Abstract Cement is the most popular material used in construction, recent trend is in concrete cement is replaced by admixtures such as GGBS, fly ash, slag, silica fume and metakaolin to improve the characteristics of high performance of concrete in order to reduce the creep and shrinkage and to improve tensile strength, fibers are added. The scope of present investigation deals with the strength properties of high performance concrete, on the effect of partial replacement of cement by silica fume with different percentages viz 0%, 10% and 20% was used in the concrete mix containing composite fibers (steel and polypropylene) of different percentages viz 0%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1% steel fibers and 0.25% polypropylene fiber constant for all silica fumeconcrete mixes on the properties of high performance concrete. An aggregate binder ratio of 2.5 and different water binder ratio viz 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40 with super plasticizer of 0.6% by weight of binder was used in this investigation. Each series consists prisms, cylinders and cubes as per IS standard. The tests are conducted to find out the flexural strength, split tensile strength and compressive strength at the age of 7 days and 28 days. Key Words: silica fume, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, super plasticizer, strength properties.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete for pavementseSAT Journals
Abstract
The effect of addition of mono fibers and hybrid fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete mixture is studied in the present
investigation. Steel fibers of 1% and polypropylene fibers 0.036% were added individually to the concrete mixture as mono fibers and
then they were added together to form a hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Mechanical properties such as compressive, split tensile and
flexural strength were determined. The results show that hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength marginally as compared to
mono fibers. Whereas, hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength noticeably.
Keywords:-Hybridization, mono fibers, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, Improvement in mechanical properties.
Material management in construction – a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to understand about all the problems occurring in the company because of improper application
of material management. In construction project operation, often there is a project cost variance in terms of the material, equipments,
manpower, subcontractor, overhead cost, and general condition. Material is the main component in construction projects. Therefore,
if the material management is not properly managed it will create a project cost variance. Project cost can be controlled by taking
corrective actions towards the cost variance. Therefore a methodology is used to diagnose and evaluate the procurement process
involved in material management and launch a continuous improvement was developed and applied. A thorough study was carried
out along with study of cases, surveys and interviews to professionals involved in this area. As a result, a methodology for diagnosis
and improvement was proposed and tested in selected projects. The results obtained show that the main problem of procurement is
related to schedule delays and lack of specified quality for the project. To prevent this situation it is often necessary to dedicate
important resources like money, personnel, time, etc. To monitor and control the process. A great potential for improvement was
detected if state of the art technologies such as, electronic mail, electronic data interchange (EDI), and analysis were applied to the
procurement process. These helped to eliminate the root causes for many types of problems that were detected.
Managing drought short term strategies in semi arid regions a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
Drought management needs multidisciplinary action. Interdisciplinary efforts among the experts in various fields of the droughts
prone areas are helpful to achieve tangible and permanent solution for this recurring problem. The Gulbarga district having the total
area around 16, 240 sq.km, and accounts 8.45 per cent of the Karnataka state area. The district has been situated with latitude 17º 19'
60" North and longitude of 76 º 49' 60" east. The district is situated entirely on the Deccan plateau positioned at a height of 300 to
750 m above MSL. Sub-tropical, semi-arid type is one among the drought prone districts of Karnataka State. The drought
management is very important for a district like Gulbarga. In this paper various short term strategies are discussed to mitigate the
drought condition in the district.
Keywords: Drought, South-West monsoon, Semi-Arid, Rainfall, Strategies etc.
Life cycle cost analysis of overlay for an urban road in bangaloreeSAT Journals
Abstract
Pavements are subjected to severe condition of stresses and weathering effects from the day they are constructed and opened to traffic
mainly due to its fatigue behavior and environmental effects. Therefore, pavement rehabilitation is one of the most important
components of entire road systems. This paper highlights the design of concrete pavement with added mono fibers like polypropylene,
steel and hybrid fibres for a widened portion of existing concrete pavement and various overlay alternatives for an existing
bituminous pavement in an urban road in Bangalore. Along with this, Life cycle cost analyses at these sections are done by Net
Present Value (NPV) method to identify the most feasible option. The results show that though the initial cost of construction of
concrete overlay is high, over a period of time it prove to be better than the bituminous overlay considering the whole life cycle cost.
The economic analysis also indicates that, out of the three fibre options, hybrid reinforced concrete would be economical without
compromising the performance of the pavement.
Keywords: - Fatigue, Life cycle cost analysis, Net Present Value method, Overlay, Rehabilitation
Laboratory studies of dense bituminous mixes ii with reclaimed asphalt materialseSAT Journals
Abstract
The issue of growing demand on our nation’s roadways over that past couple of decades, decreasing budgetary funds, and the need to
provide a safe, efficient, and cost effective roadway system has led to a dramatic increase in the need to rehabilitate our existing
pavements and the issue of building sustainable road infrastructure in India. With these emergency of the mentioned needs and this
are today’s burning issue and has become the purpose of the study.
In the present study, the samples of existing bituminous layer materials were collected from NH-48(Devahalli to Hassan) site.The
mixtures were designed by Marshall Method as per Asphalt institute (MS-II) at 20% and 30% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP).
RAP material was blended with virgin aggregate such that all specimens tested for the, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II (DBM-II)
gradation as per Ministry of Roads, Transport, and Highways (MoRT&H) and cost analysis were carried out to know the economics.
Laboratory results and analysis showed the use of recycled materials showed significant variability in Marshall Stability, and the
variability increased with the increase in RAP content. The saving can be realized from utilization of recycled materials as per the
methodology, the reduction in the total cost is 19%, 30%, comparing with the virgin mixes.
Keywords: Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Marshall Stability, MS-II, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II
Laboratory investigation of expansive soil stabilized with natural inorganic ...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on stabilizing expansive black cotton soil with the natural inorganic stabilizer RBI-81. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of RBI-81 on the soil's engineering properties. The tests showed that with 2% RBI-81 and 28 days of curing, the unconfined compressive strength increased by around 250% and the CBR value improved by approximately 400% compared to the untreated soil. Overall, the study found that RBI-81 effectively improved the strength properties of the black cotton soil and its suitability as a soil stabilizer was supported.
Influence of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block masonry p...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Reinforced masonry was developed to exploit the strength potential of masonry and to solve its lack of tensile strength. Experimental
and analytical studies have been carried out to investigate the effect of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block
masonry prisms under compression and to predict ultimate failure compressive strength. In the numerical program, three dimensional
non-linear finite elements (FE) model based on the micro-modeling approach is developed for both unreinforced and reinforced
masonry prisms using ANSYS (14.5). The proposed FE model uses multi-linear stress-strain relationships to model the non-linear
behavior of hollow concrete block, mortar, and grout. Willam-Warnke’s five parameter failure theory has been adopted to model the
failure of masonry materials. The comparison of the numerical and experimental results indicates that the FE models can successfully
capture the highly nonlinear behavior of the physical specimens and accurately predict their strength and failure mechanisms.
Keywords: Structural masonry, Hollow concrete block prism, grout, Compression failure, Finite element method,
Numerical modeling.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Mechanical properties of hybrid fiber reinforced concrete for pavementseSAT Journals
Abstract
The effect of addition of mono fibers and hybrid fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete mixture is studied in the present
investigation. Steel fibers of 1% and polypropylene fibers 0.036% were added individually to the concrete mixture as mono fibers and
then they were added together to form a hybrid fiber reinforced concrete. Mechanical properties such as compressive, split tensile and
flexural strength were determined. The results show that hybrid fibers improve the compressive strength marginally as compared to
mono fibers. Whereas, hybridization improves split tensile strength and flexural strength noticeably.
Keywords:-Hybridization, mono fibers, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, Improvement in mechanical properties.
Material management in construction – a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
The objective of the present study is to understand about all the problems occurring in the company because of improper application
of material management. In construction project operation, often there is a project cost variance in terms of the material, equipments,
manpower, subcontractor, overhead cost, and general condition. Material is the main component in construction projects. Therefore,
if the material management is not properly managed it will create a project cost variance. Project cost can be controlled by taking
corrective actions towards the cost variance. Therefore a methodology is used to diagnose and evaluate the procurement process
involved in material management and launch a continuous improvement was developed and applied. A thorough study was carried
out along with study of cases, surveys and interviews to professionals involved in this area. As a result, a methodology for diagnosis
and improvement was proposed and tested in selected projects. The results obtained show that the main problem of procurement is
related to schedule delays and lack of specified quality for the project. To prevent this situation it is often necessary to dedicate
important resources like money, personnel, time, etc. To monitor and control the process. A great potential for improvement was
detected if state of the art technologies such as, electronic mail, electronic data interchange (EDI), and analysis were applied to the
procurement process. These helped to eliminate the root causes for many types of problems that were detected.
