The document provides an overview of the subject 'Basic Chemistry' for first-year computer technology students at Sanjivani K.B.P. Polytechnic, detailing the classification of polymers based on various criteria such as occurrence, monomer nature, structure, and thermal characteristics. It explains types of polymerization—addition and condensation—along with examples of thermoplastics and thermosetting polymers. Additionally, it lists applications of specific polymers, highlighting their uses in diverse fields like insulation, safety gear, and adhesives.

1. SANJIVANI K. B. P. POLYTECHNIC, KOPARGAON
With NBA ACCREDIATED programs , Approved by AICTE, New Delhi,
Recognized by Govt. of Maharashtra, Affiliated to Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai,
ISO 9001:2015 Certified Institute
Department:- Computer Technology Class:- First Year
Name of Subject:- Basic Chemistry MSBTE Subject Code:- 22102

2. Polymers
• Meaning of polymer and monomer
• Classification of polymer
1. On the basis of occurrence
A. Natural polymer- silk, protein, cellulose, starch
B. Synthetic polymer- rubber, plastic, fibre
2. On the basis of nature of monomer-
C. Homo polymers- poly ethylene, PVC
D. Hetro polymers/Copolymers- nylon, Bakelite, polyesters
Sanjivani K.B.P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon Department of Computer Technology Mrs. Bhattad K.S.

3. On the basis of structure- Imp.
A- linear chain polymer-Two active sides
B- Cross linked or network or branched polymer- More than two active
sides
4. On the basis of thermal character-
A. Thermoplastic/ thermo softening- Reusable
B. Thermosetting- Non Reusable
Sanjivani K.B.P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon Department of Computer Technology Mrs. Bhattad K.S.

4. Polymerization
• Types
A. Addition polymerization- all similar monomers, fast,
exothermic reaction, no by product, Linear polymer.
these are thermoplastic. (Reusable)
Ex. 1. Polyethylene-
Monomer is Ethylene---CH2=CH2
2. Teflon- Monomer is
tetra fluro ethylene---CF2=CF2
3. PVC- Monomer is Vinyl Chloride---CH2=CHCl
4. polystyrene-Monomer is Styrene---C6H5CH=CH2
These polymer are also called as Homo polymer, Thermoplastic.
Sanjivani K.B.P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon Department of Computer Technology Mrs. Bhattad K.S.

5. B. Condensation polymerization-
Network, small molecule as by product, slow, endothermic, may or may
not require catalyst, these are thermosetting, use and throw, non
recyclable
Ex.1. Bakelite-Monomers are phenol & formaldehyde.
2. Nylon- Monomers are adipic acid & Hexa methyl diamine.
3. Epoxy resin- Monomers are Bisphenol & Epichlorohydrin.
These polymer are also called as Hetero polymer, Thermosetting.
Sanjivani K.B.P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon Department of Computer Technology Mrs. Bhattad K.S.

6. Bakelite-Monomers are phenol & formaldehyde.
Epoxy resin-
Monomers are Bisphenol & Epichlorohydrin.
Sanjivani K.B.P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon Department of Computer Technology Mrs. Bhattad K.S.

7. Applications of polymer
• PE- Insulation, wrapping, caps, toys, domestic appliances.
• PVC- tank lining, safety helmets, refrigerator components, tyres,
mudguards.
• PTFE- gaskets, packing, chemical carrying pipes, tubing, tanks, non
stick cookware etc.
• PS- Toys, combs, buckles, buttons, fancy article.
• PFR [Bakelite or phenoplast]- Switches, plugs, cabinet for TV, radio,
good adhesives.
• Epoxy resin- famous adhesives (Araldite), electrical bushings, etc.
Sanjivani K.B.P. Polytechnic, Kopargaon Department of Computer Technology Mrs. Bhattad K.S.