1. The document summarizes the findings of an OECD report that assessed foreign direct investment (FDI) in Ireland.
2. It found that FDI has been a major driver of Ireland's economic growth and integration into global supply chains. However, Ireland's FDI is highly concentrated in a few sectors and origins like the US.
3. The report also examined spillovers from foreign firms to domestic Irish firms and found gaps in capabilities between them, though labor mobility provides some knowledge transfer.
To what extent does Finland’s regulatory landscape facilitate or discourage foreign investment? Which policy considerations can contribute to attracting new international investments to Finland and retaining existing ones? This presentation details the main findings in from an OECD report on The Impact of Regulation on International Investment in Finland. Find out more at https://www.oecd.org/investment/the-impact-of-regulation-on-international-investment-in-finland-b1bf8bee-en.htm
This presentation shows the main findings from an OECD publication that takes stock of investment policy trends and reforms in Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, the Palestinian Authority, and Tunisia, and draws out common challenges, offering suggestions of reform priorities. Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/investment/middle-east-and-north-africa-investment-policy-perspectives-6d84ee94-en.htm
To what extent does Finland’s regulatory landscape facilitate or discourage foreign investment? Which policy considerations can contribute to attracting new international investments to Finland and retaining existing ones? This presentation details the main findings in from an OECD report on The Impact of Regulation on International Investment in Finland. Find out more at https://www.oecd.org/investment/the-impact-of-regulation-on-international-investment-in-finland-b1bf8bee-en.htm
This presentation shows the main findings from an OECD publication that takes stock of investment policy trends and reforms in Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, the Palestinian Authority, and Tunisia, and draws out common challenges, offering suggestions of reform priorities. Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/investment/middle-east-and-north-africa-investment-policy-perspectives-6d84ee94-en.htm
Economic Brief - Innovation and Productivity North Africa 2014Dr Lendy Spires
This article highlights the key determinants of innovation and their impact on the performance of firms in three North African countries (Algeria, Egypt and Morocco) on the basis of World Bank survey data on the investment climate. Initially, our econometric approach consists of estimating the impact of the traditional determinants of innovation by underscoring the critical role played by human capital in technological ownership and absorption. We then estimate the relationship between innovation and productivity taking into account certain characteristics of the investment climate and the quality of infrastructure and public services.
The main results suggest that, in North African countries, innovation is far from being the result of R&D and new technology creating activities alone. It also occurs by the adoption and adaptation of technologies created elsewhere through learning and assimilation-related mechanisms requiring more highly qualified human capital and improvement of the investment climate. We have also shown the weakness of the effect of technological externalities generated by export and foreign investment activities on innovation potential. The rigid structure of comparative advantages and the concentration of exports and FDI in activities with limited value addition which are poorly integrated in the local economy generate few upstream-downstream externalities.
Key Messages
• In North Africa, especially in Morocco and Egypt, the impact of qualified human resources on innovation incentives and productivity levels is insignificant. This points to the under-utilization and inefficient allocation of capital in these countries. • The impact of exports on innovation is insignificant, mainly as a result of the rigid structure of comparative advantages in these countries and the concentration of exports in sectors with little value addition and limited technological potential, particularly in the case of Morocco.
• To foster innovation and stimulate productivity, special attention should be paid to certain aspects of the national innovation system. The recommendations of this note are as follows: • Strengthen governance of the national innovation system;
• Stimulate the research and corporate environment with a view to decompartmentalizing the two spheres and ensuring more efficient and effective interfacing;
• Build support for the higher education system and vocational training in order to enhance human resource competencies to obtain a better contribution to the production and innovation processes;
• Create more advantageous incentive programmes for innovative FDI with higher value-addition, which is sufficiently well integrated upstream and downstream of the local economy; and
• Establish mechanisms for contractualization, supported by the State in the area of science and technology between the research centres, universities, potentially innovative local firms and foreign companies wishing to relocat
Peter J Buckley's presentation at the FDI Statistics Workshop (20 March 2014) during the session on whether or not FDI statisics are still a useful metric when measuring investment globalisation.
Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/measuring-globalisation-fdi-statistics-workshop-2014.htm
Global value chains can contribute to productive
capacity development through several
mechanisms, including technology dissemination
and skills and knowledge development. They
can also open up opportunities for longer-term
industrial upgrading, especially in coordination
with other policy areas such as science, technology
and innovation policies that support technological
learning and boost competitiveness.
