Sessió del cicle Dijous amb l'OSRT. Albert Vinyals, psicòleg i professor de psicocreativitat a la UAB, va impartir un taller de creativitat en el que va analitzar diferents formes de gestió del pensament i com es poden aprofitar determinades eines mentals per aplicar-les a les tasques professionals.
La jornada forma part de cicle Dijous amb l’OSRT, amb el que l’Oficina de Suport a la Recerca i la Transferència (OSRT) de la Universitat Oberta de Catalunya.
O documento discute 10 causas comuns de fracassos em projetos web, incluindo falta de entendimento do escopo, crescimento desordenado do escopo, e falta de patrocínio. Ele também aborda sinais de que um projeto está problemático e fornece perguntas para ajudar a decidir se vale a pena recuperar ou terminar um projeto com problemas.
Diagrammes de Flux Guide PMBOK® 5e Édition en Français - Version simplifiéeRicardo Viana Vargas
Le flux de processus répresenté est basé sur les figures du Guide PMBOK. Seules les liaisons présentées dans les figures cités sont répresentées dans ce flux.
Et si nos pratiques de test étaient le frein à notre agilité ?Frantz Degrigny
Trop souvent nos équipes sont coincées par des pratiques de tests inadaptées. 💥
J’ai découvert, avec certaines équipes, des pratiques vraiment top. 👍
Je vais partager avec vous les pires et les meilleures pratiques observées en 10 ans de coaching d’équipes. 👨⚕️
Vous prendrez du recul sur vos pratiques. 🔎
Vous aurez aussi des exemples de ce que d’autres équipes font, à tester chez vous. ⚗
Revisa conceitos de Orientação a Objetos. Revisa conceitos de Padrões de Projeto.
Apresenta um breve histórico da evolução da arquitetura de software. Mostra a importância que a escolha do padrão arquitetural exerce na construção de software. Demonstra de maneira prática e em forma de experimento, um projeto de software Java que tenha sido aplicado os padrões arquiteturais adotados no mercado de trabalho, habilitando os alunos a definirem e utilizarem os padrões arquiteturais.
Minimum Viable Architecture - Good Enough is Good EnoughRandy Shoup
This document discusses the concept of minimal viable architecture and how architecture should evolve over time as a system grows. It recommends starting with simple prototypes and monolithic architectures, then transitioning to scalable architectures like microservices as needs increase. Key points are to solve current problems simply, use standard tools, iterate quickly, and focus on quality from the beginning rather than over-engineering prematurely. Architecture should progress from starting to scaling to optimizing phases as the system matures.
Diseño inteligente: Los animales ayudan a la ciencia a desarrollar innovacionesMiriam Serrano
El documento presenta varios ejemplos de cómo animales inspiran innovaciones tecnológicas. La aleta de la ballena jorobada, con sus protuberancias, mejora su maniobrabilidad en el agua y ahora se usa para diseñar timones y turbinas más eficientes. La trompa flexible del elefante, con 40,000 músculos, permite mover objetos pesados y ahora inspira robots industriales más ágiles. El plumaje del pingüino emperador, que atrapa aire, le permite nadar rápido
[1] O documento apresenta um método para conceber projetos de forma visual e simplificada através do "Project Model Canvas", com 13 passos para definir, integrar, resolver e compartilhar as informações essenciais do projeto.
[2] O método propõe resumir o projeto em uma "GP PITCH" e organizar suas informações em blocos como justificativas, objetivos, requisitos, custos, equipe, produto, restrições, benefícios, entregas, cronograma e riscos.
[3] A integração dos bloc
O documento discute 10 causas comuns de fracassos em projetos web, incluindo falta de entendimento do escopo, crescimento desordenado do escopo, e falta de patrocínio. Ele também aborda sinais de que um projeto está problemático e fornece perguntas para ajudar a decidir se vale a pena recuperar ou terminar um projeto com problemas.
