The document discusses conventional bureaucracy and the new public management (NPM) approach and their implications for public policy implementation. Conventional bureaucracy is characterized by hierarchy, career administrators influencing policymaking, and policies being less public than in legislatures. NPM emerged in the 1980s and uses private sector techniques in the public sector, shifting the focus from administration to management, service delivery, and making public services more responsive to citizens and politicians. NPM advocates privatization and private sector provision of public goods and services where possible. It has also driven reforms to public employment systems and professional norms in public service.

1. EVALUATE THE IMPLICATION OF
CONVENTIONAL BUREAUCRACY AND
NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
APPROACH ON THE PUBLIC POLICY
IMPLEMENTATION
CONVENTIONAL BUREAUCRACY
The bureaucratic institution has their origin in ancient time and its
developed to became most large organization both public and
private. There are many meaning of bureaucracy. Generally, it
refers to organizing principles that are intended to achieve
coordination of work in large organization. Max weber (1864-
1920) in his book, the theory of social and economic organization
gave the name ‘BUREAUCRACY’ to describe a name of
organization o applicable to both public and private sector. In his
analysis he identifies three basic types of authority, which is
useful in describing the legal rational authority/legitimate authority
in organization.

2. TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY
Where acceptance of those in authority arise from custom and
tradition.
CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY
Where acceptance of authority arise from qualities of the ruler.
RATIONAL LEGAL AUTHORITY
Where acceptance arise out of the office, position of the person of
the authority bounded by the rules and procedure of the
organization.
Important characteristics of policy making process with
in the conventional bureaucracy. It involve two aspects:
 Identify the principle group in administrative agencies
that participate in the determination of the policy.

3. a) Political appointees
b) Career administrator
c) Outside expert
 How does policy making change?
a) Hierarchy and decision making
b) Strong influence of professional
c) Policy is considerably less public than it is in legislature.
The society as a whole must be in a position of
supply the resources for support of bureaucratic organization. As
such, society is expected to underwrite bureaucratic activities.
Theoretically, therefore, the bureaucracy has to pursue socially
acceptable goals.
NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
New public management (NPM) is a management/development
system that is utilized in companies, agencies and countries in
their entirety. The new theory, which came to be called ‘NEW
PUBLIC MANAGEMENT’ was proposed by David Osborne and
Ted Geabler in there book reinventing government. New public
management refers to a duster of contemporary ideas and
practices that seeks, at their core, to use private sector and
business approaches in the public sector.
THE NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
APPROACH AND CRISIS STATES
o Over the past couple of decades, the new public
management has literally swept the nation and the world.
o As a result, a number of highly positive changes have been
implemented in the public sector.

4. o New public management (NPM), management techniques
and practices drawn mainly from the private sector, is
increasingly seen as a global phenomenon.
o New public management reforms shift the emphasis from
traditional public administration to public management.
o New public management have been driven by a combination
of social, political and technological factor.
ROLE OF NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT
‘new public management’ has shifted the focus from public
service to service delivery. The principles associated with new
public management have been informed by the idea that public
service needs to be more responsive to both the preferences of
beneficiaries, citizens who pay for service provision through tax,
and politicians who represent the collective will and make policy
choices. From this perspective, ministers are seen as analogous
to customers, and citizens to consumers. New public

5. management has been informed by economic doctrines that have
advocated privatization, contestability in the delivery of public
goods and services and, where possible, the provision of these
goods and services through the private sector. For the core
public service, this has also been associated with significant
reforms to public employment systems and the norms of what
constitutes professional public service.