Leonardo da Vinci was a renowned 15th century Italian polymath whose interests spanned the arts, sciences, and engineering. He received an apprenticeship in painting but developed skills in diverse fields through independent study. Da Vinci sought to understand nature and its laws to improve his artistic works and designs. Some of his most famous works include the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. He made pioneering contributions through detailed notebooks on topics like anatomy, flight, and hydraulics but often failed to complete projects. Da Vinci left a legacy as a quintessential Renaissance man who epitomized interdisciplinary thinking.

1. ZAHA
HADID
BORN
Born October 31, 1950 in Baghdad,
Iraq. She recieved her dual British
citizenship in 1972.
EDUCATION
Attended a religiously diverse
Catholic school run by nuns
where muslim and jewish girls
would play together while the
Catholic girls attended Chapel.
She attended the American
University in Beirut, Lebanon and
recieving a degree in mathmatics.
Later, she enrolled at the Architectural Association School of
Architecture where she graduated
with a special diploma prize in
1977. She has honorary memberships in countries including
Germany, the United States, and
Great Britian.
LEGACY
Hadid is known for her intellectual
toughness and her tenacity to stay
true to her ideas even when some
of them could not be built at the
time. She believes that design
students should be focused and
work hard but not without a goal.
She is also concerned that society
is becoming too segmented and
should strive towards a liberal,
open society.
CURRENT STATUS
Practicing at Zaha Hadid architects in
London (est.1980). She also teaches at
the university of applied arts in Vienna.
OCCUPATION
A legendary architect and mathmatician
known to create the world’s most exciting
and significant contemporary building
projects.
SOME AWARDS
Competition Winner, MAXXI:
National Museum of XXI Century
Arts, Rome (1997) // European Union
Prize for Contemporary Architecture
(2003) // Pritzker Architecture Prize
(2004) // American Institute of
Architects Award (2007) // Thomas
Jefferson Medal in Architecture (2007)
PERSONAL LIFE
Her Islamic parents were well-educated
and were comfortable with Western
multiculturalism. Her father was a
politician, industrialist, and economist
who co-founded the Iraqi National
Democratic and helped lead their
progressive parties. Hadid’s drawing
ability was recognized early by her
mother and attracted the attention of art
museums. After a trip to the southern
region of Iraq in Sumer, it occured to her
from the age of 11 that she wanted to
discover a way to make nature, people
and buildings all flow together. She is not
currently married or has children.
PHILOSOPHY
Hadid’s early trip to Sumer, Iraq
sparked her desire to invent a form of
contemporary achitecture where
“sand, water, reeds, birds, buildings,
and people all somehow flowed
together.” He designs were often
recieved with silence from audiences
such as advertisers, but recieved with
applause by industrialists. Her ideas
were considered too radical or
impractical. Her melodramatic
buildings “sparkled like jewels”
transitioning to buildings that make
landscapes flow together like an
“urban carpet”. Her designs evoke the
chaotic fluidity of modern life
through multiple perspectives and
fragmented geometry. She believes
there can always be several hundred
configuations for the same space.
Her personality is akin to architectural natural selection and weeds out
weak clients, making her buildings
famously strong-willed, vigorous and
dramatic as their creator. Architects
such as Koolhas consider her “a
planet in her own orbit” breaking free
from the earth, making supports
dissapear. Her designsshattered the
classical, old and formal rules of
architecture. He goal is to design
something that allows ideas
expressed to be launched into society.
WORKS PREVIEW
1993 Vitra Fire Station completed, Weil am Rhein, Germany.
1999 LF One/Landesgartenschau completed, Weil am Rhein, Germany.
2000 Serpentine Gallery Pavilion, London.
2002 Bergisel Ski-Jump completed, Innsbruck, Austria.
2003 Rosenthal Center for Contemporary Arts completed, Cincinnati, USA.
2004 Laureate of the Pritzker Architecture Prize.
2005 The BMW Central Building completed, Leipzig, Germany.
2009 Exhibiting in Design Museum and Beefeater 24 present Super Contemporary,
Design Museum 3 June - 4 October 2009
2012- 20,000-seat Aquatics Centre for London Olympics
CITATIONS
Notable Biographies. (n.d.). Zaha Hadid. In The Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved Sept. 30, 2012, from
http://ww.notablebiographies.com/supp/Supplement-Fl-Ka/Hadid-Zaha.html.
