This document summarizes a study of the Arenal-Tempisque Watershed in Costa Rica. The watershed contains multiple users from forests and dairy farms in the upper watershed to hydropower generation, irrigation, wetlands, and coastal fisheries. An economic analysis found dairy/cattle farming and irrigation impose large negative externalities, while hydropower and irrigation provide most benefits. Addressing issues like sedimentation, water flows, and pollution could increase net social welfare through stakeholder cooperation. The study highlights tradeoffs between economic activities and environmental impacts in the watershed.
This document provides an overview of investment opportunities in the water sector. It discusses the large and growing global market for water, driven by trends of aging infrastructure, population growth, and regulatory changes. Specific investment opportunities highlighted include water treatment, monitoring technologies, distribution systems, efficiency solutions, and energy generation from water sources. The document also profiles some company examples and lists exchange traded funds and mutual funds with a water focus.
Understanding Reclaimed Water Ld West ConferenceDougyfreshaz
The document discusses reclaimed water and its use. It provides background on reclaimed water including definitions, typical uses, history, statistics on usage, and treatment technologies. It also discusses regulations regarding reclaimed water in various states like California, Nevada, Colorado, and Arizona. The future of reclaimed water depends on changing public perception and supporting increasing population growth.
The Case of the Senegal River Basin (Niasse, Madiodio)Iwl Pcu
Focus of Presentation: <p> – Debates on efficient and sustainable water allocation & management in a transboundary river context<br> – Lessons from the Senegal River Basin experience on reconciling development and conservation imperatives
The document summarizes a project focused on addressing key water and food challenges in the Yellow River Basin in China. The project involves 6 work packages to study water poverty, availability, productivity, and institutions in the basin to identify high-priority interventions. Challenges include data limitations, negotiating water allocations between provinces, and balancing demands between sectors. The goal is to increase water and food security while maintaining environmental sustainability.
Special Protections And Areas Of Special Biological Significance Casqa Powerp...awaltner
The document discusses the ongoing controversy around regulating stormwater discharges to Areas of Special Biological Significance (ASBS) in California. It provides background on the designation of ASBSs in the 1970s, the history of prohibiting "waste" discharges to them, a 2003 inventory that found over 1,600 direct discharges, and recent efforts to issue exceptions allowing certain discharges if special conditions are met. Stakeholders disagree on how to balance protecting natural water quality in ASBSs with the technical and economic feasibility of completely prohibiting stormwater discharges.
Endangered Species Act Panel, Nathan Pence - Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority...TWCA
The document summarizes the endangered species listing process and species to track under the Endangered Species Act in central Texas. It provides details on mussel species in central and east Texas that are undergoing species status assessments and listing decisions. It also lists species in the agency's listing workplans for fiscal years 2020 through 2023, including plants, birds, fish, salamanders and other terrestrial species. The presentation cautions that lack of data on species distributions, life histories, tolerances and population numbers could impact listing decisions. It concludes with lessons learned from California's experience with ESA listings and water projects, emphasizing the need for proactive conservation, science, coordination and public education.
This document provides an overview of investment opportunities in the water sector. It discusses the large and growing global market for water, driven by trends of aging infrastructure, population growth, and regulatory changes. Specific investment opportunities highlighted include water treatment, monitoring technologies, distribution systems, efficiency solutions, and energy generation from water sources. The document also profiles some company examples and lists exchange traded funds and mutual funds with a water focus.
Understanding Reclaimed Water Ld West ConferenceDougyfreshaz
The document discusses reclaimed water and its use. It provides background on reclaimed water including definitions, typical uses, history, statistics on usage, and treatment technologies. It also discusses regulations regarding reclaimed water in various states like California, Nevada, Colorado, and Arizona. The future of reclaimed water depends on changing public perception and supporting increasing population growth.
The Case of the Senegal River Basin (Niasse, Madiodio)Iwl Pcu
Focus of Presentation: <p> – Debates on efficient and sustainable water allocation & management in a transboundary river context<br> – Lessons from the Senegal River Basin experience on reconciling development and conservation imperatives
The document summarizes a project focused on addressing key water and food challenges in the Yellow River Basin in China. The project involves 6 work packages to study water poverty, availability, productivity, and institutions in the basin to identify high-priority interventions. Challenges include data limitations, negotiating water allocations between provinces, and balancing demands between sectors. The goal is to increase water and food security while maintaining environmental sustainability.
Special Protections And Areas Of Special Biological Significance Casqa Powerp...awaltner
The document discusses the ongoing controversy around regulating stormwater discharges to Areas of Special Biological Significance (ASBS) in California. It provides background on the designation of ASBSs in the 1970s, the history of prohibiting "waste" discharges to them, a 2003 inventory that found over 1,600 direct discharges, and recent efforts to issue exceptions allowing certain discharges if special conditions are met. Stakeholders disagree on how to balance protecting natural water quality in ASBSs with the technical and economic feasibility of completely prohibiting stormwater discharges.
Endangered Species Act Panel, Nathan Pence - Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority...TWCA
The document summarizes the endangered species listing process and species to track under the Endangered Species Act in central Texas. It provides details on mussel species in central and east Texas that are undergoing species status assessments and listing decisions. It also lists species in the agency's listing workplans for fiscal years 2020 through 2023, including plants, birds, fish, salamanders and other terrestrial species. The presentation cautions that lack of data on species distributions, life histories, tolerances and population numbers could impact listing decisions. It concludes with lessons learned from California's experience with ESA listings and water projects, emphasizing the need for proactive conservation, science, coordination and public education.
