Common Symptoms of Cardiovascular System and the causes. It tried to cover as much symptoms as i can. i hope it will help You somehow.

1. SYMPTOMTOLOGY OF
CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASES
Ahsan Sajjad
RMU-43

2. 2
SYMPTOMTOLOGY OF
CARDIOVASCULAR
DISEASES
DYSPNEA
CHEST PAIN
PALPITATIONS
DIZZINESS & SYNCOPE
PERIPHERAL EDEMA
SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS

3. 3
SYMPTOMTOLOGY OF
CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
1)DYSPNEA
DEFINITION
 ONSET
 Sudden
Ac. LVF
 H.T.
 M.I.
Arrhythmia

4. 4
DYSPNEA
Onset- cont
Gradual
H.T.
IHD
VHD
Fluid overload

5. 5
DYSPNEA-cont
 AGGRAVATING FACTORS
 RELIEVING FACTORS
 ORTHOPNEA
Dyspnea on lying flat
 PND
Dyspnea occurs suddenly ½ hr. to 4 hr.
after going to bed & is relieved after
10 –20 minutes

6. PAROXYSMAL NOCTURNAL DYSPNEA

7. 7
DYSPNEA-cont
NEW YORK HEART ASSOCIATION
CLASSIFICATION
GRADE-1 No breathlessness
GRADE-2 Breathlessness on moderate
exertion
GRADE-3 Breathlessness on mild
exertion
GRADE-4 Breathlessness at rest

8. 8
Symptomtology- cont
2) CHEST PAIN OR DISCOMFORT
ANGINA PECTORIS
M.I.
PERICARDITIS
AORTIC DISSECTION
MISCELLANEOUS CAUSES

9. 9
CHEST PAIN. Cont
1)ANGINA PECTORIS
Cardiac pain due to myocardial ischemia
SITE
RADIATION
DURATION
CHARACTER
AGGRAVATING FACTOR
RELIEVING FACTORS
ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS

10. 10
Chest pain-
ANGINA. Cont
1)SITE & RADIATION
CENTRAL
OPEN HAND OR FIST(rather than
pinpoint)
EPIGASTRIC
L- ARM,BOTH ARMS, JAW

11. SITE & RADIATION OF ANGINA

12. 12
Chest pain-
ANGINA. Cont
2)DURATION & AGGRAVATING & RELIEVING
FACTORS
5-20 minutes
Exertion
Excitement
Cold
Exercise after meal
Functional activity
Rest
GTN

13. 13
Chest pain-
ANGINA. Cont
CANADIAN CARDIOVASCULAR SOCIETY-
FUCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION
Grade-1 No limitation
Grade-2 Slight limitation
Grade-3 Marked limitation
Grade-4 Pain at rest

14. 14
Chest pain-
ANGINA. Cont
3)CHARACTER
Discomfort rather than pain
Tightness
Heaviness

15. 15
Chest pain-
ANGINA. Cont
4)ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS
Dyspnea
Sweating
Vomiting Usually absent
Nausea

16. 16
Chest pain-
ANGINA. Cont
TYPES OF ANGINA
EFFORT ANGINA
UNSTABLE ANGINA
DECUBITUS ANGINA
CRESCENDO ANGINA

17. 17
Chest pain-
ANGINA. Cont
ATYPICAL SYMPTOMS
Risk factors
Age
Sex
Smoking
H.T.
Diabetes

18. 18
Chest pain -cont
B ) MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
SITE & RADIATION
SEVERITY
DURATION
PPT. FACTORS
RELIEVING FACTORS
ASSOCIATED SYMPTOMS
PAINLESS M.I.

19. 19
Chest pain -cont
C-PERICARDITIS
More localized(Central or lateral chest wall)
Sharp-Stabbing or raw
No radiation
Changes with breathing & posture
Improves with NSAID’S
Preceded by viral illness

20. 20
Chest pain -cont
D-AORTIC DISSECTION
H/O H.T., Marfans synd,Aortic
aneurysm,Chest trauma
Sudden
Central –b/w scapulae
Tearing
Associated features

21. 21
Chest pain -cont
E- MISCELLANEOUS CHEST PAIN
CAUSES
Precordial catch (Da-Costa’s synd.)
M.V.P.

22. 22
Symptomtology- cont
C- PALPITATIONS
Awareness of heart beat
SINUS RHYTHM
SUSTAINED ABNORMAL RHYTHM
OCCASIONAL IRREGULARITIES OF
RHYTHM
All patients of arrhythmia may not be
symptomatic(A.F.)

23. 23
PALPITATIONS-cont
ASK ABOUT:
Onset & termination
Triggering factors
Exercise
Alcohol
Caffeine
Anxiety
Frequency
Duration of attack
Rhythm
Associated features

24. 24
PALPITATIONS-cont
a) Palpitations in sinus rhythm
EXERCISE
ANXIETY
STRESS
CAFFIENE
SMOKING
NIGHT TIME

25. 25
PALPITATIONS-cont
b) SUSTAINED ABNORMAL RHYTHM
Sudden
Minutes to hours
Unrelated to anxiety
ASK ABOUT:
Family h/o sudden death
Past h/o I.H.D.
Drugs

26. 26
PALPITATIONS-cont
c) ECTOPIC BEATS
Felt as missed beats
Ventricular
Benign in 10-15 %
At rest
Disappear with exercise
Atrial

27. 27
Symptomtology- cont
4)SYNCOPE & DIZZINESS
Dizziness- non cardiac
Syncope
Pre-syncope CARDIAC
Cardiac causes of syncope
Postural hypotention
Arrhythmia
L.V. Outflow obstruction

28. 28
Syncope- cont
1)Postural hypotention
Definition
Drugs
Dehydration
A.N. Neuropathy

29. 29
Syncope- cont
2)Arrhythmias
Bradyarrythmias
Sick sinus synd.
CHB
Drugs
Ventricular tachycardias

30. 30
Syncope- cont
3)L.V. Outflow obstruciton
Severe A.S.
H.O.C.M.
4)Other cardiac causes
Enhanced vagal sensitivity(Bradycardia + Vasodilatation)
 Fright
 Fear
 Micturition
 Cough
Carotid sinus hypersensitivity
 Uncommon
 Elderly
 Atrial myxoma

31. 31
Symptomtology- cont
5)PERIPHERAL EDEMA
Symptom
Sign
ANKLE
Unilateral
 DVT
 Cellulites
 Trauma
 Hemiplegia

32. 32
Edema- cont.
Bilateral
CCF
Hypoprotenemia
Lymph. Obstruction
I.V.C. obstruction
Immobility
SACRAL
GENERALISED

33. 33
Symptomtology- cont
6)SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS
a) Fatigue
 Heart failure
 Sustained arrhythmia
 Cyanotic heart disease
 Drugs
b)Anorexia
THE END