Our management team is considering investing in a foreign country and has requested a report regarding the attractiveness of alternative countries based on the potential return of FDI.
Are you graduating soon?
looking for a Job?
Want to get job hunt?
Want to start a business?
Do you have Entrepreneurial spirit?
And finally, are you in Turkey and want to do something?
Do not start anything before reading this presentation!
Live performance of this presentation is in https://youtu.be/qkYh-8HCKBs
A strong corporate governance framework is essential for MENA economies as they strive to boost economic growth, strengthen competitiveness and build prosperous societies. The G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises are a reference in order to build such a framework. This report assesses the corporate governance landscape in the MENA region by identifying challenges and proposing policy options for reform. The findings of the report are based on an analysis of policies and practices in four thematic areas: boosting access to finance and capital markets, improving transparency and disclosure, achieving gender balance in corporate leadership and enhancing the governance of state-owned enterprises in MENA. Overall, the report finds that MENA economies have made progress in strengthening corporate governance frameworks in recent years, but that the region still faces challenges in adopting and implementing corporate governance measures that support economic efficiency, sustainable growth and financial stability.
This presentation looks FDI inflow and outflows for Canada. The focus is on key areas like supply chain, raw materials and manufacturing.
The major area of outflow from Canada has been the financial service sector.
Investing in Ireland: A survey of foreign direct investorsMatheson Law Firm
Investing in Ireland: A survey of foreign direct investors is an Economist Intelligence Unit report sponsored by Matheson Ormsby Prentice. It examines the main factors that bring foreign direct investment to Ireland and the main ongoing challenges in attracting investment. Ronan Lyons was the report author. Aviva Freudmann and Jason Sumner were the editors.
Economic Brief - Innovation and Productivity North Africa 2014Dr Lendy Spires
This article highlights the key determinants of innovation and their impact on the performance of firms in three North African countries (Algeria, Egypt and Morocco) on the basis of World Bank survey data on the investment climate. Initially, our econometric approach consists of estimating the impact of the traditional determinants of innovation by underscoring the critical role played by human capital in technological ownership and absorption. We then estimate the relationship between innovation and productivity taking into account certain characteristics of the investment climate and the quality of infrastructure and public services.
The main results suggest that, in North African countries, innovation is far from being the result of R&D and new technology creating activities alone. It also occurs by the adoption and adaptation of technologies created elsewhere through learning and assimilation-related mechanisms requiring more highly qualified human capital and improvement of the investment climate. We have also shown the weakness of the effect of technological externalities generated by export and foreign investment activities on innovation potential. The rigid structure of comparative advantages and the concentration of exports and FDI in activities with limited value addition which are poorly integrated in the local economy generate few upstream-downstream externalities.
Key Messages
• In North Africa, especially in Morocco and Egypt, the impact of qualified human resources on innovation incentives and productivity levels is insignificant. This points to the under-utilization and inefficient allocation of capital in these countries. • The impact of exports on innovation is insignificant, mainly as a result of the rigid structure of comparative advantages in these countries and the concentration of exports in sectors with little value addition and limited technological potential, particularly in the case of Morocco.
• To foster innovation and stimulate productivity, special attention should be paid to certain aspects of the national innovation system. The recommendations of this note are as follows: • Strengthen governance of the national innovation system;
• Stimulate the research and corporate environment with a view to decompartmentalizing the two spheres and ensuring more efficient and effective interfacing;
• Build support for the higher education system and vocational training in order to enhance human resource competencies to obtain a better contribution to the production and innovation processes;
• Create more advantageous incentive programmes for innovative FDI with higher value-addition, which is sufficiently well integrated upstream and downstream of the local economy; and
• Establish mechanisms for contractualization, supported by the State in the area of science and technology between the research centres, universities, potentially innovative local firms and foreign companies wishing to relocat
Peter J Buckley's presentation at the FDI Statistics Workshop (20 March 2014) during the session on whether or not FDI statisics are still a useful metric when measuring investment globalisation.