Managing drought short term strategies in semi arid regions a case studyeSAT Journals
Abstract
Drought management needs multidisciplinary action. Interdisciplinary efforts among the experts in various fields of the droughts
prone areas are helpful to achieve tangible and permanent solution for this recurring problem. The Gulbarga district having the total
area around 16, 240 sq.km, and accounts 8.45 per cent of the Karnataka state area. The district has been situated with latitude 17º 19'
60" North and longitude of 76 º 49' 60" east. The district is situated entirely on the Deccan plateau positioned at a height of 300 to
750 m above MSL. Sub-tropical, semi-arid type is one among the drought prone districts of Karnataka State. The drought
management is very important for a district like Gulbarga. In this paper various short term strategies are discussed to mitigate the
drought condition in the district.
Keywords: Drought, South-West monsoon, Semi-Arid, Rainfall, Strategies etc.
Life cycle cost analysis of overlay for an urban road in bangaloreeSAT Journals
Abstract
Pavements are subjected to severe condition of stresses and weathering effects from the day they are constructed and opened to traffic
mainly due to its fatigue behavior and environmental effects. Therefore, pavement rehabilitation is one of the most important
components of entire road systems. This paper highlights the design of concrete pavement with added mono fibers like polypropylene,
steel and hybrid fibres for a widened portion of existing concrete pavement and various overlay alternatives for an existing
bituminous pavement in an urban road in Bangalore. Along with this, Life cycle cost analyses at these sections are done by Net
Present Value (NPV) method to identify the most feasible option. The results show that though the initial cost of construction of
concrete overlay is high, over a period of time it prove to be better than the bituminous overlay considering the whole life cycle cost.
The economic analysis also indicates that, out of the three fibre options, hybrid reinforced concrete would be economical without
compromising the performance of the pavement.
Keywords: - Fatigue, Life cycle cost analysis, Net Present Value method, Overlay, Rehabilitation
Laboratory studies of dense bituminous mixes ii with reclaimed asphalt materialseSAT Journals
Abstract
The issue of growing demand on our nation’s roadways over that past couple of decades, decreasing budgetary funds, and the need to
provide a safe, efficient, and cost effective roadway system has led to a dramatic increase in the need to rehabilitate our existing
pavements and the issue of building sustainable road infrastructure in India. With these emergency of the mentioned needs and this
are today’s burning issue and has become the purpose of the study.
In the present study, the samples of existing bituminous layer materials were collected from NH-48(Devahalli to Hassan) site.The
mixtures were designed by Marshall Method as per Asphalt institute (MS-II) at 20% and 30% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP).
RAP material was blended with virgin aggregate such that all specimens tested for the, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II (DBM-II)
gradation as per Ministry of Roads, Transport, and Highways (MoRT&H) and cost analysis were carried out to know the economics.
Laboratory results and analysis showed the use of recycled materials showed significant variability in Marshall Stability, and the
variability increased with the increase in RAP content. The saving can be realized from utilization of recycled materials as per the
methodology, the reduction in the total cost is 19%, 30%, comparing with the virgin mixes.
Keywords: Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Marshall Stability, MS-II, Dense Bituminous Macadam-II
Laboratory investigation of expansive soil stabilized with natural inorganic ...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on stabilizing expansive black cotton soil with the natural inorganic stabilizer RBI-81. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of RBI-81 on the soil's engineering properties. The tests showed that with 2% RBI-81 and 28 days of curing, the unconfined compressive strength increased by around 250% and the CBR value improved by approximately 400% compared to the untreated soil. Overall, the study found that RBI-81 effectively improved the strength properties of the black cotton soil and its suitability as a soil stabilizer was supported.
Influence of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block masonry p...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Reinforced masonry was developed to exploit the strength potential of masonry and to solve its lack of tensile strength. Experimental
and analytical studies have been carried out to investigate the effect of reinforcement on the behavior of hollow concrete block
masonry prisms under compression and to predict ultimate failure compressive strength. In the numerical program, three dimensional
non-linear finite elements (FE) model based on the micro-modeling approach is developed for both unreinforced and reinforced
masonry prisms using ANSYS (14.5). The proposed FE model uses multi-linear stress-strain relationships to model the non-linear
behavior of hollow concrete block, mortar, and grout. Willam-Warnke’s five parameter failure theory has been adopted to model the
failure of masonry materials. The comparison of the numerical and experimental results indicates that the FE models can successfully
capture the highly nonlinear behavior of the physical specimens and accurately predict their strength and failure mechanisms.
Keywords: Structural masonry, Hollow concrete block prism, grout, Compression failure, Finite element method,
Numerical modeling.
Influence of compaction energy on soil stabilized with chemical stabilizereSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on the influence of compaction energy on soil stabilized with a chemical stabilizer. Laboratory tests were conducted on locally available loamy soil treated with a patented polymer liquid stabilizer and compacted at four different energy levels. The study found that increasing the compaction effort increased the density of both untreated and treated soil, but the rate of increase was lower for stabilized soil. Treating the soil with the stabilizer improved its unconfined compressive strength and resilient modulus, and reduced accumulated plastic strain, with these properties further improved by higher compaction efforts. The stabilized soil exhibited strength and performance benefits compared to the untreated soil.
Geographical information system (gis) for water resources managementeSAT Journals
This document describes a hydrological framework developed in the form of a Hydrologic Information System (HIS) to meet the information needs of various government departments related to water management in a state. The HIS consists of a hydrological database coupled with tools for collecting and analyzing spatial and non-spatial water resources data. It also incorporates a hydrological model to indirectly assess water balance components over space and time. A web-based GIS portal was created to allow users to access and visualize the hydrological data, as well as outputs from the SWAT hydrological model. The framework is intended to facilitate integrated water resources planning and management across different administrative levels.
Forest type mapping of bidar forest division, karnataka using geoinformatics ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The study demonstrate the potentiality of satellite remote sensing technique for the generation of baseline information on forest types
including tree plantation details in Bidar forest division, Karnataka covering an area of 5814.60Sq.Kms. The Total Area of Bidar
forest division is 5814Sq.Kms analysis of the satellite data in the study area reveals that about 84% of the total area is Covered by
crop land, 1.778% of the area is covered by dry deciduous forest, 1.38 % of mixed plantation, which is very threatening to the
environmental stability of the forest, future plantation site has been mapped. With the use of latest Geo-informatics technology proper
and exact condition of the trees can be observed and necessary precautions can be taken for future plantation works in an appropriate
manner
Keywords:-RS, GIS, GPS, Forest Type, Tree Plantation
Factors influencing compressive strength of geopolymer concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
To study effects of several factors on the properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete on the compressive strength and also the
cost comparison with the normal concrete. The test variables were molarities of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) 8M,14M and 16M, ratio of
NaOH to sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5, alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio 0.35 and 0.40 and replacement of water in
Na2SiO3 solution by 10%, 20% and 30% were used in the present study. The test results indicated that the highest compressive
strength 54 MPa was observed for 16M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 2.5 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35. Lowest
compressive strength of 27 MPa was observed for 8M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 is 1 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of
0.40. Alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35, water replacement of 10% and 30% for 8 and 16 molarity of NaOH and has resulted in
compressive strength of 36 MPa and 20 MPa respectively. Superplasticiser dosage of 2 % by weight of fly ash has given higher
strength in all cases.
Keywords: compressive strength, alkaline liquid, fly ash
Experimental investigation on circular hollow steel columns in filled with li...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Composite Circular hollow Steel tubes with and without GFRP infill for three different grades of Light weight concrete are tested for
ultimate load capacity and axial shortening , under Cyclic loading. Steel tubes are compared for different lengths, cross sections and
thickness. Specimens were tested separately after adopting Taguchi’s L9 (Latin Squares) Orthogonal array in order to save the initial
experimental cost on number of specimens and experimental duration. Analysis was carried out using ANN (Artificial Neural
Network) technique with the assistance of Mini Tab- a statistical soft tool. Comparison for predicted, experimental & ANN output is
obtained from linear regression plots. From this research study, it can be concluded that *Cross sectional area of steel tube has most
significant effect on ultimate load carrying capacity, *as length of steel tube increased- load carrying capacity decreased & *ANN
modeling predicted acceptable results. Thus ANN tool can be utilized for predicting ultimate load carrying capacity for composite
columns.
Keywords: Light weight concrete, GFRP, Artificial Neural Network, Linear Regression, Back propagation, orthogonal
Array, Latin Squares
Experimental behavior of circular hsscfrc filled steel tubular columns under ...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes an experimental study that tested circular concrete-filled steel tube columns with varying parameters. 45 specimens were tested with different fiber percentages (0-2%), tube diameter-to-wall-thickness ratios (D/t from 15-25), and length-to-diameter (L/d) ratios (from 2.97-7.04). The results found that columns filled with fiber-reinforced concrete exhibited higher stiffness, equal ductility, and enhanced energy absorption compared to those filled with plain concrete. The load carrying capacity increased with fiber content up to 1.5% but not at 2.0%. The analytical predictions of failure load closely matched the experimental values.
