The document defines epidemiology as the study of the distribution and determinants of health states or events in a population, lists various abbreviations used in epidemiology, and discusses the aims of epidemiology which include studying disease incidence and distribution to provide information for health planning and management, as well as applications such as community diagnosis, risk assessment, and identifying syndromes.

1. D. PHARM
NAGPUR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY
NAGPUR

2. By,
Mrs. Kavita A. Mishra
Lecturer
Nagpur College of Pharmacy,
Wanadongri, Nagpur

3. Abbrevation:
 BCG – bacillus calmet Guerin
 DPT- diphtheria pertusis tetanus
 DT – diphtheria tetanus
 MMR- Measels mumps rubella vaccine
 BMR- Basal metabolic rate
 BBT- basal body temperature
 ORS- oral rehydration salt
 HIV- human immuno deficiency virus
 AIDS- Aquired immune deficiency syndrome
 WHO- world health organization
 TT- Tetanus toxoids
 OPV- oral polio vaccine
 CHD- coronary heart disease
 IUD- Intra uterin devices

4.  ATS- anti tetanus serum
 PEM – protein energy malnutrition
 DTP –district tuberculosis program
 NTP- national tuberculosis program
 DM- Diabetes mellitus
 CPR- cardiac pulmonary resustation
 IDDM- insulin dependant diabetes mellitus
 NIDDM- non insuline dependant diabetes mellitus
 ICDS- integrated children development servise programe
 Ig- immunoglobin
 SARS- severe acute respiratory respiratory syndrome
 MERS – middle east respiratory syndrome
 ARI- Acute respiratory infection
 Life threatening – couple of causing death
 Not-life threatening- it is not causing death(lethal effect)

5. Introduction to terms epidemiology:
 The scientific study of the spread and control of diseases.The
study of the distribution and determinants of health states or
events in specified population and application of this study to
control health problem is termed epidemiology.
 Terms defined as following scintist
 Parkin –defined epidemiology (1873)as the branch of medical
science which which treats epidemics
 Macmohan – defined epidemiology (1960)as the study of
distribution and determinants of diseased
 frequency in man
 Last – Defined epidemiology (1986)as the as the study of
distribution and determinants of heath related states or events in
specified population .


6. AIMS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
 Study the incidence ,distribution and progression of disease
problem
 Described the health status of human population
 Information for the planning,evaluation and manegmentof
health paramotion and re built system.
 Provide data that may further be used for identification of
etiological factor of health
 Epidemiological consept used for manegment of health servise

7. Epidemiology
Experimental study
Randomized
Controlled Trial
Non-Randomized
Controlled Trial
Obervational study
Analytical
Study
Case-Contol
Study
Cross-Sectional
Study
Cohort Study
Descriptive
Study

8. APPLICATION OF EPIDEMIOLOGY.
 To study the history of disease.
 Community diagnosis – study of disease,injurious condition
,disorder,disabilities,defect causing illness.
 Looks at risk of individual as they affect groups or
population.eg.health risk appraisal,health screaming medical exam
and disease assessment.
 Assessment evaluation & research-it studies the effectiveness of
public health,health servies,efficasy,quality,quantity,access and the
availability of services to treat ,control or prevent disease ,injury
,disability or death
 Completing the clinical picture-eg. Rheumatic fever can be caused
by strap throat
 Identification of syndrome –eg.down syndrome ,foetal alcohole
syndrome,sudden death infant

9.  1. Define epidemiology.
 2. Write down aim of epidemiology.
 3. Define the term Epidemiology. Enlist and
explain different types of Epidemiology.
 Write all application of Epidemiology.