III. Ezekiel part 1
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The document provides historical context for understanding the prophet Ezekiel. It discusses the timeline of Ezekiel's ministry in relation to key events, including the fall of Jerusalem. Ezekiel received his call from God in 593 BC while exiled in Babylon, and was commissioned to warn Judah of coming judgment due to their sins but also to prophesy a future restoration. The document outlines the structure of Ezekiel's book, including his call, oracles of judgment on Judah and surrounding nations, and a final section depicting future blessing. Throughout, Ezekiel is presented as both a pastor who announces God's judgment but also limits to it, as well as an evangelist proclaiming messages of future hope.
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III. Ezekiel part 1
- 1. EZEKIEL 1
- 2. The importance of Ezekiel can hardly be overstressed. Henry McKeating, Ezekiel 2
- 3. 1 What is the historical context? 3
- 4. 4
- 5. Content Genre Structure Context 4
- 6. Content Genre Structure Context 4
- 7. 800 780 760 740 720 700 Amos Hosea Jonah 800 780 760 740 720 700
- 8. 800 780 760 740 720 700 Amos Hosea Jonah Isaiah Micah 800 780 760 740 720 700
- 9. 800 780 760 740 720 700 Amos Hosea Jonah ? Obadiah ? Joel Isaiah Micah 800 780 760 740 720 700
- 10. 7 Century th 6
- 11. 700 680 660 640 620 600 700 680 660 640 620 600
- 12. 700 680 660 640 620 600 Nahum 700 680 660 640 620 600
- 13. 700 680 660 640 620 600 Zephaniah Nahum 700 680 660 640 620 600
- 14. 700 680 660 640 620 600 Zephaniah Nahum Jeremiah 700 680 660 640 620 600
- 15. 700 680 660 640 620 600 Zephaniah Habakkuk Nahum Jeremiah 700 680 660 640 620 600
- 16. 8
- 17. Babylon 8
- 18. • Assyrian Empire weakening
- 19. • Assyrian Empire weakening • Babylonians growing in strength
- 20. • Assyrian Empire weakening • Babylonians growing in strength • 612 BC – King Nabopolassar of Babylon defeated the Assyrians
- 21. 609 BC
- 22. 609 BC • Egyptians (under Pharoah Neco) marched to help Assyria
- 23. 609 BC • Egyptians (under Pharoah Neco) marched to help Assyria • King Josiah killed at Megiddo trying to stop them
- 24. 609 BC • Egyptians (under Pharoah Neco) marched to help Assyria • King Josiah killed at Megiddo trying to stop them • Babylonians won …
- 25. 609 BC • Egyptians (under Pharoah Neco) marched to help Assyria • King Josiah killed at Megiddo trying to stop them • Babylonians won … … but Egypt still controlled Judah
- 26. 605 BC: Battle of Carchemish
- 27. 605 BC: Battle of Carchemish • Babylonians (under Nebuchadnezzar) defeated Assyrian-Egyptian alliance
- 28. 605 BC: Battle of Carchemish • Babylonians (under Nebuchadnezzar) defeated Assyrian-Egyptian alliance • End of Assyria as world power
- 29. 605 BC: Battle of Carchemish • Babylonians (under Nebuchadnezzar) defeated Assyrian-Egyptian alliance • End of Assyria as world power • Judah came under Babylonian control
- 30. 6 Century th 12
- 31. 600 580 560 540 520 500 Habakkuk Jeremiah 600 580 560 540 520 500
- 32. 600 580 560 540 520 500 Ezekiel Habakkuk Jeremiah 600 580 560 540 520 500
- 33. 600 580 560 540 520 500 Ezekiel Daniel Habakkuk Jeremiah 600 580 560 540 520 500
- 34. 600 580 560 540 520 500 Ezekiel Haggai Daniel Habakkuk Zechariah Jeremiah 600 580 560 540 520 500
- 35. 600 580 560 540 520 500 Ezekiel Haggai Daniel Habakkuk Zechariah Malach i (440) Jeremiah 600 580 560 540 520 500
- 36. • 597 BC – Jerusalem beseiged; King Jehoiakim killed
- 37. • 597 BC – Jerusalem beseiged; King Jehoiakim killed • King Jehoiachin and 10,000 others exiled
- 38. • 597 BC – Jerusalem beseiged; King Jehoiakim killed • King Jehoiachin and 10,000 others exiled • Babylonians install Zedekiah as king
- 39. Nebuchadnezzar
- 40. Nebuchadnezzar • Nabû-kudurri-uṣur II = ‘may Nebo (god of literature and wisdom) protect my boundary’
- 41. Nebuchadnezzar • Nabû-kudurri-uṣur II = ‘may Nebo (god of literature and wisdom) protect my boundary’ • Ruled for 43 of the 70 years of the Neo- Babylonian Empire
