International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
A mobile jammer is a device which is used to jam signals of a cell phone from receiving signals from base stations. Mobile jammer is used majorly where the disturbances that are occurred with the cell phones. So, in this paper we are designing a new Mobile Jammer unit which is capable of blocking the working of a cell phone from not receiving signal from Base Station. This was implemented using FPGA by interfacing Mobile Device, RF Transmitter and RF Receiver and LCD Unit. Keywords'”Jammers, Mobile Jammer, FPGA, RF Transmitter, RF Receiver, LCD Pranjali V Gurnule"Wireless Jamming Networks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14455.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/14455/wireless-jamming-networks/pranjali-v-gurnule
A GSM Jammer or cell phone jammer is a device that transmit signal on the same frequency at which the GSM system operates, the jamming success when the mobile phones in the area where the jammer is located are disabled.
Communication jamming devices were first developed and used by military. Where tactical commanders use RF communications to exercise control of their forces, an enemy has interest in those communications. This interest comes from the fundamental area of denying the successful transport of the information from the sender to the receiver.
Nowadays the mobile jammer devices or cell phone jammer software are becoming civilian products rather than electronic warfare devices, since with the increasing number of the mobile phone users the need to disable mobile phones in specific places where the ringing of cell phone would be disruptive has increased. These places include worship places, university lecture rooms, libraries, concert halls, meeting rooms, and other places where silence is appreciated
Cell phones are everywhere these days. According to the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association, approx. 1000 million people in India had cell-phone service.
Due to wide use of mobile phones it creates some problems as the sound of ringing becomes annoying or disrupting.
A cell phone jammer is a device that blocks transmission or reception of signals, usually by creating some form of interference at the same frequency ranges that cell phones use.
As a result, a cell phone user will either lose the signal or experience a significant loss of signal quality.
A mobile jammer is a device which is used to jam signals of a cell phone from receiving signals from base stations. Mobile jammer is used majorly where the disturbances that are occurred with the cell phones. So, in this paper we are designing a new Mobile Jammer unit which is capable of blocking the working of a cell phone from not receiving signal from Base Station. This was implemented using FPGA by interfacing Mobile Device, RF Transmitter and RF Receiver and LCD Unit. Keywords'”Jammers, Mobile Jammer, FPGA, RF Transmitter, RF Receiver, LCD Pranjali V Gurnule"Wireless Jamming Networks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14455.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/14455/wireless-jamming-networks/pranjali-v-gurnule
A GSM Jammer or cell phone jammer is a device that transmit signal on the same frequency at which the GSM system operates, the jamming success when the mobile phones in the area where the jammer is located are disabled.
Communication jamming devices were first developed and used by military. Where tactical commanders use RF communications to exercise control of their forces, an enemy has interest in those communications. This interest comes from the fundamental area of denying the successful transport of the information from the sender to the receiver.
Nowadays the mobile jammer devices or cell phone jammer software are becoming civilian products rather than electronic warfare devices, since with the increasing number of the mobile phone users the need to disable mobile phones in specific places where the ringing of cell phone would be disruptive has increased. These places include worship places, university lecture rooms, libraries, concert halls, meeting rooms, and other places where silence is appreciated
Cell phones are everywhere these days. According to the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association, approx. 1000 million people in India had cell-phone service.
Due to wide use of mobile phones it creates some problems as the sound of ringing becomes annoying or disrupting.
A cell phone jammer is a device that blocks transmission or reception of signals, usually by creating some form of interference at the same frequency ranges that cell phones use.
As a result, a cell phone user will either lose the signal or experience a significant loss of signal quality.
A mobile phone jammer is an instrument used to prevent cellular phones from receiving signals from base stations. When used, the jammer effectively disables cellular phones. These devices can be used in practically any location, but are found primarily in places where a phone call would be particularly disruptive because silence is expected.
A Novel Approach for User Search Results Using Feedback SessionsIJMER
In present scenario user search results using Fuzzy c-means algorithm focuses queries are
submitted to search engines to represent the information needs of users. The proposed feedbacks
sessions are clustered by data are bound to each cluster by means of a membership function. Feedback
sessions are constructed from user click-through logs and can efficiently reflect the information
needs of users. Pseudo-documents are generated to better understand the clustered feedbacks. Fuzzy
C-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster the feedbacks. Clustering the feedbacks can effectively
reflect the user needs. Fuzzy c-means algorithm uses the reciprocal of distances to decide the cluster
centers. Ranking model is used to provide ranks to the URL based on the user search
feedbacks. Evaluate the performance using “Classified Average Precision (CAP)” for user search
results.
Optimization of Surface Impedance for Reducing Surface Waves between AntennasIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
A mobile phone jammer is an instrument used to prevent cellular phones from receiving signals from base stations. When used, the jammer effectively disables cellular phones. These devices can be used in practically any location, but are found primarily in places where a phone call would be particularly disruptive because silence is expected.
A Novel Approach for User Search Results Using Feedback SessionsIJMER
In present scenario user search results using Fuzzy c-means algorithm focuses queries are
submitted to search engines to represent the information needs of users. The proposed feedbacks
sessions are clustered by data are bound to each cluster by means of a membership function. Feedback
sessions are constructed from user click-through logs and can efficiently reflect the information
needs of users. Pseudo-documents are generated to better understand the clustered feedbacks. Fuzzy
C-means clustering algorithm is used to cluster the feedbacks. Clustering the feedbacks can effectively
reflect the user needs. Fuzzy c-means algorithm uses the reciprocal of distances to decide the cluster
centers. Ranking model is used to provide ranks to the URL based on the user search
feedbacks. Evaluate the performance using “Classified Average Precision (CAP)” for user search
results.