Evaluation of punching shear in flat slabseSAT Journals
Abstract
Flat-slab construction has been widely used in construction today because of many advantages that it offers. The basic philosophy in
the design of flat slab is to consider only gravity forces; this method ignores the effect of punching shear due to unbalanced moments
at the slab column junction which is critical. An attempt has been made to generate generalized design sheets which accounts both
punching shear due to gravity loads and unbalanced moments for cases (a) interior column; (b) edge column (bending perpendicular
to shorter edge); (c) edge column (bending parallel to shorter edge); (d) corner column. These design sheets are prepared as per
codal provisions of IS 456-2000. These design sheets will be helpful in calculating the shear reinforcement to be provided at the
critical section which is ignored in many design offices. Apart from its usefulness in evaluating punching shear and the necessary
shear reinforcement, the design sheets developed will enable the designer to fix the depth of flat slab during the initial phase of the
design.
Keywords: Flat slabs, punching shear, unbalanced moment.
Evaluation of performance of intake tower dam for recent earthquake in indiaeSAT Journals
Abstract
Intake towers are typically tall, hollow, reinforced concrete structures and form entrance to reservoir outlet works. A parametric
study on dynamic behavior of circular cylindrical towers can be carried out to study the effect of depth of submergence, wall thickness
and slenderness ratio, and also effect on tower considering dynamic analysis for time history function of different soil condition and
by Goyal and Chopra accounting interaction effects of added hydrodynamic mass of surrounding and inside water in intake tower of
dam
Key words: Hydrodynamic mass, Depth of submergence, Reservoir, Time history analysis,
Evaluation of operational efficiency of urban road network using travel time ...eSAT Journals
This document evaluates the operational efficiency of an urban road network in Tiruchirappalli, India using travel time reliability measures. Traffic volume and travel times were collected using video data from 8-10 AM on various roads. Average travel times, 95th percentile travel times, and buffer time indexes were calculated to assess reliability. Non-motorized vehicles were found to most impact reliability on one road. A relationship between buffer time index and traffic volume was developed. Finally, a travel time model was created and validated based on length, speed, and volume.
Estimation of surface runoff in nallur amanikere watershed using scs cn methodeSAT Journals
Abstract
The development of watershed aims at productive utilization of all the available natural resources in the entire area extending from
ridge line to stream outlet. The per capita availability of land for cultivation has been decreasing over the years. Therefore, water and
the related land resources must be developed, utilized and managed in an integrated and comprehensive manner. Remote sensing and
GIS techniques are being increasingly used for planning, management and development of natural resources. The study area, Nallur
Amanikere watershed geographically lies between 110 38’ and 110 52’ N latitude and 760 30’ and 760 50’ E longitude with an area of
415.68 Sq. km. The thematic layers such as land use/land cover and soil maps were derived from remotely sensed data and overlayed
through ArcGIS software to assign the curve number on polygon wise. The daily rainfall data of six rain gauge stations in and around
the watershed (2001-2011) was used to estimate the daily runoff from the watershed using Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number
(SCS-CN) method. The runoff estimated from the SCS-CN model was then used to know the variation of runoff potential with different
land use/land cover and with different soil conditions.
Keywords: Watershed, Nallur watershed, Surface runoff, Rainfall-Runoff, SCS-CN, Remote Sensing, GIS.
Estimation of morphometric parameters and runoff using rs & gis techniqueseSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study that used remote sensing and GIS techniques to estimate morphometric parameters and runoff for the Yagachi catchment area in India over a 10-year period. Morphometric analysis was conducted to understand the hydrological response at the micro-watershed level. Daily runoff was estimated using the SCS curve number model. The results showed a positive correlation between rainfall and runoff. Land use/land cover changes between 2001-2010 were found to impact estimated runoff amounts. Remote sensing approaches provided an effective means to model runoff for this large, ungauged area.
Effect of variation of plastic hinge length on the results of non linear anal...eSAT Journals
Abstract The nonlinear Static procedure also well known as pushover analysis is method where in monotonically increasing loads are applied to the structure till the structure is unable to resist any further load. It is a popular tool for seismic performance evaluation of existing and new structures. In literature lot of research has been carried out on conventional pushover analysis and after knowing deficiency efforts have been made to improve it. But actual test results to verify the analytically obtained pushover results are rarely available. It has been found that some amount of variation is always expected to exist in seismic demand prediction of pushover analysis. Initial study is carried out by considering user defined hinge properties and default hinge length. Attempt is being made to assess the variation of pushover analysis results by considering user defined hinge properties and various hinge length formulations available in literature and results compared with experimentally obtained results based on test carried out on a G+2 storied RCC framed structure. For the present study two geometric models viz bare frame and rigid frame model is considered and it is found that the results of pushover analysis are very sensitive to geometric model and hinge length adopted. Keywords: Pushover analysis, Base shear, Displacement, hinge length, moment curvature analysis
Effect of use of recycled materials on indirect tensile strength of asphalt c...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Depletion of natural resources and aggregate quarries for the road construction is a serious problem to procure materials. Hence
recycling or reuse of material is beneficial. On emphasizing development in sustainable construction in the present era, recycling of
asphalt pavements is one of the effective and proven rehabilitation processes. For the laboratory investigations reclaimed asphalt
pavement (RAP) from NH-4 and crumb rubber modified binder (CRMB-55) was used. Foundry waste was used as a replacement to
conventional filler. Laboratory tests were conducted on asphalt concrete mixes with 30, 40, 50, and 60 percent replacement with RAP.
These test results were compared with conventional mixes and asphalt concrete mixes with complete binder extracted RAP
aggregates. Mix design was carried out by Marshall Method. The Marshall Tests indicated highest stability values for asphalt
concrete (AC) mixes with 60% RAP. The optimum binder content (OBC) decreased with increased in RAP in AC mixes. The Indirect
Tensile Strength (ITS) for AC mixes with RAP also was found to be higher when compared to conventional AC mixes at 300C.
Keywords: Reclaimed asphalt pavement, Foundry waste, Recycling, Marshall Stability, Indirect tensile strength.
Effect of skew angle on static behaviour of reinforced concrete slab bridge d...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The effect of a skew angle on single-span reinforced concrete bridges is analyzed using the finite-element method and the results are
presented in this paper. Investigations are carried out on RC slab bridge decks with and without edge beams to study the influence of
aspect ratio, skew angle and type of load. The finite-element analysis results for skewed bridges are compared to the reference
straight bridges for dead load, IRC Class A loading and IRC 70R loading for with and without edge beam. A total of 90 bridge models
are analyzed. The variation of maximum deflection, maximum longitudinal sagging bending moment, maximum torsional moment, and
maximum support reaction with skew angle is studied for all 90 bridge deck models. The FEA results of Dead load and Live load
bending moments and deflections decreases with increase in skew angle, where as maximum support reactions increases with increase
in skew angle and the maximum torsional moment increases with skew angle up to 45 degrees and there after decreases. The benefit
of providing edge beam is reflected in significant decrease in deflection, longitudinal bending moment and torsional moment.
Keywords: Bridges, skew angle; Concrete slabs; Finite element method; span length; dead load; IRC Class A loading
and IRC Class 70R loading.
Earthquake analysis on 2 d rc frames with different aspect ratios of masonry ...eSAT Journals
This document analyzes earthquake response of 2D reinforced concrete frames with different configurations including bare frames, frames with masonry infill walls modeled as equivalent diagonal struts, frames with monolithic wall panels modeled as shell elements, and frames with soft first stories. Modal analysis was conducted and natural frequencies were validated with shake table tests. Equivalent static, response spectrum, and time history analyses were performed for different seismic zones according to Indian codes. Results for displacement, acceleration, and inter-story drift were compared for different configurations and aspects ratios. Frames with masonry infill and monolithic walls had higher natural frequencies and lower displacement than bare frames due to increased stiffness. Frames with soft first stories showed higher drift in
Development of pavement management strategies for arterial roadseSAT Journals
Abstract
An arterial road is a high-capacity urban road which delivers the traffic from collector roads to freeways, and between city centres at
the maximum and possible level of service. Therefore it is very important to maintain these roads as they are subjected to heavy traffic
and on monsoon or poor drainage conditions which may damage the pavements at a faster rate further requiring timely maintenance
and costly rehabilitation. Assessing the condition of the pavement periodically is important so that maintenance work can be taken up
accordingly in order to slow down the deterioration rate. A tool which can access the deterioration of pavement is a Pavement
Condition Index (PCI) which is a distress study carried out on pavement. PCI is a numerical rating of the pavement condition that
ranges from 0 -100 with 0 being worst possible condition 100 being the best possible condition. Therefore, this paper aims at bringing
out the methodology used in carrying out the survey on the pavement and for rating of the pavement (PCI) with the case studies of
four arterial roads of Rajarajeshwari Zone, Bangalore city and the PCIs of rating of these pavements at the time of studies was found
to be from very poor to excellent. Pavement management strategies have been proposed based on the condition rating.
