The document discusses the Vienna Convention and Montreal Protocol, which aim to protect the stratospheric ozone layer. The Convention was adopted in 1985 and entered into force in 1988, while the Montreal Protocol in 1987 aims to phase out ozone-depleting substances. It has achieved near-universal ratification and enabled over 97% reduction in controlled substances. The protocols establish specific responsibilities and commitments for countries to control and report on ozone-depleting substances and have proven innovative and successful in repairing the ozone layer.

1. ENVIRONMENTAL
ECONOMICS
VIENNA CONVENTION ON
ENVIRONMENT
MONTREAL PROTOCOAL

2. CONVENTION
2ENVIROMENTAL ECONOMICS
a meeting or formal assembly, as of representatives or delegates,
for discussion of and action on particular matters of common
concern.

3. INTRODUCTION:
Vienna Convention for the Protection of
the Ozone Layer & Montreal Protocol on
Substances that Deplete the Ozone
Layer
• In 2009, the Convention and the Montreal Protocol
became the first treaties of any kind to achieve
universal ratification. To date, the Convention and
Protocol have enabled reductions of more than 97% of
all global consumption of controlled ozone-depleting
substances.
• Convention was adopted in 1985 and entered into force
in September 1988. Israel signed it in 1988, and ratified
the Convention, the Montreal Protocol, and the London
Amendment in 1992. It has since ratified all subsequent
amendments to the Protocol
INTRODUCTION 3

4. MAIN
OBJECTIVES:
• By the 1970s, concern was growing that the
Earth's stratospheric ozone layer, which
protects the earth against excessive ultraviolet
radiation, was being destroyed - which would
cause damage to humans, plants, and animals.
• In 1977, the UN Environment Programmed (UNEP)
concluded a World Plan of Action on the Ozone
Layer.
• 1981 UNEP was authorized to draft a global
framework Convention on stratospheric ozone
protection.
• The Convention did not require countries to take
concrete actions to control ozone-depleting
substances. Instead, a provision was added that
Protocols to control these substances would be
adopted if and when warranted.
OBJECTIVE 4

5. THE MONTREAL PROTOCOAL
MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE OZONE
LAYER
MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON
SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE
OZONE LAYER :• Under Vienna Convention for the Protection
of the Ozone Layer, 1985.
• Global agreement to protect the
stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out the
production and consumption of ozone-
depleting substances (ODS)
MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON
SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE
OZONE LAYER:• Initially signed by 46 countries, now all are
signatories.
• Countries have binding, time-targeted and
measurable commitments.
MONTREAL PROTOCOAL 5

6. MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON
SUBSTANCES THAT
DEPLETE THE OZONE
LAYER…
Specific responsibilities related to
the phase out of the different
groups of ODS;
1. Control of ODS trade
2. Annual reporting of data
3. National licensing systems to
control ODS imports and exports
ODS 6
C
. MONTREAL PROTOCOL ON
SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE
OZONE LAYER…
Agreed on 26 August 1987,
Force on 26 August 1989
1st meeting in Helsinki, May 1989.
Eight amendments:
1. 1990 (London)
2. 1991 (Nairobi)
3. 1992 (Copenhagen)
4. 1993 (Bangkok)
5. 1995 (Vienna)
6. 1997 (Montreal)
7. 1998 (Australia)
8. 1999 (Beijing) 9. 2016 (Kigali, adopted,
but not in force)

7. MONTREAL PROTOCOAL ON
SUBSTANCES THAT DEPLETE THE
OZONE LAYER
The Montreal Protocol has proven to be innovative and
successful
The first treaty to achieve universal ratification by all countries
in the world.
Leveraging worldwide participation
The Montreal Protocol has sent clear signals to the global
market and placed the ozone layer, which was in peril, on a path
to repair
DEPLETE OZONE LAYER 7

8. CONCLUSION
In this convention it’s all about the environment and the damaging
of ozone layer. In this convention the member countries that are
included in this have discussed the major issues of damaging of
ozone layer and gives the suggestion to reduce the effect by
some actions or precaution and every developed and developing
countries have to do act according to this agreement or laws. This
can effectively reduce greenhouse gases effect and can stabilized
the ozone layer and our environment
CONCLUSION 8