Find out more at http://www.oecd.org/daf/inv/measuring-globalisation-fdi-statistics-workshop-2014.htm
Global value chains can contribute to productive
capacity development through several
mechanisms, including technology dissemination
and skills and knowledge development. They
can also open up opportunities for longer-term
industrial upgrading, especially in coordination
with other policy areas such as science, technology
and innovation policies that support technological
learning and boost competitiveness.
Our management team is considering investing in a foreign country and has requested a report regarding the attractiveness of alternative countries based on the potential return of FDI.
Are you graduating soon?
looking for a Job?
Want to get job hunt?
Want to start a business?
Do you have Entrepreneurial spirit?
And finally, are you in Turkey and want to do something?
Do not start anything before reading this presentation!
Live performance of this presentation is in https://youtu.be/qkYh-8HCKBs
A strong corporate governance framework is essential for MENA economies as they strive to boost economic growth, strengthen competitiveness and build prosperous societies. The G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and the OECD Guidelines on Corporate Governance of State-Owned Enterprises are a reference in order to build such a framework. This report assesses the corporate governance landscape in the MENA region by identifying challenges and proposing policy options for reform. The findings of the report are based on an analysis of policies and practices in four thematic areas: boosting access to finance and capital markets, improving transparency and disclosure, achieving gender balance in corporate leadership and enhancing the governance of state-owned enterprises in MENA. Overall, the report finds that MENA economies have made progress in strengthening corporate governance frameworks in recent years, but that the region still faces challenges in adopting and implementing corporate governance measures that support economic efficiency, sustainable growth and financial stability.
This presentation looks FDI inflow and outflows for Canada. The focus is on key areas like supply chain, raw materials and manufacturing.
The major area of outflow from Canada has been the financial service sector.
Investing in Ireland: A survey of foreign direct investorsMatheson Law Firm
Investing in Ireland: A survey of foreign direct investors is an Economist Intelligence Unit report sponsored by Matheson Ormsby Prentice. It examines the main factors that bring foreign direct investment to Ireland and the main ongoing challenges in attracting investment. Ronan Lyons was the report author. Aviva Freudmann and Jason Sumner were the editors.
On 18 April 2018, Iulia Siedschlag presented at the 2nd Ministerial Summit on Productivity organised by the OECD, the World Bank and the Ministry of Foreign Trade of Costa Rica.
Model Limitations: Models used to evaluate market efficiency may have limitations or assumptions that don't accurately reflect real-world conditions, affecting portfolio construction decisions.
These challenges influence investment decisions by prompting investors to:
Seek out undervalued assets or market inefficiencies to exploit for potential profits.
Evaluate the reliability and relevance of available information to make informed investment decisions.
Consider transaction costs and liquidity constraints when constructing portfolios to optimize returns.
Adjust portfolio strategies based on changing market conditions and new information.
Diversify holdings to mitigate risks associated with market inefficiencies and uncertainties.
Foreign Direct Investments into UkraineEasyBusiness
Foreign direct investment as one of the main vehicles of development and globalization in the
World economy is a complex phenomenon.
Most common definition used in the modern economic theory states that Foreign Direct
Investment (FDI) – “is acquisition of at least ten percent of the ordinary shares or voting power
in a public or private enterprise by nonresident investors. Direct investment involves a lasting
interest in the management of an enterprise and includes reinvestment of profits.”1
It is important to understand that FDI is not just the flow of capital between economies but also
a flow of technologies, management practices and established customer/supplier bases.
Usually FDI has a spillover effect for the host economy when management practices and
technologies are propagated from the initial target company to other companies in the region.
This propagation is achieved through moving labor force, reverse-engineering and intensified
competition.
FDI is crucial for Developing and Transition economies not just because they suffer from the
lack of capital but because they don’t have access to new technologies and their managerial
and business techniques are outdated.
Different countries have achieved different results in their ability to attract FDI. In order to
analyze reasons driving country specific performance it is important to look at the following
issues:
- Dynamics and trends of global FDI flows
- General investment climate in a given country
- Industry specific opportunities provided by current situation in the host economy
This framework is used to analyze Ukraine’s competitive positioning to attract foreign direct
investment.
