The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials used in batteries, and the lithium and vanadium mining industries. It notes that while electrical vehicles may help reduce emissions, mining for raw materials like lithium and cobalt raises issues around child labor and hazardous materials. It also discusses how countries like China are aiming to dominate the electrical vehicle market and the supply of raw materials.
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials used in batteries, and the lithium and vanadium mining industries. It notes that while electrical vehicles may help reduce emissions, battery production requires mining of materials that also causes environmental and social problems. It also discusses China's dominance in the lithium and electrical vehicle markets and the limited global supply of raw materials needed for batteries.
Electrical Vehicles (EV)| All you need to know| January 2021paul young cpa, cga
Lithium
Global lithium supply and demand at the end of last year was nearly even, according to data from Benchmark Mineral Intelligence. By 2025, though, demand is expected to outstrip supply by nearly 228,000 tons.
Prices have started to inch higher, especially in China, the world’s largest EV market, but must rise at least 10% more to make any expansions worthwhile, Norris said.
https://www.mining.com/web/weak-lithium-prices-could-slow-ev-revolution-albemarle/
Battery range
More and more concept cars are being developed as part of looking at ways to expand the battery distance for passenger vehicles.
https://www.caranddriver.com/news/g29994375/future-electric-cars-trucks/ or https://www.canadadrives.ca/blog/car-guide/cheapest-electric-cars-in-canada
Plugin stations
More expansion of plug-in stations is required to support electrical vehicles - https://techcrunch.com/2021/01/22/evgo-to-go-public-via-spac-in-bid-to-power-ev-charging-expansion/
Global Emissions - https://ihsmarkit.com/research-analysis/china-fueling-rebound-in-global-carbon-emissions-in-2021.html
The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials needed for batteries, and key countries involved in mining lithium and vanadium. It discusses how falling battery costs are improving the cost competitiveness of electric vehicles. The document also examines efforts to develop cobalt-free batteries using mainly nickel and lithium mining activities in Canada.
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials, battery market, manufacturers, subsidies, and development in various countries. Key points include:
- Electrical vehicles can help reduce air pollution but battery production has environmental issues. Raw materials like lithium and cobalt are mined in countries with child labor concerns.
- China and Europe have the largest electrical vehicle markets currently. Sales are increasing globally by over 40% annually.
- Major automakers like GM and Ford are launching more affordable electrical models to compete with Tesla and help electrical vehicles go mainstream.
- Countries like Canada and China are developing lithium and vanadium resources to supply the growing battery market.
The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles including their environmental impact, raw materials, battery market, key countries, manufacturers, subsidies, and challenges. It discusses topics like lithium and vanadium mining, the growing electrical vehicle market, efforts in Canada to develop lithium and vanadium resources, and startup electrical vehicle companies. Concerns mentioned include the toxicity of battery production, reliance on subsidies, and ensuring adequate charging infrastructure and raw material supplies.
More and more countries are pushing electrical vehicles via subsidies. Little is discussed when it comes mining of rare metals or battery range or access to plug-in station or the fact that many countries generation their power from coal, natural gas, etc.
EV| Electrical Trucks Cars and Ships| Analysis and Commentarypaul young cpa, cga
World is pushing for EV solutions as part or removing the CO2 from cars, trucks, trains and ships. This presentation looks at different angles related to EV.
It is very important to look at different ways to control air pollution.
Not enough is said about toxicity when it comes to mining, refining, fabricating, installing and recycling of lithium and vanadium batteries
There are issues with supporting plug-in stations
Tax incentives to electrical cars is an issue, especially as people cry for money for healthcare, education and welfare.
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials used in batteries, and the lithium and vanadium mining industries. It notes that while electrical vehicles may help reduce emissions, battery production requires mining of materials that also causes environmental and social problems. It also discusses China's dominance in the lithium and electrical vehicle markets and the limited global supply of raw materials needed for batteries.
Electrical Vehicles (EV)| All you need to know| January 2021paul young cpa, cga
Lithium
Global lithium supply and demand at the end of last year was nearly even, according to data from Benchmark Mineral Intelligence. By 2025, though, demand is expected to outstrip supply by nearly 228,000 tons.
Prices have started to inch higher, especially in China, the world’s largest EV market, but must rise at least 10% more to make any expansions worthwhile, Norris said.
https://www.mining.com/web/weak-lithium-prices-could-slow-ev-revolution-albemarle/
Battery range
More and more concept cars are being developed as part of looking at ways to expand the battery distance for passenger vehicles.
https://www.caranddriver.com/news/g29994375/future-electric-cars-trucks/ or https://www.canadadrives.ca/blog/car-guide/cheapest-electric-cars-in-canada
Plugin stations
More expansion of plug-in stations is required to support electrical vehicles - https://techcrunch.com/2021/01/22/evgo-to-go-public-via-spac-in-bid-to-power-ev-charging-expansion/
Global Emissions - https://ihsmarkit.com/research-analysis/china-fueling-rebound-in-global-carbon-emissions-in-2021.html
The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials needed for batteries, and key countries involved in mining lithium and vanadium. It discusses how falling battery costs are improving the cost competitiveness of electric vehicles. The document also examines efforts to develop cobalt-free batteries using mainly nickel and lithium mining activities in Canada.
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials, battery market, manufacturers, subsidies, and development in various countries. Key points include:
- Electrical vehicles can help reduce air pollution but battery production has environmental issues. Raw materials like lithium and cobalt are mined in countries with child labor concerns.
- China and Europe have the largest electrical vehicle markets currently. Sales are increasing globally by over 40% annually.
- Major automakers like GM and Ford are launching more affordable electrical models to compete with Tesla and help electrical vehicles go mainstream.
- Countries like Canada and China are developing lithium and vanadium resources to supply the growing battery market.
The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles including their environmental impact, raw materials, battery market, key countries, manufacturers, subsidies, and challenges. It discusses topics like lithium and vanadium mining, the growing electrical vehicle market, efforts in Canada to develop lithium and vanadium resources, and startup electrical vehicle companies. Concerns mentioned include the toxicity of battery production, reliance on subsidies, and ensuring adequate charging infrastructure and raw material supplies.
More and more countries are pushing electrical vehicles via subsidies. Little is discussed when it comes mining of rare metals or battery range or access to plug-in station or the fact that many countries generation their power from coal, natural gas, etc.
EV| Electrical Trucks Cars and Ships| Analysis and Commentarypaul young cpa, cga
World is pushing for EV solutions as part or removing the CO2 from cars, trucks, trains and ships. This presentation looks at different angles related to EV.
It is very important to look at different ways to control air pollution.
Not enough is said about toxicity when it comes to mining, refining, fabricating, installing and recycling of lithium and vanadium batteries
There are issues with supporting plug-in stations
Tax incentives to electrical cars is an issue, especially as people cry for money for healthcare, education and welfare.
Electrical Vehicles| Analysis and Commentary| February 2019paul young cpa, cga
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles including key topics such as the electrical vehicle market size, raw materials used in electrical vehicles like lithium and vanadium, electrical vehicle battery markets, plug-in stations, and electrical vehicle manufacturers. It also discusses issues with supporting plug-in stations and tax incentives for electrical vehicles. Canada's lithium and vanadium resources and development are reviewed as well as startup electrical vehicle companies in Canada.
EV| Electrical and Hybrid Vehicles| Analysis and Commentary| November 4, 2020paul young cpa, cga
The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, market size, raw materials used in batteries, and battery market outlook. It discusses key raw materials like lithium, vanadium, and cobalt, as well as mining of these materials in countries like Australia, Chile, and Canada. China's growing dominance in the electrical vehicle market and raw materials is also covered.
Here is a look at automotive sales including electrical car sales. This presentation looks at all angles including environmental, subsidies, health of the automotive market, etc.
2019 Election| Are grants supporting Electrical Car Sales? paul young cpa, cga
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including:
1) It discusses the growing electrical vehicle market size globally and in top countries like Norway, sales increasing over 40% in 2016.
2) It covers electrical vehicle raw materials like lithium, vanadium, and rare earth metals and mentions mining of these materials in countries like Australia, Chile, and China.
3) It addresses falling battery costs that could make electrical vehicles cheaper than gas vehicles by 2025, helping achieve more widespread adoption.
It is very important to look at different ways to control air pollution.
Not enough is said about toxicity when it comes to mining, refining, fabricating, installing and recycling of lithium and vanadium batteries
There are issues with supporting plug-in stations
Tax incentives to electrical cars is an issue, especially as people cry for money for healthcare, education and welfare.
The document discusses the electric vehicle market and related topics. It provides an overview of the size of the electric car market, raw materials used in batteries like lithium and vanadium, countries mining these materials, and companies manufacturing electric cars. It also addresses issues around developing infrastructure like charging stations and ensuring adequate battery and raw material supply as adoption of electric vehicles increases.
Tesla Motors, Panasonic J-V for Gigafactory - Simon Moores Research NoteSimon Moores
A Research note on the partnership between Tesla Motors and Panasonic to build the world's largest lithium-ion battery plant in the US. Looks at the position of each company and the raw materials required (graphite, lithium,cobalt).