Optimization of Surface Impedance for Reducing Surface Waves between AntennasIJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
Virtualization Technology using Virtual Machines for Cloud ComputingIJMER
Cloud computing is the delivery of computing and storage capacity as a service to a community of end users. The name “cloud computing” comes from the use of a cloud-shaped symbol as an abstraction for the complex infrastructure it contains in system diagrams. Cloud computing entrusts services with a user's software, data and computation over a network. End users access cloud-based applications through a web browser or mobile application or a light-weight desktop while the business software and user's data are stored on servers at a remote location. Proponents claim that cloud computing environment allows enterprises to get their applications up and running faster, with improved manageability and less maintenance, and enables IT industry to more rapidly adjust resources to meet fluctuating and unpredictable business demand. In this paper, we present a system that uses virtualization technology to allocate the data center resources dynamically based on the application demands and support green computing by optimizing the number of servers in use. This method multiplexes virtual to physical resources adaptively based on the changing demand. We use the concept of skewness metric to combine virtual machines with different resource characteristics appropriately so that the capacities of servers are well utilized.
A Novel Data mining Technique to Discover Patterns from Huge Text CorpusIJMER
Today, we have far more information than we can handle: from business transactions and scientific
data, to satellite pictures, text reports and military intelligence. Information retrieval is simply not enough
anymore for decision-making. Confronted with huge collections of data, we have now created new needs to
help us make better managerial choices. These needs are automatic summarization of data, extraction of the
"essence" of information stored, and the discovery of patterns in raw data. With this, Data mining with
inventory pattern came into existence and got popularized. Data mining finds these patterns and relationships
using data analysis tools and techniques to build models.
Receiver Module of Smart power monitoring and metering distribution system u...IJMER
In the current situation all the communication is very much important and faster range but
the usage of the power should be less in order to reduce the power and the usage of the sources we are
going for this data transmission through the power lines which is common and much feasible since
power line is used at all homes. In this paper we have concentrated much in the receiver module where
the receiver receives the data through the power lines through which we can know the readings of
amount of usage of power at each homes and also the power theft if it occurs anywhere.by this way we
no need to generate any particular infrastructure for transmitting an d receiving instead we can use the
power line itself.This is the work done in NLC,TAMILNADU india which is very less explained in this
paper.
From system performance to application metrics, we continue to further our understanding of what to monitor, why, and how to present it appropriately to the various audiences who need to act on this information. Yet there are things across our environment that we agree we can’t measure because they are unquantifiable. That doesn’t mean that there is zero signal to be analyzed and monitored.
We can look at open source software that is in wide use, yet becomes stale and unusable after years due to the atrophy of maintainers keeping it up to date with security and integrations with other software, or implementation of new features that keep it useful. How do you measure the health of your current implemented software solutions so that you know when to start planning change, or committing intentional time to a project?
In this talk, I’ll tackle these questions in addition to sharing other observations about monitoring within our environments with the goal of inspiring others to examine available signals, their impact, and the value of monitoring.
A mobile jammeris a device which is used to jam signals of cell phone from receiving signals from base stations. Mobile jammer is used majorly where the disturbances that are occurred with the cell phones. So, in this paper we are designing a new Mobile Jammer unit which is capable of blocking the cell phone working not the signal receiving from Base Station, which make effective use of the situation where jammers actually used. This was implemented using FPGA by interfacing Mobile Device, RF Transmitter and RF Receiver and LCD Unit. G. Sugumar | Mrs. T. Sathiyabama "FPGA Based Wireless Jamming Networks" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29343.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/computer-engineering/29343/fpga-based-wireless-jamming-networks/g-sugumar
A wireless camera jammer is a device that emits signals that prevent a wireless camera from communicating with an internet router or Wi-Fi access point.
A Cell phone jammer is a device used to prevent cellular phones from receiving signals from base stations.
It is a device that transmit signal on the same frequency at which the GSM system operates, the jamming is success when the mobile phones are disabled in the area where the jammer is located.
A Study on Translucent Concrete Product and Its Properties by Using Optical F...IJMER
- Translucent concrete is a concrete based material with light-transferring properties,
obtained due to embedded light optical elements like Optical fibers used in concrete. Light is conducted
through the concrete from one end to the other. This results into a certain light pattern on the other
surface, depending on the fiber structure. Optical fibers transmit light so effectively that there is
virtually no loss of light conducted through the fibers. This paper deals with the modeling of such
translucent or transparent concrete blocks and panel and their usage and also the advantages it brings
in the field. The main purpose is to use sunlight as a light source to reduce the power consumption of
illumination and to use the optical fiber to sense the stress of structures and also use this concrete as an
architectural purpose of the building
Developing Cost Effective Automation for Cotton Seed DelintingIJMER
A low cost automation system for removal of lint from cottonseed is to be designed and
developed. The setup consists of stainless steel drum with stirrer in which cottonseeds having lint is mixed
with concentrated sulphuric acid. So lint will get burn. This lint free cottonseed treated with lime water to
neutralize acidic nature. After water washing this cottonseeds are used for agriculter purpose
Study & Testing Of Bio-Composite Material Based On Munja FibreIJMER
The incorporation of natural fibres such as munja fiber composites has gained
increasing applications both in many areas of Engineering and Technology. The aim of this study is to
evaluate mechanical properties such as flexural and tensile properties of reinforced epoxy composites.