Keywords: Flexible Pavements, ASTM, PCI, Pavement Maintenance, Arterial roads
Determining the rheological properties of asphalt binder using dynamic shear ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper aims to study the rheological properties of the binder taken from four years old flexible pavement stretch. The stretch was
divided into six different sections based on the thickness of the surface course. Originally, 60/70 grade asphalt binder was used
throughout the pavement stretch. The binder was obtained from the process of extraction and recovery. Dynamic shear rheometer
(DSR) test was conducted on the recovered asphalt binder to determine the various parameters viz., Complex modulus G*, Elastic and
viscous modulus, Complex viscosity and the phase angle δ. The major pavement distress modes namely, rutting and fatigue cracking
were addressed by these output parameters of DSR. Rutting is caused by permanent deformation of paving mix while fatigue is related
to the energy absorbed during repeated load application to pavement. The test results indicated that the 60/70 binder extracted from
the selected stretches were stiff enough to resist rutting and fatigue failure.
Design of scc mixes based on cement – sp compatibility studieseSAT Journals
Abstract
In this work 4 superplasticizers were used and on the basis of the workability test on cement paste two SP’s were selected for further
studies and to compare their effects on mortar properties such as workability, compressive strength, water reduction and tensile
strength. Two different mortar mixes (1:1.5 & 1:2) were tested for three values of w/c ratio (0.3, 0.35, and 0.4) for varying SP dosage
i.e. from 0.6 to 2%. This paper presents an experimental investigation on strength aspects such as compressive, and split tensile
strength of self compacting concrete containing fly ash and workability tests (slump flow, T500mm, V-Funnel and T5min) are carried out.
The methodology adopted is that Portland cement is replaced by 0%, 35% and 50% of fly ash using two types of superplasticizers
(SNF, PCE) and performance is measured and compared.
Further Design of Self Compacting Concrete by replacing Fly ash is proposed and the studies on fresh and hardened properties were
conducted. The results showed that PCE type Superplasticizer is performing better than SNF type in terms of workability.
Keywords: Cement, Super plasticizers, mortar, SCC, Fly ash, fresh and hardened properties, compressive strength, split
tensile strength.
Comparison of physical and rheological properties of plain and crumb rubber m...eSAT Journals
This document compares the physical and rheological properties of plain and crumb rubber modified bitumen. It finds that crumb rubber modified bitumen has higher Marshall stability and lower flow values compared to plain bitumen. It also has higher complex modulus, indicating it is more stable and resistant to changes in temperature. Testing also showed crumb rubber modified bitumen has higher resistance to aging and higher indirect tensile strength ratios, meaning it is more resistant to moisture damage. Multiple shear creep recovery tests demonstrated crumb rubber modified bitumen has lower non-recoverable compliance, suggesting it may be more resistant to rutting in actual use. In summary, the addition of crumb rubber improves the properties and performance of bitumen.
Comparative study on performance of coagulants in water treatmenteSAT Journals
Abstract
The study on the performance of different coagulants in water treatment was carried out using coagulants such as alum(C1), Poly
aluminium chloride(PAC)(C2) and sodium aluminate(C3). The performance was studied with respect to turbidity removal,
concentration of residual aluminium and comparative cost of coagulants for treatment of Bhima river water. The performances of
these coagulants were studied separately as well as mixture of two coagulants in equal proportions. C1 and C2 were mixed to get
coagulant mixture (CM1), C1 and C3 were mixed to get CM2, C2 and C3 were mixed to get CM3. The study reviews that the
coagulants C1 and CM3 were found to be more efficient with 100% removal of turbidity at turbidities up to 50 NTU. For higher
turbidities above 50 NTU, the coagulants C1, C2 and CM1 are found to be more efficient with 100% turbidity removal. The
concentration of residual aluminium is found to be less in CM1 and C2. For turbidities of 200 NTU and 400 NTU with optimum
dosages, the concentrations were 0.02mg/L and 0.04mg/L for CM1 respectively.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Influence of compaction energy on soil stabilized with chemical stabilizereSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study on the influence of compaction energy on soil stabilized with a chemical stabilizer. Laboratory tests were conducted on locally available loamy soil treated with a patented polymer liquid stabilizer and compacted at four different energy levels. The study found that increasing the compaction effort increased the density of both untreated and treated soil, but the rate of increase was lower for stabilized soil. Treating the soil with the stabilizer improved its unconfined compressive strength and resilient modulus, and reduced accumulated plastic strain, with these properties further improved by higher compaction efforts. The stabilized soil exhibited strength and performance benefits compared to the untreated soil.
Geographical information system (gis) for water resources managementeSAT Journals
This document describes a hydrological framework developed in the form of a Hydrologic Information System (HIS) to meet the information needs of various government departments related to water management in a state. The HIS consists of a hydrological database coupled with tools for collecting and analyzing spatial and non-spatial water resources data. It also incorporates a hydrological model to indirectly assess water balance components over space and time. A web-based GIS portal was created to allow users to access and visualize the hydrological data, as well as outputs from the SWAT hydrological model. The framework is intended to facilitate integrated water resources planning and management across different administrative levels.
Forest type mapping of bidar forest division, karnataka using geoinformatics ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The study demonstrate the potentiality of satellite remote sensing technique for the generation of baseline information on forest types
including tree plantation details in Bidar forest division, Karnataka covering an area of 5814.60Sq.Kms. The Total Area of Bidar
forest division is 5814Sq.Kms analysis of the satellite data in the study area reveals that about 84% of the total area is Covered by
crop land, 1.778% of the area is covered by dry deciduous forest, 1.38 % of mixed plantation, which is very threatening to the
environmental stability of the forest, future plantation site has been mapped. With the use of latest Geo-informatics technology proper
and exact condition of the trees can be observed and necessary precautions can be taken for future plantation works in an appropriate
manner
Keywords:-RS, GIS, GPS, Forest Type, Tree Plantation
Factors influencing compressive strength of geopolymer concreteeSAT Journals
Abstract
To study effects of several factors on the properties of fly ash based geopolymer concrete on the compressive strength and also the
cost comparison with the normal concrete. The test variables were molarities of sodium hydroxide(NaOH) 8M,14M and 16M, ratio of
NaOH to sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5, alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio 0.35 and 0.40 and replacement of water in
Na2SiO3 solution by 10%, 20% and 30% were used in the present study. The test results indicated that the highest compressive
strength 54 MPa was observed for 16M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 2.5 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35. Lowest
compressive strength of 27 MPa was observed for 8M of NaOH, ratio of NaOH to Na2SiO3 is 1 and alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of
0.40. Alkaline liquid to fly ash ratio of 0.35, water replacement of 10% and 30% for 8 and 16 molarity of NaOH and has resulted in
compressive strength of 36 MPa and 20 MPa respectively. Superplasticiser dosage of 2 % by weight of fly ash has given higher
strength in all cases.
Keywords: compressive strength, alkaline liquid, fly ash
Experimental investigation on circular hollow steel columns in filled with li...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Composite Circular hollow Steel tubes with and without GFRP infill for three different grades of Light weight concrete are tested for
ultimate load capacity and axial shortening , under Cyclic loading. Steel tubes are compared for different lengths, cross sections and
thickness. Specimens were tested separately after adopting Taguchi’s L9 (Latin Squares) Orthogonal array in order to save the initial
experimental cost on number of specimens and experimental duration. Analysis was carried out using ANN (Artificial Neural
Network) technique with the assistance of Mini Tab- a statistical soft tool. Comparison for predicted, experimental & ANN output is
obtained from linear regression plots. From this research study, it can be concluded that *Cross sectional area of steel tube has most
significant effect on ultimate load carrying capacity, *as length of steel tube increased- load carrying capacity decreased & *ANN
modeling predicted acceptable results. Thus ANN tool can be utilized for predicting ultimate load carrying capacity for composite
columns.
Keywords: Light weight concrete, GFRP, Artificial Neural Network, Linear Regression, Back propagation, orthogonal
Array, Latin Squares
Experimental behavior of circular hsscfrc filled steel tubular columns under ...eSAT Journals
This document summarizes an experimental study that tested circular concrete-filled steel tube columns with varying parameters. 45 specimens were tested with different fiber percentages (0-2%), tube diameter-to-wall-thickness ratios (D/t from 15-25), and length-to-diameter (L/d) ratios (from 2.97-7.04). The results found that columns filled with fiber-reinforced concrete exhibited higher stiffness, equal ductility, and enhanced energy absorption compared to those filled with plain concrete. The load carrying capacity increased with fiber content up to 1.5% but not at 2.0%. The analytical predictions of failure load closely matched the experimental values.
Evaluation of punching shear in flat slabseSAT Journals
Abstract
Flat-slab construction has been widely used in construction today because of many advantages that it offers. The basic philosophy in
the design of flat slab is to consider only gravity forces; this method ignores the effect of punching shear due to unbalanced moments
at the slab column junction which is critical. An attempt has been made to generate generalized design sheets which accounts both
punching shear due to gravity loads and unbalanced moments for cases (a) interior column; (b) edge column (bending perpendicular
to shorter edge); (c) edge column (bending parallel to shorter edge); (d) corner column. These design sheets are prepared as per
codal provisions of IS 456-2000. These design sheets will be helpful in calculating the shear reinforcement to be provided at the
critical section which is ignored in many design offices. Apart from its usefulness in evaluating punching shear and the necessary
shear reinforcement, the design sheets developed will enable the designer to fix the depth of flat slab during the initial phase of the
design.
