Spill Prevention Through Environmental Risk ManagementMedgate Inc.
Environmental spills damage organizations' reputations, lower productivity, increase operating costs, and can result in financial penalties.
As an EHS professional, you can minimize the possibility of a spill by following a thorough risk management process.
In this webinar, Alison McKenzie will show that by using an Environmental Risk Management Framework, you can take action to reduce risk, keep employees healthy and ensure that your resources are allocated for maximum impact. After this session you will be able to:
Identify hazards, estimate the likelihood of a spill & potential spill severity, conduct risk analysis and priority ranking, and move towards prevention planning.
Training slides of Environmental Risk Management addressing issues on the importance of preserving the nature while doing business. Some important highlights:
- Environmental Risk Assessment
- Environmental Degradation
- Disaster Risk Management
- Environment & Sustainability
- Environmental Management Plan
Contact us for further information regarding the training course: info@asia-masters.com
Environmental Management - how are we managing are #environmental #management as a business. A brief overview of environmental management with some basic considerations.
Spill Prevention Through Environmental Risk ManagementMedgate Inc.
Environmental spills damage organizations' reputations, lower productivity, increase operating costs, and can result in financial penalties.
As an EHS professional, you can minimize the possibility of a spill by following a thorough risk management process.
In this webinar, Alison McKenzie will show that by using an Environmental Risk Management Framework, you can take action to reduce risk, keep employees healthy and ensure that your resources are allocated for maximum impact. After this session you will be able to:
Identify hazards, estimate the likelihood of a spill & potential spill severity, conduct risk analysis and priority ranking, and move towards prevention planning.
Training slides of Environmental Risk Management addressing issues on the importance of preserving the nature while doing business. Some important highlights:
- Environmental Risk Assessment
- Environmental Degradation
- Disaster Risk Management
- Environment & Sustainability
- Environmental Management Plan
Contact us for further information regarding the training course: info@asia-masters.com
Environmental Management - how are we managing are #environmental #management as a business. A brief overview of environmental management with some basic considerations.
Process Stage 1 Analysing Climate Vulnerability: Institutional
Institutional Climate Vulnerability
This module outlines how institutional capacity affects vulnerability to climate change and will cover how to identify and address weaknesses in institutional capacity in order to reduce vulnerability.
Expert Insight from IBM Institute of Business Value
Environmental sustainability is no longer just a corporate social responsibility (CSR) issue. Nor is it important only for compliance and reporting purposes. It is, in fact, an imperative in the fullest sense of the word.
Digital technologies—especially exponential ones—make possible many market-based mechanisms that drive change and innovation. In particular, they can support incentive mechanisms for action at a scale and speed that would be impossible through the traditional means of regulations and government intervention.
Environmental Impact Assessment is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
Online Training Resource for Climate Adaptation: Evaluation Techniques- Avoid...Deborah Davies
Avoiding Maladaptation
This module provides a more detailed look at the issue of maladaptation and includes the following:
The links and conflicts between mitigation and adaptation
Adaptation and sustainable development
How to identify and avoid maladaptation
The potential for mal-mitigation
An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the possible positive or negative impact that a proposed project may have on the environment, considering natural, Social and Economic aspects.
Environmental impact assessment methodology by Dr. I.M. Mishra Professor, Dep...Arvind Kumar
Environmental impact assessment methodology by Dr. I.M. Mishra Professor, Dept. of Chemical Engineering Dean, Saharanpur Campus Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee
Since the inception of EIA, there have been a worldwide adoption of the idea. However, its practice varies from country to country. This is a review of the practice of EIA, focusing on the similarities and differences that exist globally.
This is the first of three videos on Environmental Governance in China, illustrating how China became a global leader in Environmental Governance in record time.
PART1: China’s Environmental Regulatory Framework and Enforcement from 2015 till 2020
PART2: Digitisation of Operational & Supply Chain Risk Management: see the future today
PART3: Green Manufacturing and Circular Economy - growing GDP from transformation
In the last video I will explain how countries can use this as a fast-track out of Covid19.
European Risk Management Seminar 2018 - Sustainability ReportFERMA
FERMA’s aim in focussing on sustainability in our 2018 European Risk Management Seminar and in publishing this report is to strengthen the risk manager in ensuring the sustainability of our organisations and ultimately our societies.
Sustainability has always been at the heart of the role of the risk manager, so that their organisations are resilient to shocks and can continue to fulfil their objectives. In the 21st century, that vision has widened, because companies are increasingly asked to be good corporate citizens and to play a part in our overall adaptation to climate change.
Process Stage 1 Analysing Climate Vulnerability: Institutional
Institutional Climate Vulnerability
This module outlines how institutional capacity affects vulnerability to climate change and will cover how to identify and address weaknesses in institutional capacity in order to reduce vulnerability.
Expert Insight from IBM Institute of Business Value
Environmental sustainability is no longer just a corporate social responsibility (CSR) issue. Nor is it important only for compliance and reporting purposes. It is, in fact, an imperative in the fullest sense of the word.
Digital technologies—especially exponential ones—make possible many market-based mechanisms that drive change and innovation. In particular, they can support incentive mechanisms for action at a scale and speed that would be impossible through the traditional means of regulations and government intervention.
Environmental Impact Assessment is a process of evaluating the likely environmental impacts of a proposed project or development, taking into account inter-related socio-economic, cultural and human-health impacts, both beneficial and adverse.
Online Training Resource for Climate Adaptation: Evaluation Techniques- Avoid...Deborah Davies
Avoiding Maladaptation
This module provides a more detailed look at the issue of maladaptation and includes the following:
The links and conflicts between mitigation and adaptation
Adaptation and sustainable development
How to identify and avoid maladaptation
The potential for mal-mitigation
An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is an assessment of the possible positive or negative impact that a proposed project may have on the environment, considering natural, Social and Economic aspects.
Environmental impact assessment methodology by Dr. I.M. Mishra Professor, Dep...Arvind Kumar
Environmental impact assessment methodology by Dr. I.M. Mishra Professor, Dept. of Chemical Engineering Dean, Saharanpur Campus Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee
Since the inception of EIA, there have been a worldwide adoption of the idea. However, its practice varies from country to country. This is a review of the practice of EIA, focusing on the similarities and differences that exist globally.
This is the first of three videos on Environmental Governance in China, illustrating how China became a global leader in Environmental Governance in record time.
