This document summarizes key aspects of demography and family welfare programs in India. It discusses that demography is the study of human populations, focusing on population size, composition, and distribution. India has a large population of over 139 crore people. The family welfare program aims to control population growth and reduce mortality rates through family planning initiatives like contraception and sterilization. The Reproductive and Child Health program and National Health Mission work to improve maternal, newborn, and child health indicators in India.

1. Family
Presented By:
welfare

2. Demography
● Demography as understood today is the scientific study of human population
● It focuses on
 Changes in population size
 The composition of population
 The distribution of population in space

3. Demographic Trends in India
• India is the second
most populous country
in the world after china
• A total population of
139.34 crores

4. Population Pyramid
 Population pyramid also knows as age
and sex pyramid is a graphical
representation comparing the age and
sex of a population
 A broad base and tapering top indicates
a developing country

5. Fertility Related Statitics
 Fertility can be measured by a number of
indicators
 Indicators like stillbirths, foetal deaths and
abortions are not included
1. BIRTH RATE
Simplest indicator of fertility and is defined as number of live
birth per 1000 estimated mid year population
2. GENERAL FERTILITY RATE (GFR)
It is the number of live births per 1000 women in reproductive
age group (15-44 or 49 years) in a given year

6. 3. GENERAL MARITAL FERTILITY RATE
It is the number of live births per 1000 married woman in the reproductive age group in a given
year
4. PREGNANCY RATE
It is the ratio of number of pregnancies in a year to married woman in the ages 15-44 years
5. ABORTION RATE
The annual number of all types of abortions, usually per 1000 woman of all child bearing age
6. ABORTION RATO
Abortion ratio is the ratio of number of abortions performed during a particular time period by
number of live births over the same period

7. Maternal Mortality Rates

8. Neonatal Mortality Rates

9. National
Family Welfare
Programme

10. National Family Welfare Programme
 India launched a nation-wide family planning programme in 1952 under the Ministry of Health
and Family Welfare, Govt of India, making it the first country to do so
In the beginning:
a) Few clinics
b) Training the personnel for above activities
c) Research for contraceptive methods, communication
strategy, behaviour change etc.
During the period of next 2 five yr. plans i.e.1961-66 & 66-69
FP declared: ‘very centre of planned development’
Emphasis shifted from purely clinical approach to ‘Extension education approach’ for:
• Informing general population about the hazards of ‘Population explosion’ and
• Motivating the people to accept the ‘small family norm’
Lippes loop was introduced in 1965.
• The resulting optimism led to creation of a separate Dept. of Family Planning in
1966 within the Ministry of Health

11. 01
Education
Concept
of
Family
Welfare
02
Employment
03
Women’s
Welfare
04
Family
Planning
04
MCH & RCH
Services
05
Prevention &
Treatment of
Major Diseases
06
Client Centered
Approach
07
Safe Drinking
Water

12. Reproductive & Child Health Programme
( RCH )
 Improving maternal and child health has been one of the top health
priorities of Government of India.
 In view of this, The Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) 1
Programme was launched throughout the country on 15th October,
1997.
 The second phase of RCH program i.e. RCH – II was launched on
1st April, 2005.
 The main objective of the program was to bring about a change in
mainly three critical health indicators i.e.
 Reducing total fertility rate
 Infant mortality rate
 Maternal mortality rate

13. Components of RCH - I
1. Family planning
2. Child survival and safe motherhood programme
3. Prevention/management of RTI/STD and AIDS
4. Client approach to health
5. Providing counselling , information and communication
services on health, sexuality and gender difference
6. Growth monitoring , nutrition , education, reproductive
health services for all adolescents.

14. Components of RCH - II
1. Population stabilization
2. Maternal health
3. New born care
4. Child health
5. Adolescent health
6. Control of RTI/STD
7. Urban health
8. Tribal health
9. Monitoring and evaluation
10. Other priority areas

15. Maternal Health / Reproductive Health
 Three or more antenatal check-ups
 Two doses of tetanus toxoid
 Iron folic acid supplementation
 Promoting institutional delivery
Essential Obstetric Care
The strategies to improve and strengthen the quality of maternal
services are
1. Essential Obstetric Care
2. Emergency Obstetric Care

16. Maternal Health / Reproductive Health
 This consists of operationalizing the first referral unit to be fully
functional round the clock – 24 hours
Emergency Obstetric Care
First Referral Unit (FRU)
 It is an upgraded PHC/CHC into a 30
bedded hospital, having well
furnished and equipped OT with a
new born care centre, labour room,
blood bank and laboratory to provide
necessary obstetric necessary

17. New Schemes
 Janani Suraksha Yojana (JYS)
 Prasoothi Araike
 Training of traditional birth attendents
 Training of medical officers in obstetric
management
 CEmONC – Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric
and New born Care
 LASA – Life saving anesthesia skills

18. New Schemes
PRATAN MANTRI MATRU VANDANA
YOJANA
 Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana
Yojana, previously known as the
Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog
Yojana
 It is a maternity benefit program
run by the government of India. It
was originally launched in 2010
and renamed in 2017.
 The scheme is implemented by
the Ministry of Women and Child
Development.

19. Poshan Abhiyan

20. Newborn Care & Child Health
The effective health interventions for the new born starting from antenatal
period, intrapartum and immediate new born care, early new born care,
late neonatal care
o Navjaat Shishu Suraksha Karyakarm (NSSK) – The main aspect of NSSK are
prevention of hypothermia, prevention of infection, early initiation of breast
feeding
o Facility Based IMNCI - It focuses on providing appropriate inpatient
management of the major cause of neonatal and childhood mortality
o Sick New born Care – SNCU
o Home Based Care – HBNC

21. Family Health Mission
• The National Health Mission (NHM) encompasses its
two Sub-Missions
• the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and the newly
launched National Urban Health Mission (NUHM).
• The main programmatic components include Health
System Strengthening in rural and urban areas-
Reproductive-Maternal- Neonatal-Child and Adolescent
Health (RMNCH+A), and Communicable and Non-
Communicable Diseases.
• The NHM envisages achievement of universal access to
equitable, affordable & quality health care services that
are accountable and responsive to people's needs.

22. Family
Planning

23. Family Planning
The practice of controlling the number of children one has and the intervals
between their births, particularly by means of contraception or voluntary
sterilization.
AIMS & OBJECTIVES
a) To bring down population growth
b) To reduce maternal and child mortality rate
c) To control unwanted birth
d) To prevent from abortions
e) To bring out wanted birth
f) To control child spacing
g) Sex education

24. Family Planning
NEW SCHEMES

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