Keywords: Flat slabs, punching shear, unbalanced moment.
Evaluation of performance of intake tower dam for recent earthquake in indiaeSAT Journals
Abstract
Intake towers are typically tall, hollow, reinforced concrete structures and form entrance to reservoir outlet works. A parametric
study on dynamic behavior of circular cylindrical towers can be carried out to study the effect of depth of submergence, wall thickness
and slenderness ratio, and also effect on tower considering dynamic analysis for time history function of different soil condition and
by Goyal and Chopra accounting interaction effects of added hydrodynamic mass of surrounding and inside water in intake tower of
dam
Key words: Hydrodynamic mass, Depth of submergence, Reservoir, Time history analysis,
Evaluation of operational efficiency of urban road network using travel time ...eSAT Journals
This document evaluates the operational efficiency of an urban road network in Tiruchirappalli, India using travel time reliability measures. Traffic volume and travel times were collected using video data from 8-10 AM on various roads. Average travel times, 95th percentile travel times, and buffer time indexes were calculated to assess reliability. Non-motorized vehicles were found to most impact reliability on one road. A relationship between buffer time index and traffic volume was developed. Finally, a travel time model was created and validated based on length, speed, and volume.
Estimation of surface runoff in nallur amanikere watershed using scs cn methodeSAT Journals
Abstract
The development of watershed aims at productive utilization of all the available natural resources in the entire area extending from
ridge line to stream outlet. The per capita availability of land for cultivation has been decreasing over the years. Therefore, water and
the related land resources must be developed, utilized and managed in an integrated and comprehensive manner. Remote sensing and
GIS techniques are being increasingly used for planning, management and development of natural resources. The study area, Nallur
Amanikere watershed geographically lies between 110 38’ and 110 52’ N latitude and 760 30’ and 760 50’ E longitude with an area of
415.68 Sq. km. The thematic layers such as land use/land cover and soil maps were derived from remotely sensed data and overlayed
through ArcGIS software to assign the curve number on polygon wise. The daily rainfall data of six rain gauge stations in and around
the watershed (2001-2011) was used to estimate the daily runoff from the watershed using Soil Conservation Service - Curve Number
(SCS-CN) method. The runoff estimated from the SCS-CN model was then used to know the variation of runoff potential with different
land use/land cover and with different soil conditions.
Keywords: Watershed, Nallur watershed, Surface runoff, Rainfall-Runoff, SCS-CN, Remote Sensing, GIS.
Estimation of morphometric parameters and runoff using rs & gis techniqueseSAT Journals
This document summarizes a study that used remote sensing and GIS techniques to estimate morphometric parameters and runoff for the Yagachi catchment area in India over a 10-year period. Morphometric analysis was conducted to understand the hydrological response at the micro-watershed level. Daily runoff was estimated using the SCS curve number model. The results showed a positive correlation between rainfall and runoff. Land use/land cover changes between 2001-2010 were found to impact estimated runoff amounts. Remote sensing approaches provided an effective means to model runoff for this large, ungauged area.
Effect of variation of plastic hinge length on the results of non linear anal...eSAT Journals
Abstract The nonlinear Static procedure also well known as pushover analysis is method where in monotonically increasing loads are applied to the structure till the structure is unable to resist any further load. It is a popular tool for seismic performance evaluation of existing and new structures. In literature lot of research has been carried out on conventional pushover analysis and after knowing deficiency efforts have been made to improve it. But actual test results to verify the analytically obtained pushover results are rarely available. It has been found that some amount of variation is always expected to exist in seismic demand prediction of pushover analysis. Initial study is carried out by considering user defined hinge properties and default hinge length. Attempt is being made to assess the variation of pushover analysis results by considering user defined hinge properties and various hinge length formulations available in literature and results compared with experimentally obtained results based on test carried out on a G+2 storied RCC framed structure. For the present study two geometric models viz bare frame and rigid frame model is considered and it is found that the results of pushover analysis are very sensitive to geometric model and hinge length adopted. Keywords: Pushover analysis, Base shear, Displacement, hinge length, moment curvature analysis
Effect of use of recycled materials on indirect tensile strength of asphalt c...eSAT Journals
Abstract
Depletion of natural resources and aggregate quarries for the road construction is a serious problem to procure materials. Hence
recycling or reuse of material is beneficial. On emphasizing development in sustainable construction in the present era, recycling of
asphalt pavements is one of the effective and proven rehabilitation processes. For the laboratory investigations reclaimed asphalt
pavement (RAP) from NH-4 and crumb rubber modified binder (CRMB-55) was used. Foundry waste was used as a replacement to
conventional filler. Laboratory tests were conducted on asphalt concrete mixes with 30, 40, 50, and 60 percent replacement with RAP.
These test results were compared with conventional mixes and asphalt concrete mixes with complete binder extracted RAP
aggregates. Mix design was carried out by Marshall Method. The Marshall Tests indicated highest stability values for asphalt
concrete (AC) mixes with 60% RAP. The optimum binder content (OBC) decreased with increased in RAP in AC mixes. The Indirect
Tensile Strength (ITS) for AC mixes with RAP also was found to be higher when compared to conventional AC mixes at 300C.
Keywords: Reclaimed asphalt pavement, Foundry waste, Recycling, Marshall Stability, Indirect tensile strength.
Effect of skew angle on static behaviour of reinforced concrete slab bridge d...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The effect of a skew angle on single-span reinforced concrete bridges is analyzed using the finite-element method and the results are
presented in this paper. Investigations are carried out on RC slab bridge decks with and without edge beams to study the influence of
aspect ratio, skew angle and type of load. The finite-element analysis results for skewed bridges are compared to the reference
straight bridges for dead load, IRC Class A loading and IRC 70R loading for with and without edge beam. A total of 90 bridge models
are analyzed. The variation of maximum deflection, maximum longitudinal sagging bending moment, maximum torsional moment, and
maximum support reaction with skew angle is studied for all 90 bridge deck models. The FEA results of Dead load and Live load
bending moments and deflections decreases with increase in skew angle, where as maximum support reactions increases with increase
in skew angle and the maximum torsional moment increases with skew angle up to 45 degrees and there after decreases. The benefit
of providing edge beam is reflected in significant decrease in deflection, longitudinal bending moment and torsional moment.
Keywords: Bridges, skew angle; Concrete slabs; Finite element method; span length; dead load; IRC Class A loading
and IRC Class 70R loading.
Earthquake analysis on 2 d rc frames with different aspect ratios of masonry ...eSAT Journals
This document analyzes earthquake response of 2D reinforced concrete frames with different configurations including bare frames, frames with masonry infill walls modeled as equivalent diagonal struts, frames with monolithic wall panels modeled as shell elements, and frames with soft first stories. Modal analysis was conducted and natural frequencies were validated with shake table tests. Equivalent static, response spectrum, and time history analyses were performed for different seismic zones according to Indian codes. Results for displacement, acceleration, and inter-story drift were compared for different configurations and aspects ratios. Frames with masonry infill and monolithic walls had higher natural frequencies and lower displacement than bare frames due to increased stiffness. Frames with soft first stories showed higher drift in
Development of pavement management strategies for arterial roadseSAT Journals
Abstract
An arterial road is a high-capacity urban road which delivers the traffic from collector roads to freeways, and between city centres at
the maximum and possible level of service. Therefore it is very important to maintain these roads as they are subjected to heavy traffic
and on monsoon or poor drainage conditions which may damage the pavements at a faster rate further requiring timely maintenance
and costly rehabilitation. Assessing the condition of the pavement periodically is important so that maintenance work can be taken up
accordingly in order to slow down the deterioration rate. A tool which can access the deterioration of pavement is a Pavement
Condition Index (PCI) which is a distress study carried out on pavement. PCI is a numerical rating of the pavement condition that
ranges from 0 -100 with 0 being worst possible condition 100 being the best possible condition. Therefore, this paper aims at bringing
out the methodology used in carrying out the survey on the pavement and for rating of the pavement (PCI) with the case studies of
four arterial roads of Rajarajeshwari Zone, Bangalore city and the PCIs of rating of these pavements at the time of studies was found
to be from very poor to excellent. Pavement management strategies have been proposed based on the condition rating.
Keywords: Flexible Pavements, ASTM, PCI, Pavement Maintenance, Arterial roads
Determining the rheological properties of asphalt binder using dynamic shear ...eSAT Journals
Abstract
This paper aims to study the rheological properties of the binder taken from four years old flexible pavement stretch. The stretch was
divided into six different sections based on the thickness of the surface course. Originally, 60/70 grade asphalt binder was used
throughout the pavement stretch. The binder was obtained from the process of extraction and recovery. Dynamic shear rheometer
(DSR) test was conducted on the recovered asphalt binder to determine the various parameters viz., Complex modulus G*, Elastic and
viscous modulus, Complex viscosity and the phase angle δ. The major pavement distress modes namely, rutting and fatigue cracking
were addressed by these output parameters of DSR. Rutting is caused by permanent deformation of paving mix while fatigue is related
to the energy absorbed during repeated load application to pavement. The test results indicated that the 60/70 binder extracted from
the selected stretches were stiff enough to resist rutting and fatigue failure.