PART1: China’s Environmental Regulatory Framework and Enforcement from 2015 till 2020
PART2: Digitisation of Operational & Supply Chain Risk Management: see the future today
PART3: Green Manufacturing and Circular Economy - growing GDP from transformation
In the last video I will explain how countries can use this as a fast-track out of Covid19.
European Risk Management Seminar 2018 - Sustainability ReportFERMA
FERMA’s aim in focussing on sustainability in our 2018 European Risk Management Seminar and in publishing this report is to strengthen the risk manager in ensuring the sustainability of our organisations and ultimately our societies.
Sustainability has always been at the heart of the role of the risk manager, so that their organisations are resilient to shocks and can continue to fulfil their objectives. In the 21st century, that vision has widened, because companies are increasingly asked to be good corporate citizens and to play a part in our overall adaptation to climate change.
European risk management sustainability seminar reportFERMA
Sustainability has always been at the heart of the role of the risk manager, so that their organisations are resilient to shocks and can continue to fulfil their objectives. In the 21st century, that vision has widened, because companies are increasingly asked to be good corporate citizens and to play a part in our overall adaptation to climate change.
European Risk managers have helped maintain the continuity of their organisations during the pandemic crisis. They have participated in task forces and crisis units, promoted communication, supported new working practices, pursued insurance recoveries where possible and begun work on recovery, according to a survey published by the Federation of European Risk Management Associations (FERMA): https://www.ferma.eu/publication/covid-19-ferma-survey-shows-risk-managers-contributions-to-response-and-resilience/
Six growing trends in corporate sustainability 2013Jaime Sakakibara
Earlier this month Ernst & Young and GreenBiz Group released a new study, entitled ‘2013 Six Growing Trends in Corporate Sustainability.’ Based primarily on a survey of the GreenBiz Intelligence Panel of executives and thought leaders engaged in sustainability, this study reveals that “companies are increasingly connecting the dots between risk management and sustainability by making sustainability issues more prominent on corporate agendas.”
Environmental Liability Directive: FERMA’s views on the Multi-Annual Work Pro...FERMA
On 11 April, the Secretary General of the Federation of European Risk Management Associations (FERMA) Gilbert Canaméras presented FERMA’s views on the future of the European Environmental Liability (ELD) to a public hearing held at the European Parliament.
FERMA welcomes Commission actions to improve ELD implementation The Federation of European Risk Management Associations (FERMA) today welcomes publication by the European Commission of a three-year programme to improve implementation of the European Environmental Liability Directive (ELD). The Multi-Annual rolling Work Programme 2017-2020 is based on the evaluation of the ELD concluded in April 2016 in which FERMA participated.
Business Administration CapstoneBUS499The External Environme.docxjasoninnes20
Business Administration Capstone
BUS499
The External Environment: Opportunities, Threats, Industry Competition, and Competitor Analysis
Welcome to the Business Administration Capstone.
In this lesson we will discuss the external environment: opportunities, threats, industry competition, and competitor analysis.
Please go to the next slide.
Objectives
Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to:
Identify how the six segments of the general environment affects an industry and its firms
Identify the five forces of competition that impacts an industry
Analyze the external environment for opportunities and threats that impact the firm
When you complete this lesson you will be able to:
Identify how the six segments of the general environment affects an industry and its firms;
Identify the five forces of competition; and
Analyze the external environment for opportunities and threats that impact the firm.
Please go to the next slide.
Supporting Topics
The General, Industry, and Competitive Environments
External Environment Analysis
Segments of the General Environment
Industry Environment Analysis
Interpreting Industry Analysis
Strategic Groups
Competitor Analysis
Ethical Considerations
In order to achieve this objective, the following supporting topics will be covered:
The general, industry, and competitive environments;
External environment analysis;
Segments of the general environment;
Industry environment analysis;
Interpreting industry analysis;
Strategic groups;
Competitor analysis; and
Ethical considerations.
Please go to the next slide.
General, Industry, and Competitor Environments
Six Dimensions of Environmental Segments
An integrated understanding of the external and internal environments is essential for firms to understand the present and predict the future. As shown on the figure on the slide, a firm’s external environment is divided into three major categories: the general, industry, and competitor environments.
The general environment is composed of dimensions in the broader society that influence an industry and the firms within it. We group these dimensions into six environmental segments:
Demographic;
Economic;
Political/legal;
Sociocultural;
Technological, and
Global.
The industry environment is the set of factors that directly influences a firm and its competitive actions and competitive responses:
The threat of new entrants;
The power of suppliers;
The power of buyers;
The threat of product substitutes; and
The intensity of rivalry among competitors.
How companies gather and interpret information about their competitors is called competitor analysis. Understanding the firm’s competitor environment complements the insights provided by studying the general and industry environments.
Please go to the next slide.
External Environmental Analysis
Opportunities
Threats
Scanning
Monitoring
Forecasting
Assessing
Most firms face external environments that are highly turbulent, comp ...
The European Union Environmental Liability DirectiveGraeme Cross
The Environmental Liability Directive (2004/35/EC) is
a legislative act of the European Union creating new
and significant potential liabilities for costs, damages
and losses for operators and companies regulated
by the ELD. All EU members have now adopted the
ELD into their national laws, making compliance
unavoidable for companies operating in EU member
states regardless of where they are headquartered.
The role of risk management in corporate resilienceFERMA
The report presents the views of risk and insurance professionals and senior executives about a post-pandemic view of resilience management in their organisations across sectors globally in the summer of 2021.
FERMA contribution to the French Presidency agendaFERMA
FERMA thought paper highlights the links between its work and the priorities of the French Presidency in three key areas :
Economic recovery (systemic risks and risk transfer, including captives)
Digital issues (cyber risks and cyber insurance)
Ecological transition (sustainability and insurability)
For each of these categories, FERMA presents the challenges faced by European businesses, explains how risk management contributes to the ambitions of the French Presidency and asks European policymakers for specific measures during this period.
Webinar: the role of risk management in corporate resilience FERMA
FERMA and McKinsey will present the findings of our survey into resilience and risk management. The objective is to give risk and insurance professionals a richer understanding of resilience in a strategic and practical way. Two leading risk managers will discuss the results of our survey and will reflect more broadly on the link between risk and resilience. By the end of the webinar, you will be well versed in resilience from an enterprise risk management perspective.
People, Planet & Performance: sustainability guide for risk and insurance man...FERMA
On 31 March, FERMA releases the first guide specifically for European risk managers on sustainability risks.
People, planet, performance – The contribution of Enterprise Risk Management to Sustainability provides practical guidance on incorporating sustainability goals into enterprise-wide risk management.