Capgemini ses - electric vehicles pov (gr)Gord Reynolds
Electric vehicles are expected to experience significant growth over the next decade due to consumer demand for more fuel efficient vehicles and concerns about the environment. While electric vehicles currently only make up a small portion of total vehicle sales, their market share is forecasted to grow at a 12% compound annual growth rate globally as battery technology improves and prices decrease. However, for electric vehicles to truly take off widespread adoption faces challenges including improving battery performance, building out charging infrastructure, bringing down prices to be competitive with gas vehicles, and gaining broad consumer acceptance. Collaboration across the automotive and energy industries as well as support from governments will be key to addressing these challenges and realizing the promise of electric vehicles.
AMERICAN MANGANESE CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGYLarry Reaugh
New Technologies That May Change the Economics of Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries
The Cobalt Conference 2017
Cobalt Development Institute
Marrakech, Morocco - May 17/18, 2017
- The document discusses strategic issues facing ExxonMobil including adapting to a changing energy market and addressing greenhouse gas emissions. It recommends ExxonMobil expand into natural gas extraction and greener fracking in the short term, and invest in alternative energy sources like solar and wind in the long term.
- An external analysis identifies ExxonMobil's major competitors and discusses factors like supplier power, buyer power, threats of substitutes, and the overall attractiveness of the oil industry. It concludes the industry barriers to entry are very high.
Electric vehicles and China´s chemical industry Kai Pflug
The trend towards electric vehicles - which receive strong government support in China - pushes the demand for a number of materials provided by the chemical industry, e.g., in the area of plastics, battery materials and lubricants.
- Lithium demand is expected to grow almost threefold over the next 10 years, driven primarily by increased use in batteries for electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and other applications.
- Batteries are projected to be the fastest growing segment of lithium use, increasing from 27% currently to over 50% by 2020, driven especially by electric vehicles.
- Lithium-ion batteries outperform other alternatives on key metrics for electric vehicles like energy density, recharge time, and cold weather performance, gaining traction among automakers.
This document summarizes a literature review conducted by a group on the topics of classical versus modern strategies, disruptive innovation, blue ocean strategies, and an analysis of Tesla Motors. It includes sections that synthesize literature on value networks and core logic, literature gaps in blue ocean strategy and global sustainability, and an original research analysis of Tesla Motors including its background, strategic positioning, challenges, and Elon Musk's role as an innovator. It concludes with an annotated bibliography and appendix with additional details.
This document is a term paper on Tesla Motors and electric vehicles. It provides an introduction and thesis stating that Tesla Motors will lead the global electric vehicle transformation through mass producing the first line of all-electric vehicles. The paper acknowledges assistance from the author's professor and declares sources may contain errors. It then outlines the paper's structure, covering Tesla and Elon Musk's background, the company's products and vision, impacts on energy and transportation, and risks and future implications. The document contains research perspectives on both consumer and production sides to evaluate short and long-term challenges of widespread electric vehicle adoption.
The Electrification Coalition partnered with Fort Collins and Loveland, Colorado to create Drive Electric Northern Colorado (DENC), a model community initiative to facilitate electric vehicle deployment. DENC will implement strategies around EV readiness, education, fleet transition, and consumer purchase to accelerate EV adoption. Initial results show cost savings from Loveland's electric fleet and a drop in fuel spending for the whole city. DENC aims to establish best practices that can be replicated nationwide.
The document discusses a potential merger between Toyota and Tesla. It includes background information on both companies, a SWOT analysis for each, and discusses their strategies and compatibility. It also analyzes the global auto market, potential strategic alternatives for the merger, due diligence considerations, valuation methods, and integration issues.
New Energy Conference-Haitham Kamhiyeh's SpeechEDAMA
The document summarizes the keynote speech given at the 1st New Energy Conference in Amman, Jordan. The speech discusses Jordan's fiscal challenges related to energy imports and prices. It outlines opportunities for renewable energy to address these issues and help diversify Jordan's economy. The speaker notes that increasing renewable energy capacity could reduce electricity price volatility and make Jordan a hub for renewable research and industry in the region. Banks are urged to provide financing for renewable projects of all sizes to support this transformation. The keynote highlights Capital Bank's existing initiatives to finance green projects through a partnership with the French Development Agency.
2019 Election| Clean Technology and Climate| Canada| June 2019paul young cpa, cga
The document provides an overview of clean technology and government policy in Canada. It includes sections on clean technology business and manufacturing statistics in Canada, power generation sources, business losses in the clean technology sector, foreign direct investment trends, and various blogs and articles on topics like the climate index, SDTC funding results, electric vehicles, rare metals, and the NDP's proposed $15 billion climate plan for the 2019 Canadian federal election. The document aims to analyze clean technology and energy issues from both an economic and environmental perspective.
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials, battery market, manufacturers, subsidies, and development in various countries. Key points include:
- Electrical vehicles can help reduce air pollution but battery production has environmental issues involving child labor and hazardous materials.
- Global electrical vehicle sales are growing rapidly, led by countries like China, Norway, and Germany which provide substantial subsidies.
- Lithium and vanadium are critical raw materials for batteries, with mining concentrated in countries like Australia, Chile, and China. Supply may not meet long-term demand.
- Major automakers like GM, Ford, and BYD are introducing more electrical vehicle models to compete with Tesla, while some
The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials used in batteries, key countries involved in mining those materials, and various electrical vehicle manufacturers and models. It discusses topics like the size of the electrical vehicle market, challenges around supplying enough lithium and other battery materials to meet demand, and China's dominance in the lithium and electrical vehicle supply chains.
Electrical Vehicles| Analysis and Commentary| February 2019paul young cpa, cga
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles including key topics such as the electrical vehicle market size, raw materials used in electrical vehicles like lithium and vanadium, electrical vehicle battery markets, plug-in stations, and electrical vehicle manufacturers. It also discusses issues with supporting plug-in stations and tax incentives for electrical vehicles. Canada's lithium and vanadium resources and development are reviewed as well as startup electrical vehicle companies in Canada.
EV| Electrical and Hybrid Vehicles| Analysis and Commentary| November 4, 2020paul young cpa, cga
The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, market size, raw materials used in batteries, and battery market outlook. It discusses key raw materials like lithium, vanadium, and cobalt, as well as mining of these materials in countries like Australia, Chile, and Canada. China's growing dominance in the electrical vehicle market and raw materials is also covered.
Here is a look at automotive sales including electrical car sales. This presentation looks at all angles including environmental, subsidies, health of the automotive market, etc.
2019 Election| Are grants supporting Electrical Car Sales? paul young cpa, cga
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including:
1) It discusses the growing electrical vehicle market size globally and in top countries like Norway, sales increasing over 40% in 2016.
2) It covers electrical vehicle raw materials like lithium, vanadium, and rare earth metals and mentions mining of these materials in countries like Australia, Chile, and China.
3) It addresses falling battery costs that could make electrical vehicles cheaper than gas vehicles by 2025, helping achieve more widespread adoption.
It is very important to look at different ways to control air pollution.
Not enough is said about toxicity when it comes to mining, refining, fabricating, installing and recycling of lithium and vanadium batteries
There are issues with supporting plug-in stations
Tax incentives to electrical cars is an issue, especially as people cry for money for healthcare, education and welfare.
The document discusses the electric vehicle market and related topics. It provides an overview of the size of the electric car market, raw materials used in batteries like lithium and vanadium, countries mining these materials, and companies manufacturing electric cars. It also addresses issues around developing infrastructure like charging stations and ensuring adequate battery and raw material supply as adoption of electric vehicles increases.
Tesla Motors, Panasonic J-V for Gigafactory - Simon Moores Research NoteSimon Moores
A Research note on the partnership between Tesla Motors and Panasonic to build the world's largest lithium-ion battery plant in the US. Looks at the position of each company and the raw materials required (graphite, lithium,cobalt).
Capgemini ses - electric vehicles pov (gr)Gord Reynolds
Electric vehicles are expected to experience significant growth over the next decade due to consumer demand for more fuel efficient vehicles and concerns about the environment. While electric vehicles currently only make up a small portion of total vehicle sales, their market share is forecasted to grow at a 12% compound annual growth rate globally as battery technology improves and prices decrease. However, for electric vehicles to truly take off widespread adoption faces challenges including improving battery performance, building out charging infrastructure, bringing down prices to be competitive with gas vehicles, and gaining broad consumer acceptance. Collaboration across the automotive and energy industries as well as support from governments will be key to addressing these challenges and realizing the promise of electric vehicles.
AMERICAN MANGANESE CATHODE RECYCLING TECHNOLOGYLarry Reaugh
New Technologies That May Change the Economics of Recycling Lithium-Ion Batteries
The Cobalt Conference 2017
Cobalt Development Institute
Marrakech, Morocco - May 17/18, 2017
- The document discusses strategic issues facing ExxonMobil including adapting to a changing energy market and addressing greenhouse gas emissions. It recommends ExxonMobil expand into natural gas extraction and greener fracking in the short term, and invest in alternative energy sources like solar and wind in the long term.
