Propellant

1. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
“JNANA SANGAMA”, BELAGAVI-590018
SHREE DEVI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY,
KENJAR, MANGALURU, KARNATAKA-574142
project presentation
“Fabrication of Tri-amphibious Drone”
BACHELOR OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING
PREPARED BY
BASAVARAJ T 4SH20AE003
DARSHAN R C 4SH20AE008
DRUPAD H Y 4SH20AE011
VINODREDDY K 4SH20AE037

2. CONTENTS
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Objective
• Methodology
• Selection of material
• Literature survey
• Design process
• Design
• Reference
• Conclusion
• Future scope

3. Abstract
• Multimodal Vehicles can travel in at least two distinctive
modes of transportation, be it air and water, land and
water or air and land.
• In this paper, design and development of a novel
unmanned multimodal vehicle is presented that can travel
in air, land and water, also called a as a triphibian drone
• The vehicle is essentially a mix of unmanned aerial vehicle,
unmanned ground vehicle and unmanned surface vehicle
and is equipped with mechanisms to travel in land, air and
water at the will of the operator.
• The entire framework of the vehicle is built on the multi
rotor configuration.

4. Introduction
• In this modern era, technologies are advancing from
day-to-day basis. The availability and usage of the
unmanned aerial can be seen worldwide. Many
developed countries are and already started to utilize
their drones for various purposes like surveying,
monitoring and home delivery etc.
• drones are very handy in many situations and lots of
experts are already in fields of upgrading their
performance and functions.

5. • Multimodal vehicles that travel in all 3 modes viz.
land air and water find itself useful in several
applications like search and rescue operations
where the vehicle might need to hover in
congested areas without lot of room for flight.
• In such situations, the vehicle can travel in land
or water and carry out the required rescue
operation. Such vehicles can also be used in land
mine detection where the vehicle travels in land
for detection rather than hovering in air, thus
vastly saving the battery life of the vehicle. But
design of such a system is usually complicated
considering the weight to be lifted, control of
flight and battery life.

6. Objective
• In this paper, design and development of a novel
unmanned multimodal vehicle is presented that
can travel in air, land and water, also called a as a
triphibian quadcopter
• which would prove beneficial in rescue
operations, suitability for a wide variety of civil,
societal missions, surveillance application for
defense, aerial photography, payload caring, in
Aerospace application and operations involving
hazardous environments.

7. • The vehicle is essentially a mix of unmanned
aerial vehicle, unmanned ground vehicle and
unmanned surface vehicle and is equipped
with mechanisms to travel in land, air and
water at the will of the operator.
• The entire framework of the vehicle is built on
the multi rotor configuration. Flight tests were
conducted to validate the design

8. Methodology
• To design the multimodal vehicular system, the
mechanical frame work is modeled using CAD.
• Calculations are done for floatation and selection of
electronic components depending on the load to be
lifted.
• The prototype of the mechanical model is created
and the final assembled system is subjected to flight
testing.
• Details of modeling, electronic component selection
and prototyping is discussed in the subsequent
sections.

9. • During the development of a prototype, software plays
a vital role; design a body frame is easy for a normal
drone. But design a body frame that can easily
transition between both mediums is difficult and
challenging, by using computer-aided drawing software
CATIA.
• Most drone flying takes place outside which
introduces hundreds of sources of water from humidity
to wet grass to snow to, yes, even water like ponds and
ocean. As we are driving our drone in water medium
too, so we have to make our drone waterproof

10. SELECTION OF MATERIAL
The whole fuselage of our drone is made from durable reinforced ABS material
(Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) and ensures a perfect waterproof seal.
ABS CHARACTERISTICS
• ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) is a low-cost engineering
thermoplastic that is easily machined, fabricated and thermoformed.
• This thermoplastic material has excellent chemical, stress and creep
resistance.
• ABS offers a good balance of impact, heat, chemical and abrasion
resistance, dimensional stability, tensile strength, surface hardness,
rigidity and electrical characteristics