Collaboration of the Year Award winner 2020: Pim Moerman and Rob van den Eijn...FERMA
Philips Global Resilience Platform: Breaking down silo approach of departments by collaborating in multidomain platform making our company more resilient
Argo Group: entry for emerging risk initiative of the year Award 2020FERMA
Adam Seager, Chief Risk Officer of Argo Group demonstrates the context, challenges and solutions he put in place for Agor Group during the time of crisis like the Covid19 pandemic.
George Ong, Chief Risk Officer, Northern Ireland WaterFERMA
Nominations for the Public Sector Risk Manager of the Year for the European Risk Management Awards 2020.
George Ong is the Chief Risk Officer for Northern Ireland Water (NIW), a Government Owned Company (GoCo). George joined the business in 2006 with a clear remit of implementing a risk and insurance management system given that the ‘Government Protection’ was to be removed from 1st April 2007. Since then George has worked to adapt, enhance and embed risk management arrangements within NIW, developed partnerships with businesses, communities and institutions to improve resilience for the Company and the community. #euroriskawards
Webinar: Risk management in a global pandemic - Early lessons learned, EU – U...FERMA
FERMA's joint webinar with RIMS on 1 December provided insights into the way risk managers have experienced and dealt with the global pandemic and its consequences.
FERMA and RIMS teamed up to bring you content from both sides of the Atlantic Ocean. The webinar began with a presentation of the results from FERMA’s COVID-19 survey, and then took a Transatlantic view on commonalities and differences.
Speakers:
Athina Pehrman, Group Risk Manager at Electrolux Professional Group, a sustainability leader in the appliance industry
Melanie Steiner, Board Member, US Ecology, Inc. a leading provider of environmental services to commercial and government entities. Former CRO
Typhaine Beaupérin, CEO of FERMA, moderator.
GDPR & corporate Governance, Evaluation after 2 years implementationFERMA
FERMA’s live joint webinar with ECIIA on Monday 28 September gathered more than 300 participants
The objective of this joint webinar was to take stock of where we stand after 2 years of GDPR implementation and the practical consequences on businesses. For this, FERMA and ECIIA (European Confederation of Institutes of Internal Auditing) invited the following speakers:
- Olivier Micol, Head of Data Protection Unit at the European Commission, Directorate-General for Justice. He highlighted key elements of the recent GDPR evaluation report of the European Commission, shared the latest data and feedback from companies and civil society. He also gave an overview of future planned initiatives.
- Jérôme Avot, Group Risk Officer and Data Protection Officer at Faurecia, a global leader in automotive technology.”The GDPR served as a common thread from the start to the end of the project. We feel we have turned what might have been perceived as a constraint into an opportunity. “
- Ralf Herold, Senior Vice President, Corporate Audit BASF, a leading chemical company. He is an expert in GDPR as Germany was a pioneer in this piece of legislation.
Jérôme Avot and Ralf Herold shared their experience as a Risk Manager and DPO and as an Internal Auditor by exchanging on the changes that the GDPR involved within their companies.
https://www.ferma.eu/webinar-replay-gdpr-corporate-governance-evaluation-after-2-years-implementation/
The European risk manager report 2020: webinar presentationFERMA
This 2020 edition is the opportunity to deepen four challenges that the Risk Manager is facing today:
his growing role in digital transformation
his contribution to sustainability
tougher insurance market conditions
education and skills evolution
The objective of this report is to launch the discussion on the new challenges posed by the European transition to climate neutrality and digital leadership for Risk Managers. How are the roles and responsibilities of European Risk Managers evolving in the face of this new reality? Are Risk Managers equipped to support their organizations in achieving this double transformation?
Our live webinar was scheduled on Monday 29 June 2020: risk managers from different backgrounds shared their experiences on the below themes and reacted to the results of the survey, in particular before and after the Covid-19 crisis.
The speakers were:
Adriana Cavaliere : Corporate Risk Manager at Skeyes, Belgium
Oliver Wild: Group Chief Risk, Insurance and Internal Control Coordination Officer at Veolia, France
Charlotte Hedemark: Chairman of the 2020 FERMA Survey Committee and Board Member of FERMA
Françoise Bergé: PwC Partner
FERMA European Risk Manager Report 2020: full set of results FERMA
This 2020 edition is the opportunity to deepen four challenges that the Risk Manager is facing today:
his growing role in digital transformation
his contribution to sustainability
tougher insurance market conditions
education and skills evolution
The objective of this report is to launch the discussion on the new challenges posed by the European transition to climate neutrality and digital leadership for Risk Managers. How are the roles and responsibilities of European Risk Managers evolving in the face of this new reality? Are Risk Managers equipped to support their organizations in achieving this double transformation?
Webinar: Why risk managers should look at Artificial Intelligence now?FERMA
Risk Managers can be key actors in highlighting to the organisation leadership the opportunities and challenges of AI technologies
On 19 May, the objective of this webinar was to discuss:
How AI can be implemented into the risk management practices?
Which opportunities is AI creating for better risk management?
What are the highlights of the European Commission’s risk-based approach to Artificial Intelligence?
Speakers were:
Philippe Cotelle, Head of Insurance Risk Management at Airbus Defence and Space and FERMA Board member, will highlight the key findings from FERMA’s report on “AI applied to Risk Management”.
Irina Orssich and Eric Badiqué are both working for the European Commission as Team leader and Adviser for Artificial Intelligence in the Unit for Technologies and Systems for Digitising Industry. They will present the Commission’s White Paper on AI and the other EU initiatives which aim at strengthening the EU legal framework regarding AI applications, especially in the field of privacy.
GDPR & corporate governance: the role of risk management and internal audit o...FERMA
The webinar discussed the full results and recommendations of a joint project between FERMA and the European Confederation of Institutes of Internal Auditing (ECIIA), to assess how the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) impacted our professions, one year after its enforcement. This webinar helped to know:
- To which extent the risk manager and the internal auditor are involved in the GDPR corporate implementation
- How GDPR has affected the interactions between risk management, internal audit and Data Protection Officer (DPO)
- What are the best practices and recommendations to embed personal data protection in the risk and audit governance of your organisation
After one year of GDPR implementation, FERMA and ECIIA sent in May a common basis of five questions to their risk and internal audit members.
