Electrical Equivalent Circuit Modeling of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy

1. ELECTRICALEQUIVALENT CIRCUIT MODELING
OFPEM FUELCELLBY
ELECTROCHEMICALIMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY
By,
S. Jenita 2nd M. Tech - RET, Dept. of EEE, KITS.
Internal Guide
Mr. Ajayan .S,
Assistant Professor - EEE,
KITS.
External Guide
Shri. Samrat Deb
Choudhury,
ESD/PCM,
VSSC, ISRO.
1

2. 2
PHASES INVOLVED
 Objective
 Introduction
 Literature survey
 Experimental setup
 Modeling of PEM Fuel Cell
 Results and discussions
 Conclusion
 References

3. 3
OBJECTIVE
 The main objective of this study is to model electrical
equivalent model of the fuel cell.
 To investigate the internal behavior and performance analysis
on proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
 The modeling has to be done for necessary improvements of
fuel cell.
 The importance of these analyses is to develop the most
efficient fuel cell for vehicles, industries or other related fields.

4. 4
INTRODUCTION
 Fuel Cells have a bright and important future, highly efficient
and suited to portable power generation.
 Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells are the most
popular type of fuel cell, and traditionally use hydrogen as
the fuel.
 The fuel cell electrical circuit has to be modeled to study the
internal behavior of cell.
 EIS is a very attractive and powerful technique in fuel cell
research and development.
 The EIS test is carried out with Solartron 1260A Frequency
Response Analyzer and Solartron 1287A
Potentiostatic/Galvanostatic.

5. 5
LITERATURE SURVEY
Authors Title of the paper Journal Volume Year
I. A. Mohammadi
G. Cirrincione
A. Djerdir
A NOVEL APPROACH FOR MODELING
THE INTERNAL BEHAVIOR OF A PEMFC
BY USING ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS
International
Journal of
Hydrogen Energy
Vol 43 2018
II. Z. Abdin
C.J. Webb
E.Mac
PEM FUEL CELL MODEL AND
SIMULATION IN MATLAB/SIMULINK
BASED ON
PHYSICAL PARAMETERS
Energy Vol 116 2016
III. Samuel Cruz Manzo
Rui Chen
AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT FOR
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF POLYMER
ELECTROLYTE FUEL CELL STACKS
USING ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE
SPECTROSCOPY
Journal of The
Electrochemical
Society
Vol 160 2013
IV. Saeed Asghari
Ali Mokmeli
Mahrokh Samavati
ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE
SPECTROSCOPY (EIS)
CHARACTERIZATION OF
REFORMATEOPERATED
HIGH TEMPERATURE PEM FUEL CELL
STACK
International
Journal of
Hydrogen Energy
Vol 35 2010

6. 6
ANODE GAS MIXTURE
𝒐 𝟐
CATHO
1 2 8 7 A
Po t ent io sta t
Ga lv a nostat
1 2 6 0 A
I m p e d a n c e / G a i n -
P h a s e A n a l y z e r
C o n t ro l
a n d
m o n i t o r
G U I
EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

7. 7
MODELING OF FUEL CELL
Computing The Parameters Of Electric Model
Nernst Equation 𝑉𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 𝐸𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 − 𝑉𝑎𝑐𝑡 − 𝑉𝑜ℎ𝑚 − 𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑛
𝐸𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 1.29 − 8.45𝑒−4
𝑇 − 273.15 + 4.31𝑒−4
. 𝑇. ln(𝑃 𝐻2. 𝑃𝑂2
0.5
)
Activation Loss 𝑉𝑎𝑐𝑡 =
𝑅.𝑇
𝑛.𝐹
. ln
𝑖
𝑖 𝑜
Ohmic Loss 𝑉𝑜ℎ𝑚 = 𝑖𝑅 𝑚; 𝑅 𝑚 =
𝑡 𝑚
𝜎 𝑚
𝜎 𝑚 =
181.6 1 + 0.03 𝑖 𝐴 + 0.062 𝑇 303 2
𝑖 𝐴 2.5
𝛌 𝑚−0.634 − 3 𝑖 𝐴 . 𝑒𝑥𝑝 4.18
𝑇 − 303.15
𝑇
Mass Transport Loss 𝑉𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑐 =
𝑅.𝑇
𝑛.𝐹
. 𝑙𝑛.
𝑖 𝑙𝑖𝑚
𝑖 𝑙𝑖𝑚−𝑖