- 42. Nebuchadnezzar • Nabû-kudurri-uṣur II = ‘may Nebo (god of literature and wisdom) protect my boundary’ • Ruled for 43 of the 70 years of the Neo- Babylonian Empire • Reconstructed Babylonian Empire
- 43. 16
- 49. Ishtar Gate
- 50. Ishtar Gate
- 52. A people in exile
- 54. Babylonian Chronicle This segment covers: • 605-594 BC • Battle of Carchemish • Accession of Nebuchadnezzar • Appointment of Zedekiah • Judean exile
- 57. surrounded by pagan religion 29
- 58. cut off from the city 30
- 59. cut off from the temple 31
- 60. cut off from the land 32
- 61. experiencing God’s judgment 33
- 62. Exile was not simply displacement from the land, but it was the experience of the end of creation, the exhaustion of salvation history, the demise of king, temple, city, land and all those supports which gave structure and meaning to life. Walter Breuggemann, ‘Weariness, Exile and Chaos’ 34
- 63. 2 How is the prophet’s message presented? 35
- 64. Context 36
- 65. Genre Structure Context 36
- 66. Genre Structure Context 36
- 69. I. Ezekiel’s commission (1:1 – 3:27) 38
- 70. I. Ezekiel’s commission (1:1 – 3:27) II. Judah’s sin and judgment (4:1 – 24:27) III. Oracles against nations (25:1 – 32:32) IV. Future blessing (33:1 – 48:35) 38
- 71. I. Ezekiel’s commission 39
- 72. I. Ezekiel’s commission • The vision of God’s glory (1:1–28) • Ezekiel’s commission (2:1 – 3:27) 39
- 73. Timing 40
- 74. Timing • 30th year of Ezekiel’s life 40
- 75. Timing • 30th year of Ezekiel’s life … when he should have started as a priest 40
- 76. Timing • 30th year of Ezekiel’s life … when he should have started as a priest •5 th day of 4th month = 31 July 40
- 77. Timing • 30th year of Ezekiel’s life … when he should have started as a priest •5 th day of 4th month = 31 July •5 th year of Jehoiachin’s exile = 593 BC 40
- 78. Timing • 30th year of Ezekiel’s life … when he should have started as a priest •5 th day of 4th month = 31 July •5 th year of Jehoiachin’s exile = 593 BC • Six years before the fall of Jerusalem 40
- 79. Dates in Ezekiel 1:2 31 July 593 30:20 March 587 8:1 17 September 592 31:1 May 587 20:1 14 August 591 32:1 February 585 24:1 15 January 588 32:17 March 585 26:1 587 33:21 8 January 585 29:1 December 588 40:1 573 29:17 571 41
- 80. II. Judah’s sin & judgment 42
- 81. II. Judah’s sin & judgment • The coming fate of Jerusalem (4:1 – 7:27) • Jerusalem’s sin; God’s glory departs (8:1 – 11:25) • Reasons for the exile (12:1 – 24:27) 42
- 82. III. Oracles against nations 43
- 83. III. Oracles against nations • Oracles against six nations (25:1 – 28:23) 43
- 84. III. Oracles against nations • Oracles against six nations (25:1 – 28:23) • Ammon, Moab, Edom, Philistia (25:1–17) 43
- 85. III. Oracles against nations • Oracles against six nations (25:1 – 28:23) • Ammon, Moab, Edom, Philistia (25:1–17) • Tyre (26:1 – 28:19) 43
- 86. III. Oracles against nations • Oracles against six nations (25:1 – 28:23) • Ammon, Moab, Edom, Philistia (25:1–17) • Tyre (26:1 – 28:19) • Sidon (28:20–23) 43
- 87. III. Oracles against nations • Oracles against six nations (25:1 – 28:23) • Ammon, Moab, Edom, Philistia (25:1–17) • Tyre (26:1 – 28:19) • Sidon (28:20–23) • Israel’s restoration (28:24–26) 43
- 88. III. Oracles against nations • Oracles against six nations (25:1 – 28:23) • Ammon, Moab, Edom, Philistia (25:1–17) • Tyre (26:1 – 28:19) • Sidon (28:20–23) • Israel’s restoration (28:24–26) • Oracles against Egypt (29:1 – 32:32) 43
- 89. IV. Future blessing 44
- 90. IV. Future blessing • Ezekiel’s call renewed (33:1–20) 44
- 91. IV. Future blessing • Ezekiel’s call renewed (33:1–20) • Jerusalem falls; oracles of salvation; vindication of Israel (33:21 – 37:28) 44
- 92. IV. Future blessing • Ezekiel’s call renewed (33:1–20) • Jerusalem falls; oracles of salvation; vindication of Israel (33:21 – 37:28) • God’s future victory over nations (38:1 – 39:29) 44
- 93. IV. Future blessing • Ezekiel’s call renewed (33:1–20) • Jerusalem falls; oracles of salvation; vindication of Israel (33:21 – 37:28) • God’s future victory over nations (38:1 – 39:29) • God’s glory returns; a renewed city, temple and land (40:1 – 48:35) 44