The objectives were to:
- Evaluate the roles of the risk management and internal audit functions regarding the GDPR and personal data related risks
- Provide a unique insight into the implementation of the GDPR by companies to the European policymakers
GDPR & corporate governance: The Role of Internal Audit and Risk Management O...FERMA
This paper is a collaboration between FERMA and the European Confederation of Internal Audit Institutes ECIIA and focuses on the impacts of the GDPR on corporate governance practices in the year following its implementation. Most specifically, it looks at the roles played by internal audit departments and risk management functions.
Ferma report: Artificial Intelligence applied to Risk Management FERMA
FERMA brought together a group of experts from within and beyond the risk management community to develop the first thought paper about AI applied to risk management.
Their aim was to perform an initial assessment of the potential value of AI to improve enterprise risk management (ERM), and second, to understand how risk managers can be key actors in highlighting to the organisation leadership the opportunities and challenges of AI technologies.
The working group expects that corporate risk management will benefit from AI in several areas. “From its ability to process large amounts of data to the automation of certain risk management repetitive and burdensome steps, AI could allow risk managers to respond faster to new and emerging exposures. By acting in real time and with some predictive capabilities, risk management could reach a new level in supporting better decision making for senior management.”
This paper aims to guide risk managers on applying AI from a basic understanding to developing their own strategy on the implementation of AI. It includes an action guide and a template for risk managers to develop their own AI risk management roadmap.
Webinar: how risk management can contribute to sustainable growth?FERMA
This webinar will help risk management and sustainability practitioners apply enterprise risk management (ERM) concepts and processes to environmental, social and governance-related risks (ESG)
FERMA Webinar: At the Junction of Corporate Governance and Cyber SecurityFERMA
The recommendation for a cyber risk governance model came in a report published 29 June 2018 by the Federation of European Risk Management Associations (FERMA) and the European Confederation of Institutes of Internal Auditing (ECIIA).
FERMA and ECIIA presented their report at a high-level event at the European Parliament with representatives of the EU institutions, the World Economic Forum, risk and audit practitioners from European businesses, and other European stakeholders.
The report, At the junction of corporate governance and cybersecurity, aims primarily at supporting European organisations in meeting their obligations under the EU General Data Protection Regulation and Network Information Security Directive. Recent cyber attacks, however, increased concerns on what the risk experts see as a wider lack of focus on risk governance in cyber security.
More information here:
https://www.ferma.eu/ferma-webinar-junction-corporate-governance-and-cyber-security?type=events
What will you learn from this presentation?
- Compare and assess your own governance of cyber risks against the proposed cyber risk governance model
- Know where you stand in the evolutionary journey towards cyber resilience: reactive, proactive, predictive...
- Define the key stakeholders for cyber security and conditions for success
- Find mechanisms that help leadership determine effective and efficient resource allocation
- Plan for the next move to improve your cyber risk governance
Risk Manager, a career central to corporate strategy
The job of Risk Manager is becoming increasingly cross-disciplinary and digital in response to a fast-changing economic and regulatory environment.
44% of respondents can contact the CEO directly
56% of respondents believe their role is increasingly recognised internally
53% of respondents think that the risk manager is becoming the risk conductor by consolidating risk information to give a clear and comprehensive view to the senior management
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
Pushing the limits of ePRTC: 100ns holdover for 100 daysAdtran
At WSTS 2024, Alon Stern explored the topic of parametric holdover and explained how recent research findings can be implemented in real-world PNT networks to achieve 100 nanoseconds of accuracy for up to 100 days.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
GridMate - End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid...ThomasParaiso2
End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid regressions. In this session, we share our journey building an E2E testing pipeline for GridMate components (LWC and Aura) using Cypress, JSForce, FakerJS…
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
1. A REPORT BY HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW ANALYTIC SERVICES
Environmental
Risk Management
Sponsored by
2. ABOUT ZURICH INSURANCE GROUP
Zurich Insurance Group (Zurich) is a leading multi-line insurance provider with a global
network of subsidiaries and offices in Europe, North America, Latin America, Asia-Pacific,
the Middle East, and other markets. It offers a wide range of general insurance and life
insurance products and services for individuals, small businesses, mid-sized and large
companies, and multinational corporations. Zurich employs about 60,000 people serving
customers in more than 170 countries. Founded in 1872, the group is headquartered in
Zurich, Switzerland.
LEARN MORE: www.zurichcorporateforum.com
ABOUT FERMA
The Federation of European Risk Management Associations (FERMA) brings together
22 national risk management associations in 20 European countries. FERMA has 4,500
individual members representing a wide range of business sectors, from major industrial
and commercial companies to financial institutions and local government bodies. These
members play a crucial role for their organizations with respect to the management and
treatment of complex risks and insurance issues.
ABOUT PRIMO
The Public Risk Management Organisation (PRIMO) was established with the aim of
advancing the knowledge about and use of risk management within the local governmental
sector and the public sector at large in Europe. To achieve this purpose PRIMO Europe will
provide a comprehensive Web library with risk management information, newsletters,
education, and conferences.
PRIMO’s long-term aim is to establish risk management as a natural and integral part of
good public governance. It comprises a pan-European umbrella organization of independent
PRIMO national chapters and other organizations within the public sector from sixteen
European countries, covering 16,000 managers.
3. Environmental
Risk Management
Executive Summary
IN 2010, the last EU member state adopted legislation transposing the Environmental Liability Directive (ELD), meaning that for the first time there is an EU-wide framework for preventing and remedying
SURVEY HIGHLIGHTS
environmental damage. Over half (56%) of respondents to a recent Harvard Business Review Analytic
Services survey said their organization has experienced some or significant impact from the ELD over
the past five years, and almost one-third (31%) said it was instrumental in prompting them to undertake
environmental risk mitigation efforts.
For companies that may be liable for environmental damage, remediation for biodiversity and water
damage comes in three varieties: primary remediation to restore the damaged resources to their baseline
condition; complementary remediation, additional measures companies must take if primary action does
not fully restore damaged resources or provide a similar level of natural resources; and compensatory
remediation, for interim loss of natural resources, pending recovery.
46%
of respondents’ organizations
have implemented an
organization-wide
environmental risk
management program.
At what level of government the ELD is enforced varies geographically depending on, for some member
states, whether they have a federal system.
Companies subject to the ELD are hoping some aspects of the directive will be clarified in the review
scheduled for next year. The Federation of European Risk Management Associations (FERMA) would
like to have more ELD cases collected at the EU level to measure the directive’s impact. FERMA is also
lobbying against efforts to incorporate mandatory insurance coverage in the ELD, as well as a proposal
to establish an EU-wide fund to cover environmental liability and losses resulting from industrial accidents. That said, strengthening environmental risk management in response to the ELD can reduce the
cost associated with operating and responding to environmental events, and helps to maintain a positive
brand image for the company’s stakeholders.