Diagrammes de Flux Guide PMBOK® 5e Édition en Français - Version simplifiéeRicardo Viana Vargas
Le flux de processus répresenté est basé sur les figures du Guide PMBOK. Seules les liaisons présentées dans les figures cités sont répresentées dans ce flux.
Et si nos pratiques de test étaient le frein à notre agilité ?Frantz Degrigny
Trop souvent nos équipes sont coincées par des pratiques de tests inadaptées. 💥
J’ai découvert, avec certaines équipes, des pratiques vraiment top. 👍
Je vais partager avec vous les pires et les meilleures pratiques observées en 10 ans de coaching d’équipes. 👨⚕️
Vous prendrez du recul sur vos pratiques. 🔎
Vous aurez aussi des exemples de ce que d’autres équipes font, à tester chez vous. ⚗
Revisa conceitos de Orientação a Objetos. Revisa conceitos de Padrões de Projeto.
Apresenta um breve histórico da evolução da arquitetura de software. Mostra a importância que a escolha do padrão arquitetural exerce na construção de software. Demonstra de maneira prática e em forma de experimento, um projeto de software Java que tenha sido aplicado os padrões arquiteturais adotados no mercado de trabalho, habilitando os alunos a definirem e utilizarem os padrões arquiteturais.
Minimum Viable Architecture - Good Enough is Good EnoughRandy Shoup
This document discusses the concept of minimal viable architecture and how architecture should evolve over time as a system grows. It recommends starting with simple prototypes and monolithic architectures, then transitioning to scalable architectures like microservices as needs increase. Key points are to solve current problems simply, use standard tools, iterate quickly, and focus on quality from the beginning rather than over-engineering prematurely. Architecture should progress from starting to scaling to optimizing phases as the system matures.
Diseño inteligente: Los animales ayudan a la ciencia a desarrollar innovacionesMiriam Serrano
El documento presenta varios ejemplos de cómo animales inspiran innovaciones tecnológicas. La aleta de la ballena jorobada, con sus protuberancias, mejora su maniobrabilidad en el agua y ahora se usa para diseñar timones y turbinas más eficientes. La trompa flexible del elefante, con 40,000 músculos, permite mover objetos pesados y ahora inspira robots industriales más ágiles. El plumaje del pingüino emperador, que atrapa aire, le permite nadar rápido
[1] O documento apresenta um método para conceber projetos de forma visual e simplificada através do "Project Model Canvas", com 13 passos para definir, integrar, resolver e compartilhar as informações essenciais do projeto.
[2] O método propõe resumir o projeto em uma "GP PITCH" e organizar suas informações em blocos como justificativas, objetivos, requisitos, custos, equipe, produto, restrições, benefícios, entregas, cronograma e riscos.
[3] A integração dos bloc
As engineers we spend much of our time getting stuff to production and making sure our infrastructure doesn’t burn down out right. We however spend very little time learning to understand and respond to outages. Does our platform degrade in a graceful way or what does a high cpu load really mean? What can we learn from level 1 outages to be able to run our platforms more reliably.
Plenty of people are jumping on the new hype, Observability, lots of them are replacing their “legacy” monitoring stack. Not all of them achieve the goals they set. But observability is not a tool — it is a property of a system. Moving from many small black boxes to a more holistic view of your system.
In this talk we ll talk about how to prepare teams to tweak their testing and monitoring setup and work instructions to quickly observe, react to and resolve problems. We look at improving your monitoring by adapting your culture and then maybe your tooling. Where we as engineers not only write, maintain and operate our software platforms but actively pursue ways to learn and predict its (non-functional) behavior.
Furthermore we ll discuss the need for and the options of not only monitoring our platforms and it's envitable outages, but also their (potential) length and impact. We ll look at tools like at using Service Level Objects for ways to prepare teams to tweak their testing and monitoring setup and runbooks to quickly observe, react to and resolve problems.
