The Equality Act 2010 consolidates and harmonizes existing equalities legislation in the UK. It protects individuals from discrimination on the basis of nine protected characteristics: age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage/civil partnership, pregnancy/maternity, race, religion/belief, sex, and sexual orientation. The Act prohibits direct and indirect discrimination, harassment, and victimization across key areas of society including employment, education, and provision of goods and services. It also strengthens the public sector equality duty and introduces the concept of combined discrimination.