61%
of respondents’ organizations
have implemented a crisis
management/crisis response
plan to respond in the
event of an environmental
emergency.
Adapting successfully to the ELD means taking a proactive approach to environmental risk. This starts
with a facility-by-facility environmental assessment. Sixty percent of organizations have now implemented an environmental risk assessment, and more than half (54%) said they conduct one either annually or biannually.
Companies are affected by third parties’ ELD compliance as well. To minimize uncertainty, they should
make sure all their suppliers are certified under ISO 14001, the international standard setting out criteria
for an environmental management system.
Self-insurance remains the primary tool for covering the costs of environmental damage among European
organizations—56% say they do so through self-insurance. Environmental insurance policies address the
key change in liability introduced by the ELD—expansion to include activities or operations that do not
cause a pollution event but result in environmental damage. Many policies include coverage for loss pre-
56%
of respondents say their
organization’s costs were
impacted by the enactment
and enforcement of the
Environmental Liability Directive (ELD) during the past
five years.
vention costs, which addresses the ELD’s requirement that companies take preventive measures against
an imminent threat to the environment and to prevent further damage.
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT | 1
4. The operating environment has changed, and it has imposed
new responsibilities on operators within Europe.
Close to two-thirds (65%) of survey respondents said their environmental initiatives have a positive or
very positive impact on profitability. By far the most widespread environmental initiatives mentioned in
our survey involve energy and resource conservation (67%), followed by crisis management and response
plans (61%).
However, organizations have difficulty quantifying the impact of environmental risk on their balance
sheets; more than half (55%) said they cannot do so. Many companies lack a full view of their environmental risk profile, in part because their process is separated into silos, while the corporate-wide environmental function is responsible for sustainability and other concerns as well.
Even for larger companies, however, ELD compliance can be difficult. In most countries, accounting standards
do not allow companies to put provision in their balance sheets for environmental liability. The ELD complicates matters further with its distinction between primary, complementary, and compensatory remediation.
Awareness of and detailed knowledge about the ELD itself varies greatly among companies operating in
Europe. Less than half (40%) said they are knowledgeable or very knowledgeable about the ELD. While
larger companies tend to have a good knowledge of the ELD, many small to medium-sized enterprises
do not, and they have done less to implement or update their environmental risk management systems.
However, given that the ELD was only fully transposed into national law in the EU three years ago, adjusting to the new regime is still a work in progress—and many companies are making progress.
The Environmental Liability Directive and Its Impact
European companies—and companies operating in Europe—entered a new era in environmental risk
management in 2010, when the last EU member state adopted legislation transposing the EU’s ELD. The
ELD—properly titled Directive 2004/35/EC of the European Parliament and the Council of 21 April 2004
on environmental liability with regard to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage—for
the first time established an EU-wide framework for preventing and remedying environmental damage,
based on the “polluter pays” principle. What it did not do was to simplify adherence to environmental
laws and regulations, or do away with legal uncertainties in the environmental field. The ELD is the
subject of ongoing reviews, including one next year, and enabling legislation differs in important ways
from country to country.
Not surprisingly, a recent survey by Harvard Business Review Analytic Services found that companies’
concerns about risk created by environmental laws and regulations have increased in the period since
the ELD became broadly effective. Sixty percent of respondents said they believe environmental risks are
important or extremely important to their company’s success or failure.
Over half of survey respondents (56%) said their organization has experienced some impact or a significant impact from the ELD over the past five years, and almost one-third (31%) said it was instrumental
in prompting them to undertake environmental risk mitigation efforts, while more than half (52%) have
obtained an insurance policy or other financial security against environmental liabilities as a result. figure 1
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5. Figure 1
Impact of the Environmental Liability Directive
QUESTION: TO WHAT EXTENT HAS ENACTMENT AND ENFORCEMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL LIABILITY
DIRECTIVE (ELD) IMPACTED YOUR ORGANIZATION’S COSTS DURING THE PAST FIVE YEARS?
22%
No impact
53%
Some impact
Significant impact
3%
Don’t know
22%
Christopher Robertson, head of environmental insurance (Global Corporate in Europe) at Zurich Insurance Company, at a June 2013 Harvard Business Review webinar stated, “The operating environment has
changed, and it has imposed new responsibilities on operators within Europe. There are certainly some
challenges in preparing for this new risk landscape.”
Those challenges are already translating into costs for companies that have not yet caught up with the
new rules. Forty percent of survey respondents said they have had to pay the cost of risk identification,
assessment, and compliance with environmental laws during the past five years, for example, while a
substantial number of groups have also paid for cleanup from pollutants (28%); costs to manage and mitigate risks, including insurance premiums (25%); third-party losses and claims (23%); and costs from regulatory requirements in geographic areas they had expanded into (21%).
The costs are only going up, organizations believe. More than half of respondents (56%) said that environmental rules in the countries where they operate have become more onerous in the past five years, and
an overwhelming 74% said that they expect them to become more so. Europe itself, moreover, was cited
as the region imposing the most onerous environmental laws and regulations, with 51% of respondents
saying EU laws and regulations are stringent or extremely stringent, with North American laws and regulations (35%) following distantly and other regions far behind. This is not expected to change much. Fifty-one percent also said their organization has a high level of concern regarding European environmental
regulations and risks associated with them—far more than for North America, in second place with 34%.
What Does the ELD Actually Do?
While the ELD has been written into all EU member states’ laws for at least the past three years, governments—and businesses—still have some distance to travel on the learning curve. The ELD “is a brand
new directive, and there is a lot of inexperience within administration and local authorities as to even
determining whether pollution or an accident will fall under the ELD or not,” said Pierre Sonigo, secretary
general of FERMA. “From the accidents which have been reported, a lot of them don’t really fall into the
ELD category. They are just standard pollution, which we’ve been aware [of] and known for a long time.”
What, then, does the ELD actually mean for companies? Valerie Fogleman, consultant at Stevens & Bolton
LLP and professor at Cardiff University School of Law, said, “If operators—including companies—know
they are liable for environmental damage—and there are a lot of contaminated sites in the EU—they must
adopt measures and practices to minimize those risks.” Annex 3 of the directive, for example, includes
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT | 3
6. Corporate boards, in particular, have good reason to make
adaptation to the ELD a priority, because they can be held
liable in case of a major environmental catastrophe.
industrial emissions. Operators that fall under Annex 3 “are strictly liable for preventing or remediating an imminent threat of environmental damage as well as actual environmental damage for all natural
resources—protected species and natural habitats, water, and land.”