Creating Successful Freshwater Wetlands discusses the loss of wetlands in the US and Ohio, policies around wetland mitigation, and factors that influence the success of wetland creation projects. It notes that over 50% of US wetlands and 90% of Ohio wetlands have been lost. While wetland policy and mitigation has aimed for "no net loss," studies show created wetlands often do not fully replace the functions of natural wetlands for decades. The document examines factors like plant development, soil development, use of reference wetlands, and salvaged soils that can help increase mitigation success over time. It also provides an example of created wetlands at West Creek Reservation in Ohio.
The document discusses various low impact development programs in multiple cities that help manage stormwater and protect water resources through the use of green infrastructure. It provides examples of green roofs, permeable pavement, rainwater harvesting, bioretention swales, and other natural drainage systems that have significantly reduced stormwater runoff volumes and peak flows in cities like Chicago, Portland, Seattle, Toronto, and Vancouver. It also discusses the Anacostia Waterfront Corporation in Washington D.C. that has established comprehensive environmental standards for development projects, including innovative stormwater retention requirements.
GIS Application: Environmental Rescource Inventory for NJ Coastal Boroughkdevine5
The document summarizes an environmental resource inventory (ERI) created by the Oceanport Environmental Commission in GIS format. It includes base maps of Oceanport along with maps of geology, watersheds, land cover, forests, and habitats. It also identifies some proposed projects like a community forest management plan and expanding safe walking paths. The ERI was created using existing data from NJDEP and the county to compile required natural resource information for the municipality's master plan as mandated by law.
The document discusses the EPA's recommendation that the SLRWD use a Limited Alternative Action rather than implement the sewer expansion plan proposed by Mick, Rowland & Associates. The EPA found that septic systems were effectively treating waste when maintained properly and that a centralized sewer system was not needed and could harm the environment and burden homeowners with high costs. Studies by various organizations supported the EPA's conclusion that the lakes were already improving in water quality.
Caribbean; Rainwater, Catch it While You Can: A Handbook on Rainwater Harve...D5Z
This handbook provides guidance on rainwater harvesting systems for the Caribbean region. It discusses the key components of a rainwater harvesting system including the catchment area, conveyance systems, storage, and post-storage filtration. Proper maintenance and vector control are important to prevent contamination. The handbook also addresses non-domestic applications such as municipal, agricultural, commercial and industrial uses of rainwater harvesting. Design considerations are discussed to optimize rainwater capture and storage.
Chad Forcey at the Irrigation Association outlines the current state of water law across the U.S., and what irrigation contractors can do to stay up to date on their local regulatory environment.
This document summarizes the country report on the evaluation of integrated water resources management (IWRM) implementation in Myanmar from 2000 to 2010 with respect to policy, legal, and institutional aspects. It describes Myanmar's national overview, water policies, legislation, institutions, water resources status, investments, challenges, and priorities for the future, which include developing coordinated management structures, improving legal frameworks, increasing stakeholder participation, and investing in watershed protection, irrigation efficiency, and water quality management.
Klingbeil, R., 2011. Water, Scarcity, Climate Change in the Middle East - Some Considerations. Presentation at the BMZ-GIZ-Conference Water and Climate Change in the MENA-Region: Adaptation, Mitigation, and Best Practices. 28-29 April 2011, Berlin, Germany.
This presentation demonstrates the link between energy and water and relies heavily on information from Western Resource Advocates and DOE. It is Colorado focused but also has a national perspective.
Economics of sustainable catch issues, various regulatory measures to enhance fishery productivity.
John A. Dixon
from materials prepared by
J. Vincent, T. Sterner, J.E. Padilla, and
Marian delos Angeles
johnkailua@aol.com
World Bank Institute
The document summarizes the formation and mission of the 1071 Coalition advocacy group, which aims to influence water management policies to maintain healthy water levels in Lake Lanier. It discusses impacts from low water levels, the need for more advocacy, and the Coalition's plans to commission economic impact studies and technical reports to bolster Georgia's position and counter Florida's public relations efforts regarding water allocation and flows. The total projected three-year budget is $700,000.
Managing Transboundary Risks in the Iullemeden Aquifer System (Dodo)Iwl Pcu
The document discusses the transboundary Iullemeden Aquifer System (IAS) shared by Mali, Niger, and Nigeria. It notes key issues facing sustainable management of the system's groundwater resources, including increasing water demand, climate change, land degradation, and lack of cooperation between countries. The project aims to establish capacity for identifying, reducing, and mitigating transboundary risks. It has made progress in developing shared maps and databases, modeling groundwater flow and interactions, and creating consultative mechanisms. Key ongoing challenges include further quantifying and analyzing transboundary risks, addressing lack of data through capacity building, rational joint management of surface and groundwater, and implementing cooperative management frameworks.
Network for Sustainable Hydropower Development for Mekong Region with the support of MRC-GIZ Cooperation Programme from the Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management of Khon Kaen University gave a presentation on Trans-Boundary Issue.
The document discusses the Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA) project. The goals of the project are to implement environmental and socio-economic impact assessments in 66 subregions, and identify linkages between issues affecting transboundary aquatic environments and their causes. The project uses a methodology that includes scoping and scaling priority issues, detailed impact assessments, causal chain analysis, and developing strategic action programs. Key concerns assessed are freshwater shortage, pollution, habitat modification, unsustainable exploitation of resources, and global change.
