Essay On Naturalism

Naturalism And Naturalism
To start things off, both versions touched on the four traits in which naturalism convey. Those four
traits being heredity, passion, instinct, and environment. However, not all traits were expressed the
same, and not all traits had the same substance or background information within the stories. For
starters in Version A, each character was identified by their gender, but in Version B, the character
had an actual name. Version A suggests "This fact did not worry the man" (London 629). However,
in Version B it states "In the Klondike, as Tom Vincent..." (1). This goes against the whole basis of
naturalism. Naturalism is very raw and philosophical when it comes to identity. In the sense of not
caring for names. It'll rather identify something...show more content...
Nevertheless, Version A had a little twist to it because unlike Version B, the man in Version A had a
dog to accompany him. The dog played a very pivotal role in this story. In Version A, you see the
true fashion of Eric Link's method of Scientific Naturalism. The story shows how the man was
willing to kill the dog, so that he could use the carcass to relieve his hands from the numbness.
Version A stated "He remembered the tale of the man, caught in a blizzard, who killed a steer and
crawled inside the carcass, and so was saved" (London 636). In other words, he was willing to
take a life to save his own. This is naturalism at its finest because in order to live, sometimes we
have to do the unthinkable. Survival of the fittest plays a crucial role in life or death situations. In
addition to that, when it comes to death in naturalism; we tend to have two choices. Either you
accept defeat and die or you go out swinging, and maybe just maybe you will live. In both stories,
the men are about to freeze to death. However, one begins to panic and accept his demise. While
the other begins to think of a solution. Version A states "There were lots worse ways to die"
(London 638). This shows the pessimistic side of the man in Version A. This goes hand to hand with
Becker's definition of naturalism. Which touches on the subjects of being hopeless. Version B states
"Burned hands are better than dead hands. No hands at all were better than death" (5). This shows
the instinct of man
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Essay about Naturalism in The House of Mirth
Naturalism in The House of Mirth
Challenging the strict deterministic confines of literary naturalism, which hold that "the human
being is merely one phenomenon in a universe of material phenomena" (Gerard 418), Edith Wharton
creates in The House of Mirth a novel which irrefutably presents the human creature as being subject
to a naturalistic fate but which conveys a looming sense of hope that one may triumph over
environment and circumstance if one possesses a certain strength of will or a simple faith in human
possibility.
Because of Wharton's slight deviation from naturalistic conventions, a literary debate exists among
critics as to the validity of viewing The House of Mirth as a novel which embodies...show more
content...
Making this theme uniquely hers, however, is Wharton's creation of two characters who are
"exceptions to the seemingly ubiquitous law of social determinism" (Gerard 410). These characters,
Nettie Struther and Lawrence Selden, one triumphing over her environment through sheer will, the
other transcending it through faith in human possibility, create a small tear in the formidable fabric
of strict naturalism, thus engendering a hope for the triumph of the human spirit.
Edith Wharton develops Lady Bart as a character who is a product of her environment, preyed upon
by circumstance and fate. Lily's name, referring to a highly ornamental flower, immediately creates
the image of a delicate creature who is grown in the rich soils of society and who, if uprooted from
this societal soil, would wither and perish. Lily, as any living organism, is not simply a static figure
in her environment. Instead, she is a true naturalistic character, responsive and subject to the
conditions of her surroundings. For example, when Lily and Selden meet at Bellomont, "Lily's
beauty expanded like a flower in sunlight" (108) and, "her face turned toward him with the soft
motion of a flower" (109). Thus, although it can be argued that Lily is not a naturalistic character
because of Wharton's emphasis on

Principle Of Naturalism
In terms of writing and dramatic style, naturalism is a heightened form of realism. Naturalistic
dramas generally follow guidelines created by Aristotle, the Greek philosopher. These rules are
known as "the three unities": action, place and time. The general rule is that the events of the play
should take place in the same location over a single day. Naturalism was made popular by the
French writer Г‰mile Zola, and his principles were modified by the French for the stage in the late
nineteenth–century. Zola's rules, known as "the three principles of naturalism" formed the basis for
the naturalist movement in theatre. The first principle, faire vrai, was that the play had to be
realistic and be as close a study of the human condition as possible. The second principle, faire
grand, was that the play had to be meaningful and each theme or event had to be of some
significance. And lastly, the third principle, faire simple, was that the play had to be simple and the
writer should not to clutter the play with unnecessary sub–plots or dialogue. Naturalism spread
through Europe in the twentieth–century until it reached the USSR. Stanislavski, a Russian theatre
producer, thought that melodrama was unrealistic and unbelievable. Therefore, he set up the
Moscow Art Theatre, in which he created new rules for theatre which all of his actors had to follow.
In naturalistic acting, characters had to be realistic and believable, and the costumes needed to
reflect the different character's