- An external analysis identifies ExxonMobil's major competitors and discusses factors like supplier power, buyer power, threats of substitutes, and the overall attractiveness of the oil industry. It concludes the industry barriers to entry are very high.
Electric vehicles and China´s chemical industry Kai Pflug
The trend towards electric vehicles - which receive strong government support in China - pushes the demand for a number of materials provided by the chemical industry, e.g., in the area of plastics, battery materials and lubricants.
- Lithium demand is expected to grow almost threefold over the next 10 years, driven primarily by increased use in batteries for electric vehicles, consumer electronics, and other applications.
- Batteries are projected to be the fastest growing segment of lithium use, increasing from 27% currently to over 50% by 2020, driven especially by electric vehicles.
- Lithium-ion batteries outperform other alternatives on key metrics for electric vehicles like energy density, recharge time, and cold weather performance, gaining traction among automakers.
This document summarizes a literature review conducted by a group on the topics of classical versus modern strategies, disruptive innovation, blue ocean strategies, and an analysis of Tesla Motors. It includes sections that synthesize literature on value networks and core logic, literature gaps in blue ocean strategy and global sustainability, and an original research analysis of Tesla Motors including its background, strategic positioning, challenges, and Elon Musk's role as an innovator. It concludes with an annotated bibliography and appendix with additional details.
This document is a term paper on Tesla Motors and electric vehicles. It provides an introduction and thesis stating that Tesla Motors will lead the global electric vehicle transformation through mass producing the first line of all-electric vehicles. The paper acknowledges assistance from the author's professor and declares sources may contain errors. It then outlines the paper's structure, covering Tesla and Elon Musk's background, the company's products and vision, impacts on energy and transportation, and risks and future implications. The document contains research perspectives on both consumer and production sides to evaluate short and long-term challenges of widespread electric vehicle adoption.
The Electrification Coalition partnered with Fort Collins and Loveland, Colorado to create Drive Electric Northern Colorado (DENC), a model community initiative to facilitate electric vehicle deployment. DENC will implement strategies around EV readiness, education, fleet transition, and consumer purchase to accelerate EV adoption. Initial results show cost savings from Loveland's electric fleet and a drop in fuel spending for the whole city. DENC aims to establish best practices that can be replicated nationwide.
The document discusses a potential merger between Toyota and Tesla. It includes background information on both companies, a SWOT analysis for each, and discusses their strategies and compatibility. It also analyzes the global auto market, potential strategic alternatives for the merger, due diligence considerations, valuation methods, and integration issues.
New Energy Conference-Haitham Kamhiyeh's SpeechEDAMA
The document summarizes the keynote speech given at the 1st New Energy Conference in Amman, Jordan. The speech discusses Jordan's fiscal challenges related to energy imports and prices. It outlines opportunities for renewable energy to address these issues and help diversify Jordan's economy. The speaker notes that increasing renewable energy capacity could reduce electricity price volatility and make Jordan a hub for renewable research and industry in the region. Banks are urged to provide financing for renewable projects of all sizes to support this transformation. The keynote highlights Capital Bank's existing initiatives to finance green projects through a partnership with the French Development Agency.
2019 Election| Clean Technology and Climate| Canada| June 2019paul young cpa, cga
The document provides an overview of clean technology and government policy in Canada. It includes sections on clean technology business and manufacturing statistics in Canada, power generation sources, business losses in the clean technology sector, foreign direct investment trends, and various blogs and articles on topics like the climate index, SDTC funding results, electric vehicles, rare metals, and the NDP's proposed $15 billion climate plan for the 2019 Canadian federal election. The document aims to analyze clean technology and energy issues from both an economic and environmental perspective.
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials, battery market, manufacturers, subsidies, and development in various countries. Key points include:
- Electrical vehicles can help reduce air pollution but battery production has environmental issues involving child labor and hazardous materials.
- Global electrical vehicle sales are growing rapidly, led by countries like China, Norway, and Germany which provide substantial subsidies.
- Lithium and vanadium are critical raw materials for batteries, with mining concentrated in countries like Australia, Chile, and China. Supply may not meet long-term demand.
- Major automakers like GM, Ford, and BYD are introducing more electrical vehicle models to compete with Tesla, while some
The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including their environmental impact, raw materials used in batteries, key countries involved in mining those materials, and various electrical vehicle manufacturers and models. It discusses topics like the size of the electrical vehicle market, challenges around supplying enough lithium and other battery materials to meet demand, and China's dominance in the lithium and electrical vehicle supply chains.
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including:
1) It discusses the growing electrical vehicle market size and top selling countries. Norway has the highest market share of electrical vehicles in the world.
2) It covers key raw materials used in electrical vehicles like lithium, vanadium, and rare earth metals. It also discusses lithium and vanadium mining in countries like Australia, Chile, and China.
3) Concerns are raised about the supply of lithium and vanadium keeping up with demand from the growing electrical vehicle market and about the ethics of rare metal mining. Battery costs are falling but still make up half the cost of an electrical vehicle.
2019 Election| Elecitrical Vehicles| Analysis and Commentarypaul young cpa, cga
Only about 1% of all vehicle sales are electrical.
Governments around the world are throwing tax incentives as part of having more people adopt to electrical vehicles.
EV| Electrical and Hybrid Vehicles| Analysis and Commentary| January 21, 2021paul young cpa, cga
Biden – With a new administration taking office and a new decade upon us, it’s a perfect opportunity to recommit holding the automobile industry accountable under the Clean Air Act. While 50 years of regulation have brought with it substantial benefits, four years of automotive rollbacks have taken their toll, with stagnating fuel economy and numerous pollution scandals plaguing the industry.
https://cleantechnica.com/2021/01/20/under-biden-administration-passenger-car-regulations-must-keep-up-with-opportunity/
Plug-in stations issues - https://www.vanenburgsoftware.com/.tmb/journal/electric-vehicle-charging-challenges-bb338f
China controls over cobalt - https://www.mining.com/what-chinas-increasing-control-over-cobalt-resources-in-the-drc-means-for-the-west-report/
China and Coal - https://www.miningweekly.com/article/china-approves-6-coal-mines-in-xinjiang-2021-01-06
China and emissions - https://phys.org/news/2021-01-china-carbon-emissions-scheme-month.html
The document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including:
1) It discusses the growing electrical vehicle market size globally and in top countries.
2) It outlines some of the key raw materials used in electrical vehicles like lithium, vanadium, steel and discusses mining of lithium and vanadium in countries like Australia, Chile and China.
3) It also briefly discusses plug-in stations, manufacturers like Ford and Tesla, and subsidies for electrical vehicles.
2019 Election| Zero Emissions / Electrical Vehicles| Canada paul young cpa, cga
It is very important to look at different ways to control air pollution.
Not enough is said about toxicity when it comes to mining, refining, fabricating, installing and recycling of lithium and vanadium batteries
There are issues with supporting plug-in stations
Tax incentives to electrical cars is an issue, especially as people cry for money for healthcare, education and welfare.
It is very important to look at different ways to control air pollution.
Not enough is said about toxicity when it comes to mining, refining, fabricating, installing and recycling of lithium and vanadium batteries
There are issues with supporting plug-in stations
Tax incentives to electrical cars is an issue, especially as people cry for money for healthcare, education and welfare.
World-Wide Electrical Vehicle Market: all you need to knowpaul young cpa, cga
This document provides an overview of electrical vehicles, including:
- The electrical vehicle market size and key raw materials like lithium and vanadium
- Canada's potential for lithium and vanadium mining and development
- Challenges around electrical vehicle adoption like lack of charging infrastructure
- Major electrical vehicle manufacturers like Ford ramping up electrical vehicle production
- China's push to become a large electrical vehicle market through initiatives like requiring 2 million annual electric vehicles by 2020
EV| Electrical Vehicles| All you need to know| November 2020 paul young cpa, cga
Blog – Electrical vehicle Sales – November 2020
The plug-in car market share was 4.9% (same as in September), which means that one in 20 new cars are already rechargeable. - https://insideevs.com/news/457755/global-plugin-electric-car-sales-october-2020/
China has seen fewer pollution days - https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202012/02/WS5fc6e5eba31024ad0ba99331.html
China still has coal-fired plants under construction - https://energy.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/coal/china-has-250-gw-of-coal-fired-power-under-development-study/76616107
Here is a look into Electrical Sales. China still leads the world in adoption. The rest of the world has been slow when it comes to adoption of electrical vehicles.
This document provides an overview and analysis of clean technology raw materials and the Canadian market. It discusses key topics like battery production, lithium, vanadium and graphite production globally and in Canada. It also covers the growing electrical vehicle and energy storage markets. Challenges for Canada include developing raw material resources and supply chains to take advantage of growing demand, while addressing issues like ensuring commercial viability and reducing environmental impacts of resource development projects.
