The Indian defense shipbuilding industry has grown in its ability to develop and produce world-class frigates, destroyers, and other naval vessels for the Indian Navy. However, it still needs further development to meet international standards. The industry is comprised of over 32 shipyards, including public sector shipyards owned by the central and state governments and private shipyards. While public shipyards have made progress in technology and quality, private shipyards now complement them and help meet growing demand from the Navy's shipbuilding plans. However, the existing shipyards still have limited capacity compared to the Navy's goals of inducting many new ships over the next decade or two. As a result, the Navy continues to rely on foreign procure

1. Contents title
Contents subjects
September 2013
Eye on Defence
Dear readers,
The Aerospace and Defence industry in India has been coping with a number of
challenges this fiscal year. The depreciation in the Indian Rupee, fueled by a negative
market sentiment, has constrained the financial flexibility of the MoD at a time
when major programs are lined up for finalization. This, coupled with the oncoming
elections in India, hints at the unlikelihood of these programs being executed in
the current fiscal year. These trends, notwithstanding, the MoD has been releasing
high-value RFIs and RFPs, of strategically significant programs in the last couple
of months. This makes for a substantial pipeline that would translate into business opportunities for both
Indian and foreign companies in the near term.
The Indian Government has been endeavouring to reverse the trend of importing 70% of its defense
equipment requirements and achieve its objective of self-reliance in defense production. It has been able to
achieve this objective, to a measurable extent, in radar design, development and production. The R&D and
design lab of the Defence Research and Development Organization – Electronic and Radar Development
Establishment (LRDE), in collaboration with its production partner Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) and
private sector units, has successfully put India’s radar production capabilities on the world map. In addition,
joint development and production programs, notably with Israeli and French companies, have enabled the
Indian industry to indigenize radar production to a large extent. In the current issue, we have provided a
snapshot of the major ongoing development and procurement programs in this domain. This analysis will
enable the industry to take stock of the ongoing radar programs and plan ahead for participation.
The Indian defence shipbuilding industry has come a long way in developing design and production
capabilities to deliver world-class frigates, destroyers, OPVs and other Naval platforms to the Indian Navy.
At present, the Indian Shipbuilding ecosystem comprises more than 32 shipyards of various sizes, including
those owned by the Central Government, state governments, the Defence Ministry, and publicly listed and
privately held companies. While government-owned shipyards have done a commendable job in the areas of
technology and quality, their delivery has been somewhat constrained in light of overburdened order books.
Private sector shipyards, which were previously restricted to building commercial vessels, have now stepped
in to complement state-owned shipyards and support them in indigenous naval war shipbuilding. This issue
includes a summary of such projects and an account of opportunities in Indian naval shipbuilding.
Among the regular sections, we have industrial license applicants, RFIs/RFPs released, new projects and
investments, joint ventures and alliances, country-level deals and the latest buzz in the industry.
I hope you find this issue useful. It has been our constant endeavor to make this publication increasingly
relevant to you, and we will appreciate your comments and suggestions in this regard.
K. Ganesh Raj
Partner and Leader
Aerospace and Defence practice
Contents
Enhancing defense
shipbuilding capabilities 2
Radar programs of the
Indian Armed Forces 9
RFIs for July 2013–
September 2013 17
RFIs for July 2013–
September 2013 (cont’d.) 18
List of Industrial Licenses (ILs)
filed for May 2013—
August 2013 20
New projects/investments/
contracts 22
JVs and alliances 25
Country-level deals and
initiatives 26
Industry buzz 27

2. 2 | Eye on Defence
Indigenous naval shipbuilding industry
The Indian defense shipbuilding industry has come a
long way in developing capabilities in delivering world-
class frigates and destroyers and meeting the platform
requirements of the Indian Navy. This said, it still needs
to go a long way to be able to measure up to international
standards. Indian shipbuilding comprises more than 32
shipyards of various sizes, including those owned by the
Central Government, state governments, the Ministry of
Defence, and publicly listed and privately held companies.
Naval shipbuilding is primarily controlled by eight public
sector shipyards (PSUs) — six shipyards under the Central
Government and two under state governments.
Existing capacity
The Navy’s efforts at indigenization over the past five
decades have resulted in India building nearly 80% of its
warships within the country. The selection of location for
a shipyard is made by the Navy, in consultation with the
Department of Defense Production. The nomination of
shipyards for the construction of frigates, destroyers and
other larger ships is limited to Mazagon Docks Limited
(MDL) and Garden Reach Shipbuilding (GRSE), while the
other two shipyards, Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) and
Hindustan Shipyard Limited (HSL), are engaged in building
Enhancing defense
shipbuilding capabilities
smaller vessels. Consequently, the flexibility of the Ministry/
Navy in nominating a shipyard is limited. Among all of the
public sector shipyards, only Cochin Shipyard Limited (CSL)
and HSL have the required capacity and infrastructure to
build large vessels of 110,000 DWT, and 80,000 DWT,
respectively.
To date, only four DPSU shipyards — MDL, GRSE, GSL and
the recently acquired HSL — have been tasked with the
responsibility of naval warship building. More than 100 ships
have been constructed to date, and 46 ships have been
ordered and are under construction. Out of the 16 major
war vessels inducted during the last two decades, 10 have
been constructed at Indian shipyards. Apart from these, the
only other PSU shipyard that has been successful in getting
a major naval shipbuilding order in recent years is the
Cochin Shipyard, which will build the first indigenous aircraft
carrier INS Vikrant.
A number of private shipyards, which were previously
restricted to building commercial vessels, have also
managed to enter the indigenous naval war shipbuilding
after 2001, when the country opened defense production
to the sector. However, their role is limited to constructing
small and medium vessels, including various types of
patrolling vessels and boats, and to assisting PSUs in naval
shipbuilding program (e.g., the case of L&T contributing in
Indian shipbuilding
Public sector/govt. controlled
Central government State government Public listed Privately held
Private sector
Ministry of Surface
Transport
• Cochin Shipyard
(CSL)
• Hooghly Docks
• Alcock Ashdown
• Shalimar Works
• ABG Shipyard
• Bharati Shipyard
• Pipavav Shipyard
About 22 –
Major: L&T, Adhani,
SHOFT, Chowgule,
TEBMA etc.
Ministry of Defense
• Mazagaon Docks Ltd
(MDL)
• Goa Shipyard Ltd
(GSL)
• Garden Reach
Shipbuilding &
Engineering (GRSE)
• Hindustan Shipyard
Ltd (HSL)
Source: data compiled by Q-Tech Synergy
Fig I

3. 3Eye on Defence |
Arihant). Although privately held shipyards outdo public
ones, in terms of number, their established capacity is
merely about 27000 DWT. Nevertheless, private players
have been formulating and implementing expansion plans,
with the leading ones including Pipavav, L&T, Bharati and
ABG shipyards, which have been able to secure naval orders
in recent years. Emerging private shipyards plan to create
vast infrastructure, and some of them have already started
undertaking expansion. Apart from the existing players, the
Tata Group, the Jindal Group, Shapoorji Pallonji & Co. Ltd.
and the Adani Group are eyeing the shipbuilding business.
Import scenario
The Indian defense shipbuilding industry has acquired core
competency in quality and technology. However, it still needs
to build on its strength in capability and delivery. Despite the
increased focus in construction of warships indigenously,
the Navy is facing a shortfall due to a capacity constraint at
existing shipyards. The Navy has been unable to meet its
targets and is anticipated to have only 61%, 44% and 20%
of the envisaged force levels for frigates, destroyers and
corvettes. To fulfill the capability gap, India has to resort to
foreign procurements. Fig II and Table I depict the imports
of war shipbuilding in the past years, with peak levels being
reported in 2012 owing to payments made for the follow-on
order for Krivak III/Talwar Class Frigates and the leasing of
Akula (both from Russia).
Supplier Vessel description Designation Year of order Qty Year of delivery
Germany Support ship Aditya 1987 1 2000
Israel Patrol craft Super Dvora 1997 2 1998–99
Patrol craft Super Dvora 2003 6 2003–06
Italy Support ship Deepak 2008 1 2011
Support ship Deepak 2009 1 2011
South Korea OPV Samar 1991 3 1996–98
Russia
FAC Project-1241/ Tarantul 1987 7 1992–2001
FWrigate Talwar 1997 3 2003–04
Frigate Talwar 2006 3 2012
Nuclear Submarine Akula-2/ INS Chakra 2004 1 2012
Submarine Project-877E/ Kilo 1997 2 1997–2000
US AALS Austin 2006 1 2007
France Submarine Project 75 2005 3 Under construction
Source: Sipri
Delayed timely delivery is attributed to the fact that the four DPSU shipyards are overburdened with construction work.
Indian imports-Ships (1998-2012)
4500
2756
294
160
53
1
Germany Israel Itlay South
Korea
Russia United
States
France
42
40
USDMillion
8
2
3 1
3
16
Number ordered (ships)
Source: Sipri and compiled by Q-Tech Synergy
Fig II
Table I

4. 4 | Eye on Defence
Demand and capacity gap
Among all of the naval maritime systems, fleet is one of the
major segments set for consequential growth in coming
years owing to the depleting and aging condition of the
existing fleet. The Government has already sanctioned
an ambitious 30-year two-line submarine and a 15-year
ship building program to meet the Navy’s order of battle
(ORBAT), projecting 165 warships and 400 aerial assets by
2022.
In line with its modernization plans, the Indian Navy is
planning to induct five to seven ships a year over the next
decade and another five per year for the Coast Guard.
Going by their record and existing infrastructure, the PSU
shipyards alone cannot deliver 10–12 ships per year. The
present shipbuilding capacity of these DPSUs, based on
past average, is close to four ships per year, implying a huge
gap between forecast demand and capacity. The shortfall
is largely attributed to the lack of modern infrastructure,
overflowing order books and consequent cost and time
overruns.
Table II estimates the total order value of naval
procurements in the next 15 years.
To address the gap, the Indian Navy and MoD have
embarked on their biggest modernization phase. The MoD
has approved acquisitions worth US$49.6 Billion (INR2,730
billion) for the next 15 years. Out of this, contracts worth
US$16.73 billion (INR921 billion) have already been
placed with various public and private shipyards. About 43
warships are under construction in various Indian shipyards,
and another 3 are heading toward completion at Russian
shipyards. In addition, 46 ships are under construction,
and Acceptance of Necessity (AoN) for 49 more ships and
submarines has been obtained.
Table III
Total acquisition costs: 15 years
Naval fleet* Approx. total order value
Major ongoing projects > INR100,000 (US$18.20
Billion1)
Major new programs > INR230,000 (US$42
Billion)
Grand Total >330000 (US$60 Billion)
Average yearly spend
required over 15 years
~ INR220 billion (US$4
Billion)
Average spending capacity
of MoD shipyards
INR90 billion/ Year
(US$1.63 Billion)
Deficiency ~INR130 billion/Year
(US$2.36 Billion)
*Not including Subs
1 USD =60 Rupees
Data compiled by Q-Tech Synergy
By 2027, the Navy would have 160 new ships and
submarines and a fleet of about 500 aircraft. However, the
Navy would still face challenges in attaining the projected
force level in the near future because of the inadequate
capacity of defense shipyards. Table III clearly depicts that the
average spending capacity of MoD shipyards is insufficient
to meet the required demand. Fig III depicts the Planning
Commission’s projections for warship building capabilities.
Table II
Estimated force level requirements and total acquisition costs
Platform Projected/ Requirement Held On order De-inductions Deficiency
Carrier 3 1 2 1 1
Destroyers/ Frigate 37–42 26 17 10-Aug 6–8 Frigates
3–5 Destroyers
Subs 24 14 15 14 9
Corvettes 32–36 24 4 16–20 18–22
LND / MCMV 20+24 5+7 9+8 5+7 11+18
LPD / LCU 6+16 1+6 0 1+6 6+16
FICs / FACs 1100 FICs 14 FACs 15+80 FICs 4 FACs > 1000 FICs
Source: data compiled by Q-Tech Synergy