Naturalisn In The Open Boat Essay example
In most traditional happy ending stories, there always appears to be evidence of supernaturalism.
However, Stephen Crane leaves out all fairy tale elements and mystical creatures in his "The Open
Boat". Throughout the whole story, there are constant examples of the raw, realistic and indifferent
parts of life. In Stephen Crane's "The Open Boat" naturalism is apparent through the use of language,
literary techniques, and thematic elements.
First of all, Crane's use of language played a large part in the naturalistic feel of the story. Crane
makes sure to use specific phrases and words that describe things exactly the way that they actually
appear. He does not 'butter up' or 'candy coat' their descriptions in order to prevent the reader...show
more content...
It served as a reminder for the men on board– that their lives could be taken from them at any
moment, and it was a mystery as to when they will die or if they will stay alive. It was the idea that
fate was chewing at them at the mercy of the giant powerful ocean. "When it occurs to a man that
nature does not regard him as important, and that she feels she would not maim the universe by
disposing of him, he at first wishes to throw bricks at the temple, and he hates deeply the fact that
there are no bricks and no temples." Similarly to what Crane said– nature could care less if these
men die, and it will not change its course just to fulfill the wants of theses abandoned men. It stops
for no one.
The dialogue played out by these men as also an important literary technique. They continue to
banter back and forth, displaying hope and loss of hope. There are plenty of examples throughout
the story that show the men trying and trying again to regain this hope. They know in the back of
their minds that there is a slim chance that they will survive this situation. Crane uses this realistic
dialogue to show these men's emotions, and decline of confidence. Realistically, anyone who is
caught in a situation like this tries to look for any of the positives because they are trying to
maintain that glimpse of hope. For example, the cook says "'There's a house of refuge

Naturalism And Naturalism
Naturalism takes the basis of realism and expands those ideas in order to assert that the individual is
always overcome by an impersonal, unperceiving nature or by the single–minded expansion of
commerce. In Peace Like a River, the Land family does experience trial, and is even pushed from
their home, but this is not quite Naturalism. The places and people that they find themselves
surrounded by are invested in the family's situation in one way or another. There is no uncaring
force that overwhelms the family, and though they do face tragedy, and Jeremiah does die, it is not
in a naturalist fashion. Every threat the family faces, from Israel Finch and Tommy Basca to Jape
Waltzer, is hauntingly personal. The feeling of an intensely personal threat is what drives Davy to
fight back against Israel and Tommy, and what makes Jape such a horrifying villain, but this
personal nature is exactly the opposite of Naturalism. Naturalism in American literature is one
individual against a faceless mass from which that single human cannot hope to defend itself. The
struggle is futile and the challenges that the individual faces are too powerful to be overcome.
Naturalism is also a repression of the individual autochthony found so prevalently in American
literature, although in the cases where the development of commerce overcomes the powerless
human beings, Naturalism can serve as a reminder of the seemingly unstoppable forward
momentum of American culture. Regionalism in American Literature has developed as a check
against this forward momentum of American culture towards homogeneity, as people began to fear
that the individual place would lose the cherished uniqueness that made that place feel like home
(Regionalism and Local Color Fiction). Local Colorists also attempted to preserve their treasured
regions in prose and poetry. These authors, however, were forced into the category of Local Color
rather than Regionalism due to their being either women or of any ethnicity other than white. The
landscape of the Midwest, especially North Dakota, in Enger's novel lends a sense of desolation to
the plotline and reflects the fear and concern of the Land family. While driving through North
Dakota in the Airstream, the family is

Naturalism in Miss Julie Essay
Naturalism in Miss Julie
Writers involved in the naturalist movement believed that actors' lines should be spoken naturally,
and that mechanical movements, vocal effects, and irrational gestures should be banished. A return
to reality was proposed, with the old theatrical attitudes replaced with effects produced solely by
the voice. There was a call to individualise characters, instead of generalising them, to produce
characters whose minds and bodies would function as they would in real life. Strindberg's 'Miss
Julie' has been said to be an excellent example of this movement, as it involves stress on multiple
motivation of action; a departure from the stereotypical depictions of character; and random, illogical
...show more content...
There is also the bluntly overt exchange of lines such as, 'Beast!' 'Menial! Lackey!' 'Menial's
whore, lackey's harlot!' It has been proposed that this retreat to the characteristics of old
theatricality is perhaps only redeemed in the last minutes, when the stage action becomes solemnly
symbolic. The end of the relationship is represented by the decapitation of Julie's songbird; the
sudden ring of the Count's bell introduces a character that has been silent throughout, present only
in spirit. Jean places a razor in Julie's hand, and she walks out to her death in silence, as if in a
hypnotic trance. Her death is not as melodramatic or theatrical as her previous behaviour, so this
goes some way to compensate for earlier lapses.
Strindberg expressed an aversion to dividing his play into acts, as he believed that, "the declining
capacity for illusion is possibly affected by intervals, which give spectators the time to reflect and
thereby withdraw from the suggestive influence of the author hypnotist." His theory centres on the
assumption that by eliminating intervals, which act as breaks from the action, continuity would
improve, thereby increasing the intense nature of the plays action and creating a claustrophobic
environment. In order not to break the illusion, he also wanted to be rid of any musicians that the
audience could see, and would not

