Essay Share

Knowledge Sharing Essays
Knowledge sharing:
Knowledge sharing occurs when an individual is genuinely interested to have or to give knowledge
to someone then this process is successful and effective, if a person provided with wrong or vague
knowledge that's mean the knowledge sharing process is stuck over there.
Goh (2002) proposes that knowledge sharers should always share the full circumstances of a case,
not selected circumstances.
Bornemann and Sammer (2003) say:
Knowledge as a resource of value creation, allows for exceptional marginal rates of productivity.
This is due to the major attribute of knowledge: appreciating value with continuing use and sharing
of knowledge instead of depreciating value of tangible products or natural resources (p. 21)....show
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It usually occurs when first, employees quit a job without the transfer of their knowledge; second,
existing organizational knowledge is obsolete (because the company temporarily loses its
competitiveness); third, new creative products and services are rendered sub–standard by old
know–how or unprofitable products; fourth, knowledge is incompletely transferred (or selective
individual knowledge is shared and/or the sharing practices are only for some certain individuals);
and fifth, organizational knowledge is difficult to access. This has negative impact on organizational
performance such as the decreased level of productivity, the decay of customer satisfaction, unmet
delivery commitment, inappropriate managerial decision–making and mistaken strategic behavior
(Argote, 1999). This in turn would lead to disadvantage in organizational effectiveness and
competitiveness.
For better understanding of knowledge sharing it is necessary to have looked on Knowledge
Management as this term comes before knowledge sharing.
What is knowledge management?
Knowledge is the method of translating information and past experience into meaningful shape that
is understood and applied by an individual. And to manage the knowledge that is in the minds of an
employee and used it for the benefit of organization is called knowledge management.
A few listed definitions of knowledge management are: "the capability of a company to create new
knowledge,
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The On The Sharing Economy Essay
Airbnb has been on the forefront of what has become known as the sharing economy. The sharing
economy can be defined as "an economic system based on sharing underused assets or services,
for free or for a fee, directly from individuals" (Botsman, 2015, Para. 8). The sharing economy is
also referred to as a collaborative economy, which is an "economic system of decentralized
networks and marketplaces that unlocks the value of underused assets by matching needs and
haves, in ways that bypass traditional middlemen" (Botsman, 2015, Para. 7). For the purposes of
this essay, the term sharing economy, or share economy, will be understood to include the definition
of collaborative economy unless otherwise stated. Since the shared economy is a relatively new
phenomenon, a brief history of Airbnb will be provided for context. To better understand the
concept of the shared economy, this essay will analyze how this is disrupting the traditional
economy. Additionally, the shared economy will be examined to determine if it is creating new
value for the consumer or if it is just replacing existing business.
The idea behind Airbnb was hatched in 2007 in San Francisco by roommates Joe Gebbia and Brian
Chesky as a means to help pay their rent (Campbell, 2015). With a conference being held in San
Francisco and hotel rooms being scarce, Gebbia and Chesky tried to leverage the situation by renting
space and air mattresses in their apartment for conference attendees (Campbell, 2015). They

A Shared Writing Analysis
The second approach that Schulz (2009), suggests using with ELLs is shared writing. "Moire
McKenzie (1985) who developed this process says, shared writing is a collaborative process
between teacher and children. Children begin to get in on the craft of writing" (Schulz, 2009, p. 60).
For this strategy, the teacher instructs students to write about a topic. Students write down ideas
about the topic and then begin writing until the teacher says pass it on. Once these words are said
the students pass their paper to the person next to them. That student then receives the paper reads
what their neighbor wrote, then continues to finish the ideas on the paper passed to them. Once the
teacher says pass it on again the process begins all over until

Shared Writing Process Analysis
Writing Process
Shared writing
Shared writing is an authentic learning process that helps students to learn necessary skills of
writing process. In the instructional process of shared writing, teachers compose text together with
the students (Ukrainetz, Cooney, Dyer, Kysar & Harris, 2000, p.334). I use the approach ofwriting
aloud process with my students to describe and model out the different stages of the writing process.
In this process, I combine the shared writing strategy by participating in writing, along with my
students and provide guidance and support so that they feel confident to contribute their ideas and
thoughts. Additionally, I guide my students to focus on the specific elements of writing to produce
the final writing piece.

