The document discusses end pipe technology, which focuses on treating effluents prior to discharge into the environment rather than changing the waste-creating process. It provides examples of end pipe technologies like biodegradable plastics and solar/wind harvesting. It also discusses India's goals of increasing renewable energy capacity, developing green energy corridors, and becoming carbon neutral by 2070 through investments in areas like green hydrogen.

1. End Pipe
Technology Chiranjeevi V
21011PA019
2nd sem M.Tech Planning
SPA, JNAFAU
Submitted to
Y Ritvik, Asst Prof.

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End of Pipe technology:
An approach to pollution control which concentrates upon effluent
treatment or filtration prior to discharge into the environment, as
opposed to making changes in the process giving rise to the wastes.
(Source: GRAHAW)
• End-of-pipe technologies are measures deployed to decrease or
eliminate the emission of substances into the atmosphere that can
harm human health or the environment.
• Using the advanced and modern technology to revive the ecology,
pollution cased through different sources.
• EOP promotes Research and Development methodologies to arrest the
pollution caused by factories after final Production.

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Some of the outputs of EOP technology
Biodegradable Plastic
• The world is becoming more and more environmentally
conscious. With the recent climate change, many people have
been looking for ways to decrease their carbon footprint.
• Some of the best environmentally friendly technologies out
there today are as follows:
3
Solar and wind
harvesting
technologies
Rain Water Tanks
Direct To Plumbing
System
Graywater recycling
technology
Investing in CFL and
LED lighting

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Biodegradable plastic:
• Scientists estimate that there
could be more waste plastic in
the ocean than fish by the year
2050, with tap water containing
micro plastics up to 80% of the time.
• Biodegradable plastics offer
reduces carbon dioxide levels.
• Switching to biodegradable
plastics would help to reduce the
number of greenhouse gas
emissions produced by the
industry even further.
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Fact check on Plastic
• We consume
100 Million tons
of plastic per year.
• Plastic industry
produces 500
million tons of
carbon dioxide that
goes into our
atmosphere each
year
• Recycle our plastics will
result in 30% net carbon
savings.
• Some researchers suggesting the
savings could be as high as 80%.

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GOI, Ministry Of Environment Forest And Climate Change, prohibited
single time use of plastic with effect from the 1st July, 2022, to reduce
tons of plastics flowing into oceans and effecting marine and aquatic
life.

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Making of Bioplastics

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Classification of Bioplastics
1. Conventional Plastics: Fossil fuel based and non-
biodegradable like Polyethylene (PE), Polypropylene
(PP), PolyEthylene Terephthalate (PET), Polystyrene
(PS), Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) etc.
2. Bio Plastics which bio-based and non-biodegradable :
Eg Bio-PE (which are made of regular PE and
plant based PE, mixed in a proportion eg 70/30), also
called as Green- PE.
3. Bio based And Bio Degradable :
Made from cellulose acetate (plant based) or
lactic acid based blends (or pure starch blends).
Eg :- PLA : Poly Lactic Acid
PHA : Poly Hydroxyalkanoate
4. Oil-Based and Bio-degradable:
Traditional oil based polymers which are
biodegradable have existed for many yearsand
usually being used for invivo applications such
as stents, tissue engineering and other biomaterial
applications.
Examples include PBS and PCL

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End Pipe Technology in Power:
• India has been responsible for almost 10% of the
increase in global energy demand since 2000. India’s
energy demand in this period has almost doubled,
pushing the country’s share in global demand up to
5.7% in 2013 from 4.4% at the beginning of the
century.
• The primary energy demand in India has grown from about
2 times 441 Mtoe in 2000 to about 775 Mtoe in 2013.
• Energy generated from Coal holds first place with – 56.09 % (205.1GW) installed
capacity
• Solar and wind power holds 10.61%(38.8 GW) and 10.59% (38.7 GW)
respectively.
• The global increase in energy demand, coupled with
environmental and cost impact of fossil fuels has become
the main driver for research and development of renewable
energy for societal needs. The renewable energy segment
is led by solar, wind and biomass.
• Expected increase -1250 Mtoe
• Estimated to 2030 – 1500 Mtoe
441
775
1250
1500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2000 2013 2020 2030
Energy consumption
in Mtoe
Energy consumption in Mtoe
A brief note on energy consumption in view of Global & India`s vision