Ireland Q3 update. Solid GDP growth, strong FDI flows, rising employment & strong export growth. Some of the reasons Ireland is a great place to do business. www.idaireland.com for further information.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online
Senior Research Officer, Conor O'Toole; Research Professor, Kieran McQuinn; and Associate Research Professor, Adele Bergin presented an overview of the Quarterly Economic Commentary, Autumn 2020 to the media on Wednesday, 7 October 2020 ahead of the document's publication on Thursday, 8 October 2020..
Read the Quarterly Economic Commentary, Autumn 2020 on the ESRI website: https://www.esri.ie/publications/quarterly-economic-commentary-autumn-2020
A video of the presentation can be viewed here:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tGfSllDvmvg
Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in BangladeshTAREK MAHMUD
This is the presentation slide of foreign direct investment of Bangladesh and world perspective. Here you will find the detail Definition, Objectives, Motives, Types, Strategies, Theories of FDI with example. You will also find the recent fact and figure of FDI on Bangladesh perspective and world perspective.
This presentation by Morris Kleiner (University of Minnesota), was made during the discussion “Competition and Regulation in Professions and Occupations” held at the Working Party No. 2 on Competition and Regulation on 10 June 2024. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/crps.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation comprises highlights from the publication OECD Competition Trends 2024 published in Paris on 6 March 2024 during the OECD Competition Open Day. The full publication can be accessed at oe.cd/comp-trends.
This presentation by Cristina Camacho, Head of Cabinet and Head of International Relations, Portuguese Competition Authority, was made during the discussion “Use of Economic Evidence in Cartel Cases” held at the 22nd meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/egci.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by William E. Kovacic, Global Competition Professor of Law and Policy and Director, Competition Law Center, The George Washington University, was made during the discussion “Ex-post Assessment of Merger Remedies” held at the 22nd meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/eamr.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by John E. Kwoka, Neal F. Finnegan Distinguished Professor of Economics, Northeastern University, was made during the discussion “Ex-post Assessment of Merger Remedies” held at the 22nd meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/eamr.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Amelia Fletcher CBE, Professor of Competition Policy, University of East Anglia, was made during the discussion “Ex-post Assessment of Merger Remedies” held at the 22nd meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/eamr.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by the OECD Secretariat was made during the discussion “Ex-post Assessment of Merger Remedies” held at the 22nd meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/eamr.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by John Davies, Member, UK Competition Appeal Tribunal, was made during the discussion “Use of Economic Evidence in Cartel Cases” held at the 22nd meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/egci.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Simon Roberts, Professor, Centre for Competition, Regulation and Economic Development, University of Johannesburg, was made during the discussion “Use of Economic Evidence in Cartel Cases” held at the 22nd meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 8 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/egci.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Serbia was made during the discussion “Alternatives to Leniency Programmes” held at the 22nd meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 7 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/atlp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Italy was made during the discussion “Alternatives to Leniency Programmes” held at the 22nd meeting of the OECD Global Forum on Competition on 7 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/atlp.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Daniel CRANE, Richard W. Pogue Professor of Law, University of Michigan, was made during the discussion “Out-of-Market Efficiencies in Competition Enforcement” held at the 141st meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 6 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/omee.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by John DAVIES, Member, Competition Appeal Tribunal UK, was made during the discussion “Out-of-Market Efficiencies in Competition Enforcement” held at the 141st meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 6 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/omee.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Nancy ROSE, Head of the Department of Economics and Charles P. Kindleberger Professor of Applied Economics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), was made during the discussion “Out-of-Market Efficiencies in Competition Enforcement” held at the 141st meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 6 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/omee.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Nicole ROSENBOOM, Principal, Oxera Consulting LLP, was made during the discussion “Out-of-Market Efficiencies in Competition Enforcement” held at the 141st meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 6 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/omee.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Anna TZANAKI, Lecturer in Law, University of Leeds, was made during the discussion “Serial Acquisitions and Industry Roll-ups” held at the 141st meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 6 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/sair.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Sha'ista GOGA, Director, Acacia Economics, was made during the discussion “Serial Acquisitions and Industry Roll-ups” held at the 141st meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 6 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/sair.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Ioannis KOKKORIS, Chair in Competition Law and Economics and Director, Centre for Commercial Law Studies, Queen Mary University of London, was made during the discussion “Serial Acquisitions and Industry Roll-ups” held at the 141st meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 6 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/sair.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by the OECD Secretariat was made during the discussion “Serial Acquisitions and Industry Roll-ups” held at the 141st meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 6 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/sair.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
This presentation by Simonetta VEZZOSO, Associate Professor, Economics Department, University of Trento, was made during the discussion “Competition and Innovation - The Role of Innovation in Enforcement Cases” held at the 141st meeting of the OECD Competition Committee on 5 December 2023. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/rbci.