Shared Knowledge And Personal Knowledge
Shared knowledge and personal knowledge, although they may come from the same concept of
acquiring them through a variety of situations, it differs on the process of gaining them. Thereupon,
such approach is seen through human sciences and natural sciences. Human sciences portray shared
knowledge through socio–psychological experiments and theories created from personal experiences
and circumstances, as well as a set of collective norms and values that change depending on a group
of society or culture. On the other hand, natural sciences are made up of theories, formulation of
hypothesis and through experiments; which are obtained from paradigm shifts where it involves
perception, reasoning, language, and memory. But how does shared knowledge and personal
knowledge differ or are similar in both natural and human sciences?

SHARE Article Analysis
In the article "Evaluation of the Families SHARE Workbook: An Educational Tool Outlining
Disease Risk and Healthy Guidelines to Reduce Risk of Heart Disease, Diabetes, Breast Cancer,
and Colorectal Cancer" (2015), Laura Koehly, Bronwyn Morris, Kaley Skapinsky, Andrea Goergen,
and Amanda Ludden discuss how the SHARE workbook was developed and the positive results that
followed its release. These authors support their discussion by giving the step–by–step process on
how the workbook was created and also providing statistics to show the results of the workbook.
Their purpose for writing this article is to inform people about the development and success of the
SHARE workbook. We can conclude from the mature use of language in the article that it

Shared Writing A Student Notebook Analysis
I believe using the "shared writing text" in a student notebook will be part of my classroom daily
duties for students. Using this notebook we will be able to track the students reading and writing
progression through the year. It is another way for us to maintain constant contact with each other so
if there is negative or positive issue we can handle it immediately.

Shared Inquiry
The leader of a shared inquiry discussion not solely prepares the informative queries that initiate
discussion, however conjointly regulates its flow. Leaders challenge participants unclear, factually
inaccurate, or contradictory statements, followed au courant participants answers invite proof and
invite more responses. If participants digress from the most purpose, it's the leader's responsibility
to direct attention with an issue. leaders should acknowledge once an issue has been resolved and
so, by motion a brand new informative question, should direct the group's efforts toward yet one
more drawback of that means.Interpretation is that the main purpose of a shared inquiry discussion,
as a result of interpretations can vary, stimulate engaged and spirited speech, and repeatedly charm to
the text for supporting proof. Most queries raised in shared inquiry discussion–including the gap
question–will be informative.Thus, informative queries area unit the first tools a discussion leader
creates to guide a bunch through the varied levels of that means that area unit gift in writing elect for
shared inquiry. composing questions on the text is best preparation for discussion,because it forces
the discussion leader to have interaction with the work...show more content...
In shared inquiry, it's assumed that participants can come back to the discussion with a basic
information of the specific components during a text, such asthe names and relations of fictional
characters, the written record order of a narrative, ANd any specialised terms that an author uses.
such factual data may be useful in creating grammatical responses to informative queries. However,
facts a couple of choice its historical background and result, the conditions alluded thereto, the
remakes of renowned students concerning it ought to be used

Shared Book Reading Program Analysis
The shared book reading program is a teacher–directed literacy program designed to allow the
educator the opportunity to model developing comprehension, alphabetics, and general reading
achievement skills. The program aligns with the CCSS in that is focuses on the development of
comprehension, alphabetics, and general reading skills. Furthermore, the program's flexible design
allows the teacher to utlize formative assessment to create targeted lessons focused on group and
individual achievement (Common Core State Standards Initiative, 2012).. Additionally, teachers are
encouraged to use open–ended questions as well as student's background knowledge to engage
leaners during the lesson. The program encourages the use of quality trade literature

Share
Value of Equity and Per Share Value when there are options and warrants outstanding
Aswath Damodaran
1
Equity Value and Per Share Value: A Test l Assume that you have done an equity valuation of
Microsoft. The total value for equity is estimated to be $ 170 billion and there are 1204 million
shares outstanding. What is the value per share?
2
An added fact l On September 30, 1997, Microsoft had 258 million options outstanding, granted to
employees over time. These options had an average exercise price of $ 42 (the current stock price i $
140). Estimate the value per share.
3
Equity Value and Per Share Value l l
The conventional way of getting from equity value to per share value is to divide the equity...show
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8
The Conversion Option l l
In a typical convertible bond, the bondholder is given the option to convert the bond into a
specified number of shares of stock. The conversion ratio measures the number of shares of stock
for which each bond may be exchanged. Stated differently, the market conversion value is the
current value of the shares for which the bonds can be exchanged. The conversion premium is the
excess of the bond value over the conversion value of the bond. The conversion option in a
convertible bond is equity.
9
Convertible Bond Value and the Conversion Option
10
Determinants of Value of Conversion Option l The conversion option is a call option on the
underlying stock, and its value is therefore determined by the variables that affect call option values –