Low adoption of electrical cars
Lack of infrastructure (plug-in stations)
Battery life (mileage)
Ontario government policies
Electrical car sales are still only 2% despite Liberal government incentives
A performance audit needs to be done on charging stations
Liberals continue to mismanage moneys!
Source
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2018/01/global-electric-car-sales-will-top-2-million-in-2018-and-china-will-top-1-5-million.html
http://torontosun.com/news/provincial/ont-electric-car-charging-program-was-screw-up-ev-drivers#comments
Study: Electrical cars (EV) - Wave of the Future - may 2017paul young cpa, cga
More and more people are being pushed to electrical cars as part cleaner life.
There are many issues facing adoption of electrical cars like costs, access to raw materials, charging and mileage.
There is allot of talk that world should be carbon-free by 2030. The problem is that carbon plays a vital role in everyday life of people as such replacing oil-based products will take time.
This document provides an overview of the battery supply chain in Europe, including raw materials, bottlenecks, and potential solutions. It discusses the growth of the EV market in Europe and increasing demand for battery materials like lithium, cobalt, and nickel through 2030. Current supply chain disruptions are outlined, with Europe heavily reliant on other regions for raw materials. Proposed solutions focus on developing secondary supply chains through battery reuse, recycling, and investing in recycling facilities. Long-term strategies include alliances to diversify raw material sourcing and funding to encourage domestic refining and production.
Electrical Vehicle Adoption - Analysis and Commentary - April 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Blog – Zero Emissions and Hybrid Vehicles Analysis and Commentary – April 2023
Summary:
According to a recent poll, roughly four out of 10 adults in the U.S. who drive gas cars are at least somewhat likely to switch to EVs for their next vehicle purchase, as reported by the Chicago Tribune. The poll was jointly conducted by the Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research and the University of Chicago’s Energy Policy Institute, and it suggests that there’s still some room to grow when it comes to both charging infrastructure and EV prices.
Source - https://insideevs.com/news/662932/poll-four-in-10-drivers-may-buy-electric-car-next/
Other sources:
Electrical vehicle sales hit 812K for the February 2023 - https://insideevs.com/news/661954/global-plugin-car-sales-february2023/
There continues to be an issue with lithium supplies and pricing - https://www.australianresourcesandinvestment.com.au/2023/04/19/why-2023-is-a-pivotal-year-for-lithium-prices/
Plug-in stations - https://www.myev.com/research/ev-101/what-it-costs-to-charge-an-electric-vehicle
Affordability is still an issue with electrical vehicles - https://www.americanenergyalliance.org/2023/04/biden-pricing-working-families-out-of-car-ownership/
Fire risks - https://www.9news.com/article/news/local/next/next-with-kyle-clark/firefighters-change-training-electric-battery-fires/73-0cd31447-74ca-4920-ab7c-a5e4aa19779e
Insurance Risks - https://insurancenewsnet.com/innarticle/bidens-call-for-evs-raises-questions-for-many-including-insurers
Supply chain - https://www.mining.com/supply-chain-problems-in-the-forecast-as-battery-metals-demand-surges-study/
Environmental - https://earth.org/lithium-and-cobalt-mining/
ESG - https://www.accountingtoday.com/news/coso-guidance-help-accountants-deal-with-esg-and-internal-controls
This presentation looks at clean technology for Canada. The presentation will give more facts and figures as it relates to environment, taxation, subsidies, viability of technology, etc.
Similar to EV - Electrical Vehicles - Analysis and Commentary (20)
Retail Sales and Consumer Spending Analysis and Commentary - July 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Canadian retail sales dropped 0.3% in August, the first decline since March, as higher interest rates start to impact household budgets. Seven of the nine retail subsectors saw sales increases in July, led by food and beverage retailers, while motor vehicle and parts dealers saw the largest decrease. Excluding autos, retail sales in July rose 1%, double expectations. The report suggests Canadians are tightening spending as more face higher mortgage payments and gas prices due to Bank of Canada rate hikes aimed at slowing inflation.
Addressing issues with the Public Sector Governance Model.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
The key challenges facing Australian business leaders in 2023 include:
1. Talent acquisition, retention and training staff for digital transformation.
2. Implementing successful digital transformation while managing cyber risks.
3. Adapting to changing regulations and reporting requirements.
Health risks from COVID-19, social reputation concerns, and disruptive emerging technologies are also significant social challenges impacting Australian businesses. Over the next 3-5 years, talent management for digitization, cybersecurity, digital transformation, regulatory changes, and identifying new growth opportunities will be the top challenges according to business leaders.
Global Housing Market Analysis and Commentary- September 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Summary:
Homebuilders are walking a fine line when it comes to new projects as high mortgage rates curb demand.
New residential construction, including single-family homes and multifamily, dropped 11.3% month over month in August to 1.283 million units on a seasonally adjusted basis, according to Census Bureau data released Tuesday. That's down 14.8% compared with a year ago and well below the 1.44 million units economists surveyed by Bloomberg projected.
But authorized residential permits — an indicator of potential future activity — rose 6.9% to 1.543 million permits in August from July. That was still down 2.7% from last August. Single-family permits, though, were up 2% from July to 949,000. Multifamily permits came in at 535,000.
The data reflects two opposing forces builders are trying to balance: the ongoing need for new construction to fill in limited inventory and elevated mortgage rates that are hurting their biggest customer right now, the first-time homebuyer.
"High mortgage rates are clearly taking a toll on builder confidence and consumer demand, as a growing number of buyers are electing to defer a home purchase until long-term rates move lower," Robert Dietz, chief economist of the National Association of Home Builders, said Monday in a press release after builder confidence dropped for the second straight month.
Source: https://ca.finance.yahoo.com/news/homebuilders-face-a-tough-balancing-act-on-new-construction-amid-high-mortgage-rates-130744368.html
Blog – What is next for the Mining Sector – September 2023
The mining sector provides critical material that support solar, wind, and lithium-ion batteries as part of the green transition. https://www.iea.org/news/critical-minerals-market-sees-unprecedented-growth-as-clean-energy-demand-drives-strong-increase-in-investment
The mining sector products play a key role with the global GDP - https://www.yicaiglobal.com/news/global-mining-industry-value-was-69-of-world-gdp-last-year-china-says
Mining practices need to be sustainable including following all ESG policies - https://www.linkedin.com/advice/1/how-can-you-monitor-sustainable-mining-practices
Other links and sources –
Lithium Supply and Price - https://zbr.com.mx/en/sin-categoria-es/lithium-prices-fall-44-in-china-due-to-lack-of-demand/138168/
Cobalt - https://www.linkedin.com/posts/mahmut-karada%C5%9F-a2b7a5151_china-exportrestrictions-gallium-activity-7082603182589157376-Zrty/?trk=public_profile_like_view
Nickel https://www.eureporter.co/business/2023/09/15/stanislav-kondrashov-from-telf-ag-nickel-prices-outlook-remains-positive/
Iron-ore - https://www.brecorder.com/news/40263584/sgx-iron-ore-set-for-best-week-in-3-months
TD Bank / Metals - https://www.tdsecurities.com/ca/en/setting-the-stage-for-gold-outlook
Biodiversity / Mining - https://worldcrunch.com/green/lithium-green-energy-argentina-indigenous
ESG - https://iriscarbon.com/the-added-value-of-integrated-esg-reporting-a-threefold-framework/
Blog – Manufacturing Shipments and Orders – The United States – August 2023
Summary:
New orders for manufacturing technology in the United States totaled $353.9 million in July 2023, as per the latest report by AMT – The Association For Manufacturing Technology. This figure marked a 12.4% decline from June 2023 but remained only 10.5% lower than July 2022. Year-to-date orders amounted to $2.83 billion, reflecting a 12.7% decrease compared to the same period the previous year.
Douglas K. Woods, President of AMT, noted that July is typically a slower month for manufacturing technology orders, so a slight drop was expected. However, he pointed out a notable trend: over the last two months, the year-to-date order gap has narrowed during historically slow periods. While job shops have seen decreased orders, other industries that benefited from reshoring or government investments have helped fill the gap.
Among specific sectors, job shops, the largest customer segment, placed their lowest total monthly orders since August 2020. In contrast, metal valve manufacturers recorded their third-highest monthly order value on record, last seen in September 2018, making up nearly 5% of the total manufacturing technology order value for July 2023. Manufacturers of motor vehicle transmissions continued to order machinery at an elevated pace. However, the aerospace industry continued to order below its early 2022 peaks, with hopes that recent projects like the federal government's $1.5 billion investment in communications satellites might reverse this trend.
Source: https://www.sme.org/technologies/articles/2023/september/u.s.-manufacturing-technology-orders-dip-in-july-but-show-resilience-amid-economic-uncertainty
Stock Market Analysis and Commentary for WE September 15 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Blog – Analysis and Commentary – Stock Market – WE September 15 2023
Summary:
Stocks fell Friday as investors wrap up a volatile week ahead of the Federal Reserve's policy meeting.
The Dow Jones Industrials tumbled 288.87 points to close out Friday and the week at 34,618.24. At its lows, it completely wiped out Thursday's 332-point rally.