This presentation was uploaded with the author’s consent.
More from OECD Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs (20)
What is the point of small housing associations.pptxPaul Smith
Given the small scale of housing associations and their relative high cost per home what is the point of them and how do we justify their continued existance
ZGB - The Role of Generative AI in Government transformation.pdfSaeed Al Dhaheri
This keynote was presented during the the 7th edition of the UAE Hackathon 2024. It highlights the role of AI and Generative AI in addressing government transformation to achieve zero government bureaucracy
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
Understanding the Challenges of Street ChildrenSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Canadian Immigration Tracker March 2024 - Key SlidesAndrew Griffith
Highlights
Permanent Residents decrease along with percentage of TR2PR decline to 52 percent of all Permanent Residents.
March asylum claim data not issued as of May 27 (unusually late). Irregular arrivals remain very small.
Study permit applications experiencing sharp decrease as a result of announced caps over 50 percent compared to February.
Citizenship numbers remain stable.
Slide 3 has the overall numbers and change.
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Russian anarchist and anti-war movement in the third year of full-scale warAntti Rautiainen
Anarchist group ANA Regensburg hosted my online-presentation on 16th of May 2024, in which I discussed tactics of anti-war activism in Russia, and reasons why the anti-war movement has not been able to make an impact to change the course of events yet. Cases of anarchists repressed for anti-war activities are presented, as well as strategies of support for political prisoners, and modest successes in supporting their struggles.
Thumbnail picture is by MediaZona, you may read their report on anti-war arson attacks in Russia here: https://en.zona.media/article/2022/10/13/burn-map
Links:
Autonomous Action
http://Avtonom.org
Anarchist Black Cross Moscow
http://Avtonom.org/abc
Solidarity Zone
https://t.me/solidarity_zone
Memorial
https://memopzk.org/, https://t.me/pzk_memorial
OVD-Info
https://en.ovdinfo.org/antiwar-ovd-info-guide
RosUznik
https://rosuznik.org/
Uznik Online
http://uznikonline.tilda.ws/
Russian Reader
https://therussianreader.com/
ABC Irkutsk
https://abc38.noblogs.org/
Send mail to prisoners from abroad:
http://Prisonmail.online
YouTube: https://youtu.be/c5nSOdU48O8
Spotify: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/libertarianlifecoach/episodes/Russian-anarchist-and-anti-war-movement-in-the-third-year-of-full-scale-war-e2k8ai4
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
FDI Qualities Assessment of Ireland - Key Findings
1. FDI QUALITIES
ASSESSMENT OF IRELAND
MAIN FINDINGS
Virtual launch of the report, 19 January 2021
Martin Wermelinger, OECD Investment Division
2. • Under the right conditions, FDI can raise productivity, integration
in GVCs, transfer knowledge and technology, and improve living
standards [and foster gender equality, low carbon transition]
OECD FDI Qualities initiative
• Report examines the direct contribution and spillover potential of
FDI on the Irish economy
OECD FDI Qualities Assessment of Ireland
• Report supported the development of IDA’s new strategy
IDA Ireland’s Driving Recovery & Sustainable Growth Strategy: 2021-2024
Context
2
3. • Growth driver – Analysis pre-dates COVID-19 but shows that FDI was key for
Ireland to recover from another big economic crisis – “great recession” of 2007-
2009
• Resilience – IDA results show that sectors in which IDA-supported foreign firms
are concentrated exhibited remarkable resilience in 2020 (e.g. medical goods, IT
services, finance and insurance)
• Promotion and policy – Success is result of FDI targeting by IDA – but also due to
coordination with other agencies (e.g. Science Foundation Ireland, Enterprise
Ireland), supportive government policy, actions of other stakeholders (e.g.
investors).