This document summarizes an Upper Quinault River restoration project. It discusses the scientific background of the river's natural processes and how human impacts have degraded habitat. Specifically, it notes how the removal of large wood from floodplains and the river channel has led to instability. The presentation outlines threats to salmon like loss of side channel habitat and roads in floodplains. It proposes a restoration approach using engineered logjams to reintroduce wood and stabilize the river over 20 years. It highlights an Alder Creek pilot project and proposes securing funding and partnerships to implement the full restoration plan.
The Case of the Senegal River Basin (Niasse, Madiodio)Iwl Pcu
Focus of Presentation: <p> – Debates on efficient and sustainable water allocation & management in a transboundary river context<br> – Lessons from the Senegal River Basin experience on reconciling development and conservation imperatives
The Case of the Senegal River Basin (Niasse, Madiodio)Iwl Pcu
Focus of Presentation: <p> – Debates on efficient and sustainable water allocation & management in a transboundary river context<br> – Lessons from the Senegal River Basin experience on reconciling development and conservation imperatives
This document summarizes an Upper Quinault River restoration project. It discusses the scientific background of the river's natural processes and how human impacts have degraded habitat. Specifically, it notes how the removal of large wood from floodplains and the river channel has led to instability. The presentation outlines threats like loss of side channels and roads in floodplains. It proposes a restoration approach using engineered logjams to reintroduce wood and stabilize the river over 20 years. An Alder Creek pilot project demonstrated success in restoring side channel complexity. Funding strategies and further restoration steps are discussed.
The document discusses benefit sharing in the context of water resource management in the Okavango Basin. It notes that benefit sharing becomes important when water uses become rival and trade-offs must be made. Basin-level planning that considers the comparative advantages of each country can generate more benefits than country-level planning alone. An analysis of water use projections in the Okavango Basin found it difficult to significantly increase overall benefits from water withdrawals alone. Alternative approaches like maintaining ecosystem health while investing in low-impact water and sanitation, hydropower, and irrigation projects may liberate funds for other development and generate more benefits per unit of water used.
CARIBSAVE: A Sectoral Approach to Vulnerability and Resilience. St Lucia Work...intasave-caribsavegroup
The document discusses the CARIBSAVE partnership, which aims to address climate change vulnerabilities in the Caribbean region through a sectoral approach. It notes that tourism is a major contributor to Caribbean economies and is highly vulnerable to climate impacts like rising sea levels and stronger hurricanes. The partnership seeks to enhance resilience and livelihoods by providing research and solutions across key sectors like water, energy, agriculture, health and infrastructure that both climate change and tourism depend on. It also aims to address issues like limited regional data and fragmented work through collaboration across geography and governance.
The document analyzes the proposed River Interlinking Project in India by discussing its potential advantages and disadvantages. It examines claims that interlinking rivers could help with flood control, irrigation, power generation, and navigation. However, it argues that the amounts of water transferred would make little impact on floods and may negatively affect coastal areas. Interlinking is also unlikely to increase agricultural production or solve water conflicts. Overall, the document casts doubt on many of the project's purported benefits and suggests alternatives like rainwater harvesting could achieve water security goals more effectively.
Australian Showcase:Theme 1:Australia and Waterined_v3icidciid
The document discusses water management in Australia, focusing on the Water Act of 2007 and the Murray-Darling Basin Plan. It provides background on Australia's climate and history of water management agreements. It describes the objectives of the Water Act to manage basin water resources through plans and environmental flows. It also discusses government investment programs aimed at improving irrigation efficiency and balancing environmental and consumptive water needs.
Creating Successful Freshwater Wetlands discusses the loss of wetlands in the US and Ohio, policies around wetland mitigation, and factors that influence the success of wetland creation projects. It notes that over 50% of US wetlands and 90% of Ohio wetlands have been lost. While wetland policy and mitigation has aimed for "no net loss," studies show created wetlands often do not fully replace the functions of natural wetlands for decades. The document examines factors like plant development, soil development, use of reference wetlands, and salvaged soils that can help increase mitigation success over time. It also provides an example of created wetlands at West Creek Reservation in Ohio.
The document discusses various low impact development programs in multiple cities that help manage stormwater and protect water resources through the use of green infrastructure. It provides examples of green roofs, permeable pavement, rainwater harvesting, bioretention swales, and other natural drainage systems that have significantly reduced stormwater runoff volumes and peak flows in cities like Chicago, Portland, Seattle, Toronto, and Vancouver. It also discusses the Anacostia Waterfront Corporation in Washington D.C. that has established comprehensive environmental standards for development projects, including innovative stormwater retention requirements.
GIS Application: Environmental Rescource Inventory for NJ Coastal Boroughkdevine5
The document summarizes an environmental resource inventory (ERI) created by the Oceanport Environmental Commission in GIS format. It includes base maps of Oceanport along with maps of geology, watersheds, land cover, forests, and habitats. It also identifies some proposed projects like a community forest management plan and expanding safe walking paths. The ERI was created using existing data from NJDEP and the county to compile required natural resource information for the municipality's master plan as mandated by law.