Cosi Naturalism
STYLE
The style that was used in Cosi was naturalism. Naturalism was developed in the 19th – 20th century
(Justin Cash.2006). It is a movement that originated in European theatres. A Naturalistic role play is
used within a theatrical performance to demonstrate how a character would react in a real life
situation. During the performance no photographs will be used to create an illusion, as it ruins the
full effect of the reality.
Naturalistic theatre refers to an impression of a perfect illusion of reality through a range of theatrical
technique. These techniques include detailed, three–dimensional settings ,everyday speech forms, a
secular world view, an exclusive focus on subjects that are contemporary and indigenous, the
extension of the

Naturalism In London Essay
The next step up in London's stories would be naturalism. Both of London's stories revolve
around the idea of naturalism. In "Love Of Life" the man is left very unprepared and left as a
victim to nature. He is left injured and is forced to try and survive. Due to the frozen weather the
man is forced to struggle for many days over hunger and once again that would be man's victimized
by nature. He was forced to do things such as eating the bad berries, digging for worm even
though he knows there is none this far north , eating day old chicks and he also even tries to get a
fish by bailing all of the water out of the pool. In "To Build A Fire" The man is victim to the cold of
his environment. He is forced to try and build a fire in the horrible...show more content...
I believe there are two themes, determinism and nature's superiority over man. In both of the stories,
both of the unnamed men struggle with the theme of determinism. In both of the stories we can see
that both men's outcomes are in fact determined by external factors being the weather. Everything
that happened to them is due to the weather and the environment around them. Leading into the
other theme, nature's superiority over man, the men in both stories are in frozen tundra of the
Yukon, believing that they were in control and that nature does not have any control to alter their
outcome. But in both stories this is in fact incorrect. Both of the men become victims of nature, and
are left for dead by nature. All together these themes are all influenced by London's experiences and
that these themes are things he's trying to portray to us through his writings.
Jack London's writing style is very much influenced by his experiences during the Klondike gold
rush. Throughout his writing, we see the things London struggled with, much like the men in his
stories. His themes are influenced by what London experienced and what he was forced to learn
through those experiences. His vivid writing style, with the use of numbers, measurements, the
counting of time, long descriptive sentences and his concrete imagery help us really create the
image of what London was forced to go through and what other men were forced to go through
during this

Characteristics Of Naturalism
America and its literature was once heavily influenced by the writings of romanticism. But during
the time of wars, people in America "threw away their rose–colored glasses and saw the world for it
was." And although this is how most realism writers ideas are portrayed, naturalism took it one step
further and correlated it to human behaviors and beliefs. Great authors were not only inspired by
events around their time period but also by other authors who had come before them and what they
wrote about.
During the late nineteenth century, the literary movement naturalism, was introduced to American
writers. The genesis of this movement was conducted in countries from Western Europe but the
french author, Emile Zola, set the movement into action. Zola's works and techniques strongly
suggested writers to look at the world a little more clearly and write about what it really was. This
new idea was eventually spread to the Americas and influenced more writers and more people to
look at the world and their country as Zola intended. Although, the movement was first brought up in
France, it was very short–lived but was given a longer life in America. In naturalist writings, a
common focus is to express the life of lower–class characters who live in poverty. An example from
a naturalist author, was a book about a struggling family during the Great Depression. Another
common characteristic of naturalism is to have the plots and conflicts of "'man against nature' or
'man against