This is mainly due to their applicable benefits as they are light weight and offer low cost compared to
synthetic fibre composites. Munja fibres recently have been a substitute material in many weight-critical
applications in areas such as aerospace, automotive and other high demanding industrial sectors. In
this study, natural munja fibre composites and munja/fibreglass hybrid composites were fabricated by a
combination of hand lay-up and cold-press methods. A new variety in munja fibre is the present work
the main aim of the work is to extract the neat fibre and is characterized for its flexural characteristics.
The composites are fabricated by reinforcing untreated and treated fibre and are tested for their
mechanical, properties strictly as per ASTM procedures.
Hybrid Engine (Stirling Engine + IC Engine + Electric Motor)IJMER
Hybrid engine is a combination of Stirling engine, IC engine and Electric motor. All these 3 are
connected together to a single shaft. The power source of the Stirling engine will be a Solar Panel. The aim of
this is to run the automobile using a Hybrid engine
Fabrication & Characterization of Bio Composite Materials Based On Sunnhemp F...IJMER
The present day technology demands eco-friendly developments. In this era the
composite material are playing a vital roal in different field of Engineering .The composite materials
are using as a principle materials. Nowaday the composite materials are utilizing as a important
component of engineering field .Where as the importance of the applications of composites is well
known, but thrust on the use of natural fibres in it for reinforcement has been given priority for some
times. But changing from synthetic fibres to natural fibres provides only half green-composites. A
partial green composite will be achieved if the matrix component is also eco-friendly. Keeping this in
view, a detailed literature surveyed has been carried out through various issues of the Journals
related to this field. The material systems used are sunnhemp fibres. Some epoxy and hardener has
been also added for stability and drying of the bio-composites. Various graphs and bar-charts are
super-imposed on each other for comparison among themselves and Graphs is plotted on MAT LAB
and ORIGIN 6.0 software. To determining tensile strengths, Various properties for different biocomposites
have been compared among themselves. Comparison of the behaviour of bio-composites of
this work has been also compare with other works. The bio-composites developed in this work are
likely to get applications in fall ceilings, partitions, bio-degradable packagings, automotive interiors,
sports things (e.g. rackets, nets, etc.), toys etc.
Geochemistry and Genesis of Kammatturu Iron Ores of Devagiri Formation, Sandu...IJMER
The Greenstone belts of Karnataka are enriched in BIFs in Dharwar craton, where Iron
formations are confined to the basin shelf, clearly separated from the deeper-water iron formation that
accumulated at the basin margin and flanking the marine basin. Geochemical data procured in terms of
major, trace and REE are plotted in various diagrams to interpret the genesis of BIFs. Al2O3, Fe2O3 (T),
TiO2, CaO, and SiO2 abundances and ratios show a wide variation. Ni, Co, Zr, Sc, V, Rb, Sr, U, Th,
ΣREE, La, Ce and Eu anomalies and their binary relationships indicate that wherever the terrigenous
component has increased, the concentration of elements of felsic such as Zr and Hf has gone up. Elevated
concentrations of Ni, Co and Sc are contributed by chlorite and other components characteristic of basic
volcanic debris. The data suggest that these formations were generated by chemical and clastic
sedimentary processes on a shallow shelf. During transgression, chemical precipitation took place at the
sediment-water interface, whereas at the time of regression. Iron ore formed with sedimentary structures
and textures in Kammatturu area, in a setting where the water column was oxygenated.
Experimental Investigation on Characteristic Study of the Carbon Steel C45 in...IJMER
In this paper, the mechanical characteristics of C45 medium carbon steel are investigated
under various working conditions. The main characteristic to be studied on this paper is impact toughness
of the material with different configurations and the experiment were carried out on charpy impact testing
equipment. This study reveals the ability of the material to absorb energy up to failure for various
specimen configurations under different heat treated conditions and the corresponding results were
compared with the analysis outcome
Non linear analysis of Robot Gun Support Structure using Equivalent Dynamic A...IJMER
Robot guns are being increasingly employed in automotive manufacturing to replace
risky jobs and also to increase productivity. Using a single robot for a single operation proves to be
expensive. Hence for cost optimization, multiple guns are mounted on a single robot and multiple
operations are performed. Robot Gun structure is an efficient way in which multiple welds can be done
simultaneously. However mounting several weld guns on a single structure induces a variety of
dynamic loads, especially during movement of the robot arm as it maneuvers to reach the weld
locations. The primary idea employed in this paper, is to model those dynamic loads as equivalent G
force loads in FEA. This approach will be on the conservative side, and will be saving time and
subsequently cost efficient. The approach of the paper is towards creating a standard operating
procedure when it comes to analysis of such structures, with emphasis on deploying various technical
aspects of FEA such as Non Linear Geometry, Multipoint Constraint Contact Algorithm, Multizone
meshing .
Static Analysis of Go-Kart Chassis by Analytical and Solid Works SimulationIJMER
This paper aims to do modelling, simulation and performing the static analysis of a go
kart chassis consisting of Circular beams. Modelling, simulations and analysis are performed using 3-D
modelling software i.e. Solid Works and ANSYS according to the rulebook provided by Indian Society of
New Era Engineers (ISNEE) for National Go Kart Championship (NGKC-14).The maximum deflection is
determined by performing static analysis. Computed results are then compared to analytical calculation,
where it is found that the location of maximum deflection agrees well with theoretical approximation but
varies on magnitude aspect.