Design of scc mixes based on cement – sp compatibility studieseSAT Journals
Abstract
In this work 4 superplasticizers were used and on the basis of the workability test on cement paste two SP’s were selected for further
studies and to compare their effects on mortar properties such as workability, compressive strength, water reduction and tensile
strength. Two different mortar mixes (1:1.5 & 1:2) were tested for three values of w/c ratio (0.3, 0.35, and 0.4) for varying SP dosage
i.e. from 0.6 to 2%. This paper presents an experimental investigation on strength aspects such as compressive, and split tensile
strength of self compacting concrete containing fly ash and workability tests (slump flow, T500mm, V-Funnel and T5min) are carried out.
The methodology adopted is that Portland cement is replaced by 0%, 35% and 50% of fly ash using two types of superplasticizers
(SNF, PCE) and performance is measured and compared.
Further Design of Self Compacting Concrete by replacing Fly ash is proposed and the studies on fresh and hardened properties were
conducted. The results showed that PCE type Superplasticizer is performing better than SNF type in terms of workability.
Keywords: Cement, Super plasticizers, mortar, SCC, Fly ash, fresh and hardened properties, compressive strength, split
tensile strength.
Comparison of physical and rheological properties of plain and crumb rubber m...eSAT Journals
This document compares the physical and rheological properties of plain and crumb rubber modified bitumen. It finds that crumb rubber modified bitumen has higher Marshall stability and lower flow values compared to plain bitumen. It also has higher complex modulus, indicating it is more stable and resistant to changes in temperature. Testing also showed crumb rubber modified bitumen has higher resistance to aging and higher indirect tensile strength ratios, meaning it is more resistant to moisture damage. Multiple shear creep recovery tests demonstrated crumb rubber modified bitumen has lower non-recoverable compliance, suggesting it may be more resistant to rutting in actual use. In summary, the addition of crumb rubber improves the properties and performance of bitumen.
Comparative study on performance of coagulants in water treatmenteSAT Journals
Abstract
The study on the performance of different coagulants in water treatment was carried out using coagulants such as alum(C1), Poly
aluminium chloride(PAC)(C2) and sodium aluminate(C3). The performance was studied with respect to turbidity removal,
concentration of residual aluminium and comparative cost of coagulants for treatment of Bhima river water. The performances of
these coagulants were studied separately as well as mixture of two coagulants in equal proportions. C1 and C2 were mixed to get
coagulant mixture (CM1), C1 and C3 were mixed to get CM2, C2 and C3 were mixed to get CM3. The study reviews that the
coagulants C1 and CM3 were found to be more efficient with 100% removal of turbidity at turbidities up to 50 NTU. For higher
turbidities above 50 NTU, the coagulants C1, C2 and CM1 are found to be more efficient with 100% turbidity removal. The
concentration of residual aluminium is found to be less in CM1 and C2. For turbidities of 200 NTU and 400 NTU with optimum
dosages, the concentrations were 0.02mg/L and 0.04mg/L for CM1 respectively.
DEEP LEARNING FOR SMART GRID INTRUSION DETECTION: A HYBRID CNN-LSTM-BASED MODELijaia
As digital technology becomes more deeply embedded in power systems, protecting the communication
networks of Smart Grids (SG) has emerged as a critical concern. Distributed Network Protocol 3 (DNP3)
represents a multi-tiered application layer protocol extensively utilized in Supervisory Control and Data
Acquisition (SCADA)-based smart grids to facilitate real-time data gathering and control functionalities.
Robust Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) are necessary for early threat detection and mitigation because
of the interconnection of these networks, which makes them vulnerable to a variety of cyberattacks. To
solve this issue, this paper develops a hybrid Deep Learning (DL) model specifically designed for intrusion
detection in smart grids. The proposed approach is a combination of the Convolutional Neural Network
(CNN) and the Long-Short-Term Memory algorithms (LSTM). We employed a recent intrusion detection
dataset (DNP3), which focuses on unauthorized commands and Denial of Service (DoS) cyberattacks, to
train and test our model. The results of our experiments show that our CNN-LSTM method is much better
at finding smart grid intrusions than other deep learning algorithms used for classification. In addition,
our proposed approach improves accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score, achieving a high detection
accuracy rate of 99.50%.
Null Bangalore | Pentesters Approach to AWS IAMDivyanshu
#Abstract:
- Learn more about the real-world methods for auditing AWS IAM (Identity and Access Management) as a pentester. So let us proceed with a brief discussion of IAM as well as some typical misconfigurations and their potential exploits in order to reinforce the understanding of IAM security best practices.
- Gain actionable insights into AWS IAM policies and roles, using hands on approach.
#Prerequisites:
- Basic understanding of AWS services and architecture
- Familiarity with cloud security concepts
- Experience using the AWS Management Console or AWS CLI.
- For hands on lab create account on [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
# Scenario Covered:
- Basics of IAM in AWS
- Implementing IAM Policies with Least Privilege to Manage S3 Bucket
- Objective: Create an S3 bucket with least privilege IAM policy and validate access.
- Steps:
- Create S3 bucket.
- Attach least privilege policy to IAM user.
- Validate access.
- Exploiting IAM PassRole Misconfiguration
-Allows a user to pass a specific IAM role to an AWS service (ec2), typically used for service access delegation. Then exploit PassRole Misconfiguration granting unauthorized access to sensitive resources.
- Objective: Demonstrate how a PassRole misconfiguration can grant unauthorized access.
- Steps:
- Allow user to pass IAM role to EC2.
- Exploit misconfiguration for unauthorized access.
- Access sensitive resources.
- Exploiting IAM AssumeRole Misconfiguration with Overly Permissive Role
- An overly permissive IAM role configuration can lead to privilege escalation by creating a role with administrative privileges and allow a user to assume this role.
- Objective: Show how overly permissive IAM roles can lead to privilege escalation.
- Steps:
- Create role with administrative privileges.
- Allow user to assume the role.
- Perform administrative actions.
- Differentiation between PassRole vs AssumeRole
Try at [killercoda.com](https://killercoda.com/cloudsecurity-scenario/)
Supermarket Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
Supermarket management is a stand-alone J2EE using Eclipse Juno program.
This project contains all the necessary required information about maintaining
the supermarket billing system.
The core idea of this project to minimize the paper work and centralize the
data. Here all the communication is taken in secure manner. That is, in this
application the information will be stored in client itself. For further security the
data base is stored in the back-end oracle and so no intruders can access it.
Build the Next Generation of Apps with the Einstein 1 Platform.
Rejoignez Philippe Ozil pour une session de workshops qui vous guidera à travers les détails de la plateforme Einstein 1, l'importance des données pour la création d'applications d'intelligence artificielle et les différents outils et technologies que Salesforce propose pour vous apporter tous les bénéfices de l'IA.
Accident detection system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The Rapid growth of technology and infrastructure has made our lives easier. The
advent of technology has also increased the traffic hazards and the road accidents take place
frequently which causes huge loss of life and property because of the poor emergency facilities.
Many lives could have been saved if emergency service could get accident information and
reach in time. Our project will provide an optimum solution to this draw back. A piezo electric
sensor can be used as a crash or rollover detector of the vehicle during and after a crash. With
signals from a piezo electric sensor, a severe accident can be recognized. According to this
project when a vehicle meets with an accident immediately piezo electric sensor will detect the
signal or if a car rolls over. Then with the help of GSM module and GPS module, the location
will be sent to the emergency contact. Then after conforming the location necessary action will
be taken. If the person meets with a small accident or if there is no serious threat to anyone’s
life, then the alert message can be terminated by the driver by a switch provided in order to
avoid wasting the valuable time of the medical rescue team.
5G Radio Network Througput Problem Analysis HCIA.pdf
Experimental investigation on strength characteristics of silica fume based high performance concrete with steel fiber and polypropylene fiber
1. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 329
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON STRENGTH
CHARACTERISTICS OF SILICA FUME BASED HIGH
PERFORMANCE CONCRETE WITH STEEL FIBER AND
POLYPROPYLENE FIBER
H.M.Somasekharaiah1
, Adanagouda2
, Basavaraj.K.S3
1
Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, RYMEC Ballari, Karnataka, India,
2
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, RYMEC Ballari, Karnataka, India,
3
PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, RYMEC Ballari, Karnataka, India,
Abstract
Cement is the most popular material used in construction, recent trend is in concrete cement is replaced by admixtures such as
GGBS, fly ash, slag, silica fume and metakaolin to improve the characteristics of high performance of concrete in order to reduce
the creep and shrinkage and to improve tensile strength, fibers are added. The scope of present investigation deals with the
strength properties of high performance concrete, on the effect of partial replacement of cement by silica fume with different
percentages viz 0%, 10% and 20% was used in the concrete mix containing composite fibers (steel and polypropylene) of different
percentages viz 0%, 0.50%, 0.75% and 1% steel fibers and 0.25% polypropylene fiber constant for all silica fumeconcrete mixes
on the properties of high performance concrete. An aggregate binder ratio of 2.5 and different water binder ratio viz 0.30, 0.35
and 0.40 with super plasticizer of 0.6% by weight of binder was used in this investigation. Each series consists prisms, cylinders
and cubes as per IS standard. The tests are conducted to find out the flexural strength, split tensile strength and compressive
strength at the age of 7 days and 28 days.