The S&P 500 index sank 54.78 points, or 1.2%, to 4,450.32.
The NASDAQ index plunged 217.72 points, or 1.6%, to 13,708.33.
The Dow held onto a winning week. The S&P 500 and NASDAQ both closed out the week with losses.
Information technology was the worst-performing sector in the S&P 500, down nearly 2%. Adobe shares fell more than 4% even after the software firm posted better-than-expected quarterly results. Shares of Arm Holdings were lower one day after its successful public debut.
Auto stocks General Motors and Stellantis N.V. were higher Friday, while Ford Motor was about flat. Thousands of members of the United Auto Workers went on strike after failing to reach a deal with the automakers Thursday night.
Elsewhere, Lennar shares slid 3%. The home construction firm posted third-quarter results that beat on the top and bottom lines.
On the economic front, the University of Michigan's consumer sentiment survey showed one-year inflation expectations dropped to 3.1% in
September, tied for the lowest since January 2021. Also, the five-year outlook fell to 2.7%, matching its lowest since December 2020.
- Canadian manufacturing sales increased 1.6% in July, led by higher sales in food products, petroleum and coal products, and transportation equipment. Paper and plastics sales decreased the most.
- Inventory levels increased slightly while unfilled orders decreased, pointing to a potential slowdown.
- The manufacturing sector in Canada will continue to face challenges such as global economic uncertainty, rising costs, supply chain issues, climate change risks, and skills shortages.
Electricity Analysis - Canada and the OECD - June 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Summary:
Over three-quarters of the world’s total coal-generated electricity is consumed in just three countries. China is the top user of coal, making up 53.3% of global coal demand, followed by India at 13.6%, and the U.S. at 8.9%.
Burning coal—for electricity, as well as metallurgy and cement production—is the world’s single largest source of CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, its use in electricity generation has actually grown 91.2% since 1997, the year when the first global climate agreement was signed in Kyoto, Japan.
However, even as non-renewables enjoy their time in the sun, their days could be numbered.
In 2022, renewables, such as wind, solar, and geothermal, represented 14.4% of total electricity generation with an extraordinary annual growth rate of 14.7%, driven by big gains in solar and wind. Non-renewables, by contrast, only managed an anemic 0.4%.
The authors of the Statistical Review do not include hydroelectric in their renewable calculations, even though many others, including the International Energy Agency, consider it a “well-established renewable power technology.”
With hydroelectric moved into the renewable column, together they accounted for over 29.3% of all electricity generated in 2022, with an annual growth rate of 7.4%.
Source - https://energynow.ca/2023/09/infographic-what-electricity-sources-power-the-world-see-them-here-visual-capitalist/
Logistics Warehousing Transportation and Distrbution Analysis and Commentary ...paul young cpa, cga
The document provides an overview of key metrics and trends in the logistics, warehousing, distribution, and transportation sector. It includes data on consumer price index, diesel fuel costs, freight indexes, e-commerce sales, retail sales, class 8 truck sales, EPA emissions standards, trailer sales, and tonnage. It also discusses supply chain management solutions like planning analytics, blockchain, and AI assistants. Finally, it touches on topics like infrastructure spending, automation, and ESG reporting.
Retail Sales and Consumer Spending Analysis and Commentary - United States - ...paul young cpa, cga
United States retail sales rose 0.6% in August despite flat sales at internet retailers after Amazon Prime Day. Most of the increase was due to higher gasoline prices. While consumer spending has been strong, higher interest rates and a slowdown in hiring are expected to restrain purchases in the coming months. Forecasters predict the 2023 holiday shopping season could be the weakest in five years due to economic challenges facing consumers. The retail sector continues facing inventory management challenges and social governance issues.
How to improve the Governance Model for the Public Sector - United States - S...paul young cpa, cga
This document provides a summary of strategies to improve governance in government. It discusses factors that impact governance like transparency and accountability. It recommends using performance audits to assess key performance indicators and ensure recommendations are implemented. Other strategies include improving data ethics and literacy, mitigating geopolitical risks, adopting ESG reporting, and using technology like audit analytics and AI to enhance governance. The overall goal is for government to deliver programs and tax policies with value for money and transparency.
This document provides an analysis of the agriculture output and equipment sector for August 2023. It includes discussions of commodity prices, crop estimates, energy prices, food prices, farming incomes, top farming states, food processors, and the role of technology and government in farming. Key points covered include rising input costs challenging farmers, preliminary crop estimates for Canada, volatility in oil and diesel prices impacting farm expenses, and opportunities for data and automation to help address issues in the agriculture industry.
Biotech Pharmaceutical Medical Equipment and Supplies - Analysis - September ...paul young cpa, cga
This document provides an overview and agenda for a presentation on the biotech, pharmaceutical, and healthcare sector. It includes:
- An introduction and biography of presenter Paul Young CPA CGA
- An agenda covering topics like vaccine production, drug discovery, innovation in areas like storage and AI, and the life sciences strategy
- Links and summaries of information on these topics, including the top vaccine manufacturers, regulations in Canada, and growth in the pharmaceutical market
The presentation aims to discuss key areas of the biotech/pharmaceutical sector including vaccine development and production, drug discovery, innovation, and strategies for the life sciences industry. Links and outside sources are provided to support the topics in the agenda.
Better Public Safety Management using Analytics - September 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
This document discusses using analytics to improve public safety management. It outlines rising public safety costs for governments and key issues facing policing like complex crimes and accountability. The document presents crime rate data for Canada and discusses building machine learning models in SPSS and dashboards in Cognos Analytics to analyze police data and forecast expenses. Finally, it lists potential next steps for crime in Canada like bail and corrections reforms, gun control, and increased police oversight.
Stock Market Analysis and Commentary for WE September 9 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
What did the markets tell us this week?
1. Housing supply and costs continue to plague countries around the world.
2. Gasoline prices are on the rise that puts pressure on central banks ability to hit their core inflation targets.
3. ESG adoption by both the private and public sector is leading to both funding concerns and the overall cost of implementing ESG policies.
4. Adopting technology as part of increasing food production is facing both capital and operational funding concerns.
5. Strike at LNG facility in Australia is leading to concerns around a supply chain disruption of natural gas for EMEA and Asia.
6. The threat of China dumping batteries into markets - https://www.ft.com/content/b6038e51-7b5b-4f97-a5da-9202e71562fc
7. Adoption of generative AI has been facing many challenges related to security, privacy, and ethical issues.
8. Lack of biodiversity planning as part of the overall climate mitigation including sustainable mining, forestry, oil, gas, agriculture, and housing
9. Geopolitical issues continue to impact supply chain.
10. The concerns of recession continue to plague both the private and public sector.
11. Productivity issues continue to plague governments around the world.
Workforce Planning and Employment Analysis - August 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
The document discusses workforce planning and employment analysis. It provides an overview of employment statistics in the United States, Canada, and Australia. It then discusses Sysco's workforce planning model and the role of the CFO in workforce planning. Finally, it defines autonomous finance as the automation of financial operations through software and algorithms, and provides some key statistics on its adoption.
Global Automotive - Analysis and Commentary - August 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
This presentation provides an overview of key trends in the global automotive sector in August 2023. It discusses 1) sales trends in Canada, the US and globally, 2) the growth of electric vehicles and focus on reducing emissions, and 3) ongoing transformation in the industry through automation, connectivity and new technologies. Sources included discuss topics like electric vehicle production and adoption, public safety issues regarding EV fires, gasoline and car prices, supply chain challenges, and green transitions in transportation.
Global (Mining Oil and Gas Forestry and Agriculture) Analysis and Commentary ...paul young cpa, cga
The mining, oil, gas, agriculture, forestry, and mining continue to face environmental, social, and governance policy review including reporting of key metrics as part of ESG reporting cycle.
There is more focus on profitability and investment returns as part of the integrated planning and reporting cycle.
Summary:
The global economy faces what at least one forecaster is calling a mild trade recession as shipments from China slump and German factories downshift.
China’s export declines extended into August, though there were signs that the worst of a world trade slowdown may be over for the leading exporter.
Overseas shipments from China fell 8.8% in dollar terms from a year earlier while imports contracted 7.3%, both better than economists’ estimates and significantly less severe than July’s downturn.
Other data have suggested trade may be stabilizing after weakening for most of this year. Exports from South Korea also declined at a more moderate pace in August than the previous month.