In récent year various vehicle introduced in market but due to limitation in
carbon émission and BS Séries limitd speed availability vehicle in the market and causing of
environnent pollution over few year There is need to decrease dependancy on fuel vehicle.
bicycle is to be modified for optional in the future To implement new technique using change in
pedal assembly and variable speed gearbox such as planetary gear optimise speed of vehicle
with variable speed ratio.To increase the efficiency of bicycle for confortable drive and to
reduce torque appli éd on bicycle. we introduced epicyclic gear box in which transmission done
throgh Chain Drive (i.e. Sprocket )to rear wheel with help of Epicyclical gear Box to give
number of différent Speed during driving.To reduce torque requirent in the cycle with change in
the pedal mechanism
Integration of Struts & Spring & Hibernate for Enterprise ApplicationsIJMER
The proposal of this paper is to present Spring Framework which is widely used in
developing enterprise applications. Considering the current state where applications are developed using
the EJB model, Spring Framework assert that ordinary java beans(POJO) can be utilize with minimal
modifications. This modular framework can be used to develop the application faster and can reduce
complexity. This paper will highlight the design overview of Spring Framework along with its features that
have made the framework useful. The integration of multiple frameworks for an E-commerce system has
also been addressed in this paper. This paper also proposes structure for a website based on integration of
Spring, Hibernate and Struts Framework.
Microcontroller Based Automatic Sprinkler Irrigation SystemIJMER
Microcontroller based Automatic Sprinkler System is a new concept of using
intelligence power of embedded technology in the sprinkler irrigation work. Designed system replaces
the conventional manual work involved in sprinkler irrigation to automatic process. Using this system a
farmer is protected against adverse inhuman weather conditions, tedious work of changing over of
sprinkler water pipe lines & risk of accident due to high pressure in the water pipe line. Overall
sprinkler irrigation work is transformed in to a comfortableautomatic work. This system provides
flexibility & accuracy in respect of time set for the operation of a sprinkler water pipe lines. In present
work the author has designed and developed an automatic sprinkler irrigation system which is
controlled and monitored by a microcontroller interfaced with solenoid valves.
On some locally closed sets and spaces in Ideal Topological SpacesIJMER
In this paper we introduce and characterize some new generalized locally closed sets
known as
δ
ˆ
s-locally closed sets and spaces are known as
δ
ˆ
s-normal space and
δ
ˆ
s-connected space and
discussed some of their properties
Intrusion Detection and Forensics based on decision tree and Association rule...IJMER
This paper present an approach based on the combination of, two techniques using
decision tree and Association rule mining for Probe attack detection. This approach proves to be
better than the traditional approach of generating rules for fuzzy expert system by clustering methods.
Association rule mining for selecting the best attributes together and decision tree for identifying the
best parameters together to create the rules for fuzzy expert system. After that rules for fuzzy expert
system are generated using association rule mining and decision trees. Decision trees is generated for
dataset and to find the basic parameters for creating the membership functions of fuzzy inference
system. Membership functions are generated for the probe attack. Based on these rules we have
created the fuzzy inference system that is used as an input to neuro-fuzzy system. Fuzzy inference
system is loaded to neuro-fuzzy toolbox as an input and the final ANFIS structure is generated for
outcome of neuro-fuzzy approach. The experiments and evaluations of the proposed method were
done with NSL-KDD intrusion detection dataset. As the experimental results, the proposed approach
based on the combination of, two techniques using decision tree and Association rule mining
efficiently detected probe attacks. Experimental results shows better results for detecting intrusions as
compared to others existing methods
Natural Language Ambiguity and its Effect on Machine LearningIJMER
"Natural language processing" here refers to the use and ability of systems to process
sentences in a natural language such as English, rather than in a specialized artificial computer
language such as C++. The systems of real interest here are digital computers of the type we think of as
personal computers and mainframes. Of course humans can process natural languages, but for us the
question is whether digital computers can or ever will process natural languages. We have tried to
explore in depth and break down the types of ambiguities persistent throughout the natural languages
and provide an answer to the question “How it affects the machine translation process and thereby
machine learning as whole?” .
Today in era of software industry there is no perfect software framework available for
analysis and software development. Currently there are enormous number of software development
process exists which can be implemented to stabilize the process of developing a software system. But no
perfect system is recognized till yet which can help software developers for opting of best software
development process. This paper present the framework of skillful system combined with Likert scale. With
the help of Likert scale we define a rule based model and delegate some mass score to every process and
develop one tool name as MuxSet which will help the software developers to select an appropriate
development process that may enhance the probability of system success.
Material Parameter and Effect of Thermal Load on Functionally Graded CylindersIJMER
The present study investigates the creep in a thick-walled composite cylinders made
up of aluminum/aluminum alloy matrix and reinforced with silicon carbide particles. The distribution
of SiCp is assumed to be either uniform or decreasing linearly from the inner to the outer radius of
the cylinder. The creep behavior of the cylinder has been described by threshold stress based creep
law with a stress exponent of 5. The composite cylinders are subjected to internal pressure which is
applied gradually and steady state condition of stress is assumed. The creep parameters required to
be used in creep law, are extracted by conducting regression analysis on the available experimental
results. The mathematical models have been developed to describe steady state creep in the composite
cylinder by using von-Mises criterion. Regression analysis is used to obtain the creep parameters
required in the study. The basic equilibrium equation of the cylinder and other constitutive equations
have been solved to obtain creep stresses in the cylinder. The effect of varying particle size, particle
content and temperature on the stresses in the composite cylinder has been analyzed. The study
revealed that the stress distributions in the cylinder do not vary significantly for various combinations
of particle size, particle content and operating temperature except for slight variation observed for
varying particle content. Functionally Graded Materials (FGMs) emerged and led to the development
of superior heat resistant materials.
