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ERAU sUAS Inspections Webinar
- 1. sUAS Inspections Dr. Scott Burgess Associate Professor Department of Flight College of Aeronautics
- 2. About Drone Inspections • What are they • Where do they happen • Why are they necessary
- 3. Regulatory Environment • Recreational vs. Commercial oPart 101 oPart 107 • Aircraft must be registered with the FAA
- 4. Part 107 vs Part 101 Part 107 • Commercial operations • Pilot qualifications • Maximum weight • Maximum speed • Maximum altitude • Limited operation in controlled airspace • Daytime operations Part 101 • No commercial operations • Maximum altitude • Additional notification requirements • Following community based standards • Aircraft must be registered
- 5. Tools of the Trade Aircraft Sensors Data Processing
- 8. Design Discussion Continued Intermeshing Rotors Coaxial Rotors Tandem Rotors
- 9. Design Discussion Continued Multi-Rotor Unmanned Aircraft QuadCopter OctoCopter What’s this?
- 12. Sensors • RGB • Multi-spectral • LiDAR • Infra-Red
- 13. Data Processing • 3D Point Clouds
- 15. Data Processing • Digital Surface Modeling
- 16. Data Processing • 3D Modeling
- 18. Data Processing • Normalized • Difference • Vegetation • Index
- 19. Operations and Safety • Flight Operations • Most use aviation model • Centralize planning – decentralize execution • Compartmentalize or segment responsibilities • Recordkeeping and Compliance processes in place • SOPs robust and tailored • Safety • Includes ground and air safety • Safety systems are engaged
- 20. Drop into the stream
- 21. visit proed.erau.edu for more information and to register or email training@erau.edu OPE Online Courses in SUAS - Gain Continuing Education Units (CEUs) - Work is self-paced - Some courses have interaction with other students and faculty - sUAS Professional Program – results in certificate of completion - Courses are $399 each - Courses are four weeks in duration (with the exception of SUAS 1300) - Courses begin every January, April, July and October – next start date is Apr 25
- 22. sUAS Professional Program SUAS 1000 – History and Application of SUAS Introduction to the history and evolving uses of small unmanned aircraft systems SUAS 1100 – sUAS Design and Configuration Introduction to the major design elements and configurations of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS; under 55 pounds SUAS 1200 – sUAS Operations and Regulations In-depth examination of small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS; under 55 pounds) operations, regulations, planning principles, and support considerations.
- 23. sUAS Individual Courses SUAS 1300 – Global UAS Risk Management Overview risk management as it pertains to unmanned aircraft systems. It will discuss insurance, global anti-drone efforts, risk management and future concerns. SUAS 1400– sUAS Inspection Course Entry-level understanding of the concepts required to use Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) for conducting inspections. SUAS 1500 – Fundamentals for Starting an sUAS Business Introduction to business and operational fundamentals for individuals interested in starting their own business using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS).
- 24. sUAS Individual Courses SUAS 2000 – Part 107 sUAS Ground School Prepares individuals for the FAR Part 107 Aircraft General Knowledge Test. Also an introduction to aviation, aircraft components and systems, fundamentals of flight, airframes and rotors, regulations, navigation, airspace, weather, flight skills, human factors and safety. SUAS 3000– sUAS Fundamentals for Public Safety Overview of the fundamentals required to integrate sUAS into public safety operations. New change as of January 2018
Editor's Notes
- What are they As a starting point, I think we can all agree that information is everything. Inspections have been happening since the first building fell down. Trying to decipher what caused the failure likely drove engineers and designers to build that better mouse trap exclamation point Using today’s technology, we can inspect just about anything much more efficiently and effectively…..AND that’s what I’d like to concentrate on today Where If you can think of something that needs to be looked either natural or man-made, then it could benefit from the use of a drone inspection via air, land, or sea. For the purpose of focus today, we will concentrate on aerial inspections using unmanned aircraft Why Durability is a key element in any type of construction. Exposure to elements and natural geological events logically implies continual monitoring the bigger the structure is Natural disasters require Post event assessment Construction sites require progress monitoring as does mining and quarrying Structures in the Energy sector have always required inspections and monitoring Safety affects everything that we do and in that light, when a drone can be used to mitigate risk, why would it not be considered There are so very many things that could be considered very useful application of drones to obtain information.
