Tropical rainforests are home to over half of the world's species and play an important role in regulating global weather and storing carbon. They are under threat from deforestation and habitat loss. The document describes several species found in tropical rainforests, including the golden lion tamarin monkey, jaguar big cat, capybara rodent, poison dart frogs, and monarch butterfly. It also discusses tropical rainforest plants such as the Asai palm fruit, hardwood Tabebuia tree, carnivorous pitcher plants, orchid flowers, and water-holding bromeliad plants.

1. By Javier, Pablo, Isabel, Claudia and Sofía

2. Index:
 1.What´s a tropical rainforest?
 2. Fauna of a tropical rainforest
-1.1. Golden lion tamarin
-1.2. Jaguar
-1.3. Capybara
-1.4.Poison dart frogs
-1.5. Monarch Butterfly
 3. Vegetation of the tropical rainforest
-2.1. Asai
-2.2. Tabebuia serratifolia
-2.3 Carniverous Plants
-2.4 Orchids
-2.5. Bromeliads

3. 1. What´s a tropical rainforest?
Tropical rainforests
are a world like none
other; and their
importance to the
global ecosystem and
human existence is
paramount.

4.  In terms of their biological
diversity, tropical rainforests are
a natural reservoir of genetic
diversity which offers a rich
source of medicinal
plants, high-yield foods, and a
myriad of other useful forest
products. They are an
important habitat for migratory
animals and sustain as much
as 50 percent of the species on
Earth, as well as a number of
diverse and unique indigenous
cultures.

5.  Tropical rainforests play
an elemental role in
regulating global
weather in addition to
maintaining regular
rainfall, while buffering
against
floods, droughts, and
erosion. They store vast
quantities of
carbon, while producing
a significant amount of
the world's oxygen.

6.  Today, more than two-thirds of the world's tropical
rainforests exist as fragmented remnants. Just a few
thousand years ago, tropical rainforests covered as
much as 12 percent of the Earth's land surface, but
today less than 5 percent of Earth's land is covered
with these forests.

7. 2. Fauna of a tropical rainforest
More than half of the
world's species of animals
are found in the
rainforest.
Many rainforest species
are rapidly disappearing
due to
deforestation, habitat loss
and pollution of the
atmosphere.

8. 1.1 Golden Lion Tamarin
 It´s a small New World
monkey of the family
Callitrichidae.
 It gets its name from its
bright reddish orange
pelage and the extra long
airs around the face ears
which give it distinctive
name.
 Its original habitat is Brazil.
 They are social and groups
typically consist of 2-8
members

9. 1.2 Jaguar
 Panthera is a genus of the family
Felidae (cats), which contains four
well-known living species: the
tiger, the lion, the jaguar, and the
leopard.
 Is a big cat, a feline in the Panthera
genus, and is the only Panthera
species found in the Americas.
 The jaguar is the third-largest feline
after the tiger and the lion, and the
largest in the Western Hemisphere.
 A study based on mitochondrial
genomes suggests that the about 11.3
million years ago Panthera separated
from other felid species and then
evolved into the several species of the
genus.

10. 1.3 Capybara
 Capybaras have heavy, barrel-
shaped bodies and short heads with
reddish-brown fur on the upper part
of their body that turns yellowish-
brown underneath.
 Is the largest extant rodent in the
world.
 It is a highly social species and can
be found in groups as large as 100
individuals, but usually lives in
groups of 10–20 individuals.
 The capybara is not a threatened
species, though it is hunted for its
meat and skin.

11. 1.4 Poison Dart Frog
 Is the common name of a
group of frogs in the family
Dendrobatidae which are
native to Central and South
America.
 These species are diurnal
and often have brightly-
colored bodies. Although all
wild dendrobatids are at least
somewhat toxic
 Levels of toxicity vary
considerably from one
species to the next and from
one population to another.

12. 1.5 Monarch Butterfly
 It is perhaps the best known of
all North American butterflies.
 Since the 19th century, it has
been found in New Zealand, and
in Australia since 1871 where it
is called the Wanderer.
 It is resident in the Canary
Islands, the Azores, and
Madeira, and is found as an
occasional migrant in Western
Europe and a rare migrant in the
United Kingdom.

13. 2. Vegetation of tropical rainforest
More than two thirds of the world's
plant species are found in the tropical
rainforests: plants that provide shelter
and food for rainforest animals as well
as taking part in the gas exchanges
which provide much of the world's
oxygen supply.
Rainforest plants live in a warm humid
environment that allows an enormous
variation rare in more temperate
climates: some like the orchids have
beautiful flowers adapted to attract the
profusion of forest insects.

14. 2.1. Asai: The prodigy fruit
 Cientific Name: Euterpe Oleracea
 Common names: Asaí, Acaí, Acay
 Usable parts: Fruit
 What is it?
-Is the palm tree´s fruit in the
rainforest of the north of Brazil. It´s
round, with a diameter of about
10mm,
-its color is dark purple and it grows
with a bunch form. The name of
these bunches receives the name
of “cacho”.
-The Asai has unique properties
and there aren´t any natural product
that can level them.

15. 2.2 Tabebuia serratifolia
 This plant grows in the
Cerrado vegetation of
Brazil, reaching up to
French
Guiana, Bolivia, Paraguay
and Northern Argentina.
 It is one of the largest and
strongest of tropical forest
trees, growing up to 150
feet tall while the base can
be 4 to 7 feet in diameter.
 It is a commercially farmed
hardwood notable for its
extreme hardness and
resistance to fire and pests.

16. 2.3 Carniverous Plants
 Some plants are adapted to
obtain nutrients from animal
matter.
 The best known of these is
probably the Venus fly trap, but
more impressive is the pitcher
plant Nepenthes
rafflesiana, found in southeast
Asia.
 This plant grows to 30 feet tall
and may have pitchers 12 inches
in length, usually crammed full of
digested insects.
 Pitcher plants also eat small
mammals and reptiles that
attempt to steal the insects from
the pitcher.

17. 2.4 Orchids
 Orchids comprise one of the most
abundant and varied of flowering
plant families.
 There are over 20,000 known
species and orchids are especially
common in moist tropical regions.
 Temperate orchids usually grow in
the soil, tropical orchids are more
often epiphytes which grow non-
parasitically on trees.
 Orchid flowers vary considerably in
shape color and size, although they
share a common pattern of three
petals and three petal-like sepals.
The lower petal has a very
distinctive appearance.

18. 2.5 Bromeliads
 Bromeliads are related to the
pineapple family.
 Their thick, waxy leaves form a bowl
shape in the centre for catching
rainwater.
 Some bromeliads can hold several
gallons of water and are miniature
ecosystems in themselves providing
homes for several creatures including
frogs and their
tadpoles, salamanders, snails, beetles
and mosquito larvae. Those that die
decompose and furnish the plant with
nutrients.
 One bromeliad was found to contain
several small beetles, crane
flies, earwigs, a frog, a
cockroach, spiders, fly larvae, a
millipede, a scorpion, woodlice and an
earthworm!