- 94. Genre Structure Context 45
- 95. Genre Structure Context 45
- 96. Content Genre Structure Context 45
- 97. 46
- 98. Majesty 46
- 99. Majesty Holiness 46
- 100. Majesty Holiness Glory 46
- 101. Majesty Holiness Glory Activity 46
- 102. Majesty Holiness Glory Activity Awesomeness 46
- 103. Majesty Holiness Glory Activity Movement Awesomeness 46
- 104. Majesty Beauty Holiness Glory Activity Movement Awesomeness 46
- 105. Majesty Beauty Holiness Splendour Glory Activity Movement Awesomeness 46
- 106. Majesty Beauty Holiness Splendour Glory Power Activity Movement Awesomeness 46
- 107. 47
- 108. An encounter with God shapes everything 48
- 109. What repetitions does Ezekiel use in 1:28 – 3:15? (words/ideas/etc.) ? 49
- 110. Ezekiel’s call 2:1-3:27 50
- 111. Son of man 51
- 112. weakness / dependence 52
- 113. ‘Stand up on your feet’ 53
- 114. readiness 54
- 115. ‘I will speak to you’ the God whom Ezekiel has encountered 55
- 116. ‘I will speak to you’ God is not remote; he communicates 56
- 117. ‘I will speak to you’ God speaks to Ezekiel personally See also 2:7,8; 3:4,10,17,22, 27 57
- 118. Expect a difficult audience 58
- 119. Expect a difficult audience 58
- 120. Don’t be afraid of hostility 59
- 121. Go against the flow 60
- 122. Speak my words 61
- 123. God has work for you to do
- 124. A watchman . . . in exile? 63
- 125. ‘Hear the word I speak’ (3:17) 64
- 126. ‘Give them warning from me’ (3:17) 65
- 127. Warn the wicked 66
- 128. If you do not announce danger . . . 67
- 129. If you do not announce danger . . . • they will die for their sins 67
- 130. If you do not announce danger . . . • they will die for their sins • you will be held accountable 67
- 131. If they do not repent . . . 68
- 132. If they do not repent . . . . . . you are not responsible (3:19) 68
- 133. Warn the righteous 69
- 134. • Righteous people turning away (3:20) 70
- 135. • Righteous people turning away (3:20) • Stumbling blocks – to see the response 70
- 136. • Righteous people turning away (3:20) • Stumbling blocks – to see the response • Past righteousness counts for nothing 70
- 137. Ezekiel the pastor
- 138. Announcing the reality of judgment (chapters 4–7, 12) 72
- 139. Explaining why judgment must happen (chapters 16, 20, 23) 73
- 140. Making clear the limits to judgment (9:4; 11:16 – 25; 33:10; chapters 34, 36, 37, 40 48) 74
- 142. Convicting of sin (chapters 8–11, 16, 20, 23) 76
- 143. Apologetics (chapters 18, 33) 77
- 144. Calling for repentance (18:21–32; 33:14–15) 78
- 145. Preaching grace (20:32; 36:1–38) 79
- 146. Giving assurance (18:23, 32) 80
- 147. 3 What main problems does the prophet diagnose? 81
- 148. Ezekiel 4–5 82
- 149. Ezekiel 4:1–5:4 What does all this symbolism represent? How would people have reacted? ? 83
- 150. Judgment on Jerusalem 84
- 151. Judgment on Israel (happened already) 85
- 152. Judgment on Judah too! 86
- 153. Difficulties of being under siege 87
- 154. What will happen to Jerusalem’s residents? 88
- 155. What theological perspectives does Ezekiel give? ? 89
- 156. Judah is more wicked than other nations 90
- 157. God is expressing his anger 91
- 158. His people are to be a warning to others 92
- 159. He wants his people to know that he is doing this to them 93
- 160. He wants to destroy them 94
- 161. Ezekiel 6–7 95
- 162. God’s glory departs (8–11) 96
- 163. God is offended by idolatry at the heart of his people chapter 8 97
- 164. God avenges his glory chapter 9 98
- 165. Jerusalem residents are complacent chapter 11 99
- 166. God’s glory moves out from the centre of worship chapter 10 100
- 167. . . . and towards the exiles chapter 10–11 101
Editor's Notes
- Five key questions to ask when handling the prophets 1 Need to find dates, events, situations
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- What structure, genre, kinds of oracles, etc.?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- what is the historical setting? ≈≈ what are major sections? ≈≈ what forms of oracles are used? what other genres are included? ≈≈ what does the text actually say?