5. 5Eye on Defence |
Fig III
Warship turnover in Twelfth plan 2012-17 (INR billion)
2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17
182.1
135.3
121.6
83.5
231.6
Source: Report of working group on defense equipment
To achieve the desired naval fleet, the MoD has been
earmarking a substantial amount of capital expenditure,
which has been on an upward trend since the last five years.
Indigenous war shipbuilding accounts for as high as 55% of
the Navy’s total acquisition budget. The Navy is expected to
increase its capital acquisition budget by at least 10% year-
on-year. Fig IV depicts resource allocation for 2008–2018
(F). The Government has allotted a substantial amount of
resources to procure naval ships/vessels. Indian defense
shipbuilding players now need to ensure that they step up
their participation and are able to generate the requisite
naval fleet.
Private sector participation
The PSU shipyards would require support to meet warship
requirements, given their huge order book and slow
execution rate. In this scenario, the Government has now
invited private players to be part of big-ticket naval war
shipbuilding programs, mostly by way of nomination. Table
IV depicts breakdown of major defense shipbuilding orders
with public and private shipyards.
Table IV
Defense shipbuilding orders
Govt. shipyards Pvt. shipyards
INR63
billion
INR866
billion
Major vessels Shipyard
Public shipyards
Kolkata Class Destroyers (P15B) ( INR350 billion)
Frigates (P17A) ( INR260 billion)
Project 75 (INR230 billion)
MDL
Landing Craft Utility (INR22 billion)
Frigates (P17A) ( INR195 billion)
ASW (Project 28)(INR70 billion)
GRSE
Minesweepers ( INR22.5 billion)
OPVs (INR16.5 billion)
GSL
GSL
Arihant-class submarine HSL
Aircraft Carrier (Project 71) (INR140-160 billion) CSL
Hydrographic Survey Catamarans (INR7 billion) AAL
Fast Patrol Vessel (INR14 billion) CSL
Private shipyards
NOPV (INR25 billion) PSL
Cadet Training Ships(INR9 billion ) ABG
Interceptor Boats (INR9.75 billion) L&T
Fast Speed Boats ( INR1.75 billion) BSL
Source: data compiled by Q-Tech Synergy
Fig IV
Naval fleet 2008-2018 (INR billion)
7.2
10.7
15.6 17.1
20.0 21.4
23.5
25.9
28.5
31.3
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
Source: Union Budget and Projections by Q-Tech Synergy

6. 6 | Eye on Defence
The government is also encouraging public-private
shipyards partnerships. In this direction, the MoD has
recently announced the joint venture (JV) policy for JVs
between DPSUs and private companies. In addition, the
MDL signed a JV with Pipavav Shipyard in 2012. This
would go a long way in fast pacing the delivery schedules
of already contracted programs. Private yards have greater
flexibility and operational autonomy than public ones. Their
participation would help the Indian Navy become competent
in areas such as capability and delivery. Some of the JVs/
Memorandum of Understanding (MoUs) formed by public and
private shipyards in the last few years are discussed below.
Shipyard JV partner/MOU Scope
Public sector shipyards
Mazagon Dock Ltd.
Pipavav Shipyard For the construction of surface warships and conventional submarines; the
JV would also bid for more orders to build new and complex ships for the
Indian Navy.
Larsen & Turbo A 50:50 JV for the construction of conventional submarines for the Indian
Navy; the JV will implement part of the existing orders of Mazagon Dock and
would also bid for more defense contracts in India.
GRSE Info Tech and
DCNS
A three-way JV, Garden-Vision Design P Ltd, with DCNS and Info Tech for a
shipbuilding facility; the JV was established to bid in tenders launched by the
Indian Navy.
CSL Italy’s Selex For the procurement of naval radar for India’s indigenous aircraft carrier
HSL L&T (Being
Discussed)
For shipbuilding
Private sector shipyards
Pipavav Defense
Offshore Engineering
Company Ltd
Northrop
Grumman
For military hardware and technology support; talks are at a preliminary
stage.
Rosoboronexport For constructing war ships under Russian collaboration, technology and
supervision; this was meant to get design assistance for the Naval OPV order
DCNS To build strategic assets, including modern warships for the Indian Navy
and the Coast Guard. Under the tie-up, Pipavav will have access to DCNS’
technologies, methods and skills. This is proposed to be an exclusive MOA,
where DCNS will not collaborate with any other Indian partner. They might
also partner for placing a joint bid for an LPD project when it comes through.
Babcock MoU signed for cooperation
SembCorp Marine
Inds
Strategic tie-up
Korea Maritime
Consultants Co Ltd
Strategic tie-up
PILS Co. Ltd Strategic tie-up
SAAB MoU for strategic investment (US$38 million) in Pipavav; the technical
partnership agreement is a continuation of an ongoing cooperation between
the two parties. Areas of cooperation are being worked out. After the
investment, Saab will hold approximately 3.5% of the capital and votes
in Pipavav. The two companies had earlier formed the Combat System
Engineering group for exploring next-generation CMS systems for the Indian
Navy and Coast Guard.
Table V

7. 7Eye on Defence |
Larsen & Turbo
Navantia L&T is exploring opportunities with Navantia to place a joint bid for an LPD
project, when it comes through. This may include design and technology
assistance.
MDL For the construction of conventional submarines for the Indian Navy; the JV
will implement part of the existing orders of Mazagon Dock and also bid for
more defense contracts in India.
Mitsubishi Heavy
Industries Ltd
L&T Shipbuilding has entered a comprehensive technical collaboration with
Japan’s Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd for the design and construction of
modern, eco-friendly and fuel efficient specialized ships.
Lockheed Martin Lockheed Martin has partnered with L&T and is positioned to become a
supplier of the Integrated Platform Management System (IPMS) for the
Indian Navy’s shipbuilding program, which includes 1 aircraft carrier and over
30 ships for various applications. It is also in talks with L&T for formalizing a
JV, which would jointly develop Mark 41 Vertical Launching Systems (MK 41
VLS) in India.
Tamil Nadu State For developing a shipbuilding yard-cum-minor port complex in Kattupalli
Bharati Shipyard Ltd Rolls Royce For building ships for the Indian defense sector
ABG
MDL being
discussed
For shipbuilding
ABG is exploring a JV with Nigerian companies for offshore vessel
construction.
FIIs, Foreign
Investors
Shipbuilding, ship repair
Rolls Royce To build ships for Coast Guard
Source: data compiled by Q-Tech Synergy
Some of the other steps that could help overcome the
demand-capacity gap include:
• Public-private partnerships should be encouraged,
especially in big-ticket programs, to enable private sector
shipyards to complement the capabilities of public sector
shipyards. The MoD should select shipyards that possess
adequate capacity and infrastructure and can adhere to
timeline and cost guidelines.
• The MoD and Navy need to ensure that shipyards have
the necessary infrastructure to be able to complete
ships within the stipulated cost and time commitments.
Infrastructure development programs for MDL and GRSE
were started late and suffered more delays. As a result,
these projects will be completed after or during the
shipbuilding project for which they were sanctioned.
• A single point accountability needs to be fixed for all of
the shipbuilding projects.
• Although the Defense Procurement Procedure stipulates
that a contract between the Ministry and the shipyard
is to be signed within 12 to 18 months from the date of
approval of the competent financial authority (CFA) in
case of the construction of new design ships and within
9 to 12 months from the date of CFA approval for repeat
orders, the Ministry/Navy has not been following up on
these provisions, leading to substantial delays. Going
forward, the authorities need to ensure timely signing of
contracts.
Shipyard JV partner/MOU Scope
Private sector shipyards

8. 8 | Eye on Defence
Sanctions for warship constructions should allow for
escalation of the anticipated build period to provide
for flexibility and room for revision. Strong indigenous
shipbuilding capability is critical to the Navy in achieving
operational efficiency and preparedness. India has credibly
demonstrated its capability in indigenously defense
shipbuilding and has become one of the few countries in the
world that is capable of designing and building warships.
Nevertheless, the Indian Navy needs to work on timely
delivery, overall cost management and monitoring to
ensure optimum utilization of the magnitude of resources
utilized, as well as to efficiently and effectively manage its
shipbuilding programs.
India started early in its quest for self-reliance in warship
building; however, demand has outstripped its current
capability. To overcome the gap in the desired number of
ships and the existing force level, the country needs to focus
on time-bound shipbuilding and induction. For this, it needs
to count in the support of private players.
References:
• SIPRI website, http://www.sipri.org/,
accessed 1 September 2013.
• “Farewell Press Conference by outgoing
CNS”, Indian Navy website, http://
indiannavy.nic.in/print/1433, accessed 1
September 2013.
• “About us”, Planning commission website,
http://planningcommission.gov.in/aboutus/
committee/wrkgrp12/Wg_defense_
equipment.pdf, accessed 1 September
2013
• Union budget and Economic survey
website, http://indiabudget.nic.in/,
accessed 2 September 2013
• “Challenges Before Indian Shipbuilding
Industry”, Sainik Samachar,
http://sainiksamachar.nic.in/
englisharchives/2007/dec01-07/h5.html,
accessed 2 September 2013
• Union Government Audit Report 2010-11

