy Basin in
Myanmar; Bengal, India.
HABITAT. P. stolitzkaenus was found in the
headwater of the main stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla ma phai.
Systomus orphoides (Valenciennes, 1842)
DISTRIBUTION. This species (Fig. 7) is native
Figures 1, 2. Study area: Upper Moei River, Salween Basin, frontier of Thailand and Myanmar.
S. KULABTONG ET ALII254
4. species from Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia,
Viet Nam, Malaysia and Indonesia; introduced in
Europe and India.
REMARKS. In this study, only one specimen was
found in the pool of the headwater stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla gam chum.
Neolissochilus stracheyi (Day, 1871)
DISTRIBUTION. This species (Fig. 8) is known from
Meklong River, Chao Phraya River, Southeast
Basin and Peninsular Thailand; Mekong Basin in
Thailand, Laos, Cambodia and Viet Nam; Salween
Basin, Thailand and Myanmar.
HABITAT. N. stracheyi was found in the pool of
the headwater stream.
REMARKS. Juveniles show a clearly black blot
on the caudal peduncle which was never observed
in the adults.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla plong.
Family BALITORIDAE Swainson, 1839
Homaloptera bilineata Blyth, 1860
DISTRIBUTION. H. bilineata (Fig. 9) is known
from Himalayan waters, Nepal; India; Tenasserim
Basin, Myanmar; Salween Basin, Thailand and
Myanmar.
HABITAT. In this study, only one specimen of H.
bilineata was found in small tributary stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla jing jok.
Acanthocobitis zonalternans (Blyth, 1860)
DISTRIBUTION. A. zonalternans (Fig. 10) is known
from Manipur, India; Irrawaddy Basin, Chindwin
Basin, Tenasserim Basin, Myanmar; Salween Basin,
Thailand and Myanmar; Mekong Basin and Penin-
sular Thailand; Peninsular Malaysia.
HABITAT. This species was found in the head-
water of the main stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla kor ta narm.
Neonoemacheilus labeosus (Kottelat, 1982)
DISTRIBUTION. In Thailand, N. labeosus (Fig.
11) is recorded only in Salween River at Mae
Sahm Leap, Mae Hong Son Province, Thailand.
New record for Moei River.
HABITAT. In this study, only one specimen was
found in the main stream.
REMARKS. In the genus Neonoemacheilus ex-
ternal characters are similar to those of many
loach-like fishes, i.e. Nemacheilus and Schistura.
But this genus is distinguished from the other ones
by the combination of the following characters: the
upper lip of the mouth is thick and fringed, adult
males show a suborbital flap (Kottelat, 1990).
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla kor.
Schistura waltoni (Fowler, 1937)
DISTRIBUTION. S. waltoni (Fig. 12) is known
from the Upper Chao Phraya River system. New
record for Moei River.
HABITAT. This species was found in the pool of
the headwater stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla kor.
Schistura vinciguerrae (Hora, 1935)
DISTRIBUTION. S. vinciguerrae (Fig. 13) is
known from India; Irrawaddy and Salween basins
in Myanmar and China. In Thailand, this species
was known only in Salween Basin. New record for
Moei River.
HABITAT. This species was found in the pool of
the headwater stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla kor.
Family COBITIDAE Swainson, 1839
Acanthopsoides delphax Siebert, 1991
DISTRIBUTION. This species (Fig. 14) is known
from Mekong, Salween and Chao Phraya basins,
Thailand.
HABITAT. A. delphax was found in the main
stream.
REMARKS. A. delphax is distinguished from A.
gracilentus by the combination of the following
characters: eye almost wholly in posterior half of
the head (in A. gracilentus eye almost wholly in
256 S. KULABTONG ET ALII
6. anterior half of the head), snout long 2 times or less
than head length (in A. gracilentus is short), verte-
bral number is 37 or more (in A. gracilentus is
usually less than 37) (Siebert, 1991).
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla rak kluy kae.
Lepidocephalichthys berdmorei (Blyth, 1860)
DISTRIBUTION. L. berdmorei (Fig. 15) is known
from India; Bangladesh; Myanmar; China; Thai-
land; Laos; Peninsular Malaysia.
HABITAT. This species was found in the pool of
the headwater stream.
