Federalism is a system of government where power is shared between central government and individual states or provinces
Federalism has two levels of government:
a. One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a new subject of common national interest.
b. The others are governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state
Democratic Politics Chapter I for grade 10 i hope it is going to be more interesting and easier for the students to learn and revise. I hope students of CBSE schools will benefit across the globe.
Federalism: Meaning and Importance
Quasi-Federalism in India
Unitary and Federal Features in India
Centre-State Relations: Division of Powers
Challenges faced by Indian Federalism
Grade 10th Social Science Civics - Chapter . 2. FederalismNavya Rai
Grade 10th Social Science Civics - Chapter . 2. Federalism
Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.
A federation has two levels of government. Both these levels of governments enjoy their power independent of the other.
One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest.
Governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state.
this is my frist upload , I took help from one of my friend in the slide share to do this ( ONLY INFORMATION ) I have done it not only for my project they become useful for u whenever needed As i did it whit a lot of hardwork
WhatisFederalism? Key Characteristics by Prof. DrAndreas Heinemann-Grüder of University of Bonn / Germany. Presentation for the HSF-PPI Seminar on Understanding Federalism for Media Practitioners.
Democratic Politics Chapter I for grade 10 i hope it is going to be more interesting and easier for the students to learn and revise. I hope students of CBSE schools will benefit across the globe.
Federalism: Meaning and Importance
Quasi-Federalism in India
Unitary and Federal Features in India
Centre-State Relations: Division of Powers
Challenges faced by Indian Federalism
Grade 10th Social Science Civics - Chapter . 2. FederalismNavya Rai
Grade 10th Social Science Civics - Chapter . 2. Federalism
Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and various constituent units of the country.
A federation has two levels of government. Both these levels of governments enjoy their power independent of the other.
One is the government for the entire country that is usually responsible for a few subjects of common national interest.
Governments at the level of provinces or states that look after much of the day-to-day administering of their state.
this is my frist upload , I took help from one of my friend in the slide share to do this ( ONLY INFORMATION ) I have done it not only for my project they become useful for u whenever needed As i did it whit a lot of hardwork
WhatisFederalism? Key Characteristics by Prof. DrAndreas Heinemann-Grüder of University of Bonn / Germany. Presentation for the HSF-PPI Seminar on Understanding Federalism for Media Practitioners.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
4. Unitary government Federal government
There is either only one level of
government or sub-units are
junior to central govt.
Power shared among central
government and state govt.
Central government orders state
or local government
Central government cannot order
state or local government to do
something
5. Federalism has two or more levels of government
Different levels of government governs citizens with its own
power in laws, taxation and administration matter
Constitution sets power of different level of government.
So existence and authority of each level of government is
constitutionally guaranteed
One level of government cannot itself change fundamental
services of constitution. Changes require permissions of both
levels of government
Court has power to interpret (rewrite) constitution and powers
of different levels of government.
Highest court acts as an umpire to resolve disputes between
different levels of government
Sources of economy for each level of government are clearly
defined to avoid financial problem
Federal system has two objectives:
To safeguard and promote unity of country
Accomodate regional diversity
7. All independent states come together to form
bigger unit.
All constituent states have equal power and
strong relation to federal government
This type of federation exists in USA,
Switzerland and Australia
8. Large country divide its power between States
and national government
Central government is more powerful than
States
This type of federation exists in India, Spain
and Belgium
9. India is Union of States. Indian union is based
on principles of federalism
Indian constitution provided three-tier
system of governments- Union or Central
government, State governments, Panchayats
and Municipalities
All these separate tiers enjoy separate
jurisdictions( powers)
Constitution clearly defined distribution of
powers between govt.
10. Union List
It includes defence, foreign affairs, banking,
communications and currency
Uniform policy applied on these matters
throughout country
Union government make laws for matters in
union list
11. State List
It includes police, trade, commerce, agriculture, and
irrigation
State government make laws for matters in state list
Concurrent List
It includes education, forests, trade unions, marriage,
adoption and succession
Both Union as well as State government make laws for
matters in concurrent list
Union government is preferred over State government
during law conflicts
12. Linguistic States
First and major test for democratic politics in India
was Creation of linguistic states
Many old states have vanished and new states have
been created
Areas, boundary and names of the states have been
changed to ensure that people speaking same
language lived in same state
Some states like Nagaland, Uttarakhand and
Jharkhand were created on basis of culture,
ethnicity, or geography
Central government opposed linguistic states for
sometimes but accepted afterwards
Formation of linguistic state made country- More
united, Easier administration
13. Language Policy
Second test for federation is language policy
No language entitled as national language by
constitution
Hindi was identified as official language
Hindi is mother tongue of only 40% Indians
Besides Hindi, there exists 21 other languages
Candidates can give government exams in regional
state languages
Much government work takes place in respective
state language
Flexibility of Indian political leaders helped country
avoid situations that other countries faced
14. Centre-State relations
Restructuring of Centre-State relations made
federalism strong
Sharing of power depends on ruling parties and
leaders
Central government misuse constitution to
dismiss State governments. All these destroying
federalism
In year 1990, many regional political parties
formed in States of country
15. Transfer of power from Central or State
government to local government is called
Decentralisation
This is the reason for decentralisation
(transfer of power from Centre to authority)
of power
16. In 1992, Constitution was changed to make third
tier of government more powerful
It is mandatory to hold regular elections to local
government bodies
Seats are reserved for Scheduled Caste,
Scheduled Tribes and Other Backward Classes
At Least one-third of all positions are reserved
for women
State Election Commission has been formed to
conduct panchayat and municipal elections
State government shares more power and
revenue with local government bodies