– the underlying stock price, – the conversion ratio (which determines the strike price), – the life of
the convertible bond, – the variance in the stock price and – the level of interest rates.
11
Factors in Using Option Pricing Models to Value Convertibles and Warrants l Option pricing models
can be used to value the conversion option with three caveats –
– conversion options are long term, making the assumptions about constant variance and constant
dividend yields much shakier, – conversion options result in stock dilution, and – conversion options
are often exercised before expiration, making it dangerous to use European option pricing

Shared Inquiry Questions
Shared Inquiry Discussions Shared Inquiry is a way of learning that helps people of all ages to
discover the ideas, meaning, and information found in everything they read. The leader regulates the
flow of the of the discussion and prepares questions that initiate the discussion. The leaders also
challenge others to help them learn the information better with inaccurate statements to test them
and then ask for evidence. If students get off track with the discussion then the leader needs to
redirect them. They should know when it is time to ask a new question then get them to solve the
next problem. Interpretive questions are a type of question the leader should be asking.
Interpretation is the main reason for having a shared inquiry discussion. Composing questions about
the text the best preparation for discussion, because it forces the discussion leader to engage with the
work and form some preliminary ideas about its meaning. A good interpretive question is genuine–
one that has arisen from the reader's own response to the work and his or her curiosity about it, and
that is still unresolved and a matter of doubt. Interpretive questions call for a careful assessment of
what the author means in a work. To decide if a question is interpretive, use this simple test: you
should be able to write at least two different answers to it, supporting each answer with evidence
from the selection....show more content...
In shared inquiry, it is assumed that participants will come to the discussion with a basic knowledge
of the explicit elements in a text, such as the names and relations to fictional characters, the the
chronological order of a narrative, and

Shared Decision-Making
Genita Balkissoon
The article Titled "partners in care: patient empowerment through shared decision–making, Written
by Debra J. Hain and Dianne Dandy explores the benefits of shared disciomne making and having a
patient– provider partnership. Although the authors specifically mention a patient with chrinoch
Kidiney diese and talks about how this helps nurses and their patients in the Nephrology specialty I
believed that the subjects talked about in this article can be used by any nurse. Our patient MR.G has
a diagnosis of powerlessness relating to the dependence on others and because of this we knew he
needed to gain some control back. This is why we decided to aprroce him with the topic of going to
a support group but we did not want to just

Creating Shared Value Essay
Unit 3: Creating Shared Value 1
Running Head: Unit 3: Creating Shared Value
Global Economic Environment
Shirl Williams
Unit 3: Creating Shared Value
Unit 3: Creating Shared Value 2
Many companies came about out of a need or a means for products to be sold and or obtained, but
often companies could not thrive on their own. Many companies were able to help the community
grow by supporting and patronizing one another. So if a restaurant needed fresh produce it would
use the local farmer or produce market to obtain the produce in turn the farmer might eat at the
restaurant. The farmer and the restaurant might hire locals and neighbors to help the community.
That would...show more content...
The objective is to get it by any means necessary. We are at a point now where some companies do
not have a place of origin or a home, they just recognize themselves as being global. That in of itself
negates you from connecting and belonging, because what you indicate is that you belong
everywhere which in essence is nowhere. The idea behind creating shared value is to find ways
where everyone can benefit from growing the company rather than everyone trying to figure out
how they individually can grow. Porter and Kramer suggest that there are Three distinct ways to
create shared value. One way is by reconceiving products and markets. Essentially it is easier to to
find a purpose for a product and market that rather than market a product for which there is no need.
Another way to create shared value is by "redefining productivity in the value chain." (p. 8)
"Considerations in the value chain that increase shared value include the evaluation of energy use
and logistics, resource use, procurement, distribution, employee productivity, and location." http:/
/brownflynn.wordpress.com/2011/03/01/beyond–the–triple–bottom–line–creating–shared–value
/ Lastly is, Enabling local cluster development. This allows businesses to work together to solve
common issues selflessly and could generate new products, growth customers