Source: https://www.bloomberg.com/news/newsletters/2023-09-07/supply-chain-latest-world-trade-faces-a-shallow-recession?srnd=economics-v2
Additional sources and links:
Lithium - https://source.benchmarkminerals.com/article/falling-lithium-prices-challenge-potential-cost-advantages-of-sodium-batteries
Oil Production - https://www.cnn.com/2023/09/06/business/oil-price-goldman-sachs/index.html
Natural gas - https://www.fxstreet.com/news/natural-gas-holds-up-as-markets-in-limbo-over-strikes-202309070956
Lumber - https://www.fastmarkets.com/insights/sawmill-capacity-closures-reshape-us-lumber-supply
Critical metals - https://www.wasterecyclingmag.ca/feature/how-recycling-could-solve-the-shortage-of-minerals-essential-to-clean-energy/
Agriculture - https://www.morningagclips.com/economists-forecast-positive-end-of-year-crop-outlook-despite-warmer-midwestern-climate/
ESG - https://www.skadden.com/insights/publications/2023/09/the-informed-board/the-eus-new-esg-disclosure-rules
Ports - https://www.marketscreener.com/quote/stock/HAPAG-LLOYD-AG-24857717/news/Hapag-Lloyd-chief-warns-of-rougher-seas-ahead-for-container-shipping-44789017/
Top destination for reshoring - https://www.thenationalnews.com/business/economy/2023/08/29/uae-in-top-10-most-powerful-passports-for-investment-opportunity/
Global Trade - https://phys.org/news/2023-09-opinion-broke-global-climate-finish.html
What is next for the Forestry Sector and Lumber Production - September 2023.pptxpaul young cpa, cga
Lumber production in Canada continues to face many hurdles
Canada forest management practices are some of the bests in the world
Canada planted over 440M in seedlings back in 2018. It is now 2022 which means close 2M seedlings have been planted.
All levels need to put more focus on urban and rural planning solutions
More work including spending on wildfire and forest fire mitigation
Canada and USA need to find a path forward to resolve the softwood lumber dispute
There needs to a better balanced between climate change policies and growing the economy in a sustainable way
3D printing for housing needs to become mainstream
More protection needs to happen with key ecosystems like wetlands, forest, and peatlands.
There is a risk of debt default if interest rates are hike over the next few months
5 Tips for Creating Standard Financial ReportsEasyReports
Well-crafted financial reports serve as vital tools for decision-making and transparency within an organization. By following the undermentioned tips, you can create standardized financial reports that effectively communicate your company's financial health and performance to stakeholders.
STREETONOMICS: Exploring the Uncharted Territories of Informal Markets throug...sameer shah
Delve into the world of STREETONOMICS, where a team of 7 enthusiasts embarks on a journey to understand unorganized markets. By engaging with a coffee street vendor and crafting questionnaires, this project uncovers valuable insights into consumer behavior and market dynamics in informal settings."
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
Lecture slide titled Fraud Risk Mitigation, Webinar Lecture Delivered at the Society for West African Internal Audit Practitioners (SWAIAP) on Wednesday, November 8, 2023.
Seminar: Gender Board Diversity through Ownership NetworksGRAPE
Seminar on gender diversity spillovers through ownership networks at FAME|GRAPE. Presenting novel research. Studies in economics and management using econometrics methods.
Vicinity Jobs’ data includes more than three million 2023 OJPs and thousands of skills. Most skills appear in less than 0.02% of job postings, so most postings rely on a small subset of commonly used terms, like teamwork.
Laura Adkins-Hackett, Economist, LMIC, and Sukriti Trehan, Data Scientist, LMIC, presented their research exploring trends in the skills listed in OJPs to develop a deeper understanding of in-demand skills. This research project uses pointwise mutual information and other methods to extract more information about common skills from the relationships between skills, occupations and regions.
OJP data from firms like Vicinity Jobs have emerged as a complement to traditional sources of labour demand data, such as the Job Vacancy and Wages Survey (JVWS). Ibrahim Abuallail, PhD Candidate, University of Ottawa, presented research relating to bias in OJPs and a proposed approach to effectively adjust OJP data to complement existing official data (such as from the JVWS) and improve the measurement of labour demand.
2. PaulYoung -
Bio • CPA, CGA
• Academia (PF1, FA4 and MS2)
• SME – Risk Management
• SME – Close, Consolidate and Reporting
• SME – Public Policy
• SME – EmergingTechnology
• SME – FinancialSolutions
• SME – Supply Chain Management
• SME – Planning and Forecasting
Contact information:
Paul_Young_CGA@Hotmail.com
3. Agenda
Environmental Impact
Electrical Car Market Size
Electrical Car Raw Materials
Electrical Car Battery Market
Raw Material Outlook
Lithium
Vanadium
Cobalt vs Nickel
Canada Lithium andVanadium
Development
Plug-in Stations
Manufacturers of Electrical Cars
Scandinavia / Norway
CO2 impact of ElectricalVehicle
Blog – ElectricalVehicle Subsidies
ElectricalVehicle Fire
Illinois Registration
California and Canada
USA ElectricalVehicles
Container Ships
• NikolaTrucks
• Lion Electric
• EU and ElectricalVehicles
4. Introduction
It is very important to look at different ways to control air pollution.
Not enough is said about toxicity when it comes to mining, refining, fabricating,
installing and recycling of lithium and vanadium batteries
There are issues with supporting plug-in stations
Tax incentives to electrical cars is an issue, especially as people cry for money for
healthcare, education and welfare.
8. Startup –
Electrical
Vehicle
Over a 100 years ago is when we started to see Car manufacturing
of the combustion engine. It is now 2019 as such the startups in
electrical vehicle market continue to happen each day.The problem
with startups in the electrical car field is they lack economy of scale
https://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/manufacturing/startups-
old-line-automakers-aim-to-take-bite-out-of-tesla-222782/
9. ElectricalCar
Raw Material
Source -
http://www.madehow.com/Volume-
5/Electric-Automobile.html
https://www.todayville.com/buying-an-electric-car-becomes-cheaper-today-as-federal-
rebates-kick-in/
More fail subsidies? BTW: There is a shortage of EV batteries as supplies have been going
to the EU and China. @gmbutts will likely have all the solutions, right?
Battery Shortage - https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-electric-vehicle-
sales-slump-as-supply-challenges-leave-dealerships/
Raw Materials
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/raw-materials-clean-technology-products
12. Cost
Competitivene
ss
Source - https://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/sales-and-marketing/after-years-of-promise-battery-cars-about-to-go-mainstream-228289/
GENEVA—For years, there have been lots of electric cars proudly rolled out at auto shows but few on the
streets or at dealers.That could be about to change.
The electric cars under the lights at the Geneva International Motor Show promise to be the leading edge
of more affordable, longer-range vehicles that start to move battery cars out of their niche—as a product
for environmentalists willing to put up with limited range and wealthy enthusiasts of new technology
willing to pay for buzz and the robust but silent acceleration the cars offer.
Several broad underlying trends are converging to increase the likelihood that larger numbers of battery
cars will be on the roads in the next several years.
Prices are falling for batteries, consumers are turning away from diesel engines afterVolkswagen’s
emissions scandal, and governments in Europe andChina are enforcing tougher emissions rules.
As more electric cars roll off assembly lines, the trick will be getting more people to buy them. A key factor
will be price—of the battery to the manufacturer, and consequently of the car to the customer.
VolvoCar Group’s Polestar 2 and Peugeot’s new electric 208 compact are electric offerings aimed at
bringing battery-powered cars within reach of more people.The Polestar 2 launch version, expected
in 2020, starts at US$55,500 after the $7,500 U.S. tax incentive; the Europe price starts at 59,000
euros.A less expensive model is envisioned after the first year. Polestar says the model is aimed at the
same potential customers as the Model 3 electric compact from California carmakerTesla.
Tesla said last week it will close its stores and move to online sales only so it can cut costs and reach its
goal of selling the Model 3 for $35,000. Before the announcement the lowest price was $42,900.
Electrical subsidies cost
the USA treasury about
1.5B per year.
14. Lithium Mining
Australia
Chile
Argentina
China
Zimbabwe
Portugal
Brazil
United States
Source - http://investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/energy-investing/lithium-investing/top-lithium-producing-countries/
15. Vanadium
Mining
China
South Africa
Russia
Brazil
Source - http://investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/industrial-metals-
investing/vanadium-investing/top-vanadium-producing-countries-china-south-
africa-russia/
16. Cobalt less
lithium-ionized
battery
Researchers from the Cockrell School of Engineering atThe University ofTexas at Austin have a
cobalt-free high-energy lithium-ion battery that reduces the costs of producing batteries while
boosting performance in some ways.They have a new class of cathode that uses 89% nickel.
Cathodes can make up roughly half of the materials costs for the entire battery, with cobalt being
the priciest element. Cobalt is $28,500 per ton and it makes up 10% to 30% of most lithium-ion
battery cathodes.
“Cobalt is the least abundant and most expensive component in battery cathodes,” Manthiram
said. “And we are completely eliminating it.”