If there is an imminent threat, and the operator’s measures don’t dispel it, the operator must notify the
“competent authorities without delay,” said Fogleman. If an actual instance of environmental damage
takes place, the operator must take short-term emergency action, then take long-term remedial measures—including for damage to nearby sites as well as their own.
Remediation for water and protected species and natural habitats comes in three varieties: primary remediation to restore the damaged resources to their baseline condition; complementary remediation, additional measures companies must take if primary remediation does not fully restore damaged resources
or provide a similar level of natural resources; and compensatory remediation, for interim loss of natural
resources, pending recovery. The degree of liability companies can face is not uniform across the EU,
either. While most EU countries apply joint and several liability under the ELD, for example, countries
such as France and Italy apply proportional liability.
At what level of government the ELD is enforced varies geographically as well, depending for some
member states on whether they have a federal system. In this respect, EU states have some flexibility as to how far liability under the ELD extends, with some applying it to nationally as well as EUprotected species and natural habitats. “Poland has over 400 cases,” noted Fogleman, while “other member states—the Netherlands and the UK, for example—have said they’re not gold-plating the directive,
they’re coming out with a bare minimum.”
Likewise, six member states have adopted legislation to impose mandatory financial security on companies, meaning that they must provide evidence of a secure source of funding for a specific risk. Fogleman
noted that the member states are Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Greece, Portugal, Slovakia, and Spain,
although the legislation is not implemented in some of them as of yet.
Companies subject to the ELD and the new legal and regulatory regime it ushered in are hoping some
aspects of the directive will be clarified in the review scheduled for next year. “We would like to have more
ELD cases collected at the EU level to really measure the impact,” said Sonigo. “We should work on getting
a better definition of the ELD concept of the threshold for ‘significant environmental damage,’ and how
compensatory and complementary damages are to be calculated. How do I define a baseline? When are we
going to be held liable, and when not? And we would like to have better cooperation between the member
states, which is not really the case right now. It’s time to consolidate—not to introduce new changes.”
FERMA is also opposing efforts to incorporate mandatory insurance coverage in the ELD, as well as a proposal to establish an EU-wide fund to cover environmental liability and losses resulting from industrial
accidents. “We think that it’s really another tax which could be imposed on the industry that would make
it less competitive,” Sonigo argued.
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7. What Do Risk Managers Need to Do?
Corporate boards, in particular, have good reason to make adaptation to the ELD a priority, Sonigo noted,
“because they can be held liable in case of a major environmental catastrophe. And I think most of the
boards now in the risk community put environmental risk at the top of their priority list.”
Adapting to the new regulatory landscape starts with knowing better your company’s liabilities and
potential liabilities. “To properly assess damage to biodiversity—which is the new thing that the ELD
demands—you have to do a proper environmental impact study for each of your facilities,” noted Sonigo.
Sixty percent of organizations have now implemented an environmental risk assessment, and more than
half (54%) said they conduct one either annually or biannually. figures 2 and 3
The next step, said Robertson, is for the organization to prioritize the risk management measures it needs
“in the event of an environmental incident. Each company has a different process or matrix to help prioritize these risks, which may include considerations such as cost, the resources required to implement
them, and the time required, as well.” Steps should include “assessing compliance with environmental
laws, regulations, and permits to identify violations—or potential for violations; preventing pollution and
Figure 2
Environmental Risk Assessment Implementation
QUESTION: HAS YOUR ORGANIZATION IMPLEMENTED AN ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT?
60%
Yes
33%
No
Don’t know
7%
Figure 3
Frequency of Environmental Risk Assessment
QUESTION: HOW OFTEN IS YOUR ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT CARRIED OUT?
46%
Annually
Biannually
Every 3 to 5 years
8%
23%
Irregularly
12%
Don’t know
12%
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT | 5
8. SPECIFIC STEPS COMPANIES HAVE TAKEN SINCE THE ELD WAS ISSUED (FILL-IN SURVEY RESPONSES):
n
n
Review of impact on variety of sites owned and/or rented
F
ire water containment considerations, crisis management plans, environmental incident checklist,
and annual checking of underground tank near habitats
n
E
nvironmental impact assessments at all locations
n
G
lobal EIL insurance
n
R
oad shows and workshops
n
n
n
n
R
eviewed our environmental policy, sought support from contractors, and incorporated the review into
all development projects
W
ritten specific insurance terms for corporate clients to cover the ELD risk
G
lobal insurance program; separate departments for environmental loss prevention and for
historical pollution
N
ew insurance and a responsible person appointed to observe effects
environmental damage, which may include installing or upgrading secondary containment measures;
updating policies and procedures to reduce the risk of loss; training of employees; and potential capital
expenditures to upgrade equipment.”
A good risk management plan, Robertson said, “will also lay out a plan to respond when the unforeseen
occurs and there is an imminent threat of pollution or environmental damage.” Since the onus is on the
operator, “it will also be important to have the necessary response to effect a cleanup or remediation over
a longer period. And it’s important as well to manage the different stakeholders that are at risk. For a plant
manager, this might include informing the risk manager or other direct reports, informing the appropriate
regulatory agencies when required, as well as potentially responding to environmental incidents when
they occur.”
The company’s action plan “cannot sit passively on the shelf,” Robertson added. “It requires ongoing
monitoring through your network to ensure that you’re prepared in the event of the unforeseen. For
example, if a manufacturer sees an opportunity to increase production or start producing a new line of
products, this may mean larger quantities of raw materials, which may require increased fire protection,
increased secondary containment measures, or training of those handling the materials.”
Survey respondents detailed a variety of other measures they have taken in response to the ELD, ranging from writing new coverage into their insurance and taking out new environmental liability policies
to reviewing the organization’s overall environmental policy, reviewing the impact on physical sites, and
stepping up efforts to protect habitats during development projects. One respondent noted that the organization holds internal road shows and workshops. Another enumerated a menu of actions: “think, inventory, think again on the most possible scenario, value, plan/prioritize—and convince the board to act.”
One thing companies can do to minimize uncertainty, Sonigo suggested, is to make sure all their suppliers are certified under ISO 14001, the international standard setting out criteria for an environmental
management system. “This will ensure you that they have done a proper risk analysis and that all their
environment risks have really been taken care of,” he said. “That doesn’t mean that there is zero risk, but
it will really tell you that they have an environmental approach which is satisfactory.”