Essay upload share
Part 1
To practice lesson planning, create an age appropriate sensory activity for early childhood–aged
students. Your lesson plan should include a goal, learning outcomes, materials, and a step–by–step
guide on how to complete the activity. You will want to refer back to Lesson 5 to see an example
of how to format and create your lesson plan as well as ideas and suggestions.
Title: Slime Letters
Goal: To gain knowledge of letters of the alphabet through sensory play during small group time in
the classroom.
Learning Outcome: gain meaning by listening, knowledge and recognition of letters, represents ideas
through play, convey letters with meaning, begins to make sense of problems, uses simple strategies
to solve issues that arrive,...show more content...
Materials: Large numbers from block center
Teacher Instructions: During large group math, students will act out addition problems at "the bus
stop". Students will take turns being the actors, get a number and sit on the bus with another
number. Class will solve the problem of how many the numbers will make before getting off the
bus. Next student will write the new number (answer) on the dry erase board.
Part 3
To practice implementing art centers, create an age appropriate art center for early childhood–aged
students. Your art center should include a description of the center, the necessary materials, where
it will be located, how it will be organized, and rules and limits. You will want to refer back to
Lesson 8 to see examples of art centers.
Description of art center: The art center is located

Shared Leadership Papers
Shared Leadership Leadership has been studied a countless amount of times, but there is not one
leadership style that is proven to be the best for an organization. The complexity of today's business
environment makes leadership increasingly more challenging. There have been continuous
arguments about how it is becoming more difficult for any single individual to possess all of the
skills and abilities required to competently lead an organization today (Kocolowski, 2010).
Therefore, I believe having a leadership team of varying personality types or leadership styles, to
such extent, is an effective way to manage the diversity in the workplace and the continuous changes
in the world of work. Shared leadership can be defined as a dynamic interactive...show more
content...
I have had numerous jobs in my past, and have been exposed to very efficient management or
leadership teams, and ones that have been significantly weaker and were evident in the work
environment and employee attitudes. My reflection piece is outside of the typical work
environment and is going to be based on my experiences attending University on a hockey
scholarship; and my positive experiences with shared leadership. Although a hockey team may
seem like an informal example of a successful shared leadership experience, the strategies
executed by the leadership roles on the hockey team could be very easily transported into my
future careers. The hierarchy of this specific example was the Head Coach of the hockey team, a
Captain and three Assistant Captains; one being myself. To paint a picture, a typical workweek as a
student athlete consisted of early morning one hour on ice skate, a full day of classes, an hour
off–ice workout session, and an evening two–hour on ice skate. It was a very big commitment to
balance the schedule of full time school and a full time job being an athlete as well. We were held to
a different expectation than some of our surrounding students. The coaching staff, through weekly
grade reports, closely monitored our GPA, and we were expected to maintain a higher minimum
average than what the school specifies in order to compete

What Are Shared Writing Strategies
Shared writing (the strategy of a whole class working together to build ideas with the support of
the scaffolding teacher who scribes) is referred to in the National Literacy Strategy (NLS) as being
a 'powerful strategy' (p.12) for the teaching of writing. Writing can be broken down into two parts
composition, which is ideas and structure based, as the Nation curriculum (NC) defines 'articulating
and communicating ideas ... coherently for a reader.' (DFE p.15) and transcription, which is the
physical process of 'writing down ideas fluently ... [and] spelling ... accurately' (DFE p.15). It was
suggested by Vygotsky that these two parts are 'two halves of the same process' which is all about
'mastering written language' (Barrs, 2004. P.267) shared...show more content...
It can be argued that the best way to learn something is to take the kinetic approach and to engage
with the activity and do it. This would mean that although some modelling from the teacher
would be of use the children need to engage in the writing aspect itself and not simply pose ideas
which are then developed as a class. The children need to think about how they will write for
themselves. They will develop some of the skills of writing through the observation and
engagement in shared writing, such as new vocabulary. It does not however, allow this children to
test writing for themselves and to try to spell things and have a go at different aspects of writing.
As said by Fisher 'writers need the confidence to develop an individual voice. For this they need
confidence to use, or consciously misuse, the conventions; have fun with written language; and
express their own ideas in their own ways as well as generically convention ways' (2006. P.4).
therefore we should embrace children's writing and the mistakes whilst they engage with this process
as gives them more of an opportunity to have fun with writing and they can always edit their work

