Energy transformation is the process by which energy changes form. In cities in the past, the main sources of light and movement were coal, wood, candles, and animals. Today, electricity and petrol or diesel provide light and movement. Work is defined as force times distance, and is measured in joules. Energy transfer diagrams and Sankey diagrams can illustrate how energy is transformed and transferred from one form to another through various processes and systems, such as photosynthesis, respiration, and generating electricity in power stations.

1. By:
Devinda V.S, Firman Otto
Energy Transformation

2. What is Energy Transformation?
 All changes you can detect around you are due to
energy transformation
 Vital to survival
 Energy cannot be made or destroyed

3. City in the past
 Source of light  coal, wood, candles
 Source of movement  animals

4. City Today
 Source of light  electricity
 Source of movement  petrol or diesel

5. Measuring Work
 The formula is :
work = force x distance
E.g. : 10N x 2m = 20Nm/ 20 J ( Joule )
Work occurs when a force moves an object
through a distance

7. Making a Calculation
 The weight of an object is measure in N
(Newton)
 The distance is measure in m ( Meter )

9. Answer
100N x 1m = 100J

10. Energy Transfer Diagram
 Strain Energy  Catapult  Kinetic energy & Sound
energy

11. Another example…
 Kinetic energy  balloon  strain energy

12. Sankey Diagram
 It is the other way to show energy transformation,
the width of the arrows indicate the amount of
energy

13. A :
Light bulb 100
J
Light energy 10 J
Waste
heat
energy
90 J
Q : Draw a sankey diagram for
light bulb that have input
energy of 100 J and the output
of light energy 10 J and heat
energy 90 J

14. Plants and Energy
 When a seed of a plant is dig in the soil it use
chemical energy in the seed to grow and when it
reach the surface of the soil it start to grow
leaves.

15. Plant  herbivorous 
carnivorous

16. Energy transfer for
photosynthesis
Light energy + chemical energy  chemical energy

17. Energy and Ourselves
 In a can of food there is amount of energy written.
This are measure in Joule and Kilo Joule.

18.  Chemical in your body is release in a process
called respiration.
 Most of chemical energy in your body is use for
movement ( kinetic energy) and for keeping your
body warm ( Heat energy).

19. Generating Electricity
 It is a very useful form of energy
 Michael Faraday (1791-1867) discovered that an
electric current could be made to flow in a wire.

20. Bicycle dynamo
 Bicycle dynamo have a wheel in its top. When
the wheel is in contact with the tyre it rotates and
generate electricity which provide the lamp for the
bicycle.

21. The power station generator
 The water is boiled and change into steam.
 The steam turn the turbine.
 The electromagnet producing electricity in the
coils and direct it to the transformer.
 The transformer change the voltage to the higher
one and ready to being given to the public.

22. Conservation of energy

23. Thank You For Your Attention