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Wind power Statastics:
• India had added 1.45 GW of wind capacity in 2021,
• Target 30% Year to Year (YoY) increase compered to
1.11 GW installed in the pervious year.
• According to the recent published Global Wind
Energy Council (GWEC) report, India has set a
target of 140 GW of installed wind capacity by 2030.
• Due to Covid-19 tough situations, supply chain
logistics, import of raw materials installation process
slowed down.
Statistics of wind power installation in India Q4 2020 – Q42021
 And India has achieved 28% of the target.
 Wind energy helps avoid 329 million metric tons of CO2
emissions annually—equivalent to 71 million cars’
worth of emissions. (U.S only)
 India stands 3rd in RE Production Globally.
Fact check:

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India`s mission on Green energy resources
• The energy market is facing much more challenges, such
as limitation of fossil fuel reserves, increase in population,
dearth of energy security, economic and urbanization
growth, and water scarcity especially for the desert and dry
regions
• Geothermal energy is expected to supply 10–20% of
the world’s energy needs in 2050
• For establishment of Renewable Energy Management Centre
(REMC) . To control infrastructure like, reactive compensation,
storage systems, etc GOI vide their Office Memorandum dated
11.09.2017 has conveyed their sanction of Rs. 409 crore.
• The current estimated cost for Green Energy Corridor of intra
State and inter State transmission systems required to
evacuate RE power is Rs. 12693.94 Crore and Rs. 15455
Crore (revised figures),
• 20% to be funded by State govt
• 40% by National Clean Energy Fund (NCEF)
• Green Energy Corridor is a comprehensive scheme
for evacuation & integration of the renewable
energy (RE) capacity addition of 32,713 MW during
12th Plan Period. By GOI.

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Green Hydrogen - 'Fuel Of The Future'
• On its 75th Independence Day (15 August, 2021), India
launched the National Hydrogen Mission ("Mission") to
meet its climate targets and with an aim to make India
the global hub for manufacturing of, and largest
exporter of, green hydrogen.
• The Indian Government ("GoI") issued the Green
Hydrogen Policy on 17 February, 2022 ("Policy").
Time line of Hydrogen as fuel
• India`s vision on ‘NET ZERO’
• To achieve it by 2070.

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Energy ratings take the electrical energy input from heating and cooling
devices and compares it against the energy output. The results determine
how well the device performs against others in its class and places them
on a scale. The higher on the scale they’re placed, the more efficient the
appliance is.
Encouraging of eco friendly technology

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References:
• Bioplastics : Classification, Types and Uses (parekhplast.com)
• Wind Capacity Additions in India Up 30% YoY with 1.45 GW in 2021 - Mercom India
• Green Hydrogen - 'Fuel Of The Future' - Renewables - India (mondaq.com)
• Why Hydrogen Fuel is fundamental to clean energy targets — RatedPower
• air-conditioner-basics-10-638.jpg (638×479) (slidesharecdn.com)
• Hydrogen economy – Wikipedia
• Explaining Energy Ratings: 5 Common Questions, Answered (welterheating.com)
• Bureau of Energy Efficiency | A staturory body under Ministry of Power, Government of India
(beeindia.gov.in)
• Wind Power Facts and Statistics | ACP (cleanpower.org)
• Transmission Works under Green Energy Corridors-I | Government of India | Ministry of Power
(powermin.gov.in)
• Green Energy Corridor | Government of India | Ministry of Power (powermin.gov.in)
• National Electricity Plan | Government of India | Ministry of Power (powermin.gov.in)
• Andhra_Pradesh.pdf (powermin.gov.in)
• Electric Vehicle | Government of India | Ministry of Power (powermin.gov.in)
• Overview | Government of India | Ministry of Power (powermin.gov.in)
• Air Pollution from Thermal Power Plants in India - CPR (cprindia.org)
• The 5 Most Exciting New Solar Panel Technologies in 2022 (solarreviews.com)
• What India's net zero announcement means for businesses | ORF (orfonline.org)

15. Thank
You
Chiranjeevi
Vedantham
chiruv063@gmail.com