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9. The current slow economic recovery compounds the challenge of bringing companies’ practices into conformity with the ELD and the various national laws and regulations, Robertson noted. Risk managers and
environmental officers must “juggle the objectives and demands of the various stakeholders, including
regulators, enforcement agencies, shareholders, and the boards of directors, all of this in a somewhat
challenging economic environment where balance sheets may be stressed, companies may be struggling
to find ways to grow, and resources are scarce.”
Updating Risk Management for the ELD Era
Organizations have difficulty quantifying the impact of environmental risk on their balance sheets—more
than half (55%) said they cannot do so. Indeed, more than two-thirds (69%) cited difficulty measuring
the impact of environmental risks on profitability and value creation as the greatest obstacle they face
in implementing an organization-wide environmental risk strategy—the largest of any category. Troublingly, more than one in four (28%) said there is a lack of incentives for key individuals within the organization to push for an organization-wide strategy. There are indications, however, that proper measuring
of environmental risk impact on profitability is being looked at in some countries. France and Spain have
started to develop their own tools that help to quantify environmental risks, and there are indications
that other countries in Europe will do likewise in the future. figure 4
Currently, “most companies are really operating in silos when managing environmental risk,” said Sonigo.
Often, an environmental director is responsible for environmental issues as well as sustainability and
other things. And next to it is the risk management department, which most of the time handles the insurance. Those two departments don’t talk to each other very often, and they don’t work very well together.
My recommendation would be to break the silos—to have real enterprise-wide risk management, where
environmental risk and all the types of risk are handled by one single department.”
Figure 4
Obstacles to Implementing Environmental Risk Strategy
QUESTION: WHAT DO YOU CONSIDER TO BE THE GREATEST OBSTACLES TO IMPLEMENTING AN
ORGANIZATION-WIDE ENVIRONMENTAL RISK STRATEGY?
69%
Difficulty measuring impact on profitability
and value creation
38%
Other competing priorities
Lack of incentives for key individuals within
organization
28%
14%
Internal opposition
Pushback from customers
Pushback from suppliers
Other
8%
6%
2%
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT | 7
10. This is easier when top management is actively involved. Said Robertson, “In order to break down those
silos, it’s helpful to get buy-in for environmental risk management from the top down, and to have a risk
management function that has more involvement with insurance, participating in a cross-functional group.”
What sorts of environmental initiatives are European companies carrying out? By far the most widespread involve energy and resource conservation (67%), followed by crisis management and response
plans (61%). But substantial numbers are also devoting effort to improving their understanding of and
ability to manage environmental risks. Almost half (46%) are implementing an organization-wide program and/or creating a risk-reduction plan that prioritizes environmental risks, while 44% are conducting
an environmental baseline study. figure 5
Survey respondents largely believe their efforts are good for the company more generally, not just as a
way to reduce regulatory risk. Close to two-thirds (65%) of respondents said their environmental initiatives have a positive or very positive impact on profitability. Overwhelmingly (87%), respondents also
described the resources their organization commits to environmental sustainability and risk management as ample (12%) or adequate (75%). And while more than two-thirds (67%) of companies said the
level of resources devoted to environmental sustainability and risk management has remained the same,
the identical percentage expects the level of commitment within their organization to increase either
somewhat or significantly over the next five years.
Figure 5
Initiatives That Have Been Implemented
QUESTION: WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING INITIATIVES HAS YOUR ORGANIZATION IMPLEMENTED?
67%
Strategies for energy and resource conservation in its offices
and other facilities
61%
Crisis management/crisis response plan to respond in the
event of an environmental emergency
Risk-reduction plan that identifies and prioritizes
environmental risks
46%
Organization-wide environmental risk management program
46%
Prioritizing development of new, green products and services
45%
Prioritizing modification of existing product and service offers
along environmentally friendly lines
45%
Media initiatives to highlight the organization’s green
initiatives
44%
Environmental baseline study to document conditions at your
site with respect to the environmental liability directive
44%
Initiatives to replace dependency on scarce and
“dirty” resources with clean and sustainable resources
24%
Recruitment initiatives to attract young talent that
desires to work for an environmentally friendly organization
Shareholder initiatives designed to attract investors who favor
companies that follow environmentally friendly policies
Financial incentives for C-suite and/or
management-level personnel
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20%
17%
8%
11. Funding Environmental Risk Management
Self-insurance remains the primary tool for covering the costs of environmental damage among European
organizations—56% of respondents said they do so through self-insurance. However, companies’
insurance-buying strategies vary greatly. Survey respondents came from a variety of industries including
accounting, banking, business services, media, energy, telecoms, industrial manufacturing, and
engineering. As such, they represent both organizations that generally incur minimal environmental
liabilities, and also those that typically are much more vulnerable or have a greater environmental
risk. Accordingly, some respondents plan ahead through self-funding, insurance, or factoring potential
remediation into the budgets for their capital projects. Others anticipate no problems or expect to cover
whatever costs arise out of their operating budgets.
Essentially one-fifth (20%) feel that the ELD’s expansion of environmental damage to include protected
species and habitats creates a real or potential threat to their organization. It is notable that more than
one-quarter (28%) said they did not know whether this expansion poses a threat. Although directional,
about half—52%—of survey respondents said the ELD was instrumental in prompting them to obtain
financial security against environmental liability, including bonds, escrow accounts, and insurance policies. When respondents were asked to describe specific steps they have taken since the ELD was issued,
one of the most frequent answers was that they have purchased additional Environmental Impairment
Liability (EIL) insurance (other steps included more active protection of habitats around their sites during
development, assessment of known and potential liabilities, and informational road shows and workshops).
These differences reflect the strategic decisions companies have to make in determining how to manage
environmental risk. Asked Sonigo, “Are you going to be covered on occurrence or on the claims-reported
or claims-made basis? This is very important, as is the policy period. From my experience, in the case of
an environmental and ELD risk, damage to diversity can take sometimes ten to fifteen years before the
case is considered settled. Is your insurer going to be available to pay for this loss for such a long period?”
“Partnering with an insurer can be a valuable tool to demonstrate to your stakeholders that you have a
backup plan to protect your balance sheet in case your existing measures go awry,” said Robertson, “to
transfer the cost of environmental damage or pollution events, and to ease the process of mergers or
acquisitions or divestitures. It also helps to provide additional support and expertise for pre-loss planning,
to help assess and mitigate your exposures, and evaluate the hazards faced by your business.” Robertson
added, “Many deals have gone sour because of the inability to reconcile the risk-reward relationship
during an acquisition where there is concern about unknown historical environmental liabilities.”