9. Radar components and
sub-systems:
Radar programs of the
Indian Armed Forces
The Indian Defense forces are expected to induct radars
worth billions of dollars over the next decade. This demand
is arising not just from the procurement of stand-alone radar
systems for coastal, border and air defense, but also as a
derivative of the increasing demand for missiles, air defense,
and naval platforms.
At the helm of the Indian radar manufacturing ecosystem
is the Electronic and Radar Development Establishment
(LRDE), a lab of the state-run Defense Research and
Development Organisation (DRDO). It is supported by
production infrastructure at the Bharat Electronics Limited
(BEL) facilities in Bangalore, Ghaziabad and Panchkula. State
infrastructure for radar manufacturing is well supported by
an upcoming and vibrant private sector, which is involved at
both the design and development stages in crucial high-end
radar projects. Data Patterns and Astra Microwave are now
capable of manufacturing key components of modern radars
such as the T/R Modules for Active Electronic Scanned
Array radars. The MSME sector has also greatly stepped
up participation in the domain of radars. A significant
amount of outsourced work has ensured build-up of strong
indigenous production capability. In addition, various
Indian radar programs have been well supported by various
Israeli and French companies through joint production and
research programs.
Research and development programs have been focusing
on innovations, such as multi-function radars, since they
can be appropriated for multiple functions and missions,
and radars for surveillance in rugged terrains. This is apart
from the focus on the AESA technology, both for stationary
aerostats and fighter aircraft. Heightened activity, tie
ups, procurement and research have put the Indian radar
program on the world map. The following components
constitute a radar (most of the components and subsystems
are outsourced by the public sector to the private sector for
production)
9Eye on Defence |
• MW and RF front end
• RES Module
• Up converter
• Analog receiver
• Power amplifier
• TR modules
• FPGA
• Digital IF A-D converter
• Digital IF chain
• Digital receiver
• Waveform generator
• Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and Radar Signal
Processing
• Communication protocols and interfaces
• Mechanical packaging and engineering
• Power supplies
• Software development and algorithms
• Antenna electronics
• Transmitters
• Receivers
• Graphics and Displays, Radar Consoles, Multi-Function
Consoles (MFCs)
• Command and control units
• IFF Mark XII
• Data Links
• Control and servo systems
• Shelters for transportable radars
• Testing:
• Shock and vibration testing
• High altitude stress screening (HASS)
• EMI/EMC testing (Mil 461E)
• Environmental stress screening
• Radar simulator

10. 10 | Eye on Defence
Following is a list of radar systems that are currently under
development or procurement. The listing is only indicative
due to insuffiecient data in the public domain:
Land-based radars
1. The Central Acquisition Radar (3D-CAR) is a medium-
range, high-resolution, 3D surveillance radar. The 3D
CAR was developed as part of a program between LRDE
and Poland’s Przemyslowly Instytut Telekomunikacji SA
to develop a family of mobile, S-Band 3D radars. It is now
produced by a JV among BEL, L&T, Astra Microwave
and Entec. Operating in a range of up to 170km and an
altitude of 15km, the 3-D CAR radar can track multiple
targets such as fighter jets and missiles traveling at
supersonic speeds of over 3,000km/hr (around Mach 3).
Its different variants are:
a. Rohini radar: The 3D Central Acquisition Radar
was upgraded to an IAF-specific surveillance radar,
named as the Rohini, mainly for use with the Akash
Surface to Air Missile at the Group Control Centre
(GCC) level for tracking some 150 targets, including
fighter aircrafts, missiles, UAVs and helicopters up to
150–200 km.
BEL anticipates a requirement of 100 Rohini Radars.
It delivered the first Rohini to the IAF in August
2008. Annually, 20 radars can be manufactured. It
is mounted on the ‘Tatra’ mobile platform, a heavy-
duty modified truck built by the public sector BEML
and supported by an auxiliary mobile power unit. The
annual maintenance contract for this radar has been
awarded to BEL.
Current situation: A total of 7 Rohini Radars
were initially ordered by the IAF for its radar
modernization program. Subsequently, it placed an
order for another 30, out of which 14 have been
delivered until January 2012. Since demand for
the Rohini radar is connected to that of the Akash
Missile, more orders for the latter may see demand
rising for the former.
b. Revathi radar: Revathi is a 3D medium-range
surveillance radar installed on naval ships. It can
detect sea-surface targets 80 km away, fighter-
aircraft 150 km away, and cruise missiles at a
distance of 40 km. 7 Rohini Radars have already
been ordered by the Navy. It is fitted onto the P 28
Corvette (of which four to six are in production) and
the Shivalik Class Frigates (of which three are in
production).
Current situation: More orders are expected
owing to increased production of the two warships
mentioned above. Other frigates and fighters
requiring the installation of 3D Naval surveillance
radars may also be fitted with Revathi.
In July 2010, the Indian Navy issued an RFI for
the induction of state-of-the-art 3D C/D band air
surveillance radars. These are meant for ships
weighing 3000 tons and above and are required
to detect aircraft, helicopters and sea-skimming
missiles. We have limited information about the
progress of these programs in the public domain.
c. 3D tactical control radar: The Indian variant of
the 3D CAR, made especially for the Indian Army,
is known as the Tactical Control Radar. It has a
tracking range of 90 km and a lower antenna mount
packaged in 2 vehicles instead of 3 for the Rohini.
It can also feed data to a weapon station (AD Guns
mainly) 20 km away. It is meant to be utilized as a
multi-role radar.
Current situation: The radar cleared trials in
2008–09 and 29 of these have been ordered by the
Army. Deliveries are underway.
2. Rajendra radar: The Rajendra radar is a multi-function
radar that is capable of surveillance, tracking and missile
guidance. It is the heart of the Akash battery and is the
primary fire control sensor for an Akash battery. Apart
from tracking 4 targets, it can simultaneously guide 12
Akash missiles toward intruders within a range of 80
km and height of 18 km. It has an IFF system to identify
a target as a friend or foe and an electronic scanning
array. It is mounted on a T 72 Chassis, built by the
Ordnance Factory Medak
Current situation: The Army and the Air Force have
placed bulk orders (a minimum of 32 units of Rajendra
or its derivatives currently). This includes the order for

11. 11Eye on Defence |
2 Squadrons of the Akash system by the Indian Air force
and the indent for 28 Weapon Locating Radars by the
Indian Army. More orders are expected over time, as
the Indian Air Force revamps its Surface to Air Missiles
inventory.
3. Swathi radar: A Weapon Locating Radar (WLR),
Swathi is a derivative of the Rajendra radar. The WLR
has been jointly developed by LRDE and BEL. The
sub-systems have been fabricated by BEL, based on
the DRDO designs, and have been delivered to LRDE
for integration. These are being built by LRDE. It can
locate large mortars positioned 20 km away and guns
positioned 30 km away when shells are fired. This radar
can detect up to seven shells at the same time. It can
also track the fall of shots from friendly fire and give
corrections. Swathi has undergone extensive trials at
the Army’s test range in Pokhran in Rajasthan, and its
performance has been found satisfactory.
Current situation: While this radar was being developed
by the DRDO, interim requirement for WLRs was fulfilled
by importing 12 AN/TPQ-37 Firefinder Weapon Locating
Systems radars of Raytheon from the US Government
under a 2002 government-to-government deal for
around USD 200 million.
In June 2008, the WLR was accepted for induction by
the Army, and 28 units are being produced by BEL.
The WLR is expected to eventually service the Army’s
requirement for 40–50 systems.
The Indian Army has also announced its intention to
initiate a project worth US$ 285 million for 29 weapons
locating radars. This may be a global tender, and BEL
might also participate.
4. Low Level Transportable Radar (LLTR): These are
active electronically scanned array radars with 150
km range and target small fighter class targets and are
intended to be rapidly transportable and detect aircraft,
helicopter, UAVs and missiles from low-to-medium
heights along the border. The Indian Air Force awarded a
contract to supply 19 LLTRs to Thales in July 2009. Out
of these, 6 GSM-100 were to be supplied by Thales and
13 were to be assembled in India with TOT at BEL.
Current situation: The DRDO LLTR program, christened
“Ashwini”, was sanctioned in late 2010 for bulk
requirements. About 18 units are expected to be
ordered soon. The IAF aspires to have about 67 of such
units by 2016.
5. Bharani radar — low-level lightweight 2D: To detect
short range aerial targets in the mountainous terrain
of Jammu and Kashmir and in the Northeast region,
the LRDE has designed the Bharani. The radar can
be transported in a vehicle, as an under-slung of a
helicopter, or on a mule. Bharani weighs 165 kg and its
petals can be assembled in 10 minutes. It has a range of
40km and can track up to 100 airborne targets.
Current situation: To date, 46 Bharanis, meant to be
used in conjunction with VSHORADS/MANPADS, have
been ordered, with deliveries beginning March 2012.
6. Aslesha Radar — low-level lightweight 3D: It is
deployed in high-altitude areas such as Leh and Kargil.
The radar can be assembled in 20 minutes without
using a tool. Aslesha has 18 antennae, and its height
coverage is 20,000 feet. This radar is 100% indigenous.
A fiber-optic cable connects the radar to the operator’s
computer in the bunker a kilometer away. It has an IFF
system.
Current situation: The IAF has ordered 21 units, and the
first tranche was delivered in January 2008. The DRDO
is in discussions with the Indian Navy to mount these
systems on small ships.
Also, 18 Elta EL/2106 radars were ordered from Israel
for the role of a LLLR as the fire control radar of the
SPYDER-MR Mobile SAM system procured as part of the
Low Level Quick Reaction Missiles in 2008. Deliveries
begun in 2012 (refer July edition of the Eye on Defense).
7. Medium Power Radar (Arudhra): It is a Medium Power
Radar (MPR) and will replace the aging TRS-2215 and
PSM 33 radars. Arudhra has a rotating, electronic
scanning array. It can detect intruding aircraft flying
more than 300 km away and at altitudes ranging from
30 m to 30 km. Arudhra is vital for India’s air defense
and will be useful for network-centric warfare.
Current situation: A total requirement of 27 such radars
has been projected by the IAF. Out of these, 15 were to
be bought from Israel (Elta 2084 MPR) and 8 produced
by DRDO based on the Israeli radar. The first unit was
inducted in Bhuj by the IAF in June 2011, and the
delivery of the remaining is underway.
8. Battle field surveillance radar-short range: It is a
man-portable, battery-operated Surveillance Radar with
the capability to detect, track and classify a variety of
moving ground surface within a detection range of 700
m to 8 km. The radar can be carried in three man-packs,