3
Key takeaways (1)
4. • Globalisation – Ireland is one of the most open economies and FDI base deeply
integrates Ireland’s economy in GVCs
• Productivity frontier – Sectors in which IDA supported firms are concentrated
exhibited rapid growth and are associated with higher productivity, R&D
expenditures and wages
• Concentration – Diversification of FDI is limited both in terms of sectors
(manufacturing, information and communications and finance and insurance),
origins (US) and sub-national regions (Dublin) – could expose economy to
macroeconomic risks
• Spillovers – Buy/supply linkages in line with other small, open economies;
extensive labour mobility; remaining gaps with domestics firms across regions
4
Key takeaways (2)
5. 1. ROLE OF FDI IN TRADE AND
INTEGRATION IN GVCS
5
6. Positive relationship between export orientation,
GVC integration, and presence of MNEs
– Indicates MNEs can facilitate a country’s
integration in GVCs
1. Export orientation (share of domestic VA that
is exported)
– Ireland is 2nd in OECD
2. GVC integration (foreign VA embodied in a
country’s exports)
– Foreign VA in Irish exports is relatively high
at nearly 50% i.e. backward linkages
3. Presence of MNEs (share of VA accounted for
by foreign MNEs in national GDP)
– Ireland highest in OECD
FDI plays an important role in Ireland’s GVC
integration
Source: OECD TiVA database and Activities of MNEs database; reference year 2014
6
7. • Foreign affiliates accounted for growing trade surplus and enabled GVC integration
following the 2008 crisis
– Foreign firms’ exports of value added increased to 39% of GDP by 2015, up from 23% in 2008 –
OECD experienced retrenchment in GVCs
– Exports concentrated and expanding in FDI dominated sectors (e.g. chemicals, medical device;
information and communications - e.g. publishing, IT services; and finance and insurance)
• FDI operations in Ireland positioned at the end of supply chains (e.g. marketing,
distribution, after-sales services, publishing)
– High share of final goods exports
– Share of value added at customer end of GVCs is growing, supporting high-paying jobs in Ireland
• Highly concentrated FDI in terms of origins
– FDI dominated by investors from the US (70% of total in 2017)
7
Some more highlights…
8. 8
Profits make a significant contribution to foreign
affiliates’ value added
Exports of value added
For foreign firms, exported value added broken down into labour compensation and profits
• High profits can be due to:
• MNEs shifting intangible
assets to Ireland
• “End of value chain
services” are profitable
• Profits of foreign investors
may not stay in Ireland:
• Efforts for re-investment
and expansion of
investments are
important
9. 2. FDI DIRECT CONTRIBUTIONS TO
PRODUCTION, INNOVATION AND
EMPLOYMENT
9
10. • Foreign firms account for 60% of VA (1st
in EU), but only 18% of employment
– FDI is driving labour productivity (11%
annual growth over 2006-16)
– Expansion in Information and
Communication, Manufacturing,
Finance and Insurance (>50% of
GDP from these sectors)
– Shift away from physical production in
manufacturing
– Significant FDI concentration in
Dublin (40% of VA and employment in
2016)
• Foreign affiliates helped recover from
great recession:
– Initial evidence points to similar
pattern during COVID-19 crisis.
10
Foreign firms are driving value added and labour
productivity in Ireland
Share of national total, 2015
11. • FDI in Ireland is concentrated in sectors* with
– higher productivity,
– higher business expenditure on R&D, and
– with better employment outcomes (i.e. employment growth, wages/skills)
• 80% of all patents* granted in Ireland were to foreign affiliates
– Foreign firms account for the majority of R&D spending, but a smaller %
invest in R&D
• Continued promotion of technology-intensive activities likely to
be successful
FDI in Ireland concentrated in a few, high-performing
sectors
11
* Reference year = 2016
12. • Ireland attracted investments by companies
operating at the global productivity frontier
• Among foreign firms there are substantial
differences, and the distance appears to be
widening
• Firms at or above the 95th percentile are the
national frontier
• Difficult to assess if the Irish affiliates of the
global frontier MNEs are on the global frontier
themselves (would demand internationally
harmonised data)
Productivity dynamics of foreign affiliates: Are all
foreign firms the same?
