End of reconstruction
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Reconstruction ended in the late 1870s due to several factors: the loss of power by Radical Republicans in Congress, Northern fatigue with reforming the South, and a desire to return control of Southern governments to white Southerners. The disputed 1876 presidential election was resolved by a commission that awarded Rutherford B. Hayes the presidency in exchange for removing federal troops from the South. This withdrawal ended Reconstruction and allowed Southern states to restrict the rights of Black Americans by imposing poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses to limit Black voting, along with segregation that was deemed legal under Plessy v. Ferguson.
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After the Civil War, Reconstruction attempted to integrate the Southern states back into the Union and establish rights for African Americans. Black men gained the right to vote and held over 600 state legislature seats and 16 Congressional seats. However, the Ku Klux Klan used violence and intimidation tactics against blacks and Republicans. After federal troops withdrew from the South in 1877, Southern states passed Jim Crow laws enforcing racial segregation and restricting black voting through poll taxes and literacy tests, limiting the rights African Americans had gained.
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The document summarizes Reconstruction and the New South after the Civil War. It describes the huge problems facing the South after the war ended, including widespread ruin and refugees needing food, shelter, and work. It then outlines Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction, the passage of the 13th Amendment abolishing slavery, the rise of Radical Republican control pushing black suffrage and civil rights, the end of Reconstruction leading to the loss of black voting rights and rise of Jim Crow, and the eventual economic recovery of the South in later decades.
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The document provides an overview of Reconstruction in the United States following the Civil War. It discusses the key issues faced, such as how to rebuild the South and protect the rights of freed black people. Different approaches to Reconstruction are examined, from Lincoln's lenient 10% Plan to the more rigorous Radical Reconstruction under Congressional Republicans that established new governments in the South and protected civil rights through amendments and legislation. However, enforcement of these new rights proved difficult as white supremacist groups like the Ku Klux Klan resisted black political participation and violence increased.
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The document discusses different types of governments. It defines a government as a ruling power with authority to make laws, resolve disputes, and make administrative decisions to provide order and stability. It then describes various forms of government including dictatorship/totalitarianism ruled by one person or group with absolute power; direct democracy where all citizens make laws; limited monarchy where the monarch holds ceremonial power; absolute monarchy ruled by an all-powerful monarch; representative democracy/republic where citizens elect representatives; oligarchy ruled by a few people; aristocracy ruled by the wealthy class; theocracy with laws based on religion; and anarchy with no rules or government.
CHECKS AND BALANCES
The document discusses the concepts of checks and balances, separation of powers, and federalism in the US government. It explains that checks and balances prevents any one branch from becoming too powerful by giving each branch some control over the others. For example, if the president vetoes a bill, Congress can override the veto with a two-thirds vote. Separation of powers divides power among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches. Federalism shares power between national and state governments across three levels: federal, state, and local.
FACTORS OF PRODUCTION
The document outlines the four factors of production in economics: natural resources, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship. Natural resources are gifts from nature like land, water, animals, and minerals. Labor refers to the workforce, including anyone who works to produce goods and services. Capital consists of manufactured goods used to make other goods and services. Entrepreneurship involves individuals who start new businesses, introduce new products, or improve processes.
WHAT IS ECONOMICS?
Economics is the study of how people use limited resources to satisfy their needs and wants. A society must answer three basic economic questions: what goods and services to produce, how to produce them, and who gets the goods and services. The U.S. has a free enterprise system that offers benefits like giving consumers free choice and encouraging competition to provide the best products at the lowest prices.
THE FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY
This document defines key concepts in geography. Geography is the study of people, environment and resources. Landforms are physical features made by nature like mountains, rivers and oceans. Location can be absolute using coordinates or relative describing one place in relation to another. Regions group areas with common features based on land, plants/animals or culture. Movement describes how people, goods and ideas move globally. Place examines the human and physical characteristics of a location.
History1
The document discusses the definition and examination of history. It defines history as the collection and presentation of information about past events. There are two ways to examine historic events - through primary sources, which are original records created by eyewitnesses; and secondary sources, which are accounts created after the fact by non-witnesses. For a primary source to be considered legitimate, historians must authenticate it to ensure it is real and determine its reliability as an accurate account.
Wwii
World War II began in Europe in September 1939 when Germany invaded Poland, and in Asia in 1937 when Japan invaded China. Key events included Germany and Italy forming the Axis alliance with Japan in 1940, Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 which brought the US into the war as an ally of Britain and the Soviet Union against the Axis powers, the successful Allied invasion of Normandy in 1944, and the US dropping atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, leading Japan to surrender and end World War II.
Technology and resources
This document discusses creating flipped classroom lessons using technology. It emphasizes writing learning objectives, assessing students, and creating lessons that present knowledge using a variety of technological resources. Some key recommendations include using video, screencasts, audio recordings, and supplemental materials. Students can access these lessons at home via computer, mobile devices, or libraries. The document also outlines steps for creating the first flipped classroom lesson using the Sophia.org platform.
Radical republicans
Brief description about the Radical Republicans and how they contributed to the Reconstruction of the U.S. after the Civil War
EARLY RECONSTRUCTION
President Lincoln was concerned with reconstructing and reuniting the South after the Civil War. His Ten Percent Plan would allow Southern states to form new governments once 10% of voters swore loyalty to the Union. The Wade-Davis Bill required greater loyalty oaths and denied voting rights to Confederate supporters. The Freedmen's Bureau was established to provide food, clothing, jobs, healthcare and schools to freed slaves. Lincoln was assassinated in 1865 by John Wilkes Booth and succeeded by Andrew Johnson. The 13th Amendment then banned slavery throughout the United States.
