Khushi is submitting samples of various knitting techniques for a class project. The document provides details on different types of knitting needles, yarns, and techniques such as casting on, binding off, and various stitches. Examples of knitting needles include single-pointed, double-pointed, and circular needles which come in various materials, lengths, and sizes. Common knitting techniques like stockinette, garter, and rib stitches are explained.

1. KNITTING
NAME : KHUSHI
ROLL NO : 19042486
B.sc Home science 3rd semester
Submitted to : heena mam

2. index
Sr.
no
TITTLE DATE
1. Construction of samples of the
following
Hand knitting
a) Stocking stitch
b) Garter
c) Rib
d) Moss
e) Cables
f) Lace
g) Fair – isle
09/1/2021
2. Crocheting
a) Single crochet
b) Double crochet
12/1/2021

3. Knitting
Knitting is the second most important
method used in fabric construction by
turning yarn into cloth.
Knitting is the construction of the fabric
by farming the yarn into loops into loops
which having upon the other.

4. Knitting supplies
Needles
There are three basic types of knitting needles – single – pointed ,double
pointed , and circular samples are shown below : chart at right describe
available materials , lengths , and size .
Needle thickness is signified by number . The higher a number. The thicker
the needle and the larger the stitch while there are no precise roles for
needle and yarn relationship generally , thicker should be worked with large
needles ,thinner yarns with small ones . If a needle is to large for the yarn ,
knit structure will be flimsy , if too small texture will be too compact and
inelastic . Yarn labele often includes a recommended needle size ; a safe
approach is to stay with in two sizes of these number.
Needle length should chosen according to a projects dimension , and only
has to be sufficient to hold all stitches comfortably . In general, shorter ones
are easier to manipulate . A circular needle should be at least two inches less
than the circumference of knitting choice of needle material – plastic , metal
, wood – largely a matter of personal preference and availability. . Plastic is
quiet and some how easy for beginner to manage . Metal is noise but
stitches slice more readily , an advantage for the fast knitter .

5. Single – point needle
These are used in pair to knit flat pieces . Straight and rigid , they are used more
frequently than other types and are considered the standard needle . In fact , knitting
instructions usually not specify them by type . Simply indicated what size to use . The
jumbo sizes ( 17 and larger ) are some times referred to as jilly needles work
Double – point needles
These are used in sets of four or more , used to knit seamless , circular motion
such as socks . In some instruction , they are abbreviated as d p needle .
Wood is esthetically pleasing , but wood needle are more trouble to maintain.
In caring for needles, if is best to store them feat with their points protected .
An occasional rub with waxed paper helps retain a slick surface .

6. Circular needle
A circular needle is used to knit round, seamless garment and also large , flat pieces for
which straight needle might not be long enough . It consist of two nylon or aluminium
tips connected by a flexible nylon cord.
NEEDLE TYPES AND SIZES
Needle types material Length SIZE ( American )
Single -
pointed
Aluminium
plastic
10”
14”
10”
14”
0 to 10
0 to 15
2 to 15
7 to 50
Double - point Plastic
aluminium
7”
10”
7”
10”
2 to 8
6 to 15
0 to 8
0 to 15
Circular All nylon
Nylon body
with
aluminium tips
16”
24”
20”
36”
16”
24”
29”
36”
3 to 10
1
2
1 to 10
1
2
1 to 15
5 to 15
0 to 10
1
2
0 to 10
1
2
0 to 15
1
2
9 to 15

7. Knitting aids
There are many knitting aids available ,each one designed to make a
certain task easier . Sampling of such aids Is shown below .
Besides those items specifically meant for knitting , a few other craft
supplies are indispensable .
Example are the crochet hook and tapestry needle shown below,
also scissors for cutting yarn, and straight pins and tape measure for
blocking . In addition , graph paper and a note book are useful for
charting and keeping track of patterns , and a totable basket or bag
will help to keep your work organized and close at hand. The type
with a foldable stand is particularly useful and convenient .
 crochet hook is the best for
recovering a dropped stitch
that has run several rows
and column . It can also be
used for binding off , and
some times for joining
knitting sections with a
SUP stitch .
 Tapestry needle is best for sewing
knitted sections together.
Available in plastic and steel
plastic version is called yarn
needle .