Selected percentiles of labour productivity
Source: Authors’ calculations on ABSEI data
12
13. MNE productivity dynamics: key results from
transition matrices (2006-16)
• In Manufacturing, best performers remain at the top of the productivity distribution, with
highest share of jobs overall
– Exits more than entrants support dynamism, with exits concentrated in lower productivity segments
• In Information and Communication, best performers at the top also supported high shares
of jobs
– But more dynamism in other segments – 55% of lower productivity affiliates moving up the productivity
ladder; and entrants provide important contribution to aggregate productivity growth and jobs
• Best performers are exporting more, have higher investments in R&D and pay higher
salaries
• The MNE sector in Ireland is less dynamic (i.e. less churn) compared to international
evidence, due to lower exit rates and high resilience at the top
13
14. 3. FACTORS DRIVING SPILLOVERS
FROM FOREIGN AFFILIATES TO
DOMESTIC FIRMS
14
15. • Capabilities gap between Irish firms and foreign MNEs: Performance gap
between Irish firms and foreign MNEs provides an indication of the ability of
domestic firms to adopt foreign technology and benefit from positive FDI
spillovers
• Extent of domestic business linkages: Buy and sell linkages with foreign MNEs
can increase domestic firms’ productivity
– By enabling domestic firms to reduce costs, innovate, etc.
– Potential to increase domestic firms’ participation in GVCs through indirect exporting
• Relevance of labour mobility: when workers move from foreign affiliates to
domestic firms, they might bring knowledge that can enhance the domestic firms’
performance 15
Assessing the potential for indirect impacts or spill-
overs from foreign MNEs to the Irish economy
16. 16
The capabilities gap between foreign MNEs and Irish firms is
considerable in some sectors
A value of the indicator above 0 means that foreign firms
outperform domestic firms in a given metric (e.g.
productivity) in a specific sector, and vice versa.
Bars with ‘red’ borders indicate that domestic value
added in those sectors is low, i.e. the size of the domestic
sector is small.
Bars with ‘yellow’ borders indicate that foreign value
added in those sectors is low.
Agriculture, mining, construction, energy, miscellaneous
manufacturing and financial services are excluded.
+ Regional differences (not in
figure):
Gap in absorptive capacities is
highest in South & East
Source: OECD FDI Qualities Indicators, based on IDA’s Annual Business Survey
17. 17
Buy linkages are less relevant than in other OECD countries
• Foreign affiliates in Ireland source
less locally and their local sourcing
benefits fewer domestic companies
compared to other OECD countries
• Similar to other small open
economies, such as Luxembourg,
Belgium and the Netherlands
• Market size plays an important role
(i.e. smaller market for inputs)
• Declining shares and absolute values
of domestic sourcing over 2008-16
(reverse trend since then)
Sourcing structure and value added of foreign affiliates, 2016
18. • Between 2009 and 2015, more than one out of every four
employees at foreign firms either moved to a domestic firm or
became self-employed.
• More than one in three start up founders previously worked at a
foreign firm.
• Labour mobility within Ireland is also very likely among highly skilled
researchers that have been associated with patents in Ireland. One
out of two inventors changed employer at least once over 2006-16;
most inventors are based in foreign MNEs
18
Labour mobility from foreign MNEs to Irish companies
is significant
19. 19
Thank you
Martin Wermelinger, Project Manager,
FDI Qualities,
Martin.Wermelinger@oecd.org
Letizia Montinari, Economist, FDI
Qualities,
Letizia.Montinary@oecd.org
For further informationContacts
Policy Framework for Investment
www.oecd.org/investment/pfi.htm
Investment Policy Reviews
www.oecd.org/investment/countryreviews.htm
FDI Qualities
www.oecd.org/investment/fdi-qualities-indicators.htm
Investment Promotion and Facilitation
www.oecd.org/investment/investment-promotion-and-facilitation.htm
20. • We combined a wide range of data sources for this study
• OECD has been improving statistical tools to analyse trade and investment
in global value chains (GVCs)
– Integration of FDI income into Trade in Value Added
– Recent development of the OECD Analytical AMNE Database
• We analysed IDAABSEI and Employment Survey data
• We also complemented the analysis with other FDI and trade related
datasets
Challenging to perfectly align industry classifications and time coverage
A word on the statistics and data sources
20