Key Words: silica fume, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, super plasticizer, strength properties.
-------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
1. INTRODUCTION
Cement is a very commonly used construction materials, it
has ability to get cast in any form and shape in general and
rigid pavement in particular. Also replaces old construction
materials such as stone and brick masonry. A good concrete
much possess high strength and low permeability. The
strength of concrete can be changed by making appropriate
changes in its ingredients like aggregate, water and
cementitious material, also adding some special ingredients.
However concrete has some deficiencies as low impact
strength, low post cracking capacity, low tensile strength,
Incapable of accommodating large deformations, brittleness
and low ductility. Limited fatigue life of certain mineral
admixture are also added to concrete to improve their
strength properties of concrete materials such as silica fume,
which are usually very fine, may be finer than cement, when
added to concrete in right proportion can improve the
strength of concrete extremely and high strength and high
performance concrete is received in this manner.
In order to improve the mechanical properties of concrete it
is good to mix cement with fiber which have good tensile
strength. Addition of polypropylene fibers decreases the unit
weight of concrete and increases its strength.
Incorporation of composite materials (steel and
polypropylene fibers) in concrete significantly improve its
plastic settlement, strains and stress concentrations imposed
by external restraints, bleeding, thermal and shrinkage.
[1] Mr.Sabale Vishal Dhondiram Miss. BorgaveManali
Deepak Mr.ShindeSurajDadasaheb Miss. Bhagwat
MayuriDattatray.The mineral admixture silica fume with
10% in concrete increases in compression resistance, ten-
sile strength and bending stress. The investigation is made
on M60 grade. Further Increase in silica fume decrease the
strength. The workability decreases with increase in
percentage of mineral admixtures
[2] P. Vinayagam. The mineral admixture silica fume used
in 0%,2.5%,5%,7.5%,10%,12.5% and 15% in a mix of M60,
M70 and M80. It is found that at replacement level 10%, the
compression resistance, ten-sile strength and bending stress
are maximum. Further increase in percentage of silica fume
decreases the strength.
[3] Venkatesh Babur and Krishnamurthy (2005) studied
that the silica fume concrete and cement replacement level
of 10 percentage silica fume in concrete mixes showed a
compressive strength of 61.28 Map at the age of 28 days
and 81.5 MPa at the age of 90 days. When 15 percentage of
silica fume used in concrete mixes, the compressive
strength of concrete at 28 and 90 days decreased to a
lower value.
[4] S.K. Al-Oraimi*, A.W. Hago, H.F. Hassan and R.Taha
2. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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.The cement is replaced by silica fume up to 30% which
increases the compression resistance. Experimentally,
observed that the compression resistance results, that the
concrete which is prepared with mineral admixture like
silica fume was less sensitive to air curing compared to the
conventional concrete prepared without silica fume. In
Experiment observe that the silica fume can be used up to
range of 10-15% replacement of cement. Concrete with
silica fume has a lower surface absorptive than concrete
without silica fume.
[5] T.Shanmugapriya ,Dr.R.N.Uma,The silica fume is
used in different percentage by 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5%
by weight of cement. It is observed that at 7.5% of
replacement level. The compression resistance increases by
15% and ten-sile strength increases by 20% bending stress
increases by 23%.Further increases in percentage of silica
fume decreases the strength.
[6] Krishnakumar S.1, Asif Abdul Vahab2, Akhil
RajS.R.2, Jayasree S2 Job Thomas1 In this paper for M50
grade concrete the silica fume is used at 5%,7.5%,10% and
12.5 and test have been conducted to find its mechanical
properties and resistance to chloride ion penetration. It is
observed that cement replacement at 7.5% the compressive
strength increases by 15.74%.Split tensile strength increases
by 16.12%.Also it is found that addition of silica fume
reduces the permeability and increases the durability of
concrete
1.1 Materials
Cement (OPC): Ultra tech cement 43 grade was used.
Specific Gravity of Cement was 3.08.
Coarse aggregate: - crushed granite metal with 60%
passing 20 mm and retained on 12.5mm sieve and 40%
passing 12.5mm and retained on 4.75mm sieve were
used. The weight of coarse aggregate was 60% of the
total aggregate and specific gravity of coarse aggregate
was 2.70.
Fine aggregate: - River sand from local sources was
used as fine aggregate. Specific Gravity was 2.50.
Water: Water used for both mixing and curing should
be free from harmful amounts of harmful materials. In
the present work drinkable tap water was mixed
directly with concrete.
silica fume: Silica fume is obtained from By-product
from an Electric Arc Furnace used in manufacture of
Silicon metal or Silicon alloy station was used in the
investigation. The specific gravity is 2.3.
Super plasticizer: To improve the workability of the
mixes, a high range water reducing agent
Fosrocconplast SP430 (SNF- Sulphonated Naphthalene
Formaldehyde) is used.
Steel fibers: Crimped steel fibres of 30mm length with
a dia of 0.6mm and an aspect ratio of 50, density is
7840 Kg/m3 and specific gravity is 7.9 were used
throughout the experimental program.
Polypropylene fibers: RECRON 3S TYPE–CT 2012
polypropylene fibres of density 946 Kg/m3 are used in
experimental program.
Figure: - 1 Specimens
2. METHODOLOGY
In this study the mixtures of silica fumein ratio of 0%, 10%
and 20% was used in the concrete mix containing steel fiber
of different dosage i.e. 0%, 0.5%, 0.75% and 1% and 0.25%
polypropylene fiber constant was used for silica fume
concrete mixes. An aggregate binder ratio of 2.5 and
different water binder ratio viz 0.30, 0.35 and 0.40 with
super plasticizer of 0.6% was used in this investigation.
Each series consists prisms, cylinders and cubes as per IS
standard. The tests are conducted to find out the flexural
strength, split tensile strength and compressive strength at
the age of 7 days and 28 days. The above said mixtures with
silica fume containing composite fibers in different dosage
with different water binder ratio were composed in this
study. At the age 7 days and 28days of each mixture were
tested and analysed in order to find out the best efficient
mixture in following of strength characteristics of concrete
mix.
Compressive Strength Test: Concrete cubes confirming to
IS: 516-1964 of size 150x150x150 mm was cast for
determination of compressive strength. After 24 hours the
moulds were de moulded and subjected to water curing.
Before testing, the cubes were air dried for 2 hours, crushing
loads were noted and average compressive strength of 3
specimens is determined at 28 days.
Table-1: Compressive strength
Sl
No
% of
steel
Fibre
%
of
ppf
Total %
of
composite
fibres
Cube Compressive
strength (MPa)
0% silica fume
w/c Ratio
0.30 0.35 0.40
1 0 0 0 50.33 48.86 47.62
2 0.50 0.25 0.75 55.62 53.22 50.32
3 0.75 0.25 1.00 58.44 57.35 55.61
4 1.00 0.25 1.25 63.74 62.72 60.82
3. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 331
Table-2: Compressive strength
Sl
No
% of
steel
fibre
%
of
ppf
Total %
of
composite
fibres
Cube Compressive
strength (MPa)
10% silica fume
w/c Ratio
0.30 0.35 0.40
1 0 0 0
53.45 52.56 50.34
2 0.50 0.25 0.75
58.22 56.62 54.11
3 0.75 0.25 1.00
61.84 59.46 58.22
4 1.00 0.25 1.25
64.73 63.82 61.06
Table-3: Compressive strength
Sl
No
% of
steel
fibre
% of
ppf
Total %
of
composite
fibres
Cube Compressive
strength (MPa)
20% silica fume
w/c Ratio
0.30 0.35 0.40
1 0 0 0
48.33 47.92 46.07
2 0.50 0.25 0.75
53.11 51.84 49.14
3 0.75 0.25 1.00
55.72 53.5 52.83
4 1.00 0.25 1.25
60.86 57.22 56.43
Chart -1: Variation of 28 days compressive strength with
percentage of silica fume for different W/B ratio
Chart -1: Variation of 28 days compressive strength on
different percentage of silica fume for different percentage
of composite fibers
It is observed that at 10% replacement of cement by silica
fume compressive strength increases over 0% silica fume.
Further increase in silica fume by 20% the compressive
strength decrease over 0% silica fume. Hence the maximum
replacement of cement by admixture silica fume is 10%. As
W/B ratio increases the compressive strength decreases. It is
observed that the 28 days compressive strength increases
with increase in composite fibers.
Split tensile strength test: Tensile strength is one of the
basic and important properties of concrete. Size of test
sample of 15cm diameter, 30cm height and 0.3cm thick
cylindrical mould is used. The cylinder is placed left and
right between the two plates of the compressive testing
machine and the load is applied. The load at which the
sample in the end fails is noted and split tensile strength is
calculated. The split tensile is calculated by using the
formula.