- God and his glory (1:1, 28) Note ‘looked like’ (1:4), ‘appearance’ (1:5), ‘like’ (1:6), ‘appeared’ (1:16), ‘the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord’ (1:28)
- God and his glory (1:1, 28) Note ‘looked like’ (1:4), ‘appearance’ (1:5), ‘like’ (1:6), ‘appeared’ (1:16), ‘the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord’ (1:28)
- God and his glory (1:1, 28) Note ‘looked like’ (1:4), ‘appearance’ (1:5), ‘like’ (1:6), ‘appeared’ (1:16), ‘the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord’ (1:28)
- God and his glory (1:1, 28) Note ‘looked like’ (1:4), ‘appearance’ (1:5), ‘like’ (1:6), ‘appeared’ (1:16), ‘the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord’ (1:28)
- God and his glory (1:1, 28) Note ‘looked like’ (1:4), ‘appearance’ (1:5), ‘like’ (1:6), ‘appeared’ (1:16), ‘the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord’ (1:28)
- God and his glory (1:1, 28) Note ‘looked like’ (1:4), ‘appearance’ (1:5), ‘like’ (1:6), ‘appeared’ (1:16), ‘the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord’ (1:28)
- God and his glory (1:1, 28) Note ‘looked like’ (1:4), ‘appearance’ (1:5), ‘like’ (1:6), ‘appeared’ (1:16), ‘the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord’ (1:28)
- God and his glory (1:1, 28) Note ‘looked like’ (1:4), ‘appearance’ (1:5), ‘like’ (1:6), ‘appeared’ (1:16), ‘the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord’ (1:28)
- God and his glory (1:1, 28) Note ‘looked like’ (1:4), ‘appearance’ (1:5), ‘like’ (1:6), ‘appeared’ (1:16), ‘the appearance of the likeness of the glory of the Lord’ (1:28)
- Cherubim: Ex. 25:18–20; 1 Kings 6:23–28; Seraphim: Isaiah 6:2 Fire: Ex. 19:18; Isaiah 6:6; Dome/vault = firmament in Gen 1:7 Echo of cart in 2 Sam. 6:3?
- Son of man used 90 times in Ezekiel
- respect for King respect for Ezekiel?
- Rebellious (11 times) ≈≈ Obstinate and stubborn (2:4) ≈≈ Unwilling to listen to God or his messengers (3:7) ≈≈ Hardened (3:7) ≈≈ Provoking fear and terror (‘Do not be afraid’ – 2:6; 3:9) ≈≈ Likened to briars, thorns, scorpions (2:6)
- ‘Do not be afraid of them or their words’ (2:6); ‘Do not be afraid though briars and thorns are all around …’ (2:6); ‘Do not be afraid … or terrified by them though they are a rebellious house’ (2:6) No guarantees of safety (3:25); God will toughen Ezekiel up (3:8, 9)
- ‘Whether they listen or fail to listen’ (2:5, 7; 3:10, 18-21) ‘Whoever will listen, let them listen and whoever will refuse, let them refuse’ (3:27) ‘They will know that a prophet has been among them’ (2:5) People will be without excuse (3:18-21)
- ‘speak my words’ (2:7): The scroll (2:8-3:4): Both sides covered – no room for additions; Lament, mourning, woe – negative message; ‘Fill your stomach’ – no other nourishment; Sweet as honey – ultimately satisfying (Psalm 19, 119) ≈≈ Ezekiel unable to say anything else (3:26). Not to people you can’t understand – they would listen eagerly (3:5–7); But to people who do understand but who will not listen