12. 12 | Eye on Defence
and an infantry soldier can install and effectively put the
radar into operation within five minutes.
Current situation: So far, 1,441 BFSRs have been
delivered to the Army and 90 to the Border Security
Force (BSF). The radar is in series production and is
procured by the Armed Forces and the Central Police
Forces on a regular basis.
9. Swordfish radar: It is an Indian Long Range Tracking
Radar (LRTR) specifically developed to counter ballistic
missile threat. It will be a part of India’s ballistic missile
program. First testing of this radar was undertaken in
March 2009. The Swordfish LRTR currently has a range
of 600–800 km range and can spot objects as small as
a cricket ball. The design may have been based on the
Green Pine Radar (EL/M-2080) manufactured by Elta
and is currently in use with Indian forces.
Current situation: The DRDO plans to upgrade its range
to 1,500 km to complete the second phase of India’s
Ballistic Missile program. These may be entirely new
designs created in joint development with Israel. The
DRDO has indicated plans to outsource the majority of
the work for developing 6 to 7 LRTRs worth US$1.2
billion.
10. 3D Multi-Function Control Radar (MFCR): The
MFCR was developed by DLRDE in cooperation with
Thales of France as part of the Indian anti-ballistic
missile program. It is an active-phased array radar
and complements the Swordfish LRTR for intercepting
ballistic missiles.
Current situation: The MFCR is expected to serve as the
fire control radar for the AAD second tier missile system
of the ABM program. The AAD has a supplementary
role against aircraft as well and can engage missiles and
aircraft up to an altitude of 30 km.
The MFCR fills out the final part of the DRDO’s radar
development spectrum. These long-range 3D radars will
form the backbone of an integrated air defense ground
environment system.
11. Long range surveillance radars and high power radars:
To meet its air defense coverage needs in hilly terrains,
the IAF released an RFI in the last quarter of 2010 for
the induction of LRSRs and high-power radars (HPRs).
We have limited information about the progress of these
programs in the public domain.
Naval radars
1. Coastal Surveillance Radar (CSR): As an aftermath
of the Mumbai attacks, the Government decided to
implement this turnkey project for electronic surveillance
up to 25 nautical miles into the sea through BEL (Prime
contractor) at a cost of INR601.75 crore (US$100
million) in September 2011. However, the total cost of
the project is expected to cross US$ 1 billion. As part of
this project, 84 remote locations on India’s coast will be
installed with coastal surveillance radars and sensors. The
implementation schedule was 12 months for the mainland
and 18 months for the Island sites.
The sensor suite chosen to be installed at each remote
site comprises 25-nautical-mile-range Terma Scanter
2100 HCP Frequency Diversity radar with a dual antenna
for better performance in the monsoon weather and an
Obzerv Technologies ARGC-2400 active-range gated
electro-optic (EO) sensor with a range of up to 10 nautical
miles in “fair weather.”
It also includes Automatic Identification System (AIS)
equipment supplied by Saab Transponder Tech and
a Marine Small Target Tracker, possibly sourced from
Raytheon.
The system networks all of the above to present an
integrated operational picture of the offshore to users.
The data generated by all of the static sensors will be
flown to Coast Guard regional headquarters, which will
serve as the regional operating center to the control
center of CG HQ in New Delhi.
Current Situation: Out of the 84 remote locations
earmarked for installation with coastal surveillance
radars, 46 were to be completed in the first phase. The
completion of phase 1 was marked by the installation
in Vishakhapatnam. Phase 2 will include 38 additional
remote radar sites and 8 Mobile Surveillance Systems. In
addition, 21 sites of the VTMS at Gulf of Kachh and Gulf of
Khambhat would also be fitted with optronic equipment.
2. Airborne maritime patrol radar: The super Vision-2000,
airborne 3D naval surveillance radar, developed by
DLRDE, is meant for helicopters and light transport
aircraft and has been modified and integrated into
India’s Advanced Light Helicopter; the Navy’s Kamov-25
helicopter and the Coast Guard’s Dornier aircraft. The
radar, a lightweight slotted array version operating in
the X band, provides the classification of the intercepted
target. The radar can detect and track aerial targets.
Secondary modes of the radar include coastal mapping,

13. 13Eye on Defence |
weather avoidance and SART beacon. The radar can
detect a large vessel at over 100 nautical miles.
Current Situation: A more advanced variant of
the Super Vision, known as the XV-2004, is now in
production. The XV-2004 is also operational and
features an ISAR, SAR Capability.
3. Maritime patrol radar for multi-mission maritime
aircraft: The Center for Airborne Systems (CABS),
a lab under the DRDO, is involved in the design and
development of the Multi-Mission Maritime Aircraft
(MMMA) for Indian Coast Guard (ICG). For this project,
it has invited vendors, through an RFI released in April
2013, to supply a Maritime Patrol Radar (MPR) for the
platform selected for MMMA. The MPR will primarily
be used for the detection, localization, classification
and tracking of both aerial and sea surface targets. The
vendor shall also support CABS in the integration of
the unit into the airborne platform and to other mission
systems. The vendor shall also extend support for the
maintenance of the MPR.
Current situation: According to the RFI, the initial
requirement is for 10 such units. Another 05 units are
envisaged as phase II and shall be under option clause.
The future requirement is for around 10 to 15 such
units. Responses in the form of an EoI are sought by
10th September 2013.
4. Naval surface surveillance radar: Continuing with its
recent policy to give top priority to domestic defense
companies while issuing big-ticket defense programs,
the MOD, in June 2013, had issued a tender to domestic
defense companies for the supply of 31 Surface
Surveillance Radars (SSR) valued at over US$ 300
million. The SSR must be able to track not less than 50
targets at a time and small targets up to a distance of
12 kilometers. The SSR will be used for all-round sector
search, detection, automatic tracking and determination
of coordinates and motion parameters of surface
targets. In addition, the SSR will have to provide target
designation data to surface-to-surface missiles and other
fire control systems of the ships.
Current situation: Domestic defense companies have
teamed up with overseas defense companies. The
tenders have been sent to Nova Integrated System,
which has teamed up with Terma of Denmark; Mahindra
Defense Systems, which has partnered with Elta of
Israel, Tata Power SED with Indra of Spain, Broadcast
Engineering Consultants India Limited (BECIL) has
teamed up with Rosoboronexport of Russia; Data
Patterns has partnered with Reutech of South Africa;
Larsen & Toubro (L & T) Ltd has teamed up with EADS of
Germany and state-owned BEL has tied up with DRDO.
5. Air surveillance radar for INS Vikrant: Selex ES has
been awarded a contract to supply the Indian Navy with
its 3D L Band Air Surveillance Radar (RAN-40L) and IFF
radar, which will be installed on-board the new aircraft
carrier INS Vikrant at Cochin Shipyard. The RAN-40L is a
3D long-range, early-warning radar with fully solid state
active phased array antenna that is capable of detecting
an aircraft up to 400 km.
Current situation: The same type of radar may well also
end up on the Indian Navy’s planned fleet of four landing
platform docks.
6. Naval LRSAM radar: The DRDO, the IAI and the Indian
Navy have worked out a tripartite agreement to develop
and produce the long-range surface to air missile
version of the Barak missile (details of this program were
mentioned in the July edition of Eye on Defense).
Current situation: The ELTA MF-STAR Naval AESA radar
has been chosen to be the primary sensor for the naval
Barak-8/LRSAM. Also, EL/M-2221 STGR has been
chosen as the primary fire control radar for the same
system. The EL/M-2221 has previously been mounted
on the various destroyers and frigates of the Indian
Navy, which have undergone upgrade in the last couple
of years as the primary fire control radar for the Barak
SAM.
The Barak-2’s MR-SAM variant for the Indian Army will
make use of the motorized EL/M-2084 active phased-
array multi-mode radar.
The S-band active phased-array MF-STAR will also go
on board the three Project 15A Kolkata-class 6,700-
ton guided-missile destroyers (DDG) now being built by
Mumbai-based Mazagon Docks Ltd.
Airborne radars
1. Airborne warning suite program: The Indian
Programme may be categorized into two parts:
a. The AWACS program (high end): The Airborne
Warning and Control System (AWACS) consists of
a heavy, sophisticated, early-warning suite with
better coverage and capability to penetrate “longer
distances” into the enemy territory by way of radars
and electronic warfare systems without venturing
into the region physically.

14. 14 | Eye on Defence
India purchased three such advanced A-50EI Phalcon
AWACS planes through a tripartite agreement among
India, Israel and Russia (in 2004). The IAF inducted
three Phalcon AWACS in 2009-10 for US$1.1-billion.
These systems have the IAI’s 360-degree Phalcon
early-warning radar and communication suite
mounted on Russian IL-76 heavy-lift military aircraft.
Current situation: India is currently negotiating for
another two Phalcon systems with IAI. Although the
future requirement of such systems has been pegged
at 10 AWACS planes, DRDO has decided to produce
it indigenously through an INR60-billion project. The
project proposal for the indigenous development
of AWACS (India) by the DRDO was approved by
the Cabinet Committee on Security (CCS) on 12th
February 2013. There has been no clarity as to the
platform that the AWACS suite will be mounted on.
The Air Chief, in Feb 2013, mentioned that it may be
a Western platform, either the Boeing 767 or
Airbus A330.
b. AEWACS program (medium sized): India decided
to develop mini-AWACS under an INR-18 billion
project approved in 2004. Accordingly, AEW&C
(airborne early-warning and control) systems
developed by DRDO were planned to be mounted
on three Embraer-145 jets obtained from Brazil for
approximately US$210 million under an agreement
finalized in June 2008. Embraer would also act as
the overall system integrator, supplying the jets,
mounting the radar and electronics on or into the
AWACS fuselage. The primary radar for this system
was developed by LRDE and the IFF by DEAL. Various
private companies such as Astra Microwave (to help
with the AESA radar development) were also involved
in this endeavor as subcontractors to the DRDO.
Current situation: 3 ERJ 145 aircraft have
already arrived in India. Integration of the radar,
communication and control equipment is the next
step, followed by trials, and 2014 is the target date
for operationalizing AEW&CS planes. This radar and
systems work will be key to the Embraer AEW&C
project’s success or failure. The operational date has
already slipped from October 2011 to March 2014.
If that operational date cannot be met, or the project
runs into serious technical issues, the high-end
AWACS buy will become much more important
to India.
The requirement for these platforms has been
pegged from 10-20 AEWACS airplanes. The DRDO is
undertaking the production of more AEWACS suites
indigenously.
2. Special-mission aircraft for communication
jamming, signals intelligence and surveillance: The
RFP for this program was earlier released in 2009.
The shortlisted companies were Embraer and Israel
Aerospace Industries (IAI), both offering the IAI-Elta
airborne integrated signal intelligence system (Aisis).
The platform offered by Embraer may have been L1.
However, delays on the part of the Ministry in taking a
final decision on the program resulted in price escalation
from bidders, leading the MoD to cancel the RFP.
Current situation: The RFI for this program was re-
released last year, and soon the Indian Air Force (IAF)
is expected to re-release an RFP for nine aircraft to
perform signals intelligence (Sigint), communication
jamming (Comjam), ground survey and target towing
roles. The DAC cleared the proposal in April 2013.
Two of the nine aircraft will be dedicated to Sigint, while
the Army, Navy and Air Force will use the remaining
seven for aerial survey, target towing and Comjam. The
systems will be integrated into India with a local partner.
The new RFI specifies a larger aircraft that can carry
10 passengers. The platforms bid previously were the
Embraer EMB-145 and the Gulfstream G200 (by IAI).
This time, the IAI will likely offer a Gulfstream G550.
Saab is also likely to bid again, having offered a Learjet
platform previously. The Saab 2000 airliner is no longer
in production, and since Indian rules do not allow the
import of aircraft that is over 15 years old, the Swedish
company may be looking for an alternative larger
platform. Other competitors may include Northrop
Grumman, Boeing, Raytheon and L-3 Communications.
3. AESA radar: The Light Combat Aircraft, christened
Tejas and currently under development in India,