11. ABS OFFERS THESE ADVANTAGES
• Excellent impact, chemical and abrasion
resistance
• Superior stiffness and strength
• Easily machined and thermoformed
• Easy to paint and glue
• Good dimensional stability
• Excellent electrical properties

12. Components
4 main components of the drone
• Frame : It is the skeleton on which all other components are
mounted, and provides protection to all the electronics
inside the drone.
structures are made from carbon fiber composites
• Flight controllers : it is the brain of a drone. A small box filled
with intelligent electronics and software, which monitors and
controls everything the drone does.
• Sensors : utilize air pressure sensors to stabilize altitude,
allowing hover capabilities needed for videography or
photography.
Like -Barometric pressure sensors,MEMS Microphones

13. • Battery : used in drones are lithium polymer (LiPo)
batteries.
• Motors : convert electrical energy into mechanical energy in the
form of linear or, most commonly, rotary motion
Brushe DC motors are used in the smallest drones.
• Propellers : it’s devices that transform rotary motion into
linear thrust

14. DESIGN PROCESS
Design process of the amphibious vehicle capturing the functionalities corresponding to aerodynamics, structures, and
compliance to performance criteria is presented in below Figure
Table.1 design process tree

15. ADVANTAGE AND DISADVANTAGE’s
ADVANTAGE
• Can be used in any weather condition.
• Operate in three different mediums (land, water & air).
• Used surveillance.
• Compactable and adjustable.
• Light weight.
• Easily deployable.
• Safety.
• Filming movies, photography, etc.,

16. DISADVANTAGE
• Complex in design.
• Flight time reduced due to weight of UGV.
• If any leakage is found (while operating in water
medium) it may affect electronic components.
• Pilot work load may increase due to more controlling

17. CREO
DIAMETER OF FRAME-200*200 mm
Height of frame-150mm
Blade holder- 70mm
Blade holder-8mm radius*3mm radius
FRAME

18. Wheel diameter inner-5mm radius
Wheel diameter outer-26mm radius
Wheel peddle height-5mm
PEDDLE WHEEL

19. PROPELLER
Propeller blade – 50mm
Inner radius-8mm
Outer radius-3mm

20. FRAME CAP
Frame Diameter- 200*200mm

22. REFERENCE
• Manipal University, Manipal, “Triphibious Vehicle”,
Indian Patent Application No 201741027807.

23. CONCLUSION
• As a conclusion, the high density with low volume body will help to reduce
the time for transition in mediums, the buoyancy force is low in the low
volume high-density body, and thus the drone model is aimed designed to
minimize total volume, to increase the speed movement of the vehicle in
both medium.
• To attain better maneuverability, the drag that is the resistance faced by
the drone has to be minimized, large surface area leads to more drag that
will affect the total speed and consume more power, for that the we have
work on model in future body designed, besides, the quadcopter concept
is also implemented, which give low resistance, high-pressure operation
and compact.
• To testify this some simulation, virtual teat and real-time tests have to be
done. By the help of computer-aided technology. The results from that
give a satisfying outcome. The outer body is 3D printed. The inclusion of
the avionic systems is later to be installed

24. FUTURE SCOPE
The design and development of tri-amphibian takeoff and landing UAV prototype is
really a preliminary stage in the design and commercialization of this platform
needs much more improvement.
• The future of unmanned aircraft is largely fueled by innovative technologies.
• Amazon is thinking of providing their product delivery through such mini-VTOL
• UAV military capabilities and delivers intelligent and flexible solutions for a wide
range of missions.
• Vehicle can be used for various purpose like military applications, Surveillance
application for Defense.
• Aerial photography, Payload caring, in Aerospace application, as a mode of
transportation, as material delivery system, as AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) in
industries.
• For photography purpose. It can be used during natural calamities like flood,
earthquakes etc to know the whereabouts of the victims and to provide them with
food packets, for rescue missions, etc