Docker concepts and microservices architecture are discussed. Key points include:
- Microservices architecture involves breaking applications into small, independent services that communicate over well-defined APIs. Each service runs in its own process and communicates through lightweight mechanisms like REST/HTTP.
- Docker allows packaging and running applications securely isolated in lightweight containers from their dependencies and libraries. Docker images are used to launch containers which appear as isolated Linux systems running on the host.
- Common Docker commands demonstrated include pulling public images, running interactive containers, building custom images with Dockerfiles, and publishing images to Docker Hub registry.
Keeping CALM – Konsistenz in verteilten Systemen leichtgemachtSusanne Braun
The document discusses eventual consistency and monotonicity in distributed systems. It explains that monotonic problems have consistent, coordination-free distributed implementations because their output only depends on the input content, not order. This is known as the CALM theorem. The document uses a shopping cart example to demonstrate how representing state as two monotonic sets of added and deleted items allows processing actions in any order without conflicts.
2017 한국정보관리학회 하계학술대회 튜토리얼 발표자료 part04 입니다. 데이터 관리 계획서(Data Management Plan)에 대해 전반적인 이야기를 합니다. DMP 특징과 여러가지 DMP 템플릿을 비교한 결과가 담겨있습니다. NSF에서 요구하는 DMP의 요건에 대해 살펴봅니다.
O sistema automatizado de bagagens do aeroporto de Denver fracassou devido a uma combinação de fatores, incluindo um cronograma irrealista, mudanças de estratégia tardias, subestimar a complexidade do projeto e falta de integração entre a concepção do edifício e do sistema.
The document discusses decomposing a vision into user stories through epics and features. It provides examples of a vision, epics, features, and user stories for a peer-to-peer payment system. Teams worked through exercises to identify features and create corresponding user stories. Story mapping was used to arrange the stories by priority and identify an initial product release slice.
La empatía es la habilidad de sentir y comprender las emociones y perspectivas de otros sin juzgarlos. Fomenta la aceptación del prójimo y una mayor capacidad para el afecto. Además, la empatía favorece el desarrollo de la auto determinación y es esencial para el liderazgo efectivo, ya que sin ella es difícil alcanzar los objetivos globales de una empresa o proyecto.
Este documento contiene 10 enlaces a artículos y recursos sobre el desarrollo del pensamiento creativo en diferentes áreas educativas como las ciencias médicas, la publicidad, la geografía e historia. Los enlaces brindan ideas y estrategias para estimular la creatividad en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y evaluación que pueden ser útiles para docentes universitarios de diversas disciplinas.
La animación es la ilusión de movimiento creada al proyectar imágenes fijas una tras otra. Los primeros intentos de animación incluyen el zootropo de 1834. Con el advenimiento del cine, se desarrollaron técnicas como la animación de dibujos cuadro a cuadro y la animación stop-motion. Walt Disney introdujo técnicas como la rotoscopia y el "in-betweening" que mejoraron la productividad y calidad. La animación por computadora usa interpolaciones matemáticas para estimar valores intermedios entre
As engineers we spend much of our time getting stuff to production and making sure our infrastructure doesn’t burn down out right. We however spend very little time learning to understand and respond to outages. Does our platform degrade in a graceful way or what does a high cpu load really mean? What can we learn from level 1 outages to be able to run our platforms more reliably.
Plenty of people are jumping on the new hype, Observability, lots of them are replacing their “legacy” monitoring stack. Not all of them achieve the goals they set. But observability is not a tool — it is a property of a system. Moving from many small black boxes to a more holistic view of your system.
In this talk we ll talk about how to prepare teams to tweak their testing and monitoring setup and work instructions to quickly observe, react to and resolve problems. We look at improving your monitoring by adapting your culture and then maybe your tooling. Where we as engineers not only write, maintain and operate our software platforms but actively pursue ways to learn and predict its (non-functional) behavior.