8.  Ring markers slip onto a needle
To indicate such points as the
Beginning of shaping of rows
Completed . There are two types .
Solid and open .
 Stitch and row counters keep track
of work completed the type shown
slips on a needle : another type,
which is feat . Has go for counting.
 A yarn – end weaver is useful
for concealing yarn end on a
Finished article.
 A gauge ruler and knitting needle
measure has too function its is used to
measure the number of stitches and
rows , also the sizes needles and
crochet hooks for identification .
 Point protestors present damage
Is needle points and keeps stiches
Form stiches from sliding off
When the work is set asides.

9.  A stitch holder keeps in
reverse stiches . To be
worked later, operate like a
safety pins available in length
from 1
3
4
“ to 10”.
 A cable stitch needle holds a group of
Stitches in waiting for a cable stitch pattern.
Available in two types shown , also in
regular and bulky knit size . The thickness
You choose should correspond as closely as
possible to that of the working needle .
 Small scissor should be kept for cutting
yarn .
 Bobbin hold yarn for knitting multi
coloured stiches pattern coms in
too size for thick or fine yarns.

10. CROSS 2RP
CROSS 2 LP
C4F
C4B
CC
MC
. .
( )
[ ]
Cross 2 stiches to the right ,
purling
Cross 2 stitches to the left ,
purling
Cable 4 front
Cable 4 back
Contrasting colour
Main colour
Instructions between asterisks
should be repeated as many
times as there ore stitches to
accommodate them.
Instructions enclosed by
parentheses should be repeated
the number of times indicated
after the parentheses .
For stitch patterns , instructions
within brackets explain the
method of work a particular
stitch of technique in garment
directions numbers between
brackets one for additional sizes .

11. “OR IN
00,000
GAUGE
MULTIPLE
PLACEMARKER ON NEEDLE
SELVAGE
WORK EVEN
inches
Bind yarn around the needle as
many times as there are zeroes .
Number of stitches and row per inch
that should be obtained using
designed yarn and needles.
The number of stitches required to
work one motif horizontally in a
pattern stitch.
Slip rings marker or a loop of
contrasting yarn on the needles.
A finished edge.
Continue work without
increasing or decreasing .

12. CASTING ON
CASTING ON:
Is the first step in knitting. It forms the first row of stiches and
one selvage of the finished article , usually the bottom , or have
edge .
There are many method for casting on : five of the most
representative are shown here . Each are best suited to a
particular type of knit or situation , depending on the elasticity
or firmness required. And the simplicity or elaborateness of
the appearance design.
The character of a casting – on edge is determined not only by
the way in which stiches are put on the needle, but also by the
way are worked off knitting into the stich fronts produce a
looser edge , into the backs a firmer edge .
When you are casting on a large number of stitches, keeping
count is easier if you slip a coil ring marker or yarn loops on the
needle every 10 or 20 stitches .

13. TWO NEEDLE METHOD OF
CASTING- ON
 KNITTING ON :
Knitting on employ two needle and one yarn length each new
stitch is formed as in knitting then transferred to another left
needle . A versatile salvage , it is soft when worked through loop
front , firm if worked loop back suitable also for increasing
stitches at one side or completing a button hole.
 CABLE-CAST ON :
It is produced the same way as knitting on but for each new stitch
, the needle inserted between the two previous stitches the
resulting edge decorative and elastic , nicely suited to rubbing
and attractive for the edge of socks or hats.