Energy Audit is the systematic process for finding out the energy conservation
opportunities in industrial processes. The project carried out studies on various energy conservation
measures application in areas like lighting, motors, compressors, transformer, ventilation system etc.
In this investigation, studied the technical aspects of the various measures along with its cost benefit
analysis.
Investigation found that major areas of energy conservation are-
1. Energy efficient lighting schemes.
2. Use of electronic ballast instead of copper ballast.
3. Use of wind ventilators for ventilation.
4. Use of VFD for compressor.
5. Transparent roofing sheets to reduce energy consumption.
So Energy Audit is the only perfect & analyzed way of meeting the Industrial Energy Conservation.
An Implementation of I2C Slave Interface using Verilog HDLIJMER
The focus of this paper is on implementation of Inter Integrated Circuit (I2C) protocol
following slave module for no data loss. In this paper, the principle and the operation of I2C bus protocol
will be introduced. It follows the I2C specification to provide device addressing, read/write operation and
an acknowledgement. The programmable nature of device provide users with the flexibility of configuring
the I2C slave device to any legal slave address to avoid the slave address collision on an I2C bus with
multiple slave devices. This paper demonstrates how I2C Master controller transmits and receives data to
and from the Slave with proper synchronization.
The module is designed in Verilog and simulated in ModelSim. The design is also synthesized in Xilinx
XST 14.1. This module acts as a slave for the microprocessor which can be customized for no data loss.
Discrete Model of Two Predators competing for One PreyIJMER
This paper investigates the dynamical behavior of a discrete model of one prey two
predator systems. The equilibrium points and their stability are analyzed. Time series plots are obtained
for different sets of parameter values. Also bifurcation diagrams are plotted to show dynamical behavior
of the system in selected range of growth parameter
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
Software Delivery At the Speed of AI: Inflectra Invests In AI-Powered QualityInflectra
In this insightful webinar, Inflectra explores how artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming software development and testing. Discover how AI-powered tools are revolutionizing every stage of the software development lifecycle (SDLC), from design and prototyping to testing, deployment, and monitoring.
Learn about:
• The Future of Testing: How AI is shifting testing towards verification, analysis, and higher-level skills, while reducing repetitive tasks.
• Test Automation: How AI-powered test case generation, optimization, and self-healing tests are making testing more efficient and effective.
• Visual Testing: Explore the emerging capabilities of AI in visual testing and how it's set to revolutionize UI verification.
• Inflectra's AI Solutions: See demonstrations of Inflectra's cutting-edge AI tools like the ChatGPT plugin and Azure Open AI platform, designed to streamline your testing process.
Whether you're a developer, tester, or QA professional, this webinar will give you valuable insights into how AI is shaping the future of software delivery.
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 3DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 3. In this session, we will cover desktop automation along with UI automation.
Topics covered:
UI automation Introduction,
UI automation Sample
Desktop automation flow
Pradeep Chinnala, Senior Consultant Automation Developer @WonderBotz and UiPath MVP
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
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AI for Every Business: Unlocking Your Product's Universal Potential by VP of ...
FPGA Based Wireless Jamming Networks
1. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
www.ijmer.com Vol. 3, Issue. 4, Jul - Aug. 2013 pp-2567-2571 ISSN: 2249-6645
www.ijmer.com 2567 | Page
N. Radha Krishnaiah1
, Mrs. P. Brundavani2
M. Tech VLSI System Design, AITS, Rajampet, Kadapa(DT)
Assistant Professor, Dept: ECE, AITS, Rajampet, Kadapa (DT)
Abstract: A mobile phone jammer is an instrument used to prevent cellular phones from receiving signals from base
stations. When used, the jammer effectively disables cellular phones. These devices can be used in practically any location,
but are found primarily in places where a phone call would be particularly disruptive because silence is expected. But the
existing mobile phone jammers are having several defects so we are going to design a new mobile phone jammer using VLSI
Technology which will be more efficient than existing jammers.
Keywords: Jammers, Mobile Jammer, FPGA, RF Transmitter, RF Receiver, LCD, Frequency Jamming.
I. Introduction
A mobile phone jammer is an instrument used to prevent cellular phones from receiving signals from base stations.
When used, the jammer effectively disables cellular phones. These devices can be used in practically any location, but are
found primarily in places where a phone call would be particularly disruptive because silence is expected.
Mobile Jammers were originally developed for law enforcement and the military to interrupt communications by criminals
and terrorists to foil the use of certain remotely detonated explosives. The civilian applications were apparent with growing
public resentment over usage of mobile phones in public areas on the rise & reckless invasion of privacy. Over time many
companies originally contracted todesign mobile jammers for government switched over to sell these devices to private
entities. As with other radio jamming, mobile jammers block mobile phone use by sending out radio waves along the same
frequencies that mobile phones use. This causes enough interference with the communication between mobile phones and
communicating towers to render the phones unusable. Upon activating mobile jammers, all mobile phones will indicate
"NO NETWORK”. Incoming calls are blocked as if the mobile phone were off. When the mobile jammers are turned off,
all mobile phones will automatically re-establish communications and provide full service. Mobile jammer's effect can vary
widely based on factors such as proximity to towers, indoor and outdoor settings, presence of buildings and landscape, even
temperature and humidity play a role.
