1. The document discusses geopolitics, geostrategy, and geoeconomics perspectives on the global energy transition towards net zero emissions. It outlines Indonesia's commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and develop renewable energy power plants. 2. It analyzes global dynamics and patterns of CO2 emissions, with fossil fuels currently dominating the world's electricity production. Large industrialized countries like China and the US are the main producers but emit much higher CO2 per capita than developing countries like Indonesia. 3. The transition to cleaner energy sources faces challenges in infrastructure development, technology advancement, market forces, and ensuring equal access. Just transition will be a long struggle that requires protecting national interests on the international stage.