Furthermore we ll discuss the need for and the options of not only monitoring our platforms and it's envitable outages, but also their (potential) length and impact. We ll look at tools like at using Service Level Objects for ways to prepare teams to tweak their testing and monitoring setup and runbooks to quickly observe, react to and resolve problems.
Docker concepts and microservices architecture are discussed. Key points include:
- Microservices architecture involves breaking applications into small, independent services that communicate over well-defined APIs. Each service runs in its own process and communicates through lightweight mechanisms like REST/HTTP.
- Docker allows packaging and running applications securely isolated in lightweight containers from their dependencies and libraries. Docker images are used to launch containers which appear as isolated Linux systems running on the host.
- Common Docker commands demonstrated include pulling public images, running interactive containers, building custom images with Dockerfiles, and publishing images to Docker Hub registry.
Keeping CALM – Konsistenz in verteilten Systemen leichtgemachtSusanne Braun
The document discusses eventual consistency and monotonicity in distributed systems. It explains that monotonic problems have consistent, coordination-free distributed implementations because their output only depends on the input content, not order. This is known as the CALM theorem. The document uses a shopping cart example to demonstrate how representing state as two monotonic sets of added and deleted items allows processing actions in any order without conflicts.
2017 한국정보관리학회 하계학술대회 튜토리얼 발표자료 part04 입니다. 데이터 관리 계획서(Data Management Plan)에 대해 전반적인 이야기를 합니다. DMP 특징과 여러가지 DMP 템플릿을 비교한 결과가 담겨있습니다. NSF에서 요구하는 DMP의 요건에 대해 살펴봅니다.
O sistema automatizado de bagagens do aeroporto de Denver fracassou devido a uma combinação de fatores, incluindo um cronograma irrealista, mudanças de estratégia tardias, subestimar a complexidade do projeto e falta de integração entre a concepção do edifício e do sistema.
The document discusses decomposing a vision into user stories through epics and features. It provides examples of a vision, epics, features, and user stories for a peer-to-peer payment system. Teams worked through exercises to identify features and create corresponding user stories. Story mapping was used to arrange the stories by priority and identify an initial product release slice.
La empatía es la habilidad de sentir y comprender las emociones y perspectivas de otros sin juzgarlos. Fomenta la aceptación del prójimo y una mayor capacidad para el afecto. Además, la empatía favorece el desarrollo de la auto determinación y es esencial para el liderazgo efectivo, ya que sin ella es difícil alcanzar los objetivos globales de una empresa o proyecto.
Este documento contiene 10 enlaces a artículos y recursos sobre el desarrollo del pensamiento creativo en diferentes áreas educativas como las ciencias médicas, la publicidad, la geografía e historia. Los enlaces brindan ideas y estrategias para estimular la creatividad en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje y evaluación que pueden ser útiles para docentes universitarios de diversas disciplinas.
La animación es la ilusión de movimiento creada al proyectar imágenes fijas una tras otra. Los primeros intentos de animación incluyen el zootropo de 1834. Con el advenimiento del cine, se desarrollaron técnicas como la animación de dibujos cuadro a cuadro y la animación stop-motion. Walt Disney introdujo técnicas como la rotoscopia y el "in-betweening" que mejoraron la productividad y calidad. La animación por computadora usa interpolaciones matemáticas para estimar valores intermedios entre
Este documento describe diferentes tipos de fobias, que son trastornos caracterizados por miedos intensos e irracionales hacia objetos o situaciones específicas. Se definen las fobias y sus orígenes etimológicos, y luego se enumeran y explican brevemente más de 100 fobias diferentes, incluyendo el miedo a insectos, alturas, oscuridad, agujas, perros, sangre, enfermedades y más.