- To operate the controls of a small UAS under Part 107, you need a remote pilot airman certificate (RPC) with a small UAS rating, or be under the direct supervision of a person who holds such a certificate You must be at least 16 years old to qualify for a remote pilot certificate, and you can obtain it in one of two ways: You may pass an initial aeronautical knowledge test at an FAA-approved knowledge testing center. If you already have a Part 61 pilot certificate, other than a student pilot certificate, you must have completed a flight review in the previous 24 months and you must take a small UAS online training course provided by the FAA. If you have a non-student pilot Part 61 certificate, you will immediately receive a temporary remote pilot certificate when you apply for a permanent certificate. Other applicants will obtain a temporary remote pilot certificate upon successful completion of a security background check. We anticipate we will be able to issue temporary certificates within 10 business days after receiving a completed application.
- 107 Pilot qualifications: The person operating a small UAV for commercial purposes must obtain a remote pilot certificate from the FAA. Maximum weight: The UAVs can weigh no more than 55 pounds (25 kg). Maximum speed: The UAV's groundspeed can't exceed 100 mph (87 knots). Maximum altitude: The UAV must fly no higher than 400 feet above ground level, or no further away than 400 feet from a structure (including above the structure). Limited operation in controlled airspace: The UAV can fly without getting ATC permission only in uncontrolled (Class G) airspace. Daytime operations: The UAV must fly during daylight hours, or within 30 minutes of sunrise and sunset 101 No commercial operations: The sUAS aircraft can only be flown strictly for hobby or recreational use. Maximum altitude: The UAV must fly no higher than 400 feet above ground level, with not exceptions for flying above structures that are higher than 400 feet. Additional notification requirements: The UAV can fly without informing any airport operator or FAA ATC facility within five statute miles of the proposed flight activity. This responsibility extends to heliports that may or may not have active flight operations. Following community based standards: These are the standards are based on guidelines from the Academy of Model Aeronautics (AMA), specifically the AMA National Model Aircraft Safety Code.
- UAS Platforms for inspections should suit a purpose UAS have a purpose and it depends on what the operator or an individual, company, public servant needs as to what sensor would be needed Once the operator collects the data, it is then important to process the data and usually in a timely fashion to provide the client with exceptional information.
- UAS come in all shapes and sizes. Platforms for inspections should suit a purpose The predominant platforms used in commercial UAS work are under 55 lbs. Larger ones exist and will evolve but currently, this is based on stipulations in Part 107 FAA regulations Lets have a look at the designs and how they can promote inspections
- Third one could be a Coaxial HexaCopter, maybe a TriCoax, or a TriAx HexaCopter Mostly I think it is an MSU….. You know…. Make Stuff Up
- Hand launched / HTOL / VTOL
- RGB The RGB color model is an additive color model in which red, green and blue light are added together in various ways to reproduce a broad array of colors. Standard photography Multi-spectral A multispectral image is one that captures image data within specific wavelength ranges across the electromagnetic spectrum. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to assess the health of crops and plants (400-700nm) Blue, 450-515..520 nm, is used for atmosphere and deep water imaging, and can reach depths up to 150 feet (50 m) in clear water. Green, 515..520-590..600 nm, is used for imaging vegetation and deep water structures, up to 90 feet (30 m) in clear water. Red, 600..630-680..690 nm, is used for imaging man-made objects, in water up to 30 feet (9 m) deep, soil, and vegetation. LiDAR LiDAR is an acronym for Laser Imaging, Detection and Ranging Lidar is a surveying method that measures distance to a target by illuminating that target with a pulsed laser light, and measuring the reflected pulses with a sensor. Infra-Red Near infrared(NIR), 750-900 nm, is used primarily for imaging vegetation. Mid-infrared(MIR), 1550-1750 nm, is used for imaging vegetation, soil moisture content, and some forest fires. Far-infrared(FIR), 2080-2350 nm, is used for imaging soil, moisture, geological features, silicates, clays, and fires.
- Used for measurement and represent the outer surfaces Accident reconstruction visualization or animation Volumetrics Catastrophe adjustment Much more
- DSM is useful in 3D modeling for telecommunications, urban planning and aviation. Because objects extrude from the Earth, this is particularly useful in these examples: Runway approach zone encroachment. In aviation, DSMs can determine runway obstructions in the approach zone. Vegetation management. Along a transmission line, DSMs can see where and how much vegetation is encroaching. View obstruction. Urban planners use DSM to check how a proposed building would affect the viewshed of residents and businesses.
- Shows time change Perspectives for design Post event change
- NDVI is primarily used in characterizing crop growth. NDVI was one of the most successful methods to simply and quickly identify vegetated areas and their "condition," and it remains the most well-known and most used index to detect live green plant canopies in multispectral remote sensing data.