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2020/07/new-cobalt-free-lithium-ion-
batteries.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+blogsp
ot%2Fadvancednano+%28nextbigfuture%29
Nickel Reserves - https://investingnews.com/daily/resource-investing/base-metals-
investing/nickel-investing/nickel-reserves-by-country/ (the top 3 are Australia, Brazil and Russia)
Canada and new nickel discoveries - https://www.juniorminingnetwork.com/junior-miner-
news/press-releases/2768-tsx-venture/cnc/77386-canada-nickel-company-announces-discovery-
of-multiple-palladium-platinum-zones-extends-pgm-zone-by-1-5-km-and-second-nickel-
discovery-doubles-total-nickel-mineralization-along-strike-by-1-7-km-to-3-4-km-at-crawford-
nickel-cobalt-palladium-project.html (Timmins,Ontario)
Canada and battery development - https://financialpost.com/commodities/mining/canadian-
lithium-tech-companies-find-traction-amid-rise-of-electric-cars
China has a lot of say into green technology market including both supply and prices -
https://investingnews.com/innspired/new-lithium-sources-emerge-outside-the-lithium-
triangle%C2%A0/
More mining development of Lithium - https://www.greencarreports.com/news/1124285_report-
new-lithium-mines-may-bring-battery-prices-down (Australia could see 23% growth in mining
production of Lithium)
17. LithiumSupply
Source - http://oilprice.com/Energy/Energy-General/Could-A-Lithium-Shortage-De-Rail-The-
Electric-Car-Boom.html
Indeed, says Nevada Energy Metals (SSMLF:US)
executive Malcolm Bell, “It may be time to start
worrying about a shortage, but it’s not a question
of whether we have enough lithium—it’s a
question of tapping into new reserves. Those who
don’t see the supply wall looming, will hit with a
resounding thud. Those who start tapping into
new reserves will be extremely well-positioned for
the future.”
From where everyone is standing right now, it
may seem that the world’s got a fair amount of
lithium. According to global estimates by the U.S.
Geological Survey, there is enough lithium in the
world – 13.5 million metric tons of it – to last us
over 350 years in batteries.
18. Canada
Lithium
Vanadium
So far, so rosy. But plans to mine elements such as lithium have
been around for decades in the NorthwestTerritories, without
much progress. Nor are lithium mines suddenly guaranteed
winners with the advent of electric cars. In late 2014, despite being
labelled the "only significant lithium producer in North America," a
new lithium mine in Quebec abruptly closed after hitting a range
of problems. Among those issues was a delay processing the
lithium — and this is where Daniela Desormeaux, a Chile-based
lithium expert, voices concern for N.W.T. startups. Source -
http://www.kitco.com/commentaries/2015-10-12/Critical-
Elements-Corp-Putting-Canada-on-the-map-of-Lithium-
Producers.html or http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/tesla-
batteries-lithium-cobalt-nwt-mining-1.3536796
Canada hosts vanadium deposits in locations such as Manitoba,
Ontario and Quebec.Total reserves are unknown at this time, but
plenty of companies are working in the country to develop
projects. Source - http://investingnews.com/daily/resource-
investing/industrial-metals-investing/vanadium-
investing/vanadium-mining-in-canada/
21. China
China is becoming the largest car market (Bigger than in USA)
China has emphasized mass transit (Buses andTrains)
China is becoming more and more urbanized.
Source - https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2018/11/oil-demand-is-dying-faster-than-expected-from-electric-cars-and-
buses.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+blogspot%2Fadvancednano+%28nextbigfuture%29
By the end of 2018, electric cars and buses will displace 279,000 barrels a day. At
the end of 2018, there are about 5 million electric cars.
Germany had a drop in diesel demand of 9% so far in 2018.
China is calling for the production of 2 million electric vehicles (EVs) a year by 2020, and
7 million a year by 2025. By 2025, electric vehicles would be 20% of total new car
production for China.
• Almost 50% of the refined product
is gasoline
• OPEC is looking at cutting back
production due to lower demand
• More and more cities are going to
electrical and/or hybrid
transportation equipment
22. China
Bolivia and China – Lithium - https://www.reuters.com/article/us-
bolivia-lithium-china/bolivia-picks-chinese-partner-for-2-3-billion-
lithium-projects-idUSKCN1PV2F7
Argentina and China Lithium - https://www.mining-
technology.com/news/ganfeng-stake-argentina-lithium-project/
China dominates in areas of renewals -
https://stockhouse.com/opinion/independent-
reports/2020/05/11/china-dominates-worlds-supply-chains
China and Chile - https://blog.investchile.gob.cl/chiles-trade-with-
china-grows
China / Global Power -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/china-path-to-global-
domination
23. Raw Material
Limitation
Source - https://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/features/there-arent-
enough-batteries-to-electrify-all-cars-focus-on-trucks-and-buses-instead/
24. Ford Motor
Company
http://gm-volt.com/forum/showthread.php?287289-Theoretical-Breakthrough-in-Carbon-Fiber-Production!/page3 or http://www.thedrive.com/sheetmetal/10393/ford-says-brands-first-all-
electric-vehicle-will-be-affordable-have-better-range-than-tesla-model-3
Ford is planning to make this their first affordable, mass-produced
electric car, which would essentially be Ford’s response toTesla working
towards the Model 3, just a different form factor. Ford claims that its
technology has the perceived capability of reaching a range of 300
miles on a single charge, which rivals the Model S and outperforms the
Chevy Bolt by nearly 65 miles. As for hybrids, it is expected to eclipse
the Ford Focus Electric battery-only range threefold, and do nearly the
same with the Nissan Leaf.
Under the proposed settlement, Unifor national president Jerry Dias said $1.95 billion will
be invested in Ford’s Canadian plants, including $1.8 billion toward the production of five
electric vehicles in Oakville, Ont., and an engine contract that could yield new jobs in
Windsor, Ont.
Source - https://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/manufacturing/ford-canada-unifor-
reach-tentative-deal-that-includes-2b-in-ev-contracts-261000/
28. Buses
Source - https://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/procurement/ontario-
begins-first-of-its-kind-40m-electric-bus-tests-211692/
The trials are part of a national coordinated effort to
advance zero emissions transit technology.
The project combines manufacturers, transit agencies,
utilities, funding partners, research teams and technology
developers to ensure a world-leading demonstration trial
with TransLink in Vancouver, B.C., and now with
Brampton Transit and the Regional Municipality of York,
with Brampton Transit the first to initiate and champion the
national trial planning process back in 2016.
29. Canada
Startup
Source - http://www.canadianmanufacturing.com/manufacturing/canadian-electric-car-maker-
inks-manufacturing-deal-chinese-firm-202378/
VANCOUVER—Vancouver’s Electra Meccanica Vehicles Corp. announced
Oct. 2 it has signed a manufacturing agreement with Zongshen Industrial
Group Co., Ltd.—a motorcycle manufacturer based in Chongqing, China—to
produce 75,000 of its SOLO electric vehicles over the next three years.
This uniquely shaped single-seater car is powered by a 16.1 kilowatt hour
lithium-ion battery, has a range of 160 km and a top speed of 130 km/h.
The manufacturing agreement with Zongshen calls for the production of 5,000
SOLOs in 2018; 20,000 in 2019; and 50,000 in 2020.
The company started taking orders for the SOLO in 2016, and Electra
Meccanica says it has so far amassed orders for over 20,000 units.
“We are thrilled that Zongshen has joined us in leading the clean energy
charge and partnered with us in the production of our innovative, new SOLO,”
said Jerry Kroll, CEO, Electra Meccanica. “We have thousands of orders on
the books and we now have the manufacturing capacity to begin filling these
orders for our customers.”
The SOLO’s anticipated manufacturer’s suggested retail price (MSRP) comes
in at a modest $19,888, and the company is currently taking refundable $250
reservations on its website. New deliveries are currently scheduled to be
fulfilled in Q4 2018.
30. End of
Rebates
• About 1.8% of all USA
vehicle sales are electric
• About 2% of all Cdn
vehicle sales are electric
31. BCGovt/ Rebates
AG for Ontario said these tax
incentives did nothing for
electrical vehicles. So, why is BC
going the same approach?
@jjhorgan
@Swiftie01
https://www.canadianmanufactu
ring.com/financing/b-c-budget-
includes-child-fund-climate-
plan-indigenous-revenue-
sharing-227260/
34. Issues with
Plug-in
Stations
Source - https://www.fleetcarma.com/obstacles-seamless-ev-charging-2017/
Since North American cities continue growing rapidly, any
plan to boost electric car adoption must include accessible
charging stations for the public. By “accessible,” we mean
free to access (without parking lot fees) and easy to find
(as you would a gas station). To overcome this challenge,
major cities have started cooperating with charging station
providers and other stakeholders.
• Who is going to fund these stations
• Who is going to pay for these stations
• How long does it take for the battery to recharge
• How will both battery and charging stations handle temperature changes
• What impact will plug-in stations have the grid
Effectiveness/Ontario
55% of the plug-in stations were in DTToronto and the
GTA and not along major highway systems -
https://torontosun.com/news/provincial/ont-electric-
car-charging-program-was-screw-up-ev-drivers
35. Membrane
less flow
battery could
allow electric
car refueling
by replacing
electrolyze
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2017/06/membraneless-flow-battery-could-
allow-electric-car-refueling-by-replacing-
electrolyzer.html?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campai
gn=Feed%3A+blogspot%2Fadvancednano+%28nextbigfuture%29
A technology developed by Purdue researchers could provide
an “instantly rechargeable” method that is safe, affordable
and environmentally friendly for recharging electric and hybrid
vehicle batteries through a quick and easy process similar to
refueling a car at a gas station.