15. 15Eye on Defence |
was meant to be mounted with homemade active
electronically scanned array (AESA) multi-mode fire
control radar. The main role of the radar, which was to be
integrated with the fighter aircraft, was to direct the fire
accurately from the aircraft. It would feature advanced
electronic counter, counter measures (ECCMs) and direct
the fire from air-to-air, air-to-ground and air-to-sea
missiles. The project could not be completed in time and
got stuck with delays.
The inability of the development effort to productionize
a Pulse Doppler Multi-Mode Radar (MMR) in time for the
operational clearance of Tejas MK1 necessitated the
selection of the EL/M-2032 by Elta Systems of Israel in
2008. This radar was mounted onto the Tejas to achieve
operational clearance and fulfill the delivery order for
the first two squadrons of the Tejas. This was believed
to be a stop gap measure until the development of the
Indian AESA radar was complete.
Subsequent platforms of the Tejas of the type Mark 2
are expected to be mounted by the Indian AESA radar,
which is currently under development. The follow-on of
the MMR project, the Active phased Array Radar (APAR)
project aims to field fully-fledged operational AESA fire
control radar for the expected Mark-2 version of the
Light Combat Aircraft. This will be the second airborne
AESA program after the AEW&C project and intends
to transfer the success that the DRDO has achieved in
the ground-based radar segment to airborne systems.
Local private players such as Astra Microwave and Data
Patterns have contributed to the design and production
of this radar, especially specialized units such as the TR
Modules.
Current situation: The Air Force has ordered 20 LCA
Mark-1 aircraft and is likely to order another 20 once
it achieves operational clearance. It is also expected to
order more than 200 LCA Mark-2s once the aircraft is
inducted into service. The expected year of induction for
the Tejas Mark 2 is 2018.
4. Aerostat radars: These are very long range AESA
systems that are able to look deep into enemy territory
(more than 400 km) owing to elevated line of sight.
Often, two radars are carried. One is the surveillance
radar and the other is a precision track and illumination
radar (PTIR). The surveillance radar provides long-range
coverage (about 500 kilometers for the EL/M-2083),
while the PTIR, which is a steerable system capable of
tracking multiple targets, can focus on items of interest
with the IAF.
The IAF procured two aerostats mounted with the radar
and sensor worth USD 175 Mn in 2002, with deliveries
concluding in 2007 and 2008. The prime contractor
for this contract was Rafael. These aerostats carry a
variety of sensors, including EL/M-2083 air surveillance
radars provided by IAI Elta Systems, communications
intelligence (COMINT) and Signals Intelligence (SIGINT)
payloads providing persistent, all-weather wide-area
coverage of sensitive-border areas.
Current situation: To induct additional Aerostat-
mounted radars and systems, the IAF released a global
RFP for the procurement of six systems worth INR33
billion in 2012. The project received clearance from the
DAC in early 2013. To date, BAE Systems, Lockheed
Martin, Northrop Grumman, Thales, Raytheon, Israel
Aerospace Industries/ELTA and Rosoboronexport
State Corp have responded to the IAF’s global RFP
for supplying both the aerostats and their on-board
airspace surveillance radars. The IAF requires about 60
such radars, which can be deployed up to an altitude
of 15,000 feet above sea level, have a surveillance
envelope ranging from 10 km to 35 km, and are able to
pick up airborne targets ranging from ground level to
30,000 feet.
The Indian Navy has also expressed its intent to procure
two aerostat-mounted systems for coastal security.
India has a vibrant aerostat development program of
its own. The foremost amongst the aerostat-mounted
systems developed by the Aerial Delivery Research and
Development Establishment in Agra is the Akashdeep
aerostat system. It can carry 300 kg payload to an
altitude of 1,000 m. It can survey areas up to 20 km
away and with advanced cameras and radar, its range is
variously reported as 60 km to 100 km. It does not have
any orders as of now, but has evinced interest from both
the Armed Forces and the Paramilitary Force.
ADRDE plans to build a second type of aerostat system,
known as Nakshatra, for up to a height of 4500-5,000 m
and with a range variously reported as 200–250 km or
450 km with a payload capacity of 800 kg to 1 ton and
17,000 cubic m volume. The project is currently in the
design phase.
In the small aerostat category, a joint attempt between
NAL under the Council of Scientific and Industrial
Research and Defense Research and Development
Organisation is underway for the development of the
Chakshu aerostat, which is about six times smaller than
the Akashdeep aerostat. It is awaiting trials.

16. 16 | Eye on Defence
5. Bird Monitoring and Detection Radar (BMDR): The
Indian Air Force, which conducts many operational and
training flights and often at very low level, attributes
around 10% of accidents to bird hits. To reduce the
number of such accidents, the Indian Air Force and
the Navy released an RFP to induct 45 bird monitoring
and detection radars at a cost of around INR 3 billion in
January 2013.
The tender was given to Indian companies including Data
Patterns India Private Limited, Axis Aerospace, Larsen &
& Toubro Ltd., Offsets India Solutions Pvt. Ltd. and BEL.
The tender also went to overseas defense companies
including Thales of France and Robin Radar Systems of
Netherlands.
Current situation: NCNC trials are planned in India in
October this year. Civil airports are also considering the
acquisition of these radars to monitor and look for birds
at their approach and take off funnel, and inform pilots
in advance to ensure that action can be taken on time.
Other radars under development
1. Through wall looking radar: The LRDE has now plunged
into the development of a “through wall looking radar”,
which can undertake remote three-dimensional (3D)
imaging of terrorists hiding behind walls and can even
detect their heartbeats.
2. Foliage penetration radar: India has been looking to
develop partnerships with foreign countries to develop a
“Foliager”. The US is believed to be the only country with
the requisite technology to fully develop a radar capable
of penetrating foliage.
3. Ground-penetration radar: The DRDO is currently
developing a Ground Penetration Radar as part of its
program to develop radars for all weather conditions and
for locating buried mines, improvised explosive devices
(IEDs) and unexploded ordnances (UXOs).
References:
• “Indian Air Force Modernization”,
Bharat Rakshak website, http://
bharatrakshak.wikia.com/wiki/
Indian_Air_Force_Modernization,
accessed on 25 August 2013
• Technology Focus – Indigenous
Radars-1, DRDO website, http://drdo.
gov.in/drdo/pub/techfocus/2013/
TF_April_2013_WEB.pdf, accessed
on 30 August 2013
• MoD 2012-13 Annual Report
• Vivek Raghuvanshi, “New Delhi
Issues Surface Surveillance Radar
Bid”, Defence News, 26 June 2013
• Gulshan Luthra, “Indian Army
acquiring 28 Weapon Locating
Radars”, India Strategic, July 2008

17. 17Eye on Defence |
RFIs for July 2013–September 2013
Date of issue RFI details Response
date
Issued by Defense
service
29 Aug 2013 Wireless communication system for
helicopter deck operations
19 Sep 2013 Directorate of Electrical
Engineering
For IAF
6 Sep 2013 Mini UAV for high altitude 14 Sep 2013 Uttar Kaman Mukhyalaya
Headquarters
Northern Command ,MG EME
For IA
12 Aug 2013 Thermal imaging sights for air defense
self-propelled systems
15 Sep 2013 DG Army Air Defense For IA
7 Aug 2013 Radio interface unit 15 Sep 2013 Directorate General of Signals For IA
25 July 2013 Simfire for tanks and ICVs 19 Aug 2013 Directorate General of Mechanised
Forces
For IA
5 July 2013 Mine plough for fitment on T-90S/SK
tank
27 July 2013 Dte Gen Mech Forces IHQ of MoD
(Army)
For IA
13 Sep 2013 Design consultant for development
of naval air station and armament
storage facilities for project seabird
phase IIA at Karwar
31 Oct 2013 Director General Project Seabird
IHQ­MoD (NAVY)
For IN
9 Sep 2013 Aircraft ground handler 9 Oct 2013 Directorate of Naval Air Staff For IN
26 Aug 2013 Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
(ADCP)
16 Sep 2013 Directorate of Hydrography (Navy) For IN
26 Aug 2013 Global Navigation Satellite System
(GNSS) navigation system
16 Sep 2013 Directorate of Hydrography (Navy) For IN
12 Aug 2013 Portable deep water noise range for
project-75
20 Sep 2013 Project-75, IHQ MoD (Navy), For IN
2 Aug 2013 Infra red - visual search light 30 Aug 2013 Directorate of Naval Air Staff For IN
2 Aug 2013 Electro Optical & Infra Red Payload
(EOIR) for helicopter
30 Aug 2013 Directorate of Naval Air Staff For IN
8 Aug 2013 Submarine rescue bell system 10 Sep 2013 Directorate of Special Ops & Diving For IN
29 July 2013 Multipurpose Maritime Self Propelled
Surface Target (MMST)
22 Aug 2013 Directorate of Staff Req. Navy For IN
22 July 2013 Integrated platform management
system simulator for P-75 submarines
20 Sep 2013 Directorate of Information Tech For IN
22 July 2013 Combat system simulator for training
P-75 submarine personnel
20 Sep 2013 Directorate of Information Tech For IN
4 July 2013 NVG compatible helicopter deck
lighting suit
31 July 2013 Directorate of Naval Air Staff
Integrated Headquarters of MoD
For IN
12 July 2013 Electronic fuzes (for 105mm &
155mm Ammn)
31 Aug 2013 Machine Tool Prototype Factory,
Ambarnath
For OFB

18. 18 | Eye on Defence
RFIs for July 2013–September 2013
(cont’d.)
Date of issue RFI details Response date Issued by Remarks
12 Sep 2013 FLARE paraffin type B without wicks 25 Sep 2013 AF Station Hakimpet For IAF
Qty: each 40
26 July 2013 Optical device (industrial video scope) 26 Sep 2013 Directorate of Procurement
(IPW), Air HQ (VB
For IAF, Qty
02 Nos.
26 July 2013 Procurement of biometric security
system
16 Aug 2013 Commanding Officer,
ITPO Section
For IAF, Qty
02 Nos.
15 July 2013 Automatic electronic warning system 30 July 2013 Station Logistics Section AF
Station Jalahalli East
For IAF
Qty: 02
15 July 2013 Biometric control device finger print
based time and access control system
24 July 2013 Air Force Station Begumpet For IAF
Qty: 01 each
8 July 2013 Aircraft Refueller Cartridge 18 July 2013 Equipment Depot Air Force
Palam
For IAF Qty:
337 Nos.
1 July 2013 3M medium half face piece mask 6200 16 July 2013 29 Equipment Depot Air Force
Station Chakeri
For IAF
13 Sep 2013 Hand-held UAVs for TAC training 28 Sep 2013 GSO1 IT HQ ACC and School
Ahmednagar
For IA
Qty: 03
5 Sep 2013 GMMA sensor 12 Sep 2013 Comdt COD Agra For IA, Qty 01
No.
3 Sep 2013 Night sight for 7.62mm Dragunov
Sniper Rifle
14 Oct 2013 Arty Branch For IA
Qty: 20 Nos.
31 Aug 2013 Aerial platform for surveillance and
training
22 Sep 2013 Army Air Defense College,
Gopalpur Military Station
(Odisha)
For IA
Qty: 01 Nos.
31 Aug 2013 Bullet-proof shield 3 Oct 2013 GOC-in-C, HQ Northern
Command
For IA, Qty 82
Nos.
27 Aug 2013 Mini UAVs 24 Sep 2013 The Chairman TPC HQ
Northern Comd (EME)
For IA
Qty: 49
26 Aug 2013 Simulator gun, simulator pistol,
simulator ammunition and simulator
claymore mines
16 Sep 2013 Mukhyalaya Headquarters The
Infantry School Belgaum
For IA
16 Aug 2013 Creation of 3D armored fightng vehicle
recognition system
4 Sep 2013 IT Wing HQ ACC For IA
13 Aug 2013 Passive night sight for Rif AK-47 23 Sep 2013 DG Army Air Defense For IA
Qty: 354 Nos.
20 July 2013 Ballistic helmet 20 Aug 2013 HQ Northern Command Ord
Branch
For IA, Qty
478 Nos.
20 July 2013 Tactical vest 19 Aug 2013 HQ Northern Command Army
AD Branch
For IA
Qty:1900
+2204 nos.
27 July 2013 IP camera 6 Aug 2013 Air Officer Commanding, AF
Stn Ojhar,
For IA
Qty: 02 Nos.
23 July 2013 Passive night vision binocular 2 Sep 2013 Director ACSFP CELL For IA
Qty: 212 Nos.