Essay on Naturalism and Realism
Beginning in the late 19th century, two separate movements spread across America know as realism
and naturalism. While the two were very similar in their beliefs and ideals there were still many
apparent distinctions to differentiate the two. Realism and naturalism showed themselves in many
aspects of life, from art and sciences to new math techniques and even religion. However, above all
else these movements may have been most evident in the literature of this time. Reading through
American literature of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, it becomes perceptible which short
stories portray realism and which represent nationalism. Mark Twain's humorous tale, "The
Notorious Jumping Frog of Calaveras Country," clearly shows Twain's...show more content...
As Bierce explains, "The man who was engaged in being hanged was apparently about thirty–five
years of age. He was a civilian, if one might judge from his habit, which was a planter." An
attention to specific details is given especially in Part I when the setting is being described.
Countless adjectives are used, giving the reader the understanding of the scene so that they can
feel as if they are sitting in and watching everything mentioned take place. Again, diction is used
although not in the same way as Twain had used it. Instead, a type of southern slang is used,
denoting people from the North as "Yanks" and to flax as "tow." Finally, the last part of this story is
made up on the lead character's daydream which shows that Bierce was focusing on the psychology
of the character, another very realist thing to do in literature. Stephen Crane's ideas varied from those
of Twain and Ambrose as shown in hisshort story, "The Open Boat." In the story, the crewmates of a
diminutive boat are caught in a storm. This is clearly more depressing than the stories of the other
two authors cited but it also sanctions nature to play a substantial role. In naturalism, nature often
acts as a force that humanity cannot control. The storm represents Crane's belief in

Naturalistic Ethic Essay
Naturalistic Ethic
Even though there are several schools of Naturalistic ethic, they all have one major quality in
common – recognition of Nature as the main guiding force of our lives. Naturalists try to understand
Nature and how Nature and humanity are linked together. Adherents of Naturalism try to convince
people to shift their attitude toward the need to follow the laws of nature as a principle of moral
conduct. There are three major schools of Naturalism. The first school strives for "returning back to
nature" in order to enjoy a simple life and find out the truth by communion with nature, which is
considered to be the teacher for all people. The second school recognizes that the Nature has inner
soul. For example, stoics...show more content...
In order to measure the ethical rightness of someone's actions, we should consider that person's will
(hence, the name of the theory – "intentionalism") but not the consequences that follow from his or
her actions. Furthermore, any person should be able to defend his or her action as moral if he or
she can affirm that all people at all times should perform the same action (in other words, an
individual action is moral if it is moral as a universal law). Kant calls this the categorical
imperative. When a rule of conduct is universalized it becomes a moral law and it is everyone's duty
to act according to that law. Another important point Kant makes when he asserts that people should
treat others as "mainly as ends rather than means" which means that we cannot use other people as
objects to reach our goals.
While the Naturalist position may indeed seem natural, I think it has significant drawbacks. One of
my objections is that the Naturalist theory bases its conclusions on laws of nature that we may not
fully understand or scientific assumptions that, highly plausible as they may be, are not yet fully
scientifically proven. Thus, universal moral laws seem to follow from theories that may not yet have
been proven to be universal laws of nature.
Kant's theory is not without serious flaws either. For instance, ignoring the consequences of one's
actions may result in breaking one universal law as a result of following another. In

Naturalism Research Paper
According to (Naturalism.Org, 2017), the definition of naturalism in terms of art and literature is
defined as a style and theory of a type of representation based on the accurate depiction of detail.
However, whereas, in a philosophical viewpoint, it is considered to be everything that arises from
natural properties and causes, as well as supernatural or spiritual explanations that are excluded or
discounted. Furthermore in moral philosophy, it is the theory that ethical statements can be derived
from non– ethical ones. Lastly, it can simply be defined as another term for natural religion.
In terms of philosophy as stated before, naturalism can be the "idea or belief that only natural rather
than supernatural or spiritual laws and forces...show more content...
He suggests, in his evolutionary argument against naturalism, that the probability that evolution has
produced humans with reliable true beliefs maybe low or inscrutable, unless their evolution was
guided, while According to David Kahan of the University of Glasgow, says that in order to
understand how beliefs are warranted, a justification must be found in the context of supernatural
theism, as in Plantinga's epistemology.
In terms of philosophical naturalism, the belief is that there are not any supernatural entities. "No
such person as God", but also no other supernatural entities. It is my opinion that naturalism and
contemporary evolutionary theories are different ideas, and despite the fact that the latter is normally
thought to be one of the main pillars supporting the group of the former as each progressed. I see no
similar problems with the conjunction of theism and the idea that human beings have evolved in the
way contemporary evolutionary science suggests of a course of time. More particularly, I argued that
the conjunction of naturalism with the belief that we human beings have evolved in conformity with
current evolutionary doctrine. Meaning god caused evolution to take place. Personally I have a hard
time agreeing with this idea (Naturalism Stanford Encyclopedia of

Essay On Naturalism

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Essay On Naturalism