14.  SINGLE CAST ON :
It is done with one needle and one length of yarn . It forms a delicate
salvage that is particularly good for a stitch edge or for lace . This is any
easy cast on method , but somewhat difficult to start off the needle evenly
in the first , for a beginner , the double cast on one easier to control.
 DOUBLE CAST ON :
Employs one needle and double length of yarn. It has started to measure
distance from yarn and having per inch stitch. Firm , yet elastic, this
method is suitable for any pattern but does not require a delicate edge. It
is especially recommended for beginners. No experience is needed.
 SHAPED CAST ON:
Employs one needle and two yarn lengths;1 yarn formed a foundation .
The edge is flexible , specially suited is cotton yarn , which have limited
elasticity is the foundation yarn is removed. Stitches can be picked up
knitting or crafting.

15. Binding off
BINDING OFF
Binding off (also called casting off) is the removal of stitches
from a needle in such a way that they will not ravel. It forms the
last row of finished work and sometimes is used to begin the
shaping of an armhole , or to produce one side of a horizontal
buttonhole. As in casting on , this produce form a salvage and
should be suitable for the type of knit and the purpose it must
serve. For several binding-off methods , the most versatile are
plain and suspended , shown below , unless instructions says
otherwise , these stitches are worked from the right side and in
the same sequence in which they were formed ( that is knitting
the knit and purling the part stitch ). On the bound-off row ,
stitches should be moderately loose and uniform , or the edge
may draw in or look distorted. If your stitch tend to be tight ,
bind-off on a needle one side larger than the size that was used
for knitting.

16. BINDING OFF TECHNIQUE
PLAIN BIND –OFF : Plain bind off is the simplest , most frequently
used method. It is suitable for any situation where an unadorned , firm
salvage is required , for example is a shoulder seam or button hole.
SUSPENDED BIND-OFF: It is similar to plain blind of (above),but
more flexible. Used this method to finish rubbing, or as a substitute for
the plain technique if your salvages tend to be tight.

17. STOCKING STITCH
• It is produced by knitting one row 2 the next row.
• It is smooth on one (knitting ) side 2 for on the other side (puled)
• Referred as reverse stocking stitch .
• Stretch more in cross wise direction than length wise.
• Used is jumpers , dress , accessories (grows & socks).
• Casting on 35 stitches .
 Row 1 : Purl (0)
 Row 2 : Knit (x)

18. Stocking stitch
Technical front

19. Garter stitch
• It is produced by knitting each stitch of now is pulling each
stitch will give same result.
• Pebbly surface on both sides.
• Stich equally in both direction.
• Loose structure.
• Used in children jumpers , blankets and accessories.
• Casting on : 35 stitches .

20. Garter stitch
Technical front

21. 7 x 3 FLAT Rib
Less elastic than narrow rib pattern used for
making garment & fabric .
Casting on : Multiple of 10 stitches (40)
Row 1 : " K7 , P3 “
Row 2 : " K3 , P7 “.

22. Rib stitch
• It is produced by alternating knit & purl on one row and pursing this
knit & purl on the return row.
• Characteristics features is vertical ridge identical on both sides.
• Knit & purl stitch are interchanges in equal members & no variation
• in technique 1 x 1 , 2x2,3x3.
• Ratio of knit to purl stitch may be even of uneven 2x1,3x1……
• Considerable elasticity in cross – wise direction ( suitable for making
be rows or where snug fitting is required ).
• It is made using needle of one or two size small casting on multiple
of two (34 stiches ) 2x2 rib .
• Row 1: k2 ,p2 ,k2 ,p2………..
• Row 2 : p2 ,k2 ,p2 , k2 …..

23. Rib stitch
Technical front

24. MOSS STITCH
• The seed / moss stitch is produced
by alternating one knit and one
purl stitch within a row.
• Frim structure.
• Used in garment & blankets .
• Casting on : 35 .
• Row 1 : p1 ,k1,p1 k1….
• Row 2 : p1,k1,p1,k1…

25. Moss Stitch
Technical front

26. CABLES STITCH
Technical front

27. LACE STITCH
TECHNICLE FRONT

28. FAIR – ISLE
TECHNICLE FRONT

29. CROCHET
Single crochet
Double crochet