The document discusses environmental biosafety and cleaning in hospitals. It emphasizes that cleaning is critical to protect patient health and prevent disease transmission by removing contaminants from surfaces. Special precautions must be followed when dealing with biohazardous materials like blood or bodily fluids to protect from pathogens. Regular hand hygiene and cleaning of high-touch surfaces are essential to prevent infection spread in hospitals.

1. ENVIRONMENTAL BIOSAFETY IN
HOSPITALS
PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE
DR.T.V.RAO MD
DR.T.V.RAO MD 1
21-04-2023

2. • The purpose of cleaning
is to remove unwanted
contaminants from
surfaces.
• The methods of
cleaning and the
chemical products
used are more critical
because they often
have a dual function of
removing soil and
killing harmful
pathogens
CLEANING IS CRITICAL FOR SAFETY OF
THE HOSPITAL
DR.T.V.RAO MD 2
21-04-2023

3. • In hospitals, the purpose
of cleaning is to protect
patients health and
prevent the spread of
disease by removing
contaminants from
surfaces.
• In hospitals, some
contaminants are
disease causing micro-
organisms invisible to
the naked eye.
PURPOSE OF CLEANING THE ENVIRONMENT
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4. • This term designates the
surfaces that you will be
cleaning in a hospital. This
is a classification system
for surfaces that carry a
lower risk for disease
transmission.
• There are 2 types of
Environmental Surfaces:
• Housekeeping Surfaces
• Equipment*
ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACES
DR.T.V.RAO MD 4
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5. HOUSEKEEPING OF SURFACES
• These are environmental surfaces that
require regular cleaning including floors,
walls, tabletops, fixtures, bedrails, etc.
• There are two types of housekeeping
surfaces you will be charged with cleaning.
Each will have different methods and
frequency of cleaning.
1.HIGH TOUCH Housekeeping Surfaces
2.MINIMAL HAND CONTACT Surfaces
DR.T.V.RAO MD 5
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6. • Surfaces that are
frequently touched
by patients and staff
that require more
frequent cleaning.
• Examples:
• Doorknobs, bedrails,
light switches, wall
areas around toilets in
patient rooms, edges
of privacy curtains, etc
HIGH TOUCH SURFACES
DR.T.V.RAO MD 6
21-04-2023

7. • These surfaces
must also be
cleaned but not
as frequently.
• Examples:
• Floors, Walls,
ceilings
MINIMAL TOUCH SURFACES
DR.T.V.RAO MD 7
21-04-2023

8. HOW YOU PROTECT WHEN YOU ARE
DEALING WITH BIOHAZARD MATERIALS
• Special precautions have to be followed when
dealing with materials contaminated with
blood or other bodily fluids.
• Blood or other bodily fluids may contain disease
causing micro-organisms (pathogens) that can
be transmitted to others that come in direct
contact.
• The Blood borne pathogens act was implemented to
protect workers from potentially infectious diseases
contracted from contaminated blood or other bodily
fluids.
• Examples of Bloodborne pathogens:
• Hepatitis B Virus
• HIV-1 Virus (AIDS Virus)
DR.T.V.RAO MD 8
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9. BLOOD BORNE PATHOGENS
• Blood borne Pathogen Safety Precautions
• Always assume blood or bodily fluid spills are
contaminated.
• To clean, first obtain proper personal
• protective equipment. Disposal of cleaning
materials such as rags, sponges, paper
toweling, absorbents, should be placed into a
red Bio-hazard bag.
DR.T.V.RAO MD 9
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10. Cleaning Up Bodily Fluid Spills
Contaminated work surfaces and/or spills shall be
decontaminated with an appropriate disinfectant.
1. Clean up gross filth by collecting with an absorbent material.
2. Spray surfaces with recommended agent of your Hospital
3. Clean surface.
4. Re-apply recommended chemicals, allow surface to remain
wet for 10 minutes.
Remember:
Always wear personal protective gear
and dispose of cleaning materials properly.
Your supervisor will instruct you on specific
procedures.
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11. OUR GOAL TO ACHIEVE THE SAFETY
• Working safely is
important for
your own
protection as well
as the protection
of fellow
employees,
hospital staff,
patients, and
visitors.
DR.T.V.RAO MD 11
21-04-2023

12. WHY WE NEED CLEANLINESS AND HYGIENE
AT OUR HOSPITALS
• Patients can spread infectious viral and bacterial
agents to others, they are also often more prone to
contracting illnesses
• The spread of infections within a hospital is usually
spread by person to person contact. Regular hand
washing is essential to help prevent the spread of
infection
• Infections can also be contracted by objects that are
frequently touched by individuals. For the purposes
of cleaning, these surfaces are referred to as “HIGH
TOUCH’ surfaces and special emphasis is given to
routine cleaning of these surfaces.
DR.T.V.RAO MD 12
21-04-2023

13. DEFINING HYGIENE
• Hand hygiene
• Performing hand washing, antiseptic hand wash,
alcohol-based handrub, surgical hand
hygiene/antisepsis
• Hand washing
• Washing hands with plain soap and water
• Antiseptic hand wash
• Washing hands with water and soap or other
detergents containing an antiseptic agent
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14. SITUATIONS MAY WARRANT DEDICATED
WASHING
• Alcohol-based hand rub
• Rubbing hands with an alcohol-containing
preparation
• Surgical hand hygiene/antisepsis
• Hand washing or using an alcohol-based
hand rub before operations by surgical
personnel
• Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care
Settings. MMWR 2002; vol. 51, no. RR-16.
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15. • ALWAYS wash hands
before entering a
patient room. Not only
does this protect the
patients, it also
protects YOU!
• Wear the appropriate
safety equipment that
irecommended for use
with each chemical
product you may be
using.
ALWAYS WASH YOUR HANDS
DR.T.V.RAO MD 15
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16. INDICATIONS FOR HAND
HYGIENE
 When hands are visibly dirty,
contaminated, or soiled, wash with
non-antimicrobial or antimicrobial
soap and water.
 If hands are not visibly soiled, use an
alcohol-based hand rub for routinely
decontaminating hands.
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002;
vol. 51, no. RR-16.
DR.T.V.RAO MD 16
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17. SPECIFIC INDICATIONS FOR
HAND HYGIENE
• Before:
• Patient contact
• Donning gloves when inserting a CVC
• Inserting urinary catheters, peripheral vascular catheters, or other
invasive devices that don’t require surgery
• After:
• Contact with a patient’s skin
• Contact with body fluids or excretions, non-intact skin, wound dressings
• Removing gloves
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002;
vol. 51, no. RR-16.
DR.T.V.RAO MD 17
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18. ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES TO
IMPROVE HAND HYGIENE
• Make improved hand hygiene an
institutional priority
• Place alcohol-based hand rubs at
entrance to patient room, or at
bedside
Provide HCWs with pocket-sized
containers
Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health-care Settings. MMWR 2002;
vol. 51, no. RR-16.
DR.T.V.RAO MD 18
21-04-2023

19. SIMPLE HYGIENIC PRINCIPLES SAVES
SEVERAL LIVES
DR.T.V.RAO MD 19
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20. 21-04-2023 20
DR.T.V.RAO MD

21. Program file Created by Dr.T.V.Rao MD for
the benefit of Educational resources
Medical Nursing and paramedical
professionals
Dr.T.V.Rao MD
doctortvrao@gmail.com
DR.T.V.RAO MD 21
21-04-2023