ENGL 570 Discussion Board Forum 4 Cicero and Quintilian *Note: Not all Discussion Boards are identical across courses. Read all instructions in the prompt. General requirements: Every Discussion Board post must be at least600 words minimum. The post needs to include one to two questions for further thought. Each reply must be250 wordsminimum. The reply must attempt to answer the other student’s question(s) and add one additional follow up question for further thought. Discussion Board Forum 4 Prompt: Both Cicero and Quintilian place importance not only on eloquence in rhetoric, but they also stress rhetoric as connected to some form of character. For Cicero, he seeks the “ideal-statesman” whereas Quintilian pursues the “perfect orator.” The different nouns used for each partially indicates a distinguishing feature in their approaches. For this week’s post, address the following: 1) How does Cicero define/understand rhetoric? How does Quintilian define/understand rhetoric? a. Again, using his words here would be too easy, so you must explain his definition inyour own words. This is an excellent practice for graduate level assignments, and it reflects a student’s interpretation of original works. 2) One area Kennedy notes as “missing” in Cicero’s work is the moral responsibility of the orator. Why might this be missing from Cicero’s view of the orator and rhetoric? a. Think about why he can speak on the “ideal” yet not connect that to the use or performance of rhetoric by that person. b. Give examples to support your answer. 3) Why does Quintilian place more emphasis on lifelong education of the orator, and what might this reveal about his view of rhetoric? 4) You must reference specific passage(s) from the assigned reading using APA format. You may quote or summarize, but specific page numbers must be provided. 5) Include one or two questions you have about the assigned readings for this week (Use specific pages numbers as you reference parts of the reading). Review the Discussion Board Grading Rubric before submitting. Your post must be at least 600 words, include 1-2 questions for further thought, and reference the assigned readings using APA format. Your reply to another student’s post must be at least 250 words, attempt to answer the other student’s post, and include one follow up question for further thought. Pragmatism vs. Idealism: The Roman Rhetoricians COLLAPSE Top of Form Roman orators Cicero and Quintilian, though their ideas at times overlapped, posited two different ideals of rhetoric. Cicero, who died years before Quintilian was even born, was the premier orator of Rome at a pivotal moment in Roman history, and thus his understanding of rhetoric was oriented around the state. Like Aristotle, Cicero advanced a fairly pragmatic definition of rhetoric, emphasizing its persuasive appeal and its stylistic concerns over its ultimate purpose. He did note that rhetoric has the moral capacity for “testing truth,” but his prima.