Women in the civil war
Women played important roles during the Civil War despite official bans on their enlistment. An estimated 400-650 women disguised themselves as men to serve as soldiers, with Sarah Edmonds achieving the rank of private under the alias Franklin Thompson in the Union army. Most women worked as nurses, caring for wounded soldiers and saving many lives, with Clara Barton becoming the most famous for later founding the American Red Cross. A few women like Rose Greenhow also served as spies, gathering and passing along intelligence for both the Union and Confederacy.
Student skills
BRIEF UNDERSTANDING FOR STUDENTS TO LEARN HOW TO FOLLOW SIMPLE DIRECTIONS, GET THE TEACHER'S ATTENTION AND HOW TO LISTEN WHEN SOMEONE IS SPEAKING
CIVIL WAR TIMELINE
The document provides a timeline of key events during the American Civil War from 1860 to 1865, including Lincoln's election, southern states leaving the Union, the start of the war at Fort Sumter, the Emancipation Proclamation, General Sherman's strategy of total war, and the Confederacy's surrender at Appomattox. It also includes questions about these events.
SLAVERY DIVIDES THE NATION
The document discusses several key events that increased tensions between free and slave states and ultimately led to the Civil War. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 balanced the admission of free and slave states. Subsequent compromises and acts, like the Compromise of 1850 and the Kansas-Nebraska Act, failed to resolve conflicts over whether and where slavery would be allowed. The Dred Scott decision further inflamed tensions by denying citizenship to African Americans. After Lincoln's election in 1860 on an anti-slavery platform, several southern states seceded from the Union, leading to the outbreak of the Civil War when Confederate troops bombarded Fort Sumter in South Carolina in 1861.
Reform movement
The document summarizes various reform movements that emerged in the United States during the 1800s. It discusses Dorothea Dix's campaign for prison and mental institution reform, the Temperance movement to prohibit alcohol, and improvements in education supported by Horace Mann. The Abolitionist movement sought to end slavery and was advanced by figures like William Lloyd Garrison, the Grimke Sisters, Frederick Douglass, and Sojourner Truth. The Underground Railroad helped runaway slaves travel north. The women's rights movement grew out of abolitionism, with the Seneca Falls Convention demanding equality for women in work, schools, and churches.
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End of reconstruction
- 1. THE END OF RECONSTRUCTION
- 2. WHAT CAUSED THE END OF RECONSTRUCTION?? RADICAL REPUBLICANS WERE LOSING POWER MANY NORTHERNERS GREW TIRED OF TRYING TO REFORM THE SOUTH MANY FELT IT WAS TIME TO LET THE SOUTH RUN THEIR OWN GOVERNMENTS
- 3. WHAT CAUSED THE END OF RECONSTRUCTION?? CONGRESS PASSED THE AMNESTY ACT, GIVING THE RIGHT TO VOTE BACK TO WHITE SOUTHERNERS THE ELECTION OF 1876
- 4. RECONSTRUCTION ENDS WITH THE ELECTION OF 1876 THE ELECTION OF 1876 ENDED RECONSTRUCTION A DISPUTE OVER ELECTORAL VOTES BETWEEN HAYES AND TILDEN CAUSED A SPECIAL COMMISION TO SETTLE THE
- 5. COMPROMISE OF 1877 ISSUE. HAYES WAS GIVEN THE ELECTION AND AGREED TO REMOVE THE UNION TROOPS FROM THE SOUTH TO PLEASE THE SOUTHERN DEMOCRATS
- 6. RESTRICTED RIGHTS THE SOUTH WAS NOW BACK IN CONTROL OF THEIR GOVERNMENT AND PASSED LAWS TO KEEP AFRICAN AMERICAN MEN FROM VOTING
- 7. RESTRICTED RIGHTS POLL TAXES-VOTERS HAD TO PAY TO VOTE LITERACY TESTS-REQUIRED VOTERS TO READ AND EXPLAIN A SECTION OF THE CONSTITUTION GRANDFATHER CLAUSE-IF A VOTER'S FATHER OR GRANDFATHER VOTED IN THE PAST, VOTER WOULD BE ELIGIBLE TO VOTE
- 8. PLESSY V FERGUSON THE PLESSY VS FERGUSON CASE RULED SEPARATE BUT EQUAL WAS LEGAL. SEGREGATION- SEPARATION OF RACES WAS NOW LEGAL
- 9. PLESSY V FERGUSON THE FACILITIES FOR WHITES AND BLACKS WERE RARELY EQUAL
- 10. QUESTIONS??? 1. NAME ONE CAUSE THAT HELPED TO END RECONSTRUCTION 2. WHAT HAPPEN WITH THE ELECTION OF 1876? 3. WHAT IS A POLL TAX?
- 11. QUESTIONS??? 4. WHAT WAS A LITERACY TEST? 5. WHAT DID THE GRANDFATHER CLAUSE REQUIRE? 6. WHAT WAS THE RULING IN THE PLESSY V FERGUSON CASE?
- 12. QUESTIONS??? 7. HOW DID AFRICAN AMERICAN MEN RIGHTS TO VOTE BECOME RESTRICTED?