The innovation could expedite the adoption of electric and
hybrid vehicles by eliminating the time needed to stop and re-
charge a conventional electric car’s battery and dramatically
reducing the need for new infrastructure to support re-
charging stations.
39. Comments
Carbon footprint with electrical cars has been reduced
Subsidizing electrical purchases is not sound policy
Cost
Reliability of batteries when there is change in temperatures
Plug in stations
Require power source
Required wiring to connect to a battery
Access to plug-in stations
Batteries require Lithium and/orVanadium
Metals have to be extracted, refined and fabricated
Aluminum lightweight
Aluminum has to be extracted, refined and fabricated
41. Blog –
Electrical
Subsidies
https://www.680news.com/2019/05/01/federal-rebates-electric-
car/?hootPostID=85c76447084c8ed5294ab5e3dac49eaf
Why are we wasting precious tax dollars on electrical vehicle cars sales when
they are less than 2% of the total car sales
Same people that bitch about funding cuts to healthcare, education and other
social programs say little about subsidies to clean technology, right? BTW:
Clean technology companies lose nearly $4B / year -
https://www.bnnbloomberg.ca/awash-in-red-ink-canadian-clean-tech-
struggling-despite-ottawa-s-green-goals-1.729679.The old economy
companies at least turn a profit which means they pay corporate taxes.You do
not pay corporate tax when you have no taxable income, but losses -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-corporate-and-business-
taxation-flows-to-government
There has been issues with plug-in stations, right?
Canada generates nearly 80% of its power from clean sources.This means
20% of the power comes from CO2. So, how are electrical cars really helping
the environment - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/power-
generation-canada-april-2019 (FYI only 6% of power generation comes from
wind, solar, etc.)
Electrical cars include raw materials from countries using child labor and/or
the raw materials are extremely toxic!
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/electrical-vehicles-all-you-need-to-
know-april-2019
42. Registration
“A proposed hike in Illinois’ annual registration fee for electric
vehicles, from $17.50 to $1,000, is being called unfair by current EV
owners, and a sales disincentive by manufacturers — just as the new
technology is beginning to gain broader traction.”
Electrical cars do not pay gas taxes. Gas taxes go to funding roads.
Source - https://www.chicagotribune.com/business/ct-biz-electric-
vehicle-fee-illinois-20190509-
story.html?fbclid=IwAR3AiApriNLHdRP8PDHX8ZcwGds9b7z4Ejb-
pZ1uIrvjKuOBiHN36ZEBqnQ
43. Fires and
Electrical fires
Firefighters in Montreal believe that a Hyundai Kona EV, the all-
electric version of the Kona, exploded and caused a garage fire in Île-
Bizard on Friday. Piero Cosentino bought a Hyundai Kona EV in
March. He told CBC that the electric car was in his garage unplugged
on Friday afternoon when he saw dark clouds of smoke coming from
the garage.The Kona EV reportedly exploded – blowing the garage
door off in the process. Firefighters were on the scene quickly and
controlled the fire. No one was injured.
Source - https://electrek.co/2019/07/27/hyundai-kona-ev-explodes-
garage-blowing-door-off/
No one ever discuses the equipment and/or skills needed to deal with
electrical car fires, why? https://jalopnik.com/fighting-an-electric-
vehicle-fire-is-still-a-new-and-da-1833540519
44. Ontario and
California –
Electrical
Vehicles
Source - https://business.financialpost.com/transportation/why-the-canada-
california-agreement-to-produce-clean-cars-might-get-
messy?fbclid=IwAR21K3blUxPcR_UCvmTlATXHdYmhK1SSZKgIpZ6tenwg3t7CMrKqk
hnknPE
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/2019-election-manufacturing-canada-
april-2019
1. Canada has become less competitive due to excessive regulations and taxes
2. Hydro rates are a big issue
3. Zero emissions have a carbon footprint
20% of the power generation in Canada is from non-clean sources -
https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/2019-election-power-geneation-
canada-march-2019
45. USA Electrical
Vehicle Market
Source - https://insideevs.com/news/403362/2019-plugin-car-sales-us/ or https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/20/business/electric-cars-batteries-tesla-elon-musk.html or
https://www.statista.com/statistics/267162/world-plug-in-hybrid-vehicle-sales-by-region/
47. Container
Ships /Clean
Fuel
We need to focus on getting natural resources to market in the
most environmental and economically way.
Cargo ships – CO2 - https://phys.org/news/2018-12-cargo-ships-
emitting-boatloads-carbon.html
Pipelines and emissions - https://www.canadaaction.ca/greenhouse-
gas-emissions-pipelines-canada
Rail and oil - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/canada-rail-
transportation-shipments-and-safety
Environment - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/global-
emissions-and-the-environment
• Fuel cell ships - https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-06-
30/samsung-heavy-bloom-energy-partner-to-develop-zero-emissions-
cargo-vessels
• Cargo ships go green - https://www.mhlnews.com/transportation-
distribution/article/22055397/cargo-ships-can-go-green-with-new-
technologies
• It will take time to either upgrade ships or replace ships with cleaner
fuels - https://www.statista.com/statistics/1102442/age-of-world-
merchant-fleet-by-vessel-type/ (Average life is 9.72 years)
48. Class 8Truck
Sales
Source –TheTrucker
• Transportation fleets are slowly moving over to clean fuel trucks -
https://www.fleetowner.com/running-green/article/21704333/anheuserbusch-
byd-join-for-largest-class-8-electric-truck-deployment
• Building electrify roads that support electrical vehicles -
https://auto.economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/auto-technology/sweden-
is-building-an-electric-road-that-will-charge-car-as-you-drive/69285414
• New licensing model to support the replacement of gas taxes. Gas taxes are
used to fund infrastructure -
https://www.thestar.com/business/opinion/2020/02/24/gas-taxes-are-on-the-
way-out-pay-as-you-go-user-fees-may-be-just-around-the-corner.html
• Class 8 truck orders for July 2020 hit a 9-year low -
https://www.bulktransporter.com/fleet-management/article/21658142/act-
ftr-class-8-truck-orders-reach-9year-low-in-july
• LionTrucks - https://electrek.co/2020/09/16/amazon-buys-electric-trucks-lion-
electric/
49. Audits
There are only about 26,000 plug-in stations in the USA -
https://www.michigansthumb.com/news/article/Plug-it-in-
Electric-car-charging-station-numbers-15449891.php -There
would need to be many more locations to support more electrical
vehicles
NY plans more investment in plug-in stations -
https://www.nyserda.ny.gov/About/Newsroom/2020-
Announcements/2020-07-16-Governor-Cuomo-Announces-
Nation-Leading-Initiatives-to-Expand-Electric-Vehicle-Use. NY
has fiscal management issues -
https://www.democratandchronicle.com/story/news/politics/alban
y/2019/11/25/new-york-faces-its-largest-budget-crisis-decade-
why/4274198002/
All clean energy programs should have performance/operational
audits on annual basis -
https://www.whistler.ca/media/news/rmow-partnering-bc-
government-rebates-electric-vehicle-charging-stations
53. OtherSources
If you like to learn more
about trade and/or other
subjects as part of your
professional learning and
development then feel
free to review my material
on
https://www.udemy.com/
(search PaulYoung CPA
CGA
54. Summary
Low adoption of electrical cars
Lack of infrastructure (plug-in stations
1. 40% to 80% of the power generation is clean related. More electrical cars the more they have imprint on the environment
Concerns with handling the toxicity of metals and the recycling of batteries
Reliability
Better balanced between the environment and the economy - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/global-economy-current-state-and-whats-next
Access to raw material including battery supply - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/raw-materials-clean-technology-products
Battery life (mileage)
Green at all costs is very risky to the global economy - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/what-is-next-for-the-global-economy-october-2020
Not enough is said how both the private and public sector have been moving to zero-waster footprint - https://www.slideshare.net/paulyoungcga/how-to-
best-support-a-circular-economy
Government thinks subsidies will support the transition to electrical.The same policy did not work in Ontario
People complain about cuts to social programs, but see no issue with subsidies to electrical car sales.
Ontario government policies
Electrical car sales are still only 2% despite Liberal government incentives
A performance audit needs to be done on charging stations
Liberals continue to mismanage moneys!
Source
https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2018/01/global-electric-car-sales-will-top-2-million-in-2018-and-china-will-top-1-5-million.html or
https://canada.autonews.com/article/20180703/CANADA01/180709889/ontario-pcs-officially-kill-cap-and-trade-program-and-ev-incentives
http://torontosun.com/news/provincial/ont-electric-car-charging-program-was-screw-up-ev-drivers#comments
Editor's Notes
1, https://insideevs.com/monthly-plug-in-sales-scorecard/ or https://insideevs.com/news/category/sales/ or https://seekingalpha.com/article/4356502-ev-company-news-for-month-of-june-2020
https://insideevs.com/news/437005/europe-toyota-sold-its-3-millionth-hybrid/
Source - https://canada.autonews.com/retail/nissan-leaf-sales-collapse-ontario-after-incentive-axed