REMARKS. Two species of this genus, were
found in the study area. L. berdmorei in the head-
water stream and L. micropogon (Fig. 16) in the
main stream. Although the two species are very
similar, L. berdmorei is distinguished from L. mi-
cropogon by the combination of the following
characters: caudal fin is truncate (in L. micropo-
gon is strongly forked), dorsal-fin origin usually
posterior to pelvic-fin origin (Vidthayanon et al.,
2005).
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla eed.
Lepidocephalichthys micropogon (Blyth, 1860)
DISTRIBUTION. It is known from India, Bangla-
desh and Myanmar; It is a new record for Moei
River.
HABITAT. L. micropogon was found in the main
stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla eed.
Order SILURIFORMES Cuvier, 1817
Family SISORIDAE Bleeker, 1858
Gagata dolichonema He, 1996
DISTRIBUTION. This species is known from
Chindwin Basin, Manipur, India; Irrawaddy Basin,
Tenasserim Basin, Salween Basin in Myanmar; in
Thailand, this species was known only in Salween
Basin and is a new record for Moei River.
HABITAT. G. dolichonema was found in the main
stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla ya kui.
Order BELONIFORMES Berg, 1940
Family BELONIDAE Bonaparte, 1832
Xenentodon cancila (F. Hamilton, 1822)
DISTRIBUTION. X. cancila (Fig. 17) is known
from India Sub-continent to Southeast Asia. Intro-
duced in America.
HABITAT. This species was found in a small tri-
butary of the main stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla kra tung hav.
Order SYNBRANCHIFORMES Bonaparte, 1838
Family MASTACEMBELIDAE Bleeker, 1870
Mastacembelus armatus (Lacepède, 1800)
DISTRIBUTION. M. armatus (Fig. 18) is known
from India Sub-continent to Southeast Asia.
HABITAT. This species was found in the headwater
of the main stream
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla kra ting.
Order PERCIFORMES Bleeker, 1859
Family AMBASSIDAE Bonaparte, 1832
Parambassis vollmeri Roberts, 1994
DISTRIBUTION. This species (Fig. 19) is known
from Salween Basin, Thailand and Myanmar.
HABITAT. P. vollmeri was found in a small tribu-
tary of the main stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla pan ghav.
Family CHANNIDAE Berg, 1940
Channa cf. gachua (Hamilton, 1822)
DISTRIBUTION. C. cf. gachua (Fig. 20) is known
from India Sub-continent to Southeast Asia.
HABITAT. This species was found in the main
stream.
REMARKS. In Thailand, the taxonomic status of
this taxon is still unclear, being reported from time
to time as C. gachua or C. limbata.
258 S. KULABTONG ET ALII
7. THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla gung.
Channa striata (Bloch, 1793)
DISTRIBUTION. C. striata (Fig. 21) is known from
Pakistan, India Sub-continent to Southeast Asia and
China; introduced in Europe, Africa, America, Phi-
lippines, Papua New Guinea and Korea.
HABITAT. This species was found in the main
stream.
THAI LOCAL NAME. Pla chon.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors are grateful to two anonymous
referees for reviewing this manuscript, and to all
rangers of the Namtok Pha Charoen National Park,
Tak Province, Thailand for providing help during
the field survey. A very special thank to Dr. Cha-
valit Vidthayanon, Mr. Chaiwut Grudpan and Mr.
Anuratana tejavej for providing the identification
of some species; and to the Siamensis Team for
helping in collecting the specimens employed in
this study.
REFERENCES
Kottelat M., 1990. Indochinese nemacheilines. A revi-
sion of nemacheiline loaches (Pisces: Cyprinifor-
mes) of Thailand, Burma, Laos, Cambodia and
southern Viet Nam. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Mün-
chen, 262 pp.
Siebert D.J., 1991. Revision of Acanthopsoides Fowler,
1934 (Cypriniformes: Cobitidae), with the descrip-
tion of new species. Japanese Journal of Ichthyology,
38: 97-114.
Vidthayanon C., Karnasuta J. & Nabhitabhata J., 1997.
Diversity of freshwater fishes in Thailand. Office of
Environmental and Planning, Bangkok, 120 pp.
Vidthayanon C., Termvidchakorn A. & Pe M., 2005. In-
land fishes of Myanmar. SoutheastAsian fisheries de-
velopment center, 160 pp.
Fields survey of freshwater fishes in Upper Moei River, Salween Basin, frontier ofThailand and Myanmar 259