The document provides descriptions of various types of medical equipment used in healthcare settings, including diagnostic tools like otoscopes, laryngoscopes, stethoscopes, and sphygmomanometers used to examine ears, throat, listen to bodily sounds, and measure blood pressure. Imaging equipment is also discussed, such as ultrasound machines, MRI scanners, CT scanners, mammography units used to produce images of internal structures. Other medical devices mentioned are dialysis machines, ventilators, incubators, and various scopes used in different medical specialties.

1. Medical supplies and Equipments
12/14/2023 Alem E. 1

2. Otoscope
• The otoscope is used to view the tympanic membrane
and external ear canal to diagnose outer and middle ear
pathologies.
12/14/2023
Alem E. 2

3. Laryngoscope
Is equipment that is used to obtain a view of the vocal
folds and the glottis.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 3

4. Stethoscope
• Is an acoustic medical device for auscultation, or
listening to the internal sounds of an animal body. It is
often used to listen to lung and heart sounds.
• It is also used to listen to intestines and blood flow in
arteries and veins.
• In combination with a sphygmomanometer, it is
commonly used for measurements of blood pressure.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 4

5. Stethoscope
A simple stethoscope usually
consists of a diaphragm(for
identifying high-pitched
sounds) or an open bell(best
for listening to low-pitched
sounds).
12/14/2023 Alem E. 5

6. Sphygmomanometer
• An instrument for measuring blood pressure, typically
consisting of an inflatable rubber cuff which is applied to the
arm and connected to a column of mercury next to a graduated
scale, enabling the determination of systolic and diastolic
blood pressure by increasing and gradually releasing the
pressure in the cuff.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 6

7. • The cuff is normally placed around an upper arm, at
roughly the same vertical height as the heart while the
subject is seated. The cuff is inflated until the artery is
completely occluded.
• The pressure at which the first sound began is noted and
recorded as the systolic blood pressure. The cuff
pressure is further released until the sound can no longer
be heard. This is recorded as the diastolic blood
pressure.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 7

8. Sphygmomanometer
12/14/2023 Alem E. 8

9. Medical thermometer
• Medical thermometers are used for measuring human body
temperature, with the tip of the thermometer being inserted
either into the mouth under the tongue (oral or sub-lingual
temperature), under the armpit (axillary temperature), or into
the rectum via the anus (rectal temperature).
12/14/2023 Alem E. 9

10. Glucose meter
• A glucose meter (or glucometer) is a medical device
for determining the approximate concentration of
glucose in the blood. It is a key element of home
blood glucose monitoring by people with diabetes
mellitus or hypoglycemia.
• A small drop of blood, obtained by pricking the skin with
a lancet, is placed on a disposable test strip that the meter
reads and uses to calculate the blood glucose level. The
meter then displays the level in mg/dl or mmol/l.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 10

11. 12/14/2023 Alem E. 11

12. MAGILL Forceps
• With their curved handle and ease of
operation, Magill forceps soon became
useful for removing objects from the
airways. They have been used in
emergency rooms and critical-care
centers to extract small toys or toy
pieces swallowed by children. Medical
literature has recorded the use of
Magill forceps to retrieve something as
small as a safety pin from the upper
esophagus of a child.
• Magill forceps also have been used to
insert throat packs prior to oral surgery.
Made of a porous, sponge-like material,
throat packs are used to absorb blood
and other fluids and keep them from
entering airways.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 12

13. OTOSCOPE
• An otoscope is a medical tool
which allows doctors to look
inside the ears of their
patients.
• The simple design of an
otoscope actually allows
doctors to use it in several
applications, not just to look
into the ears. Many doctors
keep an otoscope, because it
sometimes becomes necessary
to examine a patient's ears
12/14/2023 Alem E. 13

14. BANDAGE Scissor
• Bandage scissors are often
found in first aid kits and in a
variety of medical facilities.
They are usually made of
metal, typically stainless steel,
and they often have serrated
blades and an angled tip that
is blunt at the edges. These
scissors have numerous uses
that can make them valuable.
• The three mains uses of
bandage scissors are to trim
bandages to custom size, to
cut through clothing or gauze,
and to help remove bandages
that someone is wearing.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 14

15. PERCUSSION Hammers
• Percussion hammers, also
called mallets, are used to
strike various percussion
instruments. The two basic
styles
of percussionhammers are
unwrapped and wrapped. Each
of the two styles comes in
different varieties that are
generally suited to play
particular instruments.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 15

16. Medical Imaging Equipment
• Medical imaging is the technique and process used to
create images of the human body (or parts and
function thereof) for clinical purposes (medical
procedures seeking to reveal, diagnose or
examine disease) or medical science (including the
study of normal anatomy and physiology).
12/14/2023 Alem E. 16