The document discusses the EPA's recommendation that the SLRWD use a Limited Alternative Action rather than implement the sewer expansion plan proposed by Mick, Rowland & Associates. The EPA found that septic systems were effectively treating waste when maintained properly and that a centralized sewer system was not needed and could harm the environment and burden homeowners with high costs. Studies by various organizations supported the EPA's conclusion that the lakes were already improving in water quality.
Caribbean; Rainwater, Catch it While You Can: A Handbook on Rainwater Harve...D5Z
This handbook provides guidance on rainwater harvesting systems for the Caribbean region. It discusses the key components of a rainwater harvesting system including the catchment area, conveyance systems, storage, and post-storage filtration. Proper maintenance and vector control are important to prevent contamination. The handbook also addresses non-domestic applications such as municipal, agricultural, commercial and industrial uses of rainwater harvesting. Design considerations are discussed to optimize rainwater capture and storage.
Chad Forcey at the Irrigation Association outlines the current state of water law across the U.S., and what irrigation contractors can do to stay up to date on their local regulatory environment.
This document summarizes the country report on the evaluation of integrated water resources management (IWRM) implementation in Myanmar from 2000 to 2010 with respect to policy, legal, and institutional aspects. It describes Myanmar's national overview, water policies, legislation, institutions, water resources status, investments, challenges, and priorities for the future, which include developing coordinated management structures, improving legal frameworks, increasing stakeholder participation, and investing in watershed protection, irrigation efficiency, and water quality management.
Klingbeil, R., 2011. Water, Scarcity, Climate Change in the Middle East - Some Considerations. Presentation at the BMZ-GIZ-Conference Water and Climate Change in the MENA-Region: Adaptation, Mitigation, and Best Practices. 28-29 April 2011, Berlin, Germany.
This presentation demonstrates the link between energy and water and relies heavily on information from Western Resource Advocates and DOE. It is Colorado focused but also has a national perspective.
Economics of sustainable catch issues, various regulatory measures to enhance fishery productivity.
John A. Dixon
from materials prepared by
J. Vincent, T. Sterner, J.E. Padilla, and
Marian delos Angeles
johnkailua@aol.com
World Bank Institute
The document summarizes the formation and mission of the 1071 Coalition advocacy group, which aims to influence water management policies to maintain healthy water levels in Lake Lanier. It discusses impacts from low water levels, the need for more advocacy, and the Coalition's plans to commission economic impact studies and technical reports to bolster Georgia's position and counter Florida's public relations efforts regarding water allocation and flows. The total projected three-year budget is $700,000.
Managing Transboundary Risks in the Iullemeden Aquifer System (Dodo)Iwl Pcu
The document discusses the transboundary Iullemeden Aquifer System (IAS) shared by Mali, Niger, and Nigeria. It notes key issues facing sustainable management of the system's groundwater resources, including increasing water demand, climate change, land degradation, and lack of cooperation between countries. The project aims to establish capacity for identifying, reducing, and mitigating transboundary risks. It has made progress in developing shared maps and databases, modeling groundwater flow and interactions, and creating consultative mechanisms. Key ongoing challenges include further quantifying and analyzing transboundary risks, addressing lack of data through capacity building, rational joint management of surface and groundwater, and implementing cooperative management frameworks.
Network for Sustainable Hydropower Development for Mekong Region with the support of MRC-GIZ Cooperation Programme from the Research Center for Environmental and Hazardous Substance Management of Khon Kaen University gave a presentation on Trans-Boundary Issue.
The document discusses the Global International Waters Assessment (GIWA) project. The goals of the project are to implement environmental and socio-economic impact assessments in 66 subregions, and identify linkages between issues affecting transboundary aquatic environments and their causes. The project uses a methodology that includes scoping and scaling priority issues, detailed impact assessments, causal chain analysis, and developing strategic action programs. Key concerns assessed are freshwater shortage, pollution, habitat modification, unsustainable exploitation of resources, and global change.
This document summarizes an Upper Quinault River restoration project. It discusses the scientific background of the river's natural processes and how human impacts have degraded habitat. Specifically, it notes how the removal of large wood from floodplains and the river channel has led to instability. The presentation outlines threats to salmon like loss of side channel habitat and roads in floodplains. It proposes a restoration approach using engineered logjams to reintroduce wood and stabilize the river over 20 years. It highlights an Alder Creek pilot project and proposes securing funding and partnerships to implement the full restoration plan.
The Case of the Senegal River Basin (Niasse, Madiodio)Iwl Pcu
Focus of Presentation: <p> – Debates on efficient and sustainable water allocation & management in a transboundary river context<br> – Lessons from the Senegal River Basin experience on reconciling development and conservation imperatives
The Case of the Senegal River Basin (Niasse, Madiodio)Iwl Pcu
Focus of Presentation: <p> – Debates on efficient and sustainable water allocation & management in a transboundary river context<br> – Lessons from the Senegal River Basin experience on reconciling development and conservation imperatives
This document summarizes an Upper Quinault River restoration project. It discusses the scientific background of the river's natural processes and how human impacts have degraded habitat. Specifically, it notes how the removal of large wood from floodplains and the river channel has led to instability. The presentation outlines threats like loss of side channels and roads in floodplains. It proposes a restoration approach using engineered logjams to reintroduce wood and stabilize the river over 20 years. An Alder Creek pilot project demonstrated success in restoring side channel complexity. Funding strategies and further restoration steps are discussed.