The choice of mobile jammers are based on the required range starting with the personal pocket mobile jammer
that can be carried along with you to ensure undisrupted meeting with your client or a personal portable mobile jammer for
your room or medium power mobile jammer or high power mobile jammer for your organisation to very high power military
jammers to jam a large campuses.
Need & History of Jammers
The rapid proliferation of cell phones at the beginning of the 21st century to near ubiquitous status eventually raised
problems, such as their potential use to invade privacy or contribute to academic cheating. In addition, public backlash was
growing against the disruption cell phones introduced in daily life. While older analog cell phones often suffered from poor
reception and could even be disconnected by simple interference such as high frequency noise, increasingly sophisticated
digital phones have led to more elaborate counters. Cell phone jamming devices are an alternative to more expensive
measures against cell phones, such as Faraday cages, which are mostly suitable as built in protection for structures. They
were originally developed for law enforcement and the military to interrupt communications by criminals and terrorists.
Some were also designed to foil the use of certain remotely detonated explosives. The civilian applications were apparent, so
over time many companies originally contracted to design jammers for government use switched over to sell these devices to
private entities. Since then, there has been a slow but steady increase in their purchase and use, especially in major
metropolitan areas.
As with other radio jamming, cell phone jammers block cell phone use by sending out radio waves along the same
frequencies that cellular phones use. This causes enough interference with the communication between cell phones and
towers to render the phones unusable. On most retail phones, the network would simply appear out of range. Most cell
phones use different bands to send and receive communications from towers (called frequency division duplexing, FDD).
Jammers can work by either disrupting phone to tower frequencies or tower to phone frequencies. Smaller handheld models
block all bands from 800 MHz to 1900 MHz within a 30-foot range (9 meters). Small devices tend to use the former method,
while larger more expensive models may interfere directly with the tower. The radius of cell phone jammers can range from
a dozen feet for pocket models to kilometers for more dedicated units. The TRJ-89 jammer can block cellular
communications for a 5-mile (8 km) radius.
Less energy is required to disrupt signal from tower to mobile phone than the signal from mobile phone to the tower
(also called base station), because the base station is located at larger distance from the jammer than the mobile phone and
that is why the signal from the tower is not as strong.
Older jammers sometimes were limited to working on phones using only analog or older digital mobile phone standards.
Newer models such as the double and triple band jammers can block all widely used systems (CDMA, iDEN, GSM, et al.)
and are even very effective against newer phones which hop to different frequencies and systems when interfered with. As
FPGA Based Wireless Jamming Networks
2. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
www.ijmer.com Vol. 3, Issue. 4, Jul - Aug. 2013 pp-2567-2571 ISSN: 2249-6645
www.ijmer.com 2568 | Page
the dominant network technology and frequencies used for mobile phones vary worldwide, some work only in specific
regions such as Europe or North America. Some Cell Phone Jammers have been introduced to some State Prisons in the
United States. Cell phones that have been sneaked into prison pose a security risk for guards and property owners living
nearby.
Problems in Existing Jammers
Envisage a situation where you are essaying to dial 911 and cannot get through because someone has a cell phone
jammer with him. Otherwise, you want to call the police to avoid a robbery in your building but the robber has a cell phone
jammer with him. So, what could you do in such a dangerous situation? Jamming devices utilized with some thoughts may
be much more useful than just a method of enjoyment. To remove these hazards a new efficient type of mobile jammer is
proposed using FPGA. In this new design we are going to disable the keypad, MIC, speaker, will be only disabled by using
the FPGA & we doing it using a 400MHz frequency which has an public license so there is no need of licensing.
Some of the Common Problems are listed below:
The person didn’t even get the notification of a call or message when he is in the jammer coverage area.
The person cannot be contacted for some urgent information also.
Nearly the mobile phone will be in Switch Off state.
There will not be any notification that the user mobile has been jammed.
Proposed System Design
In most countries, it is illegal for private citizens to jam cell-phone transmission, but some countries are allowing
businesses and government organizations to install jammers in areas where cell-phone use is seen as a public nuisance. In
December 2004, France legalized cell-phone jammers in movie theaters, concert halls and other places with performances.
France is finalizing technology that will let calls to emergency services go through. India has installed jammers in parliament
and some prisons. It has been reported that universities in Italy have adopted the technology to prevent cheating. Students
were taking photos of tests with their camera phones and sending them to classmates.
Alternatives to Cell Phone Jamming
While the law clearly prohibits using a device to actively disrupt a cell-phone signal, there are no rules against
passive cell-phone blocking. That means using things like wallpaper or building materials embedded with metal fragments to
prevent cell-phone signals from reaching inside or outside the room. Some buildings have designs that block radio signals by
accident due to thick concrete walls or a steel skeleton. Companies are working on devices that control a cell phone but do
not "jam the signal." One device sends incoming calls to voicemail and blocks outgoing calls. The argument is that the phone
still works, so it is technically not being jammed. It is a legal gray area that has not been ruled on by the FCC as of April
2005.
