Electronic voting machines (EVMs) were introduced in India in the late 1990s as an alternative to paper ballots. EVMs make it easier for voters to see candidates and cast their vote, and some include voice support for visually impaired voters. However, physically challenged people have complained that touchscreens are not always accurate. While EVMs reduce counting time, some trust the traditional paper ballot more because high technology is vulnerable to hacking. Paper ballots do not risk elections being hacked but require manual counting and do not allow for automation. They also make it difficult for physically challenged voters to cast private votes without assistance.

1. EVM AND PAPER
BALLET MACHINE
LEARNING OUTCOME 8

2. INTRODUCTION
• Electronic voting is the standard means of conducting using
electronic voting machine sometimes called “EVM” in
India. The use of evms and electronic voting was developed
and tested by the state owned electronics corporation of
india and bharat electronics in the 1990S. They were
introduced in india elections between 1998 and 2001 in
Phased manner. Prior to the introduction of electronic
voting. India used paper ballots and manual counting.

3. EVM ADVANTAGES
o In electronic voting machines one can see all the
symbols and names of the candidates together
which makes it easier for the voter to choose among
the many and cast their votes.
o Few electronic voting machines also come with a
voice support to assist the visually impaired voter. In
such cases, the visually challenged person can cast
their vote without any problem.

4. EVM DISADVANTAGES
 Many Physically challenged people have complained that the
touch base screen is not efficient enough to capture the vote
accurately. Sometimes it leads to the voter ending up voting for
someone else unintentionally.
 Although it takes the time to count votes that were captured
using paper ballot but people fully trust the process as high
technology are also vulnerable to hackers attack.

5. PAPER BALLOT ADVANTAGES
 The paper ballot is a traditional method used for vote
counting. The basic thing it is able to provide to the
voters is the trust factor. As it does not have electronic
circuits, it is impossible to highjack elections which use
the paper ballot.
 Few of the electronic voting machines works on the
battery which might get stuck in between due to low
power charge. Thus in the case of uninterrupted voting,
paper ballots are the best. Also, post usage of electronic
voting machines, the batteries are dumped in open
which might be hazardous to the environment.

6. PAPER BALLOT DISADVANTAGES
 There is no scope for automation in paper ballot system.
Electronic voting machines are preferred because it reduces the
manual work and with one press of the button, the votes are
recorded.
 The people who are physically challenged find it difficult to cast
their votes through the paper ballot and even if they cast their
votes using paper ballot they require someone to cast their vote on
behalf. In such cases, their privacy while casting vote is breached.
However., with EVMs in place they can just touch the screen in
order to cast their votes via touchscreen EVM.

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