The document discusses benefit sharing in the context of water resource management in the Okavango Basin. It notes that benefit sharing becomes important when water uses become rival and trade-offs must be made. Basin-level planning that considers the comparative advantages of each country can generate more benefits than country-level planning alone. An analysis of water use projections in the Okavango Basin found it difficult to significantly increase overall benefits from water withdrawals alone. Alternative approaches like maintaining ecosystem health while investing in low-impact water and sanitation, hydropower, and irrigation projects may liberate funds for other development and generate more benefits per unit of water used.
CARIBSAVE: A Sectoral Approach to Vulnerability and Resilience. St Lucia Work...intasave-caribsavegroup
The document discusses the CARIBSAVE partnership, which aims to address climate change vulnerabilities in the Caribbean region through a sectoral approach. It notes that tourism is a major contributor to Caribbean economies and is highly vulnerable to climate impacts like rising sea levels and stronger hurricanes. The partnership seeks to enhance resilience and livelihoods by providing research and solutions across key sectors like water, energy, agriculture, health and infrastructure that both climate change and tourism depend on. It also aims to address issues like limited regional data and fragmented work through collaboration across geography and governance.
The document analyzes the proposed River Interlinking Project in India by discussing its potential advantages and disadvantages. It examines claims that interlinking rivers could help with flood control, irrigation, power generation, and navigation. However, it argues that the amounts of water transferred would make little impact on floods and may negatively affect coastal areas. Interlinking is also unlikely to increase agricultural production or solve water conflicts. Overall, the document casts doubt on many of the project's purported benefits and suggests alternatives like rainwater harvesting could achieve water security goals more effectively.
Australian Showcase:Theme 1:Australia and Waterined_v3icidciid
The document discusses water management in Australia, focusing on the Water Act of 2007 and the Murray-Darling Basin Plan. It provides background on Australia's climate and history of water management agreements. It describes the objectives of the Water Act to manage basin water resources through plans and environmental flows. It also discusses government investment programs aimed at improving irrigation efficiency and balancing environmental and consumptive water needs.
The document discusses challenges facing Los Angeles's water infrastructure including an increasing population, aging systems, and dependency on imported water. It outlines Los Angeles's approach through an Integrated Resources Plan to address these challenges through a regional, watershed-based approach involving stakeholder collaboration. Key aspects of the implementation discussed include expanding water conservation, stormwater management through projects like creek and park restoration, and increasing recycled water with a goal of 59,000 acre-feet per year by 2035 through projects like groundwater recharge. The plan has helped build partnerships and launch numerous sustainability programs.
1. The document consists primarily of the word "never" repeated many times.
2. It concludes by stating one should never use Comic Sans font, unless your name is Richard Alley.
3. Bullet points, visual clutter, and overly complex slides should be avoided when creating science presentations. Clear, concise messaging is most effective.
The document discusses California's efforts to regulate stormwater runoff from new construction projects using a watershed management approach. It acknowledges the challenges of population growth putting pressure on water resources. Low impact development techniques are promoted to mimic natural hydrologic processes and protect water quality. However, over-engineered solutions risk overlooking soils and overall watershed health. The regulatory framework is continuing to evolve from a focus on runoff volume to consideration of additional hydrologic factors and outcomes related to beneficial uses.
This document provides examples of indicators that could be used to measure outcomes of projects focused on international waters. It includes over 30 examples of specific process, stress reduction, environmental/water resources, and socioeconomic status indicators that were used to measure outcomes in various international water basins around the world. The indicators cover topics like water quality improvements, policy changes, institutional collaborations, and environmental and resource management impacts.
The Artibonite River basin provides vital environmental services to over 4.5 million people in Haiti and the Dominican Republic across an area of over 9,300 square kilometers. There are opportunities for increased irrigation, small-scale hydroelectric power, and underutilized land could be improved. Technologies to monitor land use change, water quality and quantity, and other indicators were developed through binational cooperation. National sectors in both countries worked together on joint fact-finding missions to identify priority areas for infrastructure improvements, erosion control, reforestation, and other actions to balance development and environmental protection in the watershed. Continued binational coordination is needed to support watershed councils and complete projects that provide long-term sustainability for the
This document discusses the promise of the Clean Water Act to make waters fishable and swimmable. It also discusses sustainability paradigms and moving from a technological to ecological approach in areas like wastewater treatment. Natural systems and watershed approaches are highlighted as are constraints like inconsistent regulations. Case studies show the benefits of natural treatment systems and constructed wetlands in providing ecological functions and multiple community benefits.
Climate change impacts on agriculture and rural development in the Pacific Re...Euforic Services
The document discusses the impacts of climate change on agriculture and rural development in Pacific island countries. It notes that rising sea levels and changes in rainfall patterns from climate change threaten coconut trees, an important food and cash crop. On Maiana Island in Kiribati, decreases in rainfall are reducing food and copra production, potentially exacerbating effects of sea level rise such as land loss. Climate change also poses challenges for rural energy development projects in Kiribati by reducing incomes from copra that communities rely on to purchase and maintain new energy systems. Adaptation will require financial resources, developing resilient cash crops, and gender-sensitive policies.