El documento describe los procesos del pensamiento creativo. Explica que el pensamiento creativo es esencial para construir ideas nuevas y optimizar la inteligencia. También describe que el cerebro humano es capaz de almacenar grandes cantidades de información y generar pensamientos creativos a través de procesos como la preparación, incubación e iluminación. Además, señala que desarrollar nuestro potencial creativo requiere superar barreras como el rechazo y apego a esquemas rígidos.
Tema 7: pensamiento y lenguaje. Corregido para poder estudiarlo. Tomando como base la presentación que propne la Editorial Almadraba, se ha construído la siguiente presentación.
Taller de creativitat, dirigit a investigadors i docents de la UOC (Octubre, 2013).
La creatividad explicada de forma práctica, desde la visión de la Psicología.
El vídeo de la presentació: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uvau-PEmEpY
The document summarizes a webinar titled "Global Trends and Patterns of Violent Extremism: Finding New Responses" presented by Luca Gervasoni and Maria-Antònia Guardiola from the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya on June 15, 2016. The webinar covered definitions of extremism, radicalization, and terrorism; data on the impact and deaths from terrorism from 2000-2014 globally and in specific regions like Iraq and Nigeria; drivers of political terror and ongoing conflicts; responses to terrorism and their economic costs; and proposals for new prevention strategies focusing on countering propaganda, addressing radicalization in prisons, promoting inclusive education, and strengthening international cooperation.
During the 2011 wave of protests, millions of citizens around the globe employed a vast
range of digital media to demand greater democratic freedoms and social justice. Although
mobile phones were widely used in all these protests, their significance remains unclear.
This presentation draws from both qualitative and quantitative research to shed light on the recent uses of mobile technologies for social protest, with Spain’s Indignados (or 15M) movement as the case study. The authors (Arnau Monterde and John Postill) argue for the importance of processual analyses of the new protests that situate the uniqueness of each mobile technology and “mobile ensemble” within a particular moment in the collective biography of a movement. This approach reveals the importance of smartphones as new articulators of online spaces and occupied physical spaces, especially via Twitter and live streaming.
Integrity aims to ensure that the actions of public officials and employees are consistent
with the law in order to prevent conflicts of interest and corruption. Conflicts of interest can lead to favouritism, abuse of power, discrimination, a lack of impartiality and objectivity, and, ultimately, corruption. Integrity facilitates appropriate management of the various interests at stake and, thus, prevents conflicts of interest that could lead to corruption in public procurement.
In this presentation Agustí Cerrillo examines the mechanisms that ensure integrity in public procurement through transparency, good management, prevention of conflicts of interest and control and accountability mechanisms. It also explores how these mechanisms are reflected in the Spanish legal framework.
It also analyses different measures to guarantee integrity included in the several
plans of democratic regeneration passed by Spanish public administration. It also studies the Act 19/2013, of 3 December, on transparency, access to public sector information and good governance and Directive 2014/24/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 26 February 2014 on public procurement.
In recent years, the Smart City has become a very popular concept amongst policymakers
and urban planners. However, at the same time as new urban Smart interventions are being designed and applied, insufficient attention has been paid to how these strategies are inserted into the wider political economy and, in particular, the political ecology of urban transformation.
Therefore, in this presentation the authors (Hug March and Ramon Ribera-Fumaz) critically explore the implementation of the Smart City, tracing how the “environment” and environmental concerns have become an organising principle in Barcelona’s Smart City strategy. Through an urban political ecology prism they aim to critically reflect upon the contradictions of the currently existing Smart City in Barcelona and
how Smart discourses and practices might be intentionally or unintentionally mobilised in
ways that serve to depoliticise urban redevelopment and environmental management. The
presentation stresses the need to repoliticize the debates on the Smart City and put citizens back at the centre of the urban debate.
