Electrolytes of the body when gets disturbed then there is a drastic change in the electric activity in the heart. These changes are presented in this Presentation. i hope this will help you guys somehow.

1. Electrolyte Imbalances and
EKG changes
Ahsan Sajjad
RMU-43

2. Hypokalemia
 Serum K <3.5meq/L
 MILD Hypokalemia is suggested by changes in the ECG,
including
 T-wave flattening
 U waves
 ST-segment depression

3. HYPOKALEMIA
More severe changes
 Prolonged PR interval
 Widening of the QRS comolex
 asystole

4. Don’t Forget about EKG
 ST depressions with prominent U waves and prolonged repolarization

6. Hyperkalemia
 Serum K >5meq/L
 Peaked T waves (tenting)
 Flattened P waves
 Prolonged PR interval (first-degree heart block)
 Widened QRS complex
 Sine-wave formation
 VF and cardiac arrest

8. EKG Changes
Note the “tented” or “pinched” shape to Twaves

9. HYPERCALCEMIA
 Corrected Ca 8.4-10.3 OR ionized Ca 4.2-5.2
is the normal range
 Corrected Ca=Ca+[0.8(4.0-Alb)]

10. Hypercalcemia
 Shortened QT interval <0.26sec
(usually when Ca2+ is >13 mg/dL)
 Prolonged PR and QRS intervals
 Increased QRS voltage
 T-wave flattening and widening
 Notching of QRS
 AV block: progresses to complete heart block, then to
cardiac arrest when serum calcium is >15 to 20 mg/dL

11. Hypercalcemia

12. Hypocalcemia
 QT-interval prolongation
 Terminal T-wave inversion
 Heart blocks
 Ventricular fibrillation

13. Hypocalcemia

14. Identify Following

15. MAGNESIUM(Mg)
 Normal range 1.3-2.2meq/L

16. Hypermagnesemia
In mild to moderate increase upto 5-10meqL
 Increased PR and QT intervals
 Increased QRS duration
 Variable decrease in P-wave voltage
 Variable degree of T-wave peaking
In severe hypermagnesemia>15meq/L
 Complete AV block, asystole

17. Hypomagnesemia
 Prolonged QT and PR intervals
 ST-segment depression
 T-wave inversion
 Flattening or inversion of precordial P waves
 Widening of QRS
 Torsades de pointes
 Treatment-resistant VF (and other arrhythmias)
 Worsening of digitalis toxicity

18. Questions

19.  Identify the elctrolye imbalance

20. Answer
 Hypercalcemia

21. Identify Following Electrolyte
imbalance

22. Answer
 Hypokalemia

23. Identify Following

24. Answer:
Hypocalcemia

25. Answer the Following
 Torsade De pointes is seen in
 Hypermagnesemia
 Hypercalcemia
 Hypokalemia
 Hypomagnesemia

26. Answer
 Hypomagnesemia

27.  ThanK you