Similar to Environmental Externalities in a Costa Rican Watershed (20)
Pecha Kucha format presentation about innovative tools being developed by the GEF-UNEP Flood and Drought Management Tools project, by Raul Glotzbach in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
Pecha Kucha format presentation about innovative solutions being deployed by the Caribbean Wastewater Project (Revolving Fund) GEF-IADB/UNEP, by Alfredo Coelloin the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
Large Marine Ecosystems: Megaregional Best Practices for LME Assessment and M...Iwl Pcu
This document provides an overview of large marine ecosystems (LMEs) and efforts to implement ecosystem-based management (EBM) of LMEs. It notes that LMEs produce 80% of global fisheries catches and contribute $12.6 trillion annually to the global economy. The document outlines the five module assessment approach used for LMEs, including productivity, fish/fisheries, pollution, socioeconomics, and governance. It discusses how the Global Environment Facility has provided $6.01 billion since 1994 to support EBM planning and implementation projects in 22 LMEs. The LME approach is now the cornerstone of the GEF's ocean management strategy.
Slides used during the science to communication workshop in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference, to explain how to understand and communicate with an audience better when presenting.
Presentation by Chris O'Brien, of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (Bay of Bengal LME project) during the science to communication workshop in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference. The presentations focuses on how to create effective powerpoint slides.
How to communicate science effectively (IWC8 Presentation)Iwl Pcu
Presentation by Professor Sevvandi Jajakody, of the Wayamba University(Bay of Bengal LME project) during the science to communication workshop in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
Presentation by Chris O'Brien, of the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (Bay of Bengal LME project) during the science to communication workshop in the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
Presentation by Peter Whalley, International Nitrogen Management System GEF- UNEP project providing an introduction to the nitrogen roundtable at the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters conference
Presentation by Hugh Walton of the GEF-UNDP Pacific Fisheries project 4746 at the 8th GEF Biennial International Waters Conference.
GEF Pillar 1.2 Promoting Transformational Change in Major Global Industries
Hugh Walton – Pacific Islands Forum Fisheries Agency
PRESENTATION OVERVIEW
Background - The FFA region
GEF OFMP – 2001 – 2004 & 2005 – 2011
Evaluation in the context of transformational change
OFMP 2 – 2015 – 2019 – Setting the stage for institutional change
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 1Iwl Pcu
This document discusses the development of a Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA). It outlines the steps to develop the TDA, including defining system boundaries, collecting and analyzing data, identifying and prioritizing transboundary problems, determining the impacts of priority problems, analyzing causes of problems, and developing thematic reports. It also discusses that the TDA provides factual basis for the strategic planning component and should involve engagement with stakeholders throughout the process. Finally, it notes that the TDA development team should be representative of participating countries and stakeholders.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 10Iwl Pcu
This document provides information about governance analysis as part of the TDA/SAP process. It defines governance as the process of decision-making and implementation. Governance analysis examines the key aspects of political, economic, and civil society processes. It focuses on the dynamics of these relationships. There is no agreed approach, and the type of analysis will depend on the cultural, political, and social structures of the countries involved. The governance analysis should consider the decision-making, institutional, policy, and civil society arrangements that influence economic and political decisions affecting the issues being analyzed. The document provides advice to go beyond formal structures and understand informal dynamics and relationships.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 10Iwl Pcu
This document provides information about governance analysis as part of the TDA/SAP process. It defines governance as the process of decision-making and implementation. Governance analysis examines the key aspects of political, economic, and civil society processes. It focuses on the dynamics of these relationships. There is no agreed approach, and the type of analysis will depend on the cultural, political, and social structures of the countries involved. The governance analysis should consider decision-making processes, institutional structures, policy frameworks, economic arrangements, and civil society arrangements. Advice is given to use existing assessments, go beyond formal structures, attend coordination meetings, and interview long-time staff to understand informal dynamics.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 9Iwl Pcu
This document provides guidance on drafting a Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA). It discusses integrating various parts of the TDA, such as thematic reports, studies, and stakeholder analyses. It recommends that a TDA should be concise and easy to understand, with an executive summary, main text, supporting data/figures, maps, a content list, and acknowledgements. Technical reports can be annexed. The TDA size typically ranges from 80-150 pages. Preliminary recommendations for the Strategic Action Program can be included. The TDA should be reviewed by stakeholders and adopted by the steering committee, though government acceptance is also often required.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental problems.
3) A two-step process is used to determine impacts: 1) Identifying impacts of each problem through a workshop, and 2) Qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts through available data and information.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental impacts or problems.
3) A process for determining impacts involves identifying them for each problem, and qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental impacts or problems.
3) A two-step process is outlined for determining impacts: 1) Identifying impacts of each problem through a workshop, and 2) Qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts through available data and information.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 7Iwl Pcu
This document provides guidance on developing thematic reports for a Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA). Thematic reports are the main source of supporting information for the TDA and are drafted by national experts. The document outlines a two-step process for developing the reports: 1) key areas and national experts are identified based on prioritized transboundary problems, and 2) reports are drafted and reviewed by the TDA development team. Examples of thematic reports from previous TDAs are provided. Advice is given to allow sufficient time for reports, ensure appropriate expertise, and develop clear terms of reference.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental problems.
3) A two-step process is outlined for determining impacts: 1) Identifying impacts of each problem through a workshop, and 2) Qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts through available data and information.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 6Iwl Pcu
This document provides an overview of causal chain analysis (CCA) as part of the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA) process. It defines CCA as examining the linear cause and effect relationships between the causes of a problem and its impacts. The key components of a causal chain are described as the immediate, underlying, and root causes. A stepwise process for developing causal chains is outlined, including identifying the chain components and further developing the chains with data. Examples of completed causal chains for different regions are also presented.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5Iwl Pcu
1) This training module covers developing the Transboundary Diagnostic Analysis (TDA), which involves determining the environmental and socio-economic impacts of priority transboundary problems.