Design Museum. (n.d.). Zaha Hadid Architect. In Design Museum: Design.. Retrieved Sept. 30, 2012, from
http://designmuseum.org/design/zaha-hadid-Fl-Ka/Hadid-Zaha.html.
Designboom. (January 16, 2007). Zaha Hadid Interview. In Designboom: Interviews.. Retrieved Sept. 30, 2012, from
http://designmuseum.org/design/zaha-hadid-Fl-Ka/Hadid-Zaha.ht

2. CURRENT STATUS
S ANTIAGO
CALATRAVA
Practices in New York (est.2004).
Manages firms in Zürich (est.1981),
Paris (1989), and Valencia (1991).
OCCUPATION
An architect and artist who is trained in
Structural Engineering. He is a sculptor,
philosopher, father and husband. He is
considered a international design visionary.
BORN
SOME AWARDS
Born July 28, 1951, in the town of
Benimamet near Valencia, Spain.
Still practicing as of Oct. 1, 2012.
Gold Medal of the Institute of Structural Engineers, London // The City of
Toronto Urban Design Award //
Designation as a Global Leader for
Tomorrow by the World Economic
Forum in Davos // The Gold Medal for
Merit in the Fine Arts, Ministry of
Culture, Granada
EDUCATION
Calatrava recieved a degree from
Institute of Architecture, Valencia,
Spain in 1974 and took a
post-graduate course in Urbanism.
While in school, he undertook a
project with his fellow students to
write a book on the vernacular
architecture of Valencia and Ibiza.
He later earned two Ph.D.s from
Federal Institute of Technology,
Zürich, Switzerland in 1981
where he developed an expertise
in structural engineering. He has
recieved 18 doctoral honors
throughout his career and awarded
8 honorary memberships internationally.
CONTRIBUTION
Calatrava’s fascination of
construction of large, loadbearing buildings led his technical
expertise. Architecture critics such
as Whitney Could know his
architecture for the “exquisite
fusion of the natural and built
environments” which reminds
society of “architecture’s
transforming power, it’s
capacity to make life whole.”
PERSONAL LIFE
Both of Calatrava’s parents were
involved in the agricultural export
business. His last name came from a
family line of aristocratic medieval
knights. Growing up, Calatrava was
artistically gifted and loved sculpting. At
a young age he took classes in drawing
and painting at a local arts school. In his
early teens he did a foreign exchange to
Paris and France. He married a law
student named Tina, . and later had 4
children. He currently lives in Mahattan
New York with his wife, who is his
business manager for offices in Zürich,
Valencia, and Paris.
ART PHILOSOPHY
Calatrava uses a recognizable style of
delicate, curving spines made from
white concrete called “space frames.”
His inspirations for designs came
from studies of human skeletons. He
controls free thinking and emotional
impulses in a rational approach called
Morphology. This uses sculpture and
sketching to organize complex ideas
into 2 parts: a container and a part.
He draws the human body over and
over to understand the movement and
gesture. His buildings evoke images
of nature such as venus flytraps,
human bones, birds about to take
flight. He uses the conscious process
of the mind’s artistic interpretation to
ensure his ideas “belong to nature.”
In an interview for the Smithonsian
magazine, Calatrava explains that:
"movement gives an added dimension to form. It makes form a living
thing. Instead of thinking of a
building as something mineral, like a
rock, we can start to compare a
building to the sea, which has waves
that move, or to a flower whose
petals open in the morning. This is a
new, more poetic understanding of
architecture." His point of view
allows him to project his dreams, his
knowledge, and his personal work of
research.
NOTABLE WORKS
1982- First major commission for Zürich's Stadelhofen Railway Station,
1994- Lyons Airport Terminal, France.
