The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by Abraham Lincoln on January 1, 1863, freeing all slaves in Confederate states. It did not immediately free slaves in border states loyal to the Union, as Lincoln did not want to antagonize them. While it did not immediately free all slaves, it helped the Union war effort by gaining support from other countries opposed to slavery and encouraged slaves in the South to escape to Union lines. The Proclamation was a major step toward abolishing slavery across the United States.