19. 19Eye on Defence |
16 July 2013 Bullet-proof jacket 13 august
2013
GOC-in-C, Northern Command, For IA
Qty: 1073
6 July 2013 Multipurpose binocular 16 Aug 2013 HQ Northern Command Arty
Branch
For IA
Qty: 24
5 Sep 2013 FUSE PV-100AS 30V for I CV BMP I
& II
12 Sep 2013 Comdt COD Agra For IN
Qty: 148 Nos.
02 Sep 2013 11m work boats with OBS and one set
of B&D spares
21 Nov 2013 Directorate of Procurement,
Integrated Headquarters (Navy)
For IN
Qty: 04 Nos.
8 Aug 2013 Bullet Proof Mobile Morcha 28 Aug 2013 The Commanding Officer INHS
Asvini
For IN
Qty: 04 Nos.
9 Sep 2013 Propellant A-7 MV 700 m/s 15 Oct 2013 Ordnance Factory, Varangaon For OFB
Qty: 41294
Kg
6 Aug 2013 Kamewa Water Jet (P and S ) Sweden
-01 Ship Set Make- Kamewa Sweden
Model- 2 X 71S II for ICGS C-144
20 Aug 2013 Coast Guard Region West For ICG
6 Aug 2013 Grenade No.90 smoke MK-III and
Matches Fuze
3 Sep 2013 DG ITBP For ITBP,
Grenade Qty:
4594 Nos.,
Fuze Qty:
946 Nos.

20. 20 | Eye on Defence
List of Industrial Licenses (ILs) filed
for May 2013—August 2013
Application
no. and date
Name of the applicant Item of manufacture
51
29/08/2013
MKU Pvt. Ltd Bullet proof over vest, bullet proof jacket, cancellable vest, floatation
vest, half body suit and other jackets
50
22/08/2013
Vetrivel Explosives Pvt. Ltd Manufacture of industrial explosives
49
20/08/2013
KSEDC Ltd (Keltron) Sonar systems, portable diver detection system, combat system
(sea mines),command and control system, navigational system
48 8/8/2013 Quest Global Manufacture Pvt. Ltd Components and accessories and others
47 8/8/2013 Rossell India Ltd div Rossell Techsys Manufacturing of special purpose machinery/equipment, their
components and accessories and others
46
31/07/2013
Lokesh Machine Ltd Manufacture of aircrafts, spacecraft and their parts
45
17/07/2013
Aman Aviation & Aerospace
Solutions Pvt. Ltd
Parts-military aircraft, unmanned aerial vehicle, u-cav, installation/
mfg. of assembly of aircraft sub systems etc.
44
15/07/2013
CDET Explosives Industries Pvt. Ltd Detonators, delay elements, shock tubes, detonating fuse, cast
boosters, pent, cartridge explosives, bulk explosives
43
15/07/2013
Indian Armour Systems Pvt Ltd Explosive ordinance disposal suit
42
15/07/2013
Bharat Explosives Ltd HMX explosives
41 9/7/2013 Premier Explosives Ltd Ammunition fired artillery, tanks, helicopters, aircrafts and naval
crafts
40 8/7/2013 Deepak Fertilisers and
Petrochemical Corpn Ltd
Ammonium Nitrate
39 8/7/2013 Deepak Fertilisers and
Petrochemical Corpn Ltd
Ammonium Nitrate-300000
38 8/7/2013 Smartchem Technologies Ltd Nitric Acid (100%)
37
27/06/2013
Singareni Chemicals Private Ltd Conversions of ammonium nitrate from melt to solid or vice versa
36
24/06/2013
S.D Enterprises Ammonium nitrate
35
24/06/2013
Explotek Chemicals Private Ltd Ammonium nitrate
34
21/06/2013
L&T shipbuilding Ltd IL for manufacture of defense equipment in SEZ.
33
21/06/2013
Pipavav defense and offshoring
engineering co. Ltd
Manufacture, assembly and testing of all calibres of ammunition
ranging from 20mm to 203mm for Indian armed forces
32
21/06/2013
Mil vehicles and technologies
private Ltd
Manufacturing of light armoured vehicles, high mobility light
recovery vehicles, multi-utility vehicles, sales of parts and providing
services with respect to special purpose vehicles
31
17/06/2013
Gujarat narmada valley and
fertilizers Ltd
Calcium ammonium nitrate N%25

21. 30
11/6/2013
Bharuch nitrate private Ltd Conversion of aluminum nitrate melts into solid and possess for sale
29
10/6/2013
Mittal appliances Ltd Bullet cups and cartridge case cups
28
6/6/2013
Gujarat narmada valley and
fertilizers Ltd
Ammonium nitrate melt
27
5/6/2013
Emul tek private Ltd Mixed explosives
26
3/6/2013
Kakatiya industries private Ltd Ammonium nitrate
25
3/6/2013
Punj llyod industries Ltd Special naval equipment like torpedoes, accessories, components
and other components N.E.C.
24
29/05/2013
Ashoka industries Manufacture of arms and armaments
23
29/05/2013
Lords Vanijya private Ltd Manufacture of arms and armaments
22
17/05/2013
Multimetals Ltd Copper and copper alloy rotating bands and munitions, metal parts
21 7/5/2013 Indian Armour Systems Private Ltd Armouring of vehicle
20 6/5/2013 Shan Defense Corporation Manufacture of explosives, ammunition and fireworks
21Eye on Defence |

22. 22 | Eye on Defence
New projects/
investments/contracts
Name of entity Project details Value*
Ministry of
Defense
►
►
►
• The MoD has decided the Army’s new battlefield management system (BMS) will be
acquired as a “Make India” program, under which only domestic companies are allowed to
participate.
• The BMS, which is part of the Army’s network-centric warfare program, will link infantry-
level troops on the battlefield to command headquarters.
• Expressions of interest (EOIs) will be sent to more than a dozen Indian defense companies,
private and state owned, inviting them to participate in the program.
• While only domestic defense companies will be allowed to compete for BMS, these
companies will forge ties with overseas defense majors to acquire advanced technologies.
INR
320
billion
BrahMos • BrahMos Aerospace has already started deliveries to the Indian Army and Indian Navy and
will start deliveries of a modified version to the IAF from 2015.
• BrahMos Aerospace has bagged orders from the Indian Defense Forces for missiles of 290
km range that can be launched from multiple platforms.
INR250
billion
BAE Systems • BAE Systems is poised to win a foreign military sale to India of 145 of BAE Systems’ M777
155mm Light-Weight Towed Howitzer field guns.
INR57
billion
Bharat Dynamics
Ltd (BDL)
• The MoD has signed a contract with BDL for the delivery of T-90 tank missiles manufactured
under a Russian license to the Indian Army.
• Bharat Dynamics has been manufacturing the missiles in collaboration with Russia’s state
arms exporter, Rosoboronexport.
• India is planning to procure 25,000 Invar missiles for its T-90 tanks, including 10,000 to be
bought directly from Russia and 15,000 to be manufactured domestically under Russian
license.
INR30
billion
Indian Army • ► The Indian Army plans to buy about 2,000 pieces of laser-guided simulation firing-support
equipment, which will be used by the armored and mechanized infantry regiments.
• The Army plans to install the equipment in close to 55 armored regiments operating
Russian origin T-72 and T-90 tanks, as well as 45 mechanized infantry regiments, which are
using Russian BMP infantry combat vehicles.
INR10
billion
The Defense
Research and
Development
Organization
(DRDO)
• The DRDO is planning to set up three nano research and production facilities in Delhi,
Hyderabad and Kanpur.
• The facilities will realize the potential of Nano technology in modern warfare.
INR10
billion
Basant
Aerospace Pvt.
Ltd
• ► Basant Aerospace Pvt Ltd and MiG Russian Aircraft Corporation (RAC MiG) signed two deals
as part of a general offset contract awarded by the IAF. The document was signed at MAKS-
2013, an international airshow held in Moscow.
• The first contract stipulates that a service center in India to refurbish airborne radars Zhuk-
ME produced by Phazotron NIIR must be built. The second contract, valued at US$2 million,
envisages that a service center to repair the equipment of advanced MiG 29 UPG type
aircraft will be set up.
INR3.5
billion
Citigroup • Citigroup Inc.’s private equity unit, Citi Venture Capital International, has invested in
Bangalore-based automotive and aerospace component maker Sansera Engineering Pvt.
Ltd.
INR3.4
billion

23. 23Eye on Defence |
Hero MotoCorp Hero MotoCorp is planning to diversify into the defense sector by offering the Army its line of
all-terrain vehicles (ATVs) and off-road motorcycles.
NA
Tata Motors • Tata Motors’ Defense division has bagged an order from Bharat Electronics to supply 26
Tata 6x6 multi-axle high-mobility mobile platforms to mount radar applications.
• These platforms in the 6x6, 8x8 and 12x12 specifications will give BEL’s radar system the
mobility to be placed strategically, at almost any location, to detect both low-flying aircraft
and spy planes, and the ability to detect other kinds of intrusions.
NA
BDL • BDL is establishing three arms production lines at Visakhapatnam and Ibrahimpatnam in
Andhra Pradesh, and Amravathi in Maharashtra.
• The Amravathi unit will assemble Akash surface-to-air-missiles (SAMs), a locally designed air
defense system, while the Visakhapatnam unit will build lightweight torpedoes for the Indian
Navy.
NA
Pilatus • IAF’s Chief Air Marshal NAK Browne has written to AK Anotony suggesting the import of
106 PC-7 mark II trainers from a Swiss-based company Pilatus.
• IAF has turned down the proposal of Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd, a state-run aerospace
company, to make a basic trainer aircraft for new IAF pilots.
• Earlier in 2009, the MoD had approved the IAF’s plans to procure 181 basic trainer aircraft
(BTAs), out of which 75 were contracted to Pilatus Aircraft at a cost of INR 40 billion and
the remaining 106 BTAs were given to HAL.
NA
Indian Space
Research
Organization
(ISRO)
• ISRO’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, PSLV-C22, has successfully launched IRNSS-1A, the
first satellite in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS).
• The IRNSS would provide two types of services, namely, Standard Positioning Services
(SPS), provided to all users, and Restricted Services (RS), provided only to authorized users.
NA
Boeing and
Indian navy
• Boeing delivered a P-8I maritime reconnaissance and anti-submarine aircraft in May 2013.
• The original contract is for eight aircraft. The Indian Government is ready to buy four more
aircraft.
• The Indian Navy’s selection of the P-8I is a big win for Boeing to become entrenched in the
Indian defense market.
NA
Information
Satellite System
(ISS), Russia
• ISS will build a communications satellite for an Indian company on the basis of a domestic
satellite platform. The contract has been signed by a general designer at the Information
Satellite Systems open joint stock company Nikolay Testoyedov and Aonesat President
Subba Rao Pavuluri.
• The Aonesat-1 communications satellite will be created by the Russian company on the
basis of the modern medium-class satellite platform Express-1000H. The active service life
of the satellite is 15 years. According to the terms of the contract, the satellite is planned to
be put into orbit by 2016.
NA
HAL • ►Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd (HAL) is planning to set up its manufacturing unit of advanced
utility helicopter in Bidar district.
• The district administration has identified three locations in the Bidar district and
communicated this to the MoD. The state government offered to make the required land
available for free.
NA
*The values of the deals have been converted to Indian Rupees using Oanda currency conversion tool
1US$ = INR64