1998- Campo Volantin footbridge, Bilbao, Spain,
2000- City of Art and Sciences, Valencia,
2001- Quadracci Pavilion, Milwaukee Art Museum, Wisconsin,
2004- Roof of Olympic Sports Complex, Athens, Greece.
2010- New York City Ballet
CITATIONS
Brennan, C. (n.d.). Santiago Calatrava . In Encyclopedia of World Biography. Retrieved September 28, 2012, from
http://www.notablebiographies.com/newsmakers2/2005-A-Fi/Calatrava-Santiago.html.
Ivy, R.. (n.d.). An Interview with Santiago Calatrava. In Architectural Record. Retrieved September 28, 2012, from
http://archrecord.construction.com/people/interviews/archives/0008calatrava-1.asp.
Winkleman, C. (October 7, 2002 ). BIOGRAPHY: SANTIAGO CALATRAVA . In SMU News. Retrieved September 27,
2012, from http://smu.edu/newsinfo/releases/m2013b.html.

3. CURRENT STATUS
LEONA RDO
DA VINCI
BORN
Born April 15, 1452, in Vinci, Italy,
just outside Florence.
Died on May 2, 1519 at King Francis’s
residence while the King was away.
OCCUPATION
PHILOSOPHY
Artist, architect, engineer, inventor,
singer and sculptor.
Da Vinci’s ideas were brilliant and
ranged from the executable to the
prophetic. Through his painting, he
sought a universal language through
painting realistically. He disliked the
way older paintings looked cartoony
and desired a soft, lifelike quality
which he found through the technique
called chiaroscuro. He turned to
science to improve his designs. He
believed that in order to be a great
artist, one must understand all the
laws of nature. He was als strong,
had a great singing voice, and follow
a strict dietary plans. Da Vinci found
it difficult to make money as an artist,
so he adapted his skills to design
fields with more demand for
commissions such as military
engineering, canal building, weapons
design and architecture. He told
patrons wanting military machines he
wanted to “create new machines” for
a “new world.” However, he hated
war, loved nature and value of
understanding life. He also had a
strong interest with time which led to
his fascination with gears and levers,.
One of his main creativity drivers
was a desire to learn how to harness
the activity, power, and exploratory
world of water.
SOME AWARDS
Premier Painter and Engineer and
Architect of the King by Francis I in
France (1516) // (more)
EDUCATION
PERSONAL LIFE
He was apprenticed at 15 years old
to Andrea del Verrochio in
Florence in 1469. His immense
talent was quickly recognized
during his apprenticeship and his
master realized his student had
surpassed him. He entered into
service of the Duke of Milan in
1482.
He traveled, studying and working
in a range of subjects including
explorations of nature, anatomy,
geometry, designs of flying
machines, weapon mechanics,
municipal construction and
architecture. He later trained
students in a workshop that was
Da Vinci’s parents were a 25 year old
Notary named San Piero and a peasant
girl named Caterina. His father took
custody of him, since the parents were
not married. His mother remarried and
supplied him with 17 half sisters and
brothers. He had acccess to scholarly
texts from his family and friends
libraries. He had broad interests and was
compelled by learning so many new
subjects that he often failed to finish
projects. He spent most of his time
pondering universal truths, human
science and observing nature. His lack
of finishing projects tarnished his
reputation and decreased the amount of
comissions he recieved. He was in
trouble with the Catholic church for
breaking rules and studying branches of
science that were forbidden at the time.
CONTRIBUTION
NOTABLE WORKS
TRAINING
Leonardo Da Vinci left a legacy
that set the stage for future
scientific, artistic and medical
progress. He proved that out of the
box thinking can happen in any era
under circumstances of a drive to
learn. His interest in self-mastery
and understanding the laws of
nature set a high bar for intellectualism. His genius and devotion to
knowledge is ledgendary.
The Last Supper
The Virgin on the Rocks
"Battle of Anghiari."
The Mona Lisa
Big Horse
Water projects: floating snowshoes to walk on water, breathing devices (including
a diving hood), webbed gloves to explore underwater, a life preserver to remain
afloat and devices to attack and sink ships from underwater.
CITATIONS
http://www.mos.org/LEONARDO/bio.html