Thesis presentation of "eSPACE: Conceptual Foundations for End-User Authoring of Cross-Device and Internet of Things Applications" by Audrey Sanctorum

1. 2 December 2005
eSPACE
Conceptual Foundations for End-User Authoring of
Cross-Device and Internet of Things Applications
Audrey Sanctorum

2. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 2June 11, 2020

3. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 3June 11, 2020
Multi-Device World
Sequential interaction Simultaneous interaction
Smart Devices Things

4. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 4June 11, 2020
Research Fields
Cross-Device
Interaction (XDI)
Distributed User
Interfaces (DUI)
Internet of Things (IoT)
Improves interaction
across smart devices
Improves interaction
across things

5. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 5June 11, 2020
Problems
Fragmented Control – Lack of Uniformity – Limited Functionality & Customisation

6. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 6June 11, 2020
Problems
Fragmented Control – Lack of Uniformity – Limited Functionality & Customisation

7. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 7June 11, 2020
Problems
Fragmented Control – Lack of Uniformity – Limited Functionality & Customisation

8. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 8June 11, 2020
Problems
Fragmented Control – Lack of Uniformity – Limited Functionality & Customisation
End
Users

9. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 9June 11, 2020
Problem Statement
XDI/DUI IoT
EUD
As new smart technologies emerge in large
numbers, it is not only difficult for developers to
keep up with these evolving technologies, but
even more for end users.
This is caused by the end user’s lack of a flexible,
unified and extensible solution for controlling all
smart technologies (in one place) that can cope
with their individual and evolving needs.

10. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 10June 11, 2020
Main Research Question
How can we enable end users to have a better
control over their smart technologies by using
appropriate abstractions to hide the complex
technical details when creating and modifying
unified cross-device and IoT user interfaces
specifically made to control these smart
technologies?
XDI/DUI IoT
EUD
X

11. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 11June 11, 2020
Research Questions
RQ1 What are the main requirements for the end-user authoring of
unified cross-device and IoT user interfaces?
RQ2 What are the necessary concepts and methods to address
the requirements resulting from answering RQ1?
RQ3 Which metaphors or abstractions should be used on top of
our conceptual foundation to allow end users to visualise and
create their unified cross-device and IoT interactions?
RQ4 How can we design a unified cross-device and IoT EUD
authoring tool given the requirements from RQ1, the conceptual
foundations from RQ2 and the guidelines including the appropriate
metaphors found in RQ3?

12. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 12June 11, 2020
Research Question 1
What are the main requirements for the
end-user authoring of unified cross-device
and IoT user interfaces?

13. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 13June 11, 2020
Metaphor Classification
Metaphor Systems
Timeline A CAPpella, AppsGate
Rules AppsGate, Atooma, CMT, E-Free, E-Wired, E-Wizard, Ghiani et al.(2015), HomeRules,
iCAP, IFTTT, ImAtHome, Keep Doing It, SmartFit, T4Tags 2.0, TARE, Tasker,
TouchCompozr
Pipeline AppsGate, E-Wired, Versatile
Jigsaw Puzzle ACCORD, Puzzle, Zipato
Join-the-dots Platform Composition
Drag-and-drop DashMash, DireWolf, DireWolf 3.0.0, SmartComposition
Copy/paste Jelly, MashupEditor, XDBrowser 2.0
None EPIDOSITE, Ghiani et al.(2012), Improv, InterPlay, Paterno and Zichitella, WebSplitter
Pering et al.
(2009-2010)
Humble et al.
(2003)
Danado and Paternò
(2014/2017)
Desolda et al.
(2017) Maués (2013) https://ifttt.com

14. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 14June 11, 2020
R1 Provide an overview of the smart technologies, environments and applications
R2 Interaction support
R2.1 Support for interaction across multiple smart technologies
R2.2 Support for creation, customisation and distribution of cross-device and IoT UIs
R3 Support for sharing and integration of apps in a central smart apps repository
R4 Extensibility
R4.1 Offer extensibility at the level of communication protocols, devices and user interfaces
R4.2 Enable the integration of third-party applications
R5 Support for end-user development
Requirements

15. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 15June 11, 2020
R1 Provide an overview of the smart technologies, environments and applications
R2 Interaction support
R2.1 Support for interaction across multiple smart technologies
R2.2 Support for creation, customisation and distribution of cross-device and IoT UIs
R3 Support for sharing and integration of apps in a central smart apps repository
R4 Extensibility
R4.1 Offer extensibility at the level of communication protocols, devices and user interfaces
R4.2 Enable the integration of third-party applications
R5 Support for end-user development
Requirements

16. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 16June 11, 2020
Use Case Scenario
Lucas
Leaving home application

17. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 17June 11, 2020
Lucas

18. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 18June 11, 2020
Lucas

19. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 19June 11, 2020
Lucas Lucy

20. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 20June 11, 2020

21. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 21June 11, 2020
R3 Shareability
R3.1 Support for sharing and integration of apps in a central smart apps repository
R3.2 Enable sharing of applications, user interfaces or parts of a UI with specific users
R5 Reusability
R5.1 Support for reuse and combination of different user interfaces
R5.2 Support for reuse and combination of different functionality
R6 Portability
R6.1 Offer platform independence
R6.2 Support for adaptation of applications and user interfaces to users and devices
R7 Support for end-user development
Updated Requirements

22. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 22June 11, 2020
R3 Shareability
R3.1 Support for sharing and integration of apps in a central smart apps repository
R3.2 Enable sharing of applications, user interfaces or parts of a UI with specific users
R5 Reusability
R5.1 Support for reuse and combination of different user interfaces
R5.2 Support for reuse and combination of different functionality
R6 Portability
R6.1 Offer platform independence
R6.2 Support for adaptation of applications and user interfaces to users and devices
R7 Support for end-user development
Updated Requirements

23. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 23June 11, 2020
R3 Shareability
R3.1 Support for sharing and integration of apps in a central smart apps repository
R3.2 Enable sharing of applications, user interfaces or parts of a UI with specific users
R5 Reusability
R5.1 Support for reuse and combination of different user interfaces
R5.2 Support for reuse and combination of different functionality
R6 Portability
R6.1 Offer platform independence
R6.2 Support for adaptation of applications and user interfaces to users and devices
R7 Support for end-user development
Updated Requirements

24. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 24June 11, 2020
Research Question 2
What are the necessary concepts and
methods to address the requirements
resulting from answering RQ1?

25. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 25June 11, 2020
Model-based Approach
Define important concepts of
XD & IoT applications
Can be reused by
other developers
Allow flexibility and
extensibility
Increase communication
and controlBenefits

26. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 26June 11, 2020
Updated Requirements
R2 Interaction support
R2.3 Offer fine granularity UI distribution
R4 Extensibility
R4.3 Offer extensibility of adaptive behaviour and distribution configurations
R6 Portability
R6.2 Support for context awareness

27. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 27June 11, 2020
Final
Requirements
R1 Provide an overview of the smart technologies, environments and applications
R2 Interaction support
R2.1 Support for interaction across multiple smart technologies
R2.2 Support for creation, customisation and distribution of cross-device and IoT UIs
R2.3 Offer fine granularity UI distribution
R3 Shareability
R3.1 Support for sharing and integration of apps in a central smart apps repository
R3.2 Enable sharing of applications, user interfaces or parts of a UI with specific users
R4 Extensibility
R4.1 Offer extensibility at the level of communication protocols, devices and UIs
R4.2 Enable the integration of third-party applications
R4.3 Offer extensibility of adaptive behaviour and distribution configurations
R5 Reusability
R5.1 Support for reuse and combination of different user interfaces
R5.2 Support for reuse and combination of different functionality
R6 Portability
R6.1 Offer platform independence
R6.2 Support for context awareness
R7 Support for end-user development

28. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 28June 11, 2020
eSPACE Reference
Framework
Motion
detector AC
Notifier AC
Scratching
notifier AC

29. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 29June 11, 2020
eSPACE Reference
Framework
Video Frame
UIe
Record
Button UIe
Video UIe

30. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 30June 11, 2020
eSPACE Reference
Framework
Toggle AC

31. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 31June 11, 2020
eSPACE Reference
Framework
Toggle AC

32. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 32June 11, 2020

33. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 33June 11, 2020

34. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 34June 11, 2020

35. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 35June 11, 2020

36. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 36June 11, 2020

37. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 37June 11, 2020
Compliance of
eSPACE Model
with
Requirements
R1 Provide an overview of the smart technologies, environments and applications
R2 Interaction support
R2.1 Support for interaction across multiple smart technologies
R2.2 Support for creation, customisation and distribution of cross-device and IoT UIs
R2.3 Offer fine granularity UI distribution
R3 Shareability
R3.1 Support for sharing and integration of apps in a central smart apps repository
R3.2 Enable sharing of applications, user interfaces or parts of a UI with specific users
R4 Extensibility
R4.1 Offer extensibility at the level of communication protocols, devices and UIs
R4.2 Enable the integration of third-party applications
R4.3 Offer extensibility of adaptive behaviour and distribution configurations
R5 Reusability
R5.1 Support for reuse and combination of different user interfaces
R5.2 Support for reuse and combination of different functionality
R6 Portability
R6.1 Offer platform independence
R6.2 Support for context awareness
R7 Support for end-user development
Legend
Not fulfilling requirement
Partially fulfilling requirement
Completely fulfilling requirement

38. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 38June 11, 2020
Implementation
Roels (2019)

39. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 39June 11, 2020
Implementation
Roels (2019)

40. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 40June 11, 2020
Research Question 3
Which metaphors or abstractions should be
used on top of our conceptual foundation to
allow end users to visualise and create their
unified cross-device and IoT interactions?
A-FrameOrganicMaterial-Based Victorian Mediterranean

41. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 41June 11, 2020
Elicitation Study
Why?
Get mental models of people when
dealing with XDI and IoT interactions
Derive design guidelinesFind right abstractions/metaphors

42. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 42June 11, 2020
Elicitation Study: Methology
30 Participants (12 females) 15 technical 15 non-technical
15 sessions with 2 participants
XDI and IoT presentation
Scenario drawing
Interview and questionnaire
Comparison of drawing

43. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 43June 11, 2020
Drawings

44. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 44June 11, 2020

45. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 45June 11, 2020
Design Guidelines
G1 Use Pipeline Metaphor to Represent Interactions
G2 Use Different Arrow Types for Different Interaction Types
G3 Provide a Realistic Graphical Device Representation
G4 Provide a Graphical Representation of Users
G5 Represent Sequential Interactions from Left to Right and Group Concurrent Interactions
G6 Provide Textual as well as Graphical Representations for Conditional Statements
G7 Support UI Design
G8 Use of Symbols and Annotations
=>
A-FrameOrganicMaterial-Based Victorian Mediterranean Mediterranean

46. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 46June 11, 2020
Guideline 1: Use Pipeline Metaphor to Represent Interactions

47. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 47June 11, 2020
Guideline 3: Provide a Realistic Graphical Device Representation

48. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 48June 11, 2020
Guideline 5: Represent Sequential Interactions from Left to Right
and Group Concurrent Interactions

49. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 49June 11, 2020
Guideline 7: Support UI Design

50. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 50June 11, 2020
Design Guidelines
G1 Use Pipeline Metaphor to Represent Interactions
G2 Use Different Arrow Types for Different Interaction Types
G3 Provide a Realistic Graphical Device Representation
G4 Provide a Graphical Representation of Users
G5 Represent Sequential Interactions from Left to Right and Group Concurrent Interactions
G6 Provide Textual as well as Graphical Representations for Conditional Statements
G7 Support UI Design
G8 Use of Symbols and Annotations
=>
A-FrameOrganicMaterial-Based Victorian Mediterranean Mediterranean

51. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 51June 11, 2020
Research Question 4
How can we design a unified cross-device and
IoT EUD authoring tool given the requirements
from RQ1, the conceptual foundations from RQ2
and the guidelines including the appropriate
metaphors found in RQ3?
+ + =>

52. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 52June 11, 2020
eSPACE Authoring Tool Architecture
RSL Link Server
=>

53. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 53June 11, 2020
Home View

54. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 54June 11, 2020

55. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 55June 11, 2020

56. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 56June 11, 2020

57. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 57June 11, 2020
UI Design View

58. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 58June 11, 2020
Interaction View

59. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 59June 11, 2020
Interaction View

60. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 60June 11, 2020
Interaction View

61. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 61June 11, 2020
Interaction View

62. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 62June 11, 2020

63. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 63June 11, 2020

64. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 64June 11, 2020
Rules View

65. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 65June 11, 2020
Home View

66. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 66June 11, 2020
eSPACE Authoring Tool Architecture
RSL Link Server
=>

67. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 67June 11, 2020
Example Application

68. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 68June 11, 2020
UI Distribution

69. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 69June 11, 2020
Compliance to Guidelines
G1 Use Pipeline Metaphor to Represent Interactions
G2 Use Different Arrow Types for Different Interaction Types
G3 Provide a Realistic Graphical Device Representation
G4 Provide a Graphical Representation of Users
G5 Represent Sequential Interactions from Left to Right and Group Concurrent Interactions
G6 Provide Textual as well as Graphical Representations for Conditional Statements
G7 Support UI Design
G8 Use of Symbols and Annotations

70. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 70June 11, 2020
Compliance of
Related Work
with Guidelines

71. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 71June 11, 2020
Compliance of
eSPACE Tool
with
Requirements
R1 Provide an overview of the smart technologies, environments and applications
R2 Interaction support
R2.1 Support for interaction across multiple smart technologies
R2.2 Support for creation, customisation and distribution of cross-device and IoT UIs
R2.3 Offer fine granularity UI distribution
R3 Shareability
R3.1 Support for sharing and integration of apps in a central smart apps repository
R3.2 Enable sharing of applications, user interfaces or parts of a UI with specific users
R4 Extensibility
R4.1 Offer extensibility at the level of communication protocols, devices and UIs
R4.2 Enable the integration of third-party applications
R4.3 Offer extensibility of adaptive behaviour and distribution configurations
R5 Reusability
R5.1 Support for reuse and combination of different user interfaces
R5.2 Support for reuse and combination of different functionality
R6 Portability
R6.1 Offer platform independence
R6.2 Support for context awareness
R7 Support for end-user development
Legend
Not fulfilling requirement
Partially fulfilling requirement
Completely fulfilling requirement

72. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 72June 11, 2020
Initial Evaluation
8 Participants (5 females)
Scenario App Creation
Reading Tutorial
Simple Controller App
Grocery List App
Morning Routine

73. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 73June 11, 2020
Use Cases
Simple Controller App Grocery List App Morning Routine

74. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 74June 11, 2020
Initial Evaluation
8 Participants (5 females)
Scenario App Creation
Questionnaire and Interview
Reading Tutorial
Simple Controller App
Grocery List App
Morning Routine

75. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 75June 11, 2020
Microsoft Reaction Cards
40 Words

76. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 76June 11, 2020
Summary Evaluation Results
Organised Useful Easy to Use
Interaction view preferred by 4
Future work Add in-tool follow along tutorial
Improve terminology in dropdowns
Add help buttons

77. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 77June 11, 2020
Simple Controller App
P1
P4
P3
P7

78. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 78June 11, 2020
Morning Routine App
P8
P7
P4P6

79. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 79June 11, 2020
Conclusions
RQ1 What are the main requirements for the end-user authoring of
unified cross-device and IoT user interfaces?
RQ2 What are the necessary concepts and methods to address
the requirements resulting from answering RQ1?
RQ3 Which metaphors or abstractions should be used on top of
our conceptual foundation to allow end users to visualise and
create their unified cross-device and IoT interactions?
RQ4 How can we design a unified cross-device and IoT EUD
authoring tool given the requirements from RQ1, the conceptual
foundations from RQ2 and the guidelines including the appropriate
metaphors found in RQ3?

80. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 80June 11, 2020
Contributions

81. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 81June 11, 2020

82. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 82June 11, 2020
Conclusions
RQ1 What are the main requirements for the end-user authoring of
unified cross-device and IoT user interfaces?
RQ2 What are the necessary concepts and methods to address
the requirements resulting from answering RQ1?
RQ3 Which metaphors or abstractions should be used on top of
our conceptual foundation to allow end users to visualise and
create their unified cross-device and IoT interactions?
RQ4 How can we design a unified cross-device and IoT EUD
authoring tool given the requirements from RQ1, the conceptual
foundations from RQ2 and the guidelines including the appropriate
metaphors found in RQ3?

83. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 83June 11, 2020
Contributions

84. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 84June 11, 2020
eSPACE Reference Framework eSPACE Conceptual Model

85. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 85June 11, 2020
Conclusions
RQ1 What are the main requirements for the end-user authoring of
unified cross-device and IoT user interfaces?
RQ2 What are the necessary concepts and methods to address
the requirements resulting from answering RQ1?
RQ3 Which metaphors or abstractions should be used on top of
our conceptual foundation to allow end users to visualise and
create their unified cross-device and IoT interactions?
RQ4 How can we design a unified cross-device and IoT EUD
authoring tool given the requirements from RQ1, the conceptual
foundations from RQ2 and the guidelines including the appropriate
metaphors found in RQ3?

86. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 86June 11, 2020
Contributions

87. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 87June 11, 2020
Design Guidelines
Guideline 1 (G1) Use Pipeline Metaphor to Represent Interactions
Guideline 2 (G2) Use Different Arrow Types for Different Interaction Types
Guideline 3 (G3) Provide a Realistic Graphical Device Representation
Guideline 4 (G4) Provide a Graphical Representation of Users
Guideline 5 (G5) Represent Sequential Interactions from Left to Right and
Group Concurrent Interactions
Guideline 6 (G6) Provide Textual as well as Graphical Representations for
Conditional Statements
Guideline 7 (G7) Support UI Design
Guideline 8 (G8) Use of Symbols and Annotations

88. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 88June 11, 2020
Conclusions
RQ1 What are the main requirements for the end-user authoring of
unified cross-device and IoT user interfaces?
RQ2 What are the necessary concepts and methods to address
the requirements resulting from answering RQ1?
RQ3 Which metaphors or abstractions should be used on top of
our conceptual foundation to allow end users to visualise and
create their unified cross-device and IoT interactions?
RQ4 How can we design a unified cross-device and IoT EUD
authoring tool given the requirements from RQ1, the conceptual
foundations from RQ2 and the guidelines including the appropriate
metaphors found in RQ3?

89. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 89June 11, 2020
Contributions

90. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 90June 11, 2020
Conclusions
RQ1 What are the main requirements for the end-user authoring of
unified cross-device and IoT user interfaces?
RQ2 What are the necessary concepts and methods to address
the requirements resulting from answering RQ1?
RQ3 Which metaphors or abstractions should be used on top of
our conceptual foundation to allow end users to visualise and
create their unified cross-device and IoT interactions?
RQ4 How can we design a unified cross-device and IoT EUD
authoring tool given the requirements from RQ1, the conceptual
foundations from RQ2 and the guidelines including the appropriate
metaphors found in RQ3?

91. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 91June 11, 2020
eSPACE
Authoring
Tool
Rules View
Interaction View
App View
Home View
UI Design
View

92. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 92June 11, 2020
Future Work
Improve usability of eSPACE User studies
Integrate remaining requirements
Integrate different modalities
Explore human-AI interaction Improve user-defined apps
Improve sharing, extensibility & portability
Support for voice and gesture interaction
+

93. Audrey Sanctorum - Department of Computer Science - asanctor@vub.be 93June 11, 2020
Contributions