8. TEST 1
The experiment is carried out with 1𝑐𝑚2 cell:
EIS at 100mV after 9000CV in 𝑂2, 1𝑐𝑚2- 6th cell
EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT MODEL
8

9. INSTANT FIT – TEST 1
9

10. NYQUISTAND BODE PLOT–TEST 1
1
0

11. TEST 2
The experiment is carried out with 1𝑐𝑚2 cell:
EIS at 400mV after 5000CV in 𝑂2, 1𝑐𝑚2- 6th cell
EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT MODEL
1
1

12. INSTANT FIT – TEST
2
1
2

13. 1
3
NYQUISTAND BODE PLOT–TEST 2

14. TEST 3
The experiment is carried out with 2𝑐𝑚2 cell:
EIS in 𝑂2 at 0.9V after 100pc-2𝑐𝑚2 5Tc-103- 45th cell
EQUIVALENT CIRCUIT MODEL
1
4

15. INSTANT FIT –
TEST 2
1
5

16. NYQUISTAND BODE PLOT–TEST 3
1
6

17. CONCLUSION
• EIS method is used to determine the electrical equivalent
circuit of the PEM Fuel Cell.
• So, by using basic electrical circuit components such as
resistors, capacitors, and inductors, the circuit model can
be used to accurately evaluate the electrical performance
of the fuel cell.
• Thus the impedance values are obtained for the fuel cell at
different frequencies at different time.
• This electrical equivalent circuit can enable an assessment
of the performance of the fuel cell stacks.
1
7

18. FUTURE SCOPE
• To derive impedance equation for the electrical circuit.
• To do simulation in MATLAB for the derived impedance
equation.
• To plot, the Nyquist plot.
• Compare the results of both Nyquist plot of MATLAB & Z-
VIEW.
• To check how accurate the model is.
1
8

19. REFERENCE
• Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in PEM fuel cells: fundamentals and
applications. chaojie song, haijiang wang, jiujun zhang, and xiao-zi yuan
• An electrical circuit for performance analysis of polymer electrolyte fuel cell stacks
using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy samuel cruz-manzo rui chenz.
• Enhanced graphical representation of electrochemical impedance data mark 2006;
153:b129-b136 E. Orazem, nadine pébère, bernard tribolletc.
• A novel approach for modeling the internal behavior of a PEMFC by using electrical
circuits 2018; 43:11539-11549 . A. Mohammadi, G. Cirrincione, A. Djerdir
• Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) characterization of reformate-operated
high Temperature PEM Fuel Cell 2017; 1:20-40 Simon Lennart Sahlin
1
9

20. REFERENCE
• PEM Fuel Cell Modeling and Simulation Using MATLAB Colleen Spiegel
• Modeling and simulation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell with
serpentine bipolar plate using matlab 2017; 1-24
• Electrical equivalent circuit modeling and parameter estimation for PEM fuel
cell 2017; 17:978-1-5090-5682-8
• Pem fuel cell model and simulation in matlab/simulink based on physical
parameters 2016; 116:1131-1134
• Matlab/simulink modeling and analysis of parametric effects on PEMFC
performance 2015; 15:978-1-4799-7247-0
• An electrical circuit for performance analysis of polymer electrolyte fuel cell
stacks using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Saeed Asghari, Ali
Mokmeli, Mahrokh Samavati
• Scribner-on-Fuel-Cell-Test-Methods-FC-Magazine-2005
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