- Flight Operations Most use aviation model delineating responsibilities and qualifications and currencies Centralize planning – decentralize execution allows high level client involvement and aircrew focuses on tasks, missions and deliverables. Compartmentalize or segment responsibilities to enhance the operation and not divert attention away at the wrong time. Recordkeeping and Compliance processes in place ensure that efficiency is present and tracking and organization keeps the business flowing and organizational health is observable SOPs robust and tailored to meet anything from the smallest and simplest to the most complex and sizeable operation that is flexible Safety Includes ground and air safety and is operationalized within the SOP but also in a congruent set of standards Safety systems are engaged that will suit the organizational needs These are continuously evaluated to enhance and improve
- As in any professional aviation organization, we have found clearly that knowledge, education, and training combined together to produce a set of conditions that enable an entity to thrive. Effective employment of us in a complex inspection operation means that the operators need to know what they’re doing. Many of our students drop into the stream in the process of their own professional Journey and it is our understanding of their position in the stream that gives us one of our greatest strengths. Obtaining that knowledge requires the right source. I’d like to briefly talk about our UAS non-degree seeking opportunities
- Successful completion of courses result in Continuing Education Units (CEUs) Courses have defined start and end date with weekly assignments – participants can login to Canvas at any time of day or day of the week each week to complete course material Participants interact with others in the course and the instructor through assignments and discussion boards sUAS Professional Program – results in certificate of completion Program consists of SUAS 1000, 1100 and 1200 Students may substitute one other sUAS professional education course All courses are $399 each Most courses are four weeks in duration (with the exception of SUAS 1300) Courses begin every January, April, July and October – next start date is Apr 25
- SUAS 1000 – History and Application of SUAS This course features an introduction to the history and evolving uses of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS; under 55 pounds). Students will review the role of early aeronautical pioneers, eras of UAS development and example platforms, current uses, and major factors affecting future use. SUAS 1100 – sUAS Design and Configuration This course features an introduction to the major design elements and configurations of small unmanned aircraft systems (sUAS; under 55 pounds). Students will review the various design configurations of fixed-wing and vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) sUAS platforms, including common classifications and primary subsystems. The theory of operation and examples components used in the aerial, payload, ground-based command, control, and communication (C3), human, and support equipment elements will be explored. SUAS 1200 – sUAS Operations and Regulations This course features an in-depth examination of small unmanned aircraft system (sUAS; under 55 pounds) operations, regulations, planning principles, and support considerations. Students will be introduced to typical operational methods, applicable federal regulations and guidance, methods to locate updated information, planning and risk management strategies, factors affecting use across multiple industries, and support considerations, including training and insurance. This course provides an opportunity for students to apply what they have learned to effectively plan and support an example sUAS operation, in compliance of Federal legal requirements.
- SUAS 1300 – Global UAS Risk Management This online course will provide an overview risk management as it pertains to unmanned aircraft systems. It will discuss insurance, global anti-drone efforts, risk management and future concerns. Specific topics included, but not limited to, are: liability, underwriting considerations, systems and techniques used by various countries for mitigation and detection of drones, maintenance, contracts, standard operating procedures, and operator identification. SUAS 1400– sUAS Inspection Course This online course will provide you with entry-level understanding of the concepts required to use Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS) for conducting inspections. Topics will include an introduction to inspection types, flight operations, data collections and sUAS regulations. In addition to these topics, the course will discuss safety, flight planning, maintenance and communications as these factors are essential to conducting safe and effective inspection operations. SUAS 1500 – Fundamentals for Starting an sUAS Business This four-week online course provides an introduction to business and operational fundamentals for individuals interested in starting their own business using Small Unmanned Aircraft Systems (sUAS). The business topics covered include assessing personal liability by forming a company, choosing the correct form of business, analyzing steps need to form a limited liability company and a discussion of legal documentation. The operational portion of this class will cover equipment requirements, advertising, insurance, compliance, safety, post-flight processing and customer requirements.
- SUAS 2000 – Part 107 sUAS Ground School This course helps prepare individuals for the FAR Part 107 Aircraft General Knowledge Test. It also provides an introduction to aviation, aircraft components and systems, fundamentals of flight, airframes and rotors, regulations, navigation, airspace, weather, flight skills, human factors and safety. SUAS 3000– sUAS Fundamentals for Public Safety This four-week online course provides an overview of the fundamentals required to integrate sUAS into public safety operations. The topics covered include identifying components for a UAS Aviation Unit for Public Safety entities, identifying specific agency requirements and assessing the cost benefit of UAS integration. The course will discuss regulatory compliance, certificates of authorization, the role of the community, operator selection and standard operating procedures. Starting in January 2018 for participants who have not completed the three courses, participants can choose two courses from this program and substitute any other available ERAU online SUAS professional course