24. 24 | Eye on Defence
Sources:
1. Vivek Raghuvanshi, “India goes local for battle system”, Defense News, 22 July 2013, via Factiva.
2. “BrahMos bags orders worth Rs250 billion from the Indian defense forces”, Indian Business Insight, 31 July 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 Informatics
(India) Ltd.
3. Jill R. Aitoro, “BAE Systems poised to land India’s bruised and battered howitzer contract”, Washington Business Journal Online, 14 August 2013,
via Factiva © 2013 American City Business Journals, Inc.
4. “India Ministry of Defense signs contract for T-90 missiles”, RIA Novosti, 21 August 2013, via Factiva.
5. “Hi-tech firing support equipment for Army tanks”, Deccan Herald, 3 August 2013, via Factiva, ©2013. The Printers (Mysore) Private Ltd.
6. “DRDO to set up nano materials research, production units”, Indian Business Insight , 25 July 2013, via Factiva © 2013 Informatics (India) Ltd.
7. Kenan Machado, “Citi’s Private-Equity unit invests in Indian company”, The Wall Street Journal Online, 9 July 2013, © Dow Jones & Company, Inc.
8. “Hero targets defense for margin push”, The Telegraph, 12 August 2013, via Factiva© 2013. ABP Pvt. Ltd.
9. “India establishing three new arms production lines”, Forecast International Defense Intelligence Newsletters, 9 August 2013, via Factiva.
10. “IAF urges defense minister to import 106 PC-7 from Pilatus, rejects HAL’s proposal”, Conify, 29 July 2013, via Factiva.
11. “Tata Motors to furnish 26 units for Radar applications”, Industry 2.0, 30 August 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 Nine Dot Nine Mediaworx Pvt. Ltd.
12. Amrita Nair-Ghaswalla,”Boeing eyes larger share of Indian defense market”, Business Line, 2 July 2013, via Factiva.
13. Rajat Pandit, “Missile-armed Rudra choppers to join Army in Aug”, The Times of India, 10 July 2013, via Factiva.
14. “Department of Space: ISRO Successfully Launches India’s First Navigation Satellite IRNSS-1A”, Contify, 2 July 2013, via Factiva.
15. “Russian firm to build communications satellite for India”, BBC Monitoring Former Soviet Union, 28 August 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 The British
Broadcasting Corporation.
16. “RAC MiG concludes $55m deal”, RosBusinessConsulting, 28 August 2013, via Factiva.
17. “HAL Unit Planned in Bidar”, New Indian Express, 8 September 2013, via Factiva.

25. 25Eye on Defence |
JVs and alliances
Name of the entities Nature of transaction Value*
Dynamatic
Technologies and
AeroVironment
• Dynamatic Technologies and AeroVironment have signed a teaming agreement to
address the growing global demand for Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS).
• The agreement will enable Dynamatic and AeroVironment to work together on a
number of business opportunities for potential customers, including the MoD and the
Ministry of Home Affairs.
NA
Boeing and
Dynamatic
Technologies
• Boeing has tied up with Dynamatic Technologies of India for a supplier contract.
• As per the deal, Dynamatic will manufacture the aft pylon and cargo ramp assemblies
for Boeing’s CH-47F Chinook.
HAL and Sagem • HAL has entered a contract with Safran group company Sagem to set up manufacturing
and depot-level maintenance facilities.
• The facility will look forward to in-house manufacture and depot level maintenance of
AFCS and LRUs for the ALH Dhruv and HJT-36 Sitara intermediate jet trainer programs.
• The contract also includes the Turbomeca Shakti engine for the Dhruv and light utility
helicopter and technology in the Mirage 2000 upgrade program.
NA
Sources:
1. “Dynamatic, AeroVironment tie up”, Business Line (The Hindu), 17 August 2013, via Factiva.
2. “Boeing & Dynamatic tie up for Chinook”, Indian Business Insight, 5 July 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 Informatics (India) Ltd.
3. “HAL, Sagem to cooperate”, Contify, 1 July 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 SP Guide Publications Pvt. Ltd.

26. 26 | Eye on Defence
Country-level deals
and initiatives
Country Nature of transaction Additional details
France The Defense Minister of France
visited India from 25-27 July, 2013.
• The deal involves proposal for procurement of 126 medium multi-
role aircraft for the Indian Air Force. The contract is at the state of
negotiation with the L1 vendor, Dassault Aviation of France.
• India and France are expected to sign an agreement on the Rafale
aircraft deal worth INR 500 billion.
• France has proposed a joint Aero-naval exercise in the Indian Ocean
Region.
The US The US Government has decided to
sell to the Government of India 145
M777 155 mm lightweight towed
Howitzers with laser inertial artillery
pointing systems, warranty, spare
and repair parts, maintenance and
training equipment for about INR57
billion.
• On 2 Aug 2013, the US Government’s Department of Defense had
notified the US Congress about the proposed sale.
• The Indian Government intends to use the Howitzers to modernize
its Armed Forces and enhance its ability to operate in hazardous
conditions.
Singapore The Armed Forces of India and
Singapore signed a bilateral
agreement for periodic training and
exercises in India for a period of five
years until August 2018.
• There are ongoing interactions and exchanges between the Armed
Forces of India and of Singapore in areas of mutual interest,
including training, joint exercises and functional exchanges.
• As Singapore and India do not share a maritime boundary, there is
no proposal for conduct of joint naval patrols.
Sources:
1. “Ministry of Defense: Indo-France Defense Deals”, India Public Sector News, 20 August 2013, via Factiva, © 2013. Contify.com
2. “India, France to go for joint production of military hardware”, Indian Business Insight, 27 July 2013, via Factiva © 2013 Informatics (India) Ltd
3. “US okays sale of Howitzers to India”, Indian Business Insight, 10 August 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 Informatics (India) Ltd
4. “Indian interest in US-2 amphibian aircraft”, Vayu Aerospace & Defense Review, 30 June 2013, via Factiva © 2013. Vayu Aerospace & Defense Review.
5. “Agreement with Singapore for Joint Military Exercises”, Press Information Bureau website, http://pib.nic.in/newsite/AdvSearch.aspx accessed 13
September, 2013

27. 27Eye on Defence |
Industry buzz
MoD’s new rule may hurt IT companies
A new MoD rule can affect contracts worth billions of
dollars between software companies and global arms
manufacturers. The new rule was conceived after a defense
procurement scandal involved bribery through fake
contracts with software companies. According to offset
rules, any foreign company winning a defense contract
worth over US$60 million must spend at least 30% of
the contract value in procuring services or supplies from
India. For Indian IT companies such as Wipro, TCS and HCL
Technologies, this represents an opportunity worth about
US$10 billion in the current year. The new memo prevented
companies from counting research and design, software
testing and training as part of their offset requirement. The
memo is also aimed at promoting the indigenous Indian
defense industry. It applies not only to software but also to
all services. The Indian IT industry will take a blow from this,
because of the high demand for software and engineering
services in the US and Europe. IT companies are lobbying
with the Government to limit the possible damage from the
rule.
(Source: Jochelle Mendonca,”How Ministry of Defense’s new rule may
hurt IT companies”, The Times of India, 17 July 3013, via Factiva.)
Indian military satellite put into the
Earth’s orbit
India’s first military satellite GSAT-7 has been put into
the geosynchronous orbit, about 36,000 km above the
Earth, five days after it was launched on Aug 30 onboard
an European rocket from Kourou in French Guiana off the
Pacific coast. The advanced multi-band communication
satellite has been placed in the geosynchronous orbit after
three orbit-raising maneuvers from the master control
facility at Hassan in Karnataka. The satellite will reach its
assigned orbital slot of 74 degree east longitude in the
geostationary orbit within 10 days from placement into
the orbit. Its transponders in UHF, S, C and Ku bands will
be switched in September 2014.The four transponders will
improve the maritime communication among the Indian
Navy’s warships. A 108 ampere-hour Lithium-ion battery
will enable the INR 1.8 billion satellite to function even
during the eclipse period.
(Source: “Indian ‘military’ satellite put into earth’s orbit”, Indo-Asian
News Service, 3 September 2013, via Factiva.)
India plans air-launched BrahMos flight
tests in 2013
India plans to conduct flight tests of the air-launched version
of the BrahMos missile before the end of 2013. The missile
used in the tests will not contain propellant. The Indian Air
Force plans to field the air-launched version of BrahMos by
2015. India is hoping to win export orders for the BrahMos.
The missile will arm the Indian Air Force Su-30MKI fighter
aircraft. India is also working on a hypersonic version, called
BrahMos 2. The BrahMos 2 could have a top speed of Mach
5, but it might be as high as Mach 7. The first prototype
BrahMos 2 will be ready for flight testing in 2017. The
BrahMos 2 will be available in ground-launched, airborne,
and sea-launched versions.
(Source: “India plans air-launched BrahMos flight tests in 2013”,
Forecast International Defense Intelligence Newsletters, 31 July 2013,
via Factiva.)
ISRO calls off GSLV launch after fuel leak
The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) will
investigate imperfections in its indigenous cryogenic upper-
stage Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV)
program. The GSLV-D5’s mission to launch the advanced
communication satellite GSAT-14 into orbit was aborted due
to a fuel leak on 19 August 2013. The mission was called
off at a fairly advanced stage of the 29-hour countdown at
the second launch pad of the Sriharikota spaceport. This
was the eighth flight of the GSLV, the fourth developmental
flight and only the second time in three years that the
indigenously developed cryogenic upper stage was flight
tested. The INR 2-billion expendable rocket’s mission was to
inject the cuboid-shaped and 1982-kg weighing GSAT-14
in orbit to signal India’s entry into an ivy league of nations
with frontier capabilities of launching 2,000-2,500 kg class
of advanced communication satellites in outer space. The
satellite’s mission was to augment the in-orbit capacity of
the extended C and Ku-band transponders in the INSAT-
GSAT ecosystem to set the stage for new and exciting
experiments driven by satellite-based communication.
(Source: M. Dinesh Varma, “ISRO calls off GSLV launch after fuel leak”,
The Hindu, 20 August 2013, via Factiva, ©2013. Kasturi & Sons Ltd.)