Currently available general liability policies already contain some protections against environmental loss,
Robertson noted. However, “they are normally limited to claims for environmental losses to third parties
for damages, such as bodily injury or property damage. They respond to pollution events, and not typically to environmental damage as broadly defined within the ELD. And coverage is limited to pollution
events that occur on a sudden, unexpected, and unintended basis. In addition, certain exclusions apply
for owned damages or damages to the insured’s property—which would preclude coverage for cleanup
costs on the insured’s location.”
The good news is that within the market for specific environmental insurance, “there’s certainly more
capacity and appetite than ever,” Robertson said. In addition, companies who self-insure risk through the
formation of a captive insurance company may wish to consider including EIL coverage within the captive. New environmental policies address the key change in liability introduced by the ELD—expansion
to include activities or operations that do not cause a pollution event but also result in environmental
damage. They also do so by covering not just primary remediation but compensatory and complementary remediation. Policies now will often provide coverage for Loss Prevention Costs to mitigate an actual
or imminent threat to human health or the environment. “As the ELD imposes responsibilities to take
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT | 9
12. preventative measures, to mitigate an imminent threat of environmental damage, and to prevent actual
environmental damages,” Robertson noted, “policies often provide an element of loss prevention costs
and emergency response costs.”
Many policies include coverage for loss prevention costs, which addresses the ELD’s requirement that
companies take preventive measures against an imminent threat to the environment. They also provide
extensions and optional coverage for transportation loss, business interruption, contractors’ operations
and losses arising from the insured’s operations away from their own premises.
Looking Ahead
“Environmental risk management is really a balancing risk act,” said Robertson. “Strong risk management
creates a positive operating environment for companies, minimizing or eliminating damage to the environment, or to neighbors. It also reduces the cost associated with operating and responding to environmental events, and will help to maintain a positive brand image for the various stakeholders.”
Not surprisingly, oversight of environmental risk at European organizations is focusing itself in the C-suite.
Some degree of reporting of environmental risks to top management is now nearly universal, with almost
two-thirds (62%) of respondents saying this is done regularly, while another 34% said it is done ad hoc.
Awareness of and detailed knowledge about the ELD itself varies greatly among companies operating in
Europe. Less than one-fourth (22%) said they are knowledgeable or very knowledgeable about the ELD.
Almost two-thirds (62%) said they are getting information about the directive from in-house or outside
counsel. But respondents also mentioned a wide variety of sources helping them to learn about the initiative: insurance brokers, insurers, trade associations, FERMA and other professional associations, and
media and the Internet, among others. figure 6
“The larger companies seem to have a very good knowledge of the ELD,” noted Fogleman. “But what we
found in studies that I carried out with BIO Intelligence Service, a French consultancy, is that quite a few
of the SMEs [small to medium-sized enterprises] have not heard of the ELD. And so they’ve basically done
nothing, really, to change the environmental management systems, if any exist, at their company.”
Figure 6
Sources of ELD Information
QUESTION: FROM WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SOURCES DID YOU ACCESS INFORMATION ABOUT THE ELD?
42%
Press/media
32%
Internal departments (e.g., in-house lawyers)
30%
Law firms/consulting firms
Other (e.g., FERMA, insurance brokers/liability
insurers, EU Internet pages, trade associations)
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16%
13. Strong risk management creates a positive operating
environment for companies, minimizing or eliminating damage
to the environment or to neighbors.
Yet obtaining some idea of the impact of environmental risk on profitability and value creation is becoming increasingly imperative. “External auditors are more and more questioning companies on how much
provision they should have, even on small incidents,” noted Sonigo. “So companies are working on
potential scenarios and trying to evaluate what is the maximum foreseeable loss that they can have.
This is important even for knowing how much of a coverage limit you should buy, for example, on the
insurance side.”
Yet, “In most countries, accounting standards don’t allow companies to really put in their balance sheet
any provisions for environmental risk unless those risks have been realized. And the ELD does not make
it simple,” in part because of such complexities as the distinction between primary, complementary and
compensatory remediation. “The risk manager and the environmental manager should work with the
accountants in order to establish those provisions,” Sonigo recommended, although he expects that
“accounting standards will move in the future to allow also for potential risks as well as not known risks.”
The uncertainty even embraces the ability of companies to add in the value of their insurance coverage. “There is no way that [companies] can include the insurance coverage in the calculation of those
provisions,” said Sonigo, “because there is still uncertainty under accounting standards and uncertainty
whether the insurance policy will apply or not to those provisions.”
Robertson remains hopeful, however. “We’re largely three to six years” into the process of institutionalizing the ELD across Europe, he noted. “So we’re not that far in, and I think it will take some time. There is
some good work going on—we just need to continue with that.” u
ENVIRONMENTAL RISK MANAGEMENT | 11
14. APPENDIX
Who Participated in the Survey
A total of eighty-nine respondents from the FERMA membership participated in the environmental risk
management survey. The survey audience represents a wide variety of industries. While nearly one in five
(19%) came from banking, securities, financial services, insurance, or real estate, and 14% from energy,
petrochemicals, mining, and utilities, the bulk are distributed much more broadly, in fields ranging from
business services to hospitality to consumer manufacturing to media. Only 11% are from government,
education, or nonprofit. More than one-third (36%), however, are from industries that could be regarded as
highly exposed to environmental liabilities: energy; engineering, construction, and architecture; healthcare
and medical services; pharmaceutical and medical devices; and industrial manufacturing.
Organizations represented in the survey are predominantly large—72% employing 1,000 or more and 41%
employing 5,000 or more persons. Likewise, over half (52%) of the organizations reported US$1 billion or
more in sales or revenues in 2011. Organizations represented are also heavily multinational in their reach,
with almost two-thirds (65%) having a physical presence in more than one country and 42% in 11 or more.
Almost half of respondents themselves are either involved in these decisions in an official capacity (41%)
or directly responsible for decisions regarding environmental risk management at their organization (7%).
Sixty percent of respondents are CROs or risk managers, while only 8% are other C-suite or board members.
Others include departmental and business unit heads or other managers, consultants, and other executives.
Likewise, almost half (46%) named risk management as their department or function; together with finance,
these represent almost two-thirds (63%) of the total.
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| A HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW ANALYTIC SERVICES REPORT
15.
16. FOR MORE INFORMATION ON
HARVARD BUSINESS REVIEW ANALYTIC SERVICES:
hbr.org/hbr-analytic-services