Table-4: Split tensile strength
Sl
No
% of
steel
Fibre
%
of
ppf
Total %
of
composite
fibres
Split Tensile strength
(MPa)
0% silica fume
w/c Ratio
0.30 0.35 0.40
1 0 0 0
4.81 4.57 4.46
2 0.50 0.25 0.75
5.02 4.82 4.68
3 0.75 0.25 1.00
5.18 5.09 4.93
4 1.00 0.25 1.25
5.27 5.18 5.04
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Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 332
Table-5: Split tensile strength
Sl
No
% of
steel
fibre
%
of
ppf
Total %
of
composite
fibres
Split Tensile strength
(MPa)
10% silica fume
w/c Ratio
0.30 0.35 0.40
1 0 0 0
5.11 4.94 4.74
2 0.50 0.25 0.75
5.33 5.21 5.09
3 0.75 0.25 1.00
5.48 5.38 5.31
4 1.00 0.25 1.25
5.67 5.54 5.42
Table-6: Split tensile strength
Sl
No
% of
steel
fibre
%
of
ppf
Total %
of
composite
fibres
Split Tensile strength
(MPa)
20% silica fume
w/c Ratio
0.30 0.35 0.40
1 0 0 0
4.66 4.52 4.44
2 0.50 0.25 0.75
4.92 4.84 4.59
3 0.75 0.25 1.00
5.06 5.11 4.82
4 1.00 0.25 1.25
5.21 5.18 4.96
Chart -3: Variation of 28 days split tensile strength with
percentage of silica fume for different W/B ratio
Chart -4: Variation of 28 days split tensile strength on
different percentage of silica fume for different percentage
of composite fibers
It is observed that at 10% replacement of cement by silica
fume split tensile strength increases over 0% silica fume.
Further increase in silica fume by 20% the split tensile
strength decrease over 0% silica fume. Hence the maximum
replacement of cement by admixture silica fume is 10%. As
W/B ratio increases the split tensile strength decreases. It is
observed that the 28 days split tensile strength increases
with increase in composite fibers.
Flexural strength test: The prism is generally tested to
identify the flexural behaviour of the hardened concrete. The
test is carried in a universal testing machine of 60T load
ability. Standard prism of size 10cm x 10cm x 50cm were
tested under one point loading to study the flexural strength
of concrete. The maximum tensile stress read at the failure
of prism is called modulus of rupture and is calculated. The
flexural strength is calculated by using formula.
Table-7: Flexural strength
Sl
No
% of
steel
Fibre
% of
ppf
Total %
of
composite
fibres
flexural strength
(MPa)
0% silica fume
w/c Ratio
0.30 0.35 0.40
1 0 0 0
5.62 5.24 5.06
2 0.50 0.25 0.75
5.84 5.56 5.32
3 0.75 0.25 1.00
6.13 5.82 5.58
4 1.00 0.25 1.25
6.22 6.06 5.92
5. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 333
Table-8: Flexural strength
Sl
No
% of
steel
Fibre
% of
ppf
Total %
of
composite
fibres
flexural strength
(MPa)
10% silica fume
w/c Ratio
0.30 0.35 0.40
1 0 0 0
5.88 5.61 5.42
2 0.50 0.25 0.75
6.12 5.94 5.66
3 0.75 0.25 1.00
6.26 6.22 5.96
4 1.00 0.25 1.25
6.48 6.34 6.24
Table-9: Flexural strength
Sl
No
% of
steel
Fibre
%
of
ppf
Total %
of
composite
fibres
flexural strength
(MPa)
20% silica fume
w/c Ratio
0.30 0.35 0.40
1 0 0 0
5.58 5.12 4.96
2 0.50 0.25 0.75
5.72 5.43 5.24
3 0.75 0.25 1.00
5.86 5.78 5.46
4 1.00 0.25 1.25
6.04 5.88 5.72
Chart -5: Variation of 28 days flexural strength with
percentage of fly ash for different W/B ratio
Chart -5: Variation of 28 days flexural strength on different
percentage of fly ash for different percentage of composite
fibers.
It is observed that at 10% replacement of cement by silica
fume flexural strength increases over 0% silica fume .
Further increase in silica fume by 20% the flexural strength
decrease over 0% silica fume . Hence the maximum
replacement of cement by admixture silica fume is 10%. As
W/B ratio increases the flexural strength decreases. It is
observed that the 28 days flexural strength increases with
increase in composite fibers.
CONCLUSIONS
[1] 10% silica fume can be taken as Optimum dosage,
which can be used as a partial replacement to
cement for giving maximum possible compressive
strength at any age for composite fibers (steel and
polypropylene) reinforced high performance
concrete.
[2] Addition of composite fibers (steel and
polypropylene) improves the tension stiffening
effect considerably and this increase the bond stress
of reinforced bars in composite fiber reinforced
concrete than in plane concrete.
[3] 1.25% composite fiber volume can be taken as the
optimum dosage which can be used for giving
maximum possible compressive strength at any age
for steel fiber reinforced high performance
concrete.
[4] Composite fibers increase the compressive strength
of concrete and also resist the sudden collapse of
the hardened concrete.
[5] From experimental results it has been observed that
at 28days of 1.25% composite fiber (steel and
polypropylene) volume with 10% silica fume
concrete the increase in compressive strength is
28.61%, split tensile strength is 17.87% and
flexural strength is 15.30% over plane concrete
without fiber.
[6] From experimental results it has been observed that
at 28days of 1.25% composite fiber (steel and
polypropylene) volume with 20% silica fume
concrete the decrease in compressive strength is
4.13%, split tensile strength is 3.21% and flexural
strength is 0.91% over plane concrete without fiber.
6. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 04 Issue: 10 | Oct -2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 334
[7] From experimental results, the optimum percentage
recommended as 1.25% composite fiber volume
with 10% silica fume for achieving maximum
benefits in compressive strength, flexural strength
and split tensile strength.
[8] Polypropylene fibers reduce the settlement, plastic,
water permeability and shrinkage.
REFERENCES
[1]. The Journal of Engineering Research Vol. 4, No.1
(2007) 17-22 Compressive Strength and Surface
Absorption of High Strength Silica Fume Concrete
Under Different Curing Conditions S.K. Al-Oraimi*,
A.W. Hago, H.F. Hassan and R.TahaDepartment of
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Sultan Qaboos
University, P.O. Box 33, Al-Khoud 123, Muscat,
Oman Received 17 September 2005; accepted 15 April
2006
[2]. International Journal of Electronics, Communication &
Soft Computing Science and Engineering ISSN: 2277-
9477, Volume 3, Issue 1 17. Experimental Study On
High Performance Concrete Mr.Sabale Vishal
Dhondiram Miss. BorgaveManali Deepak
Mr.ShindeSurajDadasaheb Miss.
BhagwatMayuriDattatray.
[3]. The International Journal Of Engineering And Science
(IJES) ||Volume||2 ||Issue|| 5 ||Pages|| 40-45||2013||
ISSN(e): 2319 – 1813 ISSN(p): 2319 – 1805
www.theijes.com The IJES Page 40. Experimental
Investigation on Silica Fume aspartial Replacement of
Cement in High Performance Concrete
1,T.Shanmugapriya , 2,Dr.R.N.Uma 1,Department of
Civil Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of
Technology, Coimbatore -10, India. 2,Department of
Civil Engineering, Sri Ramakrishna Institute of
Technology, Coimbatore -10, India.
[4]. International Journal of Computer and Communication
Engineering, Vol. 1, No. 2, July 2012.Experimental
Investigation on High PerformanceConcrete Using
Silica Fume and Superplasticizer..P. Vinayagam
[5]. American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER) e-
ISSN : 2320-0847 p-ISSN : 2320-0936 Volume-2 pp-
01-05 www.ajer.org. Effect of silica fume on the
resistance to chloride ion penetration in high
performance concrete Krishnakumar S.1, Asif Abdul
Vahab2, Akhil RajS.R.2, Jayasree S2 Job Thomas1
1Division of Civil Engineering, School of Engineering,
Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi-
682022, Kerala, India 2Department of Civil
Engineering, Mar Baselios College of Engineering
And Technology, Mar IvaniosVidyanagar, Nalanchira
P.O, Thiruvananthapuram,695015, Kerala, India
BIOGRAPHIES
Dr.H.M.Somasekharaiah holds his
Ph.Ddegree from JNTU, Ananthapura,
India. Professor in Department of Civil
Engineering at RYMECBallari,
Karnataka, India. He is having 27 years
of academic teaching, consultancy and
research experience. . He has published
many international and national journals. He has supervised
many PhD and M.Tech projects.
Adanagouda received his BE in Civil
Engineering, M.Tech in Structural
Engineering and is currently pursuing
his Ph.D (VTU, Belagavi) in Hybrid
fiber reinforced concrete with mineral
admixtures. He is an Assistant
Professor in Department of Civil
Engineering at RYMECBallari, Karnataka, India.
Basavaraj.K.S.received his BE in Civil
Engineering, pursuing his M.Tech in
Structural Engineering at RYMEC
Ballari, Karnataka, India