28. 28 | Eye on Defence
Hercules will get own hub in Bengal to
combat Chinese aggression
The gigantic C-130J Super Hercules aircraft is going to have
its own hub in Panagarh, an Indian Air Force (IAF) station in
West Bengal, to combat the Chinese aggression along the
border. The IAF landed it at its Daulat Beg Oldie airstrip in
Northeastern Ladakh in August. The Panagarh air base is
going to be the second hub of the C-130J in the country,
with the first being the Hindon air force station. The Air
Force station is strategically very important and is being
developed as one of the major flying bases in EAC. The
station, with its proximity to Nepal, Bangladesh and Central
Tibet, presents an ideal base for C-130J to address external
and internal threats to the nation. The induction of C-130J
at Panagarh will enable the IAF to mobilize troops to the
forward eastern front in the shortest possible time.
(Source: Rajib Chowdhuri, “Hercules will get own hub in Bengal”, The
Asian Age, 2 September 2013, via Factiva, © 2013. Deccan Chronicle
Holdings Ltd.)
Boeing C-17 introduced into Indian
air force
The Indian Air Force has officially introduced the Boeing
C-17 Globemaster III strategic transport. A formal ceremony
was conducted to mark the occasion at air force station
Hindan, the home base for the Air Force’s C-17s. Flown
by the recently raised 81 Sqn Skylords, the type will
significantly improve India’s airlift competences. The Indian
Air Force obtained its first three C-17s in June, July and
August (in that order) this year. It will inaugurate two more
into service before the end of this year, with the remaining
five to be supplied in 2014. At present, the US Air Force has
finished the training of 20 pilots and 10 loadmasters for the
Indian Air Force.
(Source: “Boeing C-17 introduced into Indian air force”, Mena Report, 4
September 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 Al Bawaba.)
India sends Heron drones to LAC to boost
surveillance efforts
India’s most potent Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), the
Israel-made Herons, are being re-deployed from Western
borders to those in the east, along the 4,057 km-long Line
of Actual Control (LAC). The relentless aggression of the
People’s Liberation Army (PLA) seems to have finally driven
the Army to take action. The Army, as part of its larger plan
to bolster surveillance and monitoring capabilities along the
LAC, wants to replace all its Searcher MK-II UAVs ( currently
deployed along the border with China) with the Herons.
The proposal came directly from the ground formations
posted along the LAC. The Army will soon issue a formal
communication about the proposal to the MoD, seeking
budget and to process it further.
(Source: Jugal R Purohit, “India sends Heron drones to LAC to boost
surveillance efforts”, Mail Online, 9 September 2013, via Factiva, © 2013
Associated Newspapers.)
Drones to shore up security along the
Eastern coast
A special team, comprising top police officials and scientists,
successfully launched a test flight of drones in Kalpakkam.
Drones, especially designed for longer range and endurance,
would be procured for coastal security purposes in Tamil
Nadu, if feasible. The fixed wing mini unmanned air plane will
be an aerodynamically designed vehicle with a range of about
30 km and an endurance of at least six hours. The remote
controlled Drone will be equipped with technology for the
transmission of live visuals to the ground station.
(Source: S. Vijay Kumar, “Drones to shore up security along eastern
coast“, The Hindu, 20 August 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 Kasturi & Sons
Ltd.)
India’s launches its first nuclear submarine
India has switched on the reactor of its first indigenously
designed and built nuclear submarine, the Arihant, giving it
the power to launch nuclear missiles from land, air and sea
for the first time. Once fully operational, its dozen nuclear-
tipped missiles will be capable of devastating foreign cities
such as Karachi or Shanghai from hundreds of miles away
deep beneath the sea. The Indian Navy’s 6,000-ton vessel’s
85-megawatt nuclear reactor went critical, the point at which
a reaction becomes self-sustaining, after months of testing
at a military shipyard in Visakhapatnam. The Arihant, which
has a top speed of 44km per hour, is the first submarine
capable of launching ballistic missiles to have been designed
and constructed by a country other than the five recognized
nuclear powers — the US, Russia, China, Britain and France.
(Source: Robin Pagnamenta , “India’s first nuclear sub leads its quest
to join superpowers”, The Times, 12 August 2013, via Factiva, © 2013
Times Newspapers Ltd.)
India set to get aircraft carrier from Russia
without key air defense weapon
India will get INS Vikramaditya, formerly Admiral Gorshkov
aircraft carrier, delivered from Russia later this year. The

29. 29Eye on Defence |
45,000-ton Kiev class INS Vikramaditya will reach India later
this year without a Close In Weapon Systems (CIWS) and a
LR-SAM on board. However, during the first and immediate
refit on the warship’s arrival at the Karwar naval base in
Karnataka, Vikramaditya will be retrofitted with a Russian-
origin AK-630 rapid fire gun. The LR-SAM will be integrated
onto the warship only during its subsequent refit, which
could happen after three years. The delay in getting the
air defense Long Range Surface-to-Air Missile, or LR-SAM,
will be at the Indian end, as the authority has decided to
develop one jointly with Israel and the project is facing time
overruns. LR-SAM is a defense mechanism to intercept an
incoming enemy missile and aircraft that could pose threat
to an aircraft carrier. The Indo-Israeli LR-SAM will have a
70-km range, and partners in this venture are the DRDO and
the Israeli Aerospace Industries.
(Source: “India may get aircraft carrier from Russia minus key weapon”,
BBC Monitoring South Asia, 5 August 2013, via Factiva.)
Safety check ordered in the aftermath of
the submarine blast
The Defense Minister ordered an extensive check on
weapon-related safety systems on all of its submarines
in the aftermath of the blasts on the INS Sindhurakshak.
The Russian-built K-class submarine INS Sindhurakshak
exploded in flames at its dock in Mumbai, leaving 18 sailors
and officers trapped and feared dead on 14 August 2013.
Preliminary investigations revealed that the blast had
taken place due to the possible ignition of armament. The
cause of ignition is, however, yet to be established. Forensic
examination would throw more light into the possible cause
of ignition. A board of inquiry with all the relevant specialists
has been constituted to investigate the likely causes of the
accident at the earliest.
(Source: “Safety check on subs ordered”, The Asian Age, 21 August
2013, via Factiva, © 2013. Deccan Chronicle Holdings Ltd.)
Navy set to upgrade, boost existing fleet
The Navy has proposed several projects, such as the
upgrade of the Shishumar class (HDW Type 209)
submarines, to equip the forces with anti-ship missiles,
fire control system upgrade of Kilo submarine, simulators
for training the crew on weapons firing and tenders for a
new range of conventional submarines. The upgrade of
the Shishumar submarines is likely to be cleared at the
earliest. It will be a major capability enhancement over the
current weapon complement, which consists of torpedoes
and mines. The upgrade for two of the four submarines of
the class with the Navy is likely to cost under INR10 billion,
which will include the purchase of nearly 100 Harpoon
missiles from the US. The original manufacturers of the
submarine, German company HDW, will be roped in for
the upgrade and training of the crew. While INS Shalki and
Shankul will be upgraded, a decision on the other two will be
taken later.
(Source: Manu Pubby, “ Navy set to upgrade, boost existing fleet”, Indian
Express, 9 September 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 Indian Express Online
Media Pvt. Ltd.)
Uncertainty over delivery of nine
AgustaWestland choppers
The INR 36-billion deal with Italy’s Finmeccanica, marred
by allegations of bribery, has created an air of uncertainty
for the delivery nine AW 101 helicopters to the Indian Air
Force. The trial is set to resume in Italy from September
17 onward into alleged corruption by the top executives of
AgustaWestland and Finmeccanica. The judge has approved
the list of witnesses requested by the prosecution and
the defense, and the two sides will decide on the relevant
witnesses to be called for testimony. Mr. Orsi, as Head of
Italy-based Finmeccanica and its UK-based helicopter unit
AgustaWestland, is accused of taking part in a bid to corrupt
Indian officials while competing for a new Indian Air Force
VVIP helicopter. AgustaWestland bagged the order worth
US$582 million for 12 AW101 helicopters in 2010. The first
three VVIP AgustaWestland helicopters, which arrived at the
Palam Air Force base, last December have been kept running
by the IAF.
(Source: Vinay Kumar, “Uncertainty over delivery of 9 AgustaWestland
choppers”, The Hindu, 9 September 2013,via Factiva © 2013 Kasturi &
Sons Ltd.)
Rupee slump not to hit Boeing’s jet orders
in India
Boeing expects the Indian Rupee’s slump to be temporary
and predicts no impact from this on business in Asia. In
February, the company forecast that carriers in India will
need 1,450 new planes valued at US$175 billion over the
next 20 years. The International Air Transport Association
predicts that India may become the world’s fastest-growing
aviation market after Kazakhstan by 2016.
(Source: “Rupee slump not to hit India jet orders: Boeing”, Khaleej
Times, 8 September 2013, via Factiva.)

30. 30 | Eye on Defence
Bombardier to explore market for CSeries
in India
Bombardier is planning to tap the Indian market for its
100-160 seater CSeries aircraft. The commercial aircraft
manufacturer has already commenced negotiations with
Indian airlines. According to the company, the CSeries has a
12% cost advantage over other new generation aircraft and
a 20% cost advantage over older generation aircraft.
(Source: “Bombardier to explore market for CSeries in India “, Indian
Business Insight, 18 August 2013, via Factiva, © 2013 Informatics
(India) Ltd.)
UTC to bring products under single brand
United Technologies Corporation targets a turnover of
US$2.5 billion from its Indian operations. The player is
looking at bundling its various products under a unified
brand to achieve the target. UTC had reported around US$
1 billion turnover last fiscal and is confident of achieving
the US$2.5-billion target by 2015. The company is planning
to offer products such as elevators (OTIS), air conditioners
(Carrier), chillers, fire safety and security systems
integrated as a technology solution and as a package under
a single brand name. The company is also expanding its
manufacturing facilities.
(Source: “UTC to bring products under single brand”, The Hindu, 25 July
2013, via Factiva © 2013 Kasturi & Sons Ltd.)
Rolls-Royce to help Indian companies
leverage technical solutions
Rolls-Royce launched a program, India Open Innovation
programme (IOiN-RR), to identify partners to buy or license
new and potentially beneficial technologies. IOiN-RR is
designed to identify small- and mid-size Indian organizations
to buy or license technologies or techniques that are
new and are outside its traditional areas of operation and
potentially beneficial, according to a company statement.
This would provide Indian organizations with the opportunity
to leverage their solutions globally.
(Source: “Rolls-Royce to help Indian firms leverage technical solutions”,
Press Trust of India, 24 July 2013, via Factiva.)

31. 31Eye on Defence |

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