2) Environmental impacts are effects on ecosystem integrity, while socio-economic impacts are changes in human welfare from environmental problems.
3) A two-step process is outlined for determining impacts: 1) Identifying impacts of each problem through a workshop, and 2) Qualitatively or quantitatively describing key impacts through available data and information.
TDA/SAP Methodology Training Course Module 2 Section 5
Environmental Externalities in a Costa Rican Watershed
1. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
Session 16
Environmental Externalities in aEnvironmental Externalities in a
Costa Rican WatershedCosta Rican Watershed
John A. Dixon
Johnkailua@aol.com
World Bank Institute
Ashgabad, November, 2005
2. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
The Arenal-TempisqueThe Arenal-Tempisque
Watershed – the study siteWatershed – the study site
3. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
Characteristics of the WatershedCharacteristics of the Watershed
• Multiple users located between the very upper portionsMultiple users located between the very upper portions
of the watershed to the coastal watersof the watershed to the coastal waters
• A man-made lake created to develop hydropower in theA man-made lake created to develop hydropower in the
upper watershedupper watershed
• All users dependent on the water flows in the watershedAll users dependent on the water flows in the watershed
• Unidirectional externalities (for the most part)Unidirectional externalities (for the most part)
• A fairly enlightened government structure with an activeA fairly enlightened government structure with an active
public and private sectorpublic and private sector
4. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
Major stakeholders – from the upperMajor stakeholders – from the upper
watershed to the coastal waterswatershed to the coastal waters
• Forest operators (upper watershed)Forest operators (upper watershed)
• Dairy farmers (upper watershed)Dairy farmers (upper watershed)
• ICE – hydropower generating authority (upper to middleICE – hydropower generating authority (upper to middle
watershed)watershed)
• Farmers and fish farmers (middle watershed)Farmers and fish farmers (middle watershed)
• The Palo Verde Wetland national park (lower watershed)The Palo Verde Wetland national park (lower watershed)
• Coastal fishermen (lower watershed/ adjacent coastalCoastal fishermen (lower watershed/ adjacent coastal
waters)waters)
5. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
The Arenal-TempisqueThe Arenal-Tempisque
WatershedWatershed
6. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
TheThe
Arenal-Arenal-
TempisqueTempisque
WatershedWatershed
Reduced Soil
Erosion
Greater Soil
Erosion
SANDILLAL POWER PLANT
Irregular Water Flow
TILAPIA FARM AND
IRRIGATION SYSTEM
PALO VERDE WETLAND
AND NATIONAL PARK
Fisheries and Nicoya Gulf
Tarcoles
River
Water Flow and
Industrial and Municipal
Pollutants
Electricity for
National Grid
Water Flow Agro-Chemical Pollutants
Bird Damage Agro-Chemical PollutantsWater Flow
Forest
Preserve
CATTLE AND
DAIRY FARMS
Arenal
Reservoir
Competition for Land
Arenal Power Plant
Santa Rosa
Reservoir
COROBICI POWER PLANT
Sandillal
Reservoir
Silt
Silt
Silt
A Flowchart of
the Watershed –
the physical
system
7. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
The management issueThe management issue
• Conflicts between ICE and other stakeholders over theConflicts between ICE and other stakeholders over the
timing and quantities of water releasedtiming and quantities of water released
• Growing concerns over sedimentation in the upperGrowing concerns over sedimentation in the upper
watershed and impacts on the reservoir and ICEwatershed and impacts on the reservoir and ICE
• No effective forum to bring all stakeholders togetherNo effective forum to bring all stakeholders together
• A sense that the watershed is operating sub-optimallyA sense that the watershed is operating sub-optimally
wrt use of water and its economic and environmentalwrt use of water and its economic and environmental
impactsimpacts
• No real effective “voice” for the downstream wetlands orNo real effective “voice” for the downstream wetlands or
coastal fishermencoastal fishermen
8. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
Major economic sectors/ actors in the watershed -- rated byMajor economic sectors/ actors in the watershed -- rated by
numbers of people and their political powernumbers of people and their political power
Actor/AgentActor/Agent NumbersNumbers Political/Political/
Economic powerEconomic power
ForestryForestry SmallSmall LittleLittle
Livestock, DiaryLivestock, Diary SmallSmall Little – MediumLittle – Medium
Electric GeneratorElectric Generator Very small (1)Very small (1) Very LargeVery Large
Irrigated farmerIrrigated farmer MediumMedium MediumMedium
Tilapia farmerTilapia farmer SmallSmall LittleLittle
FishermenFishermen LargeLarge LittleLittle
9. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
Valuation of Resource Use in the A/TValuation of Resource Use in the A/T
WatershedWatershed
• Economic valuation carried out of each major use sectorEconomic valuation carried out of each major use sector
• Relied on local prices and valuesRelied on local prices and values
• Largely based on change-in-production approachLargely based on change-in-production approach
• Some limited use of benefit-transfer to estimate wetlandSome limited use of benefit-transfer to estimate wetland
valuesvalues
• Explicit inclusion of costs of externalitiesExplicit inclusion of costs of externalities
• Preliminary results – but certainly gets attention!Preliminary results – but certainly gets attention!
10. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
Baseline payoff matrix (in present value, million dollars)Baseline payoff matrix (in present value, million dollars)
ForestForest
ReservesReserves
Dairy/CattlDairy/Cattl
e Farmse Farms
ICEICE IrrigatedIrrigated
FarmsFarms
WetlandWetland FisherFisher
menmen
RealizedRealized
BenefitBenefit
ForestForest
ReservesReserves
MaximizeMaximize
forest areaforest area
(39.7)(39.7)
(39.7)(39.7)
DairyDairy
CattleCattle
FarmsFarms
-- MaximizeMaximize
dairy &dairy &
cattlecattle
incomeincome
(37.5)(37.5)
(37.5)(37.5)
ICEICE -- SiltationSiltation
ofof
reservoirsreservoirs
(-703.1)(-703.1)
OptimizeOptimize
electricityelectricity
productionproduction
(1,821.6)(1,821.6)
(1,118.5)(1,118.5)
IrrigatedIrrigated
FarmsFarms
-- -- -- Maximize cropMaximize crop
incomeincome
(194.9)(194.9)
Bird damageBird damage
to cropsto crops
(-20.1)(-20.1)
(174.8)(174.8)
WetlandWetland -- -- -- Agro-chemicalAgro-chemical
pollution andpollution and
soil runoffsoil runoff
(-51.6)(-51.6)
MaximizeMaximize
conservationconservation
(70.7)(70.7)
(19.1)(19.1)
FishermenFishermen -- -- -- Agro-chemicalAgro-chemical
pollution andpollution and
soil runoffsoil runoff
(-111.6)(-111.6)
ReducedReduced
Agro-chemicalAgro-chemical
and soiland soil
runoffrunoff
(16.9)(16.9)
MaximiMaximi
ze fishze fish
incomeincome
(121.2)(121.2)
(26.5)(26.5)
NetNet
BenefitBenefit
(39.7)(39.7) (-665.6)(-665.6) (1,821.6)(1,821.6) (31.7)(31.7) (67.5)(67.5) (121.2)(121.2) (1,416.1)(1,416.1)
11. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
The Payoff matrix – what it showsThe Payoff matrix – what it shows
• The diagonal elements are the different users/ sectors inThe diagonal elements are the different users/ sectors in
the watershed and show their net return from theirthe watershed and show their net return from their
activity without taking externalities into accountactivity without taking externalities into account
• The off-diagonal elements represent externalities – eitherThe off-diagonal elements represent externalities – either
those that affect others downstream (below the diagonal)those that affect others downstream (below the diagonal)
or that affect the sector’s net benefits (elements on theor that affect the sector’s net benefits (elements on the
same row)same row)
• A social welfare measure is found in the final columnA social welfare measure is found in the final column
(realized benefit) and final row (net benefit)(realized benefit) and final row (net benefit)
12. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
Electricity generation mix over timeElectricity generation mix over time
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
1st year 10th year 20th year
Sandillal
Corobici
Arenal
13. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
Major lessons from the reportMajor lessons from the report
• Most externalities (off-diagonal elements) are negativeMost externalities (off-diagonal elements) are negative
• Electricity and irrigation provide 90% of the benefitsElectricity and irrigation provide 90% of the benefits
• Dairy and ranching provide negative benefits worth $665 million.Dairy and ranching provide negative benefits worth $665 million.
They should probably not be undertakenThey should probably not be undertaken
• Irrigation also has high negative impactsIrrigation also has high negative impacts
• Externality costs are equal to 38% of potential benefitsExternality costs are equal to 38% of potential benefits
• Major losers are the electricity authority, fishermen and wetlandsMajor losers are the electricity authority, fishermen and wetlands
14. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
Major lessons (cont.)Major lessons (cont.)
• Rapid siltation of the low cost Corobici (Santa Rosa)Rapid siltation of the low cost Corobici (Santa Rosa)
reservoir drives the upstream impactsreservoir drives the upstream impacts
• Dredging of the Santa Rosa reservoir may be anDredging of the Santa Rosa reservoir may be an
economical option and should be considered (andeconomical option and should be considered (and
costed)costed)
• Downstream, system benefits are larger withDownstream, system benefits are larger with
increased irrigated acreage, however demand sideincreased irrigated acreage, however demand side
effects may lower this benefiteffects may lower this benefit
• The major impact of chemicals is on the estimated lifeThe major impact of chemicals is on the estimated life
of the wetlands and fisheries (however, valuation ofof the wetlands and fisheries (however, valuation of
wetlands at $200 per hectare may be high)wetlands at $200 per hectare may be high)
15. Caspian EVE 2005/UNDP and WBI John A. Dixon, E
GEF
ConclusionsConclusions
• An integrated approach clearly identifies winners andAn integrated approach clearly identifies winners and
losers and potentials for gain.losers and potentials for gain.
• Coalitions are needed to reduce costs of externalitiesCoalitions are needed to reduce costs of externalities
and increase net social welfareand increase net social welfare
• Existing institutions do not promote coalition buildingExisting institutions do not promote coalition building
• Other potentially important impacts (e.g. tourism,Other potentially important impacts (e.g. tourism,
recreation, ecosystem services) are not well captured inrecreation, ecosystem services) are not well captured in
the studythe study