In this presentation the authors (Milagros Sáinz, Julio Meneses, Beatriz-Soledad López and Sergi Fàbregues) examine young people’s gender-stereotyped beliefs and attitudes about people working in ICT. Nine hundred students from Catalonia (51% girls) enrolled in the last course of junior secondary education (mean of age=15 years old; S.D.=1.73) participated. As expected, the boys and girls held several stereotypical beliefs about ICT professionals. , These stereotypical beliefs described a masculine portrayal of ICT workers. Contrary to expectations, most of the students’ portrayals of people working in ICT were either positive or neutral, not negative. Likewise, and contrary to predictions, young males did not show more positive attitudes towards ICT professionals than girls. No gender differences were observed in the type of characteristics associated with ICT professionals. However, young females were more likely to offer feminine references about professions where ICT is the tool rather than the object of their work.
This presentation endeavours to shed some light on the notion of co-creation in the global context of new media user participation and its relationship with innovation. A non-directed case study focused on digital photography is presented, enabling an analysis of co-creation through the lens of the theories of creativity. Consequently, through connecting creativity with this fieldwork, the authors (Gemma San Cornelio and Edgar Gómez Cruz) suggest that the transformation of a cultural field by means of co-creation can lead to innovations that affect the entire field.
In this presentation the authors (Hug March, David Suarí, David Suarí) explore the shift towards desalination as an alternative to other water supply options such as river regulation or inter-basin water transfers. Desalination has been seen as the cure for everything that dams and inter-basin water transfers
were unable to solve, including droughts, scarcities, social conflicts, environmental impacts, and political rivalries among the different Spanish regions. Desalination also means a new and powerful element in water planning and management that could provide water for the continuous expansion of the urban and tourism growth machine in Mediterranean Spain and thus relax possible water constraints on this growth. However, by 2012 most new desalination plants along the Mediterranean coast remained almost idle. Focusing on the case of the Mancomunidad de los Canales del Taibillla in south-eastern Spain, the authors objective is to develop a critical, integrated and reflexive perspective on the use of desalination as a source of water for urban and regional growth.
This paper investigates the critical role of workers to enhance the resilience of water supply
services in cities at war through analyzing the case of Madrid and the Madrid water company
Canales del Lozoya during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939). The authors (Santiago Gorostiza, Hug March and David Saurí) argue that securing the protection of vital urban flows mediated through infrastructures is a key objective of cities under attack. They illustrate how ordinary knowledge of the urban geography
of water flows may have important repercussions for the war effort itself.
This presentation explores the variety of socio-material arrangements that enable older people to continue living independently. Drawing on a collection of ethnographic observations and interviews with telecare users the author (Daniel López) conducted at their homes in 2004 and 2008, he analyses in detail how the process of adopting the service makes visible and puts to the test certain arrangements that already exist, providing room for their modification and the creation of new ones. Rather than replacing existing arrangements with new solutions, I suggest maintenance infrastructures be devised to support the bounded and inalienable undertaking of caring for these arrangements which configure our autonomous, yet ageing lives.
This study analyses students’ perceptions of how the collaborative construction of a project online facilitates the acquisition of digital competences. The authors (María Pérez-Mateo, Marc Romero and Teresa Romeu) examine the methodological approach, within the context of the Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC), of the subject: ICT Competences. This subject is conducted fully online at the UOC, and learners are required to engage in a collaborative project organized in 4 phases: Starting, Structuring, Developing, Concluding. Based on an evaluation research approach, quantitative and qualitative data from a survey have been triangulated. The conclusions
reinforce the importance of Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) processes,
the need to put forward pedagogical proposals for the acquisition of both digital and collaborative
competences and the relevant role of the teacher in this process.
User retention is a major goal for higher education institutions running their teaching and
learning programmes online. This is the first investigation into how the senses of presence
and flow, together with perceptions about two central elements of the virtual education environment (didactic resource quality and instructor attitude), facilitate the user’s intention to continue e-learning. The authors (Inma Rodriguez-Ardura and Antoni Meseguer-Artola) use data collected from a large sample survey of current users in a pure e-learning environment along with objective data