Shared Reading Summary
This section of the assignment is an information report on the literacy pedagogy in Jill Eggleton's
video (2010) in which she leads a class in the shared reading of the book Baboon's Nest. It will
discuss the meaning and importance of shared reading, observed events within the video and a
breakdown of these events and their import role in teaching children.
Shared Reading
Shared reading is an interactive reading experience where teachers read aloud and focus students'
attention on how print works, story structures and word recognition (Seely Flint, Kitson, Lowe &
Shaw, 2013, p. 249). It is an activity that allows the teacher to interact with the whole class and
ensure their comprehension of the text. The books used for shared reading are simple...show more
content...
The rabbits play around and don't notice the fox until he springs out and tries to eat them. As the
story progresses the number of rabbits goes down until there is only one left. As the fox pounces,
the remaining rabbit disappears down a rabbit hole where it is revealed the rest of the little
rabbits have been waiting. This book is great for shared reading as it has a definite rhyming
rhythm to the sentences, and it repeats sentences over and over making it easier for children to
read along to. These are factors that according to Seely Flint, Kitson, Lowe & Shaw (2013, p.
250) make it an ideal book for shared reading. The book also uses the word dinnertime on every
second page in a bold font. This is something that enables the children to chime in and become
involved early in the reading of the book. It is assumed that this is what the fox is yelling as he
pounces at the rabbits. At the end of the book it is revealed that it was in fact the mother rabbit
calling her children to dinner. This is a great little plot twist and provides a great avenue with which
to further discuss the

Shared Reading Practice
In my reading class, students will be provided with explicit instructions on the whiteboard with
images that have a clear focus on the reading intension. As the Cognitive Development Theory
suggested that students' learning can be improved through modelling and visual aids (Wood, Smith
& Grossniklaus, 2011). A sharedreading practice will be introduced first, where I can model my
thinking and reading behaviours in front of the children while they sit on the floor. This is the
foundation for students to develop a passion for reading and become readers themselves. I will
include whole class discussion to develop their capacity of collaborative learning. Students can
express and share their understanding through drawings, which can be displayed

Shared Reading To Build Vocabulary Analysis
sight words. With my tutoring, I am teaching phonograms and using repeated readings. I believe you
can improve reading by actually doing a lot of reading.
Vocabulary instruction: Shared Reading to Build Vocabulary and Comprehension by Ted Kesler,
Numerous Scholars value shared reading for children's vocabulary, and link vocabulary knowledge
and overall comprehension (Coyne, Simmons, Kame'enui, & Stoolmiller, 2004; Fisher, Frey&Lapp,
2008, McKewon & Beck, 2006). Having children explain, elaborate, and connect ideas, produce
language. Shared reading format, Blachowicz and fisher (2010) stated, good instruction emphasizes
that talking, thinking, and planning before reading enhance comprehension as they aid readers in
developing strategic approaches....show more content...
What rules should be taught? What are the best ways to teach phonics? The first recorded known
phonics instruction was when Noah Webster wrote the famous Blue Back Spellers (Webster, 1798).
Included in this text was a list of letters, how to spell syllables, and then passages to be memorized,
and content that had been used since the early 1600s. In the mid 1800s, the word method was used
to learn to read, and memorize entire words rather than analyze words according to their sounds.
According to Smith (1965), Since the introduction of the word method controversy phonetic
approach or a whole–word approach to early reading instruction. In this article was stated, The Great
Debate (Chall,1967) and "The First Grade Studies" (Bond & Dystra,1967) phonics knowledge is
essential but children must be taught to read for purpose and meaning. Furthermore, the whole
language versus phonics approach taught in the context of reading and writing activities and not be
isolated. Materials such as worksheets and flashcards are considered inappropriate. The Argument
that children need some direct systematic sound–symbol instruction to learn to read (Adams, 1990;
Stahl, Suttles, & Pagnucco, 1993). Using an approach of combining phonics instruction and teaching
with in–context systematic instruction. A research project was conducted in the classrooms of
several different socioeconomic (SES) levels and racially diverse communities. In this study data
was collected and teachers were interviewed regarding how they taught phonics, and the importance
placed on literacy instruction. The data revealed that explicit instruction is systematic, sequential
presentation of phonics skills using isolated direct instructional practices. Teachers taught that letters

Shared Inquiry Analysis
The leader of a shared inquiry discussion not only gets you started on the questions that begin the
discussion, but also manages its flow. These are the leader challenges participants' unclear, incorrect,
or opposite statements; and for the answer that the participants answer; ask for evidence; and allow
further responses. If participants get off the main point, it's the leader's responsibility to redirect the
question. Leaders must recognize when a question has been settled and then, by posing a new
question, they must direct the group's efforts to another problem to meaning. Interpretation is always
the main purpose of shared inquiry discussion, because interpretations will change, stimulate
engaged and lively conversation, and repeatedly

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