17. Ultrasound
• Ultrasound is an oscillating sound pressure wave with a
frequency greater than the upper limit of the human hearing
range.
• Ultrasound is thus not separated from 'normal' (audible) sound
based on differences in physical properties, only the fact that
humans cannot hear it.
• Although this limit varies from person to person, it is
approximately 20 kilohertz (20,000 hertz) in healthy, young
adults. Ultrasound devices operate with frequencies from 20 kHz
up to several gigahertz.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 17

18. 12/14/2023 Alem E. 18

19. Medical sonography
(ultrasonography) is an
ultrasound-based diagnostic
medical imaging technique used
to visualize muscles, tendons, and
Many internal organs, to capture
their size, structure and any
pathological lesions with real time
tomographic images.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 19

20. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging
(MRI), Nuclear magnetic
resonance imaging (NMRI),
or Magnetic resonance
tomography (MRT) is a
medical imaging technique
used in radiology to visualize
internal structures of the body
in detail..
• MRI makes use of the
property of nuclear magnetic
resonance (NMR) to image
nuclei of atoms inside the
body
12/14/2023 Alem E. 20

21. • Allows the clinician to see high quality images of the
inside of the body:
Brain
 Heart
 Lungs
 Spine
 Knees
 Wrist
 Etc.
• MRI is also used a great deal in basic science to study brain
function and cancer growth
12/14/2023 Alem E. 21

22. MRI’s of the heart can be done to look at many different areas
including: vessels, chambers, and valves.
The MRI can detect problems
associated with different heart diseases
including plaque build up and other
blockages in blood vessels due to
coronary artery disease or heart attacks.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 22

23.  X-ray computed tomography, also computed tomography (CT
scan) or computed axial tomography (CAT scan), is a medical
imaging procedure that utilizes computer-processed X-rays to
produce tomographic images or 'slices' of specific areas of the
body. These cross-sectional images are used for diagnostic and
therapeutic purposes in various medical disciplines.
Scanning System(CT scan)
12/14/2023 Alem E. 23

24. CT Scanner
 Used to determine:
 extent of trauma
 location and type of
tumors
 status of blood vessels
 pre surgical planning
12/14/2023 Alem E. 24

25. Mammography unit
 Other common names:- Mammo units; X-ray system,
diagnostic, mammographic, stationary, digital
 Intended use : Mammographic radiographic units use x-rays to produce
images of the breast—a mammogram—that provide information about
beast morphology, normal anatomy, and gross pathology. Mammography is
used primarily to detect and diagnose breast cancer and to evaluate
palpable masses and no palpable breast lesions

26. Monitor, Bedside, Electroencephalography
Other common names:- Cerebral function monitors; EEG recorders;
electroencephalographs; monitors, bedside, electroencephalography,
spectral.

27. Electrosurgical Unit
• Other common names:- Bovies; Coagulators, Electrosurgical;
Diathermy Units, Surgical; Electrocautery Units; Electrosurgical
Generators; Endometrial Ablation Systems; ESUs; Hyfrecators;
Malis Coagulators; Stimulators, Muscle; Surgical Diathermy
Units; Surgical Units; Wapplers; Apparatus, electrosurgical;
Surgical diathermy generator
12/14/2023 Alem E. 27

28. Electrocardiograph, ECG
Other common names:- Computer-assisted electrocardiographs;
interpretive ECG machines; interpretive electrocardiographs;
automated electrocardiographs; EKG machines; Electrocardiograph
multichannel;
12/14/2023 Alem E. 28

29. Colonoscope
Other common names:- Endoscopes; video endoscopes; Video
colonoscope, flexible.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 29

30. Medical ventilators
• A medical ventilator (or simply ventilator in context) is a
machine designed to mechanically move breatheable air in and
out of the lungs, to provide the mechanism of breathing for a
patient who is physically unable to breathe, or breathing
insufficiently.
• Ventilators are commonly used in intensive care medicine,
home care, and in anesthesia (as a component of an anesthesia
machine).
• Medical ventilators are sometimes colloquially called
"respirators,"

33. • Kidneys maintain the body's internal equilibrium of water and
minerals (sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus,
magnesium, sulfate).
• The kidneys also function as a part of the endocrine system,
producing erythropoietin (RBC) and calcitriol (Bone
formation).
• Dialysis is an imperfect treatment to replace kidney function
because it does not correct the compromised endocrine
functions of the kidney.
• Dialysis treatments replace some of these functions through
diffusion (waste removal) and ultrafiltration (fluid removal).

34. Dialysis machines

35. Incubators
• Most incubators are used to
provide a controlled
temperature (and sometimes a
controlled humidity. Usually, this
is about body temperature, 37oC,
through a thermostat. This is the
most suitable temperature for most
bacteria in culture media.
12/14/2023 Alem E. 35