Cell-phone alerters are available that indicate the presence of a cell-phone signal. These have been used in
hospitals where cell-phone signals could interfere with sensitive medical equipment.
Block Diagram
Figure 1: Mobile Jammer General Block Diagram
FPGA
A Field-programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit designed to be configured by the customer or
designer after manufacturing—hence "field-programmable". The FPGA configuration is generally specified using a
hardware description language (HDL), similar to that used for an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) (circuit
diagrams were previously used to specify the configuration, as they were for ASICs, but this is increasingly rare). FPGAs
can be used to implement any logical function that an ASIC could perform. The ability to update the functionality after
FPGAMobile
Controller
Unit
RF
Receiver
Jammer Unit
RF
Transmitter
3. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
www.ijmer.com Vol. 3, Issue. 4, Jul - Aug. 2013 pp-2567-2571 ISSN: 2249-6645
www.ijmer.com 2569 | Page
shipping, partial re-configuration of the portion of the design[1]
and the low non-recurring engineering costs relative to an
ASIC design (notwithstanding the generally higher unit cost), offer advantages for many applications.
FPGA’s contain programmable logic components called "logic blocks", and a hierarchy of reconfigurable
interconnects that allow the blocks to be "wired together"—somewhat like many (changeable) logic gates that can be inter-
wired in (many) different configurations. Logic blocks can be configured to perform complex combinational functions, or
merely simple logic gates like AND and XOR. In most FPGAs, the logic blocks also include memory elements, which may
be simple flip-flops or more complete blocks of memory.
In addition to digital functions, some FPGAs have analog features. The most common analog feature is
programmable slew rate and drive strength on each output pin, allowing the engineer to set slow rates on lightly loaded pins
that would otherwise ring unacceptably, and to set stronger, faster rates on heavily loaded pins on high-speed channels that
would otherwise run too slow. Another relatively common analog feature is differential comparators on input pins designed
to be connected to differential signaling channels. A few "mixed signal FPGAs" have integrated peripheral Analog-to-Digital
Converters (ADCs) and Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs) with analog signal conditioning blocks allowing them to
operate as a system-on-a-chip. Such devices blur the line between an FPGA, which carries digital ones and zeros on its
internal programmable interconnect fabric, and field-programmable analog array (FPAA), which carries analog values on its
internal programmable interconnect fabric.
RF Encoder and Decoder
General Encoder and Decoder Operations
The Holtek HT-12E IC encodes 12-bits of information and serially transmits this data on receipt of a Transmit
Enable, or a LOW signal on pin-14 /TE. Pin-17 the D_OUT pin of the HT-12E serially transmits whatever data is available
on pins 10,11,12 and 13, or D0,D1,D2 and D3. Data is transmitted at a frequency selected by the external oscillator resistor.
By using the switches attached to the data pins on the HT-12E, as shown in the schematic, we can select the information in
binary format to send to the receiver. The receiver section consists of the Ming RE-99 and the HT-12D decoder IC. The
DATA_IN pin-14 of the HT-12D reads the 12-bit binary information sent by the HT-12E and then places this data on its
output pins. Pins 10,11,12 and 13 are the data out pins of the HT-12D, D0,D1,D2 and D3. The HT-12D receives the 12-bit
word and interprets the first 8-bits as address and the last 4-bits as data. Pins 1-8 of the HT-12E are the address pins. Using
the address pins of the HT-12E, we can select different addresses for up to 256 receivers. The address is determined by
setting pins 1-8 on the HT-12E to ground, or just leaving them open. The address selected on the HT-12E circuit must match
the address selected on the HT-12D circuit (exactly), or the information will be ignored by the receiving circuit.
When the received addresses from the encoder matches the decoders, the Valid Transmission pin-17 of the HT-12D
will go HIGH to indicate that a valid transmission has been received and the 4-bits of data are latched to the data output pins,
10-13. The transistor circuit shown in the schematic will use the VT, or valid transmission pin to light the LED. When the
VT pin goes HIGH it turns on the 2N2222 transistor which in turn delivers power to the LED providing a visual indication of
a valid transmission reception.
Controlling the Project with a FPGA
Using these RF transmitter & receiver circuits with a FPGA would be simple. We can simply replace the switches
used for selecting data on the HT-12E with the output pins of the FPGA. Also we can use another output pin to select TE, or
transmit enable on the HT-12E. By taking pin-14 LOW we cause the transmitter section to transmit the data on pins 10-13.
To receive information simply hook up the HT-12D output pins to the FPGA. The VT, or valid transmission pin of the HT-
12D could signal the FPGA to grab the 4-bits of data from the data output pins. If you are using a FPGA with interrupt
capabilities, use the VT pin to cause a jump to an interrupt vector and process the received data.
The HT-12D data output pins will LATCH and remain in this state until another valid transmission is received. NOTE: You
will notice that in both schematics each of the Holtek chips have resistors attached to pins 15 and 16. These resistors must be
the exact values shown in the schematic. These resistors set the internal oscillators of the HT-12E/HT-12D. It is
recommended that you choose a 1% resistor for each of these resistors to ensure the correct circuit oscillation.
Range of Operation
The normal operating range using (only) the LOOP TRACE ANTENNA on the transmitter board is about 50 feet.
By connecting a quarter wave antenna using 9.36 inches of 22 gauge wire to both circuits, you can extend this range to
several hundred feet. Your actual range may vary due to your finished circuit design and environmental conditions. The
transistors and diodes can be substituted with any common equivalent type. These will normally depend on the types and
capacities of the particular loads you want to control and should be selected accordingly for your intended application.
RF Details
The TWS-434 and RWS-434 are extremely small, and are excellent for applications requiring short-range RF
remote controls. The transmitter module is only 1/3 the size of a standard postage stamp, and can easily be placed inside a
small plastic enclosure. TWS-434: The transmitter output is up to 8mW at 433.92MHz with a range of approximately 400
foot (open area) outdoors. Indoors, the range is approximately 200 foot, and will go through most walls.
4. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
www.ijmer.com Vol. 3, Issue. 4, Jul - Aug. 2013 pp-2567-2571 ISSN: 2249-6645
www.ijmer.com 2570 | Page
Fig2: RF 434 Mhz Transmitter. Modulation: ASK
The TWS-434 transmitter accepts both linear and digital inputs, can operate from 1.5 to 12 Volts-DC, and makes
building a miniature hand-held RF transmitter very easy. The TWS-434 is approximately the size of a standard postage
stamp.
Fig 3: RF-434 Pin Diagram
LCD display
More FPGA devices are using ‘smart LCD’ displays to output visual information. The following discussion covers
the connection of a 16x2 LCD display to a PIC FPGA. LCD displays designed around Hitachi’s. LCD HD44780 module,
are inexpensive, easy to use, and it is even possible to produce a readout using the 8x80 pixels of the display. Hitachi LCD
display have a standard ASCII set of a characters plus Japanies, Greek and Mathematical symbols
For a 8-bit data bus, the display requires a +5 supply plus 11 I/O lines. For a 4_bit data bus it only requires the
supply lines plus seven extra lines. When the LCD display is not enabled, data lines are tri-state which means they are in a
state of high impedence and this means they do not interfere with the operation of the display is not being addressed.
Reading data from the LCD is done in the same way, but control line R/W has to be high. When we send a high to
the LCD, it will reset and wait for instructions. Typical instructions sent to LCD display after a reset are: turning on a
display, turning on a cursor and writing characters from left to right. When the LCD is initialized, it is ready to continue
receiving data or instructions. If it receives character, it will write it on the display and move the cursor one space to the
right. The Cursor marks the next location where a character will be written. When we want to write a string of characters,
first we need to set up the starting address, and then send one character at a time. Characters that can be shown on the display
are stored in data display (DD) RAM. The size of DDRAM is 80 bytes.
Fig 4(a)
Fig 4(b)
Fig 4(a),4(b): Pictures of our Proposed Mobile jammer
5. International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER)
www.ijmer.com Vol. 3, Issue. 4, Jul - Aug. 2013 pp-2567-2571 ISSN: 2249-6645
www.ijmer.com 2571 | Page
II. Conclusions
Our Proposed Mobile Jammer is working perfectly without affecting the signals from the network. So that the user
can able to get the notifications regarding Calls and messages (SMS, MMS). The notification about the calls will be given to
the user. If there is any urgent call as we can get the notification we can go out from the coverage area and use our mobile as
it is. No need of licensing. Implementation of our newly designed jammers is easy. As we are using a FPGA, our hardware
can be modified whenever we want. Can be implemented where silence to be maintained. Future modifications are possible
easily. Misuse of mobiles can be restricted. Thus our Mobile jammers can provide higher efficiency with lower misuses.
References
[1]. D. Adamy. EW 101: A first course in electronic warfare. Artech House Publishers, 2001.
[2]. I. Akyildiz, W. Lee, M. Vuran, and S. Mohanty. Next generation dynamic spectrum access cognitive radio wireless networks: A
survey. Computer Networks, 50(13):2127–2159, 2006.
[3]. L. C. Baird, W. L. Bahn, M. D. Collins, M. C. Carlisle, and S. C. Butler. Keyless jam resistance. In Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE
Workshop on Information Assurance United States Military Academy, 2007.
[4]. T. X. Brown, J. E. James, and A. Sethi. Jamming and sensing of encrypted wireless ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the ACM
MobiHoc, pages 120–130, 2006.
[5]. M. Cagalj, S. Capkun, and J.-P. Hubaux. Wormhole-based anti-jamming techniques in sensor networks. IEEE Transactions on
Mobile Computing, 6(1):100–114, 2007.
[6]. A. Chan, X. Liu, G. Noubir, and B. Thapa. Control channel jamming: resilience and identification of traitors. In Proceedings of
ISIT, 2007.
[7]. J. T. Chiang and Y.-C. Hu. Cross-layer jamming detection and mitigation in wireless broadcast networks. In Proceedings of the
MobiCom, pages 346–349, 2007.
N. Radha Krishnaiah , born in Rajampet, A.P., India in 1989. He received B.Tech Degree in Electronics
and Communication Engineering from J.N.T University Anantapur, India. Presently pursuing M.Tech (VLSI SYSTEM
DESIGN) from Annamcharya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Rajampet, A.P., India. His research interests include
VLSI, Embedded Systems
I did this project under the guidance of Mrs. P. Brundavani born in Proddatur, A.P., India in 1982. She
received B.Tech Degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from G Pullareddy Engineering College, Kurnool,
A.P., India in 2004. Presently working as an associative professor in Annamacharya Institute of Technology and Sciences,
Rajampet, India. She got her M.Tech from JNTU Anantapur, A.P., India. Her research area is in Digital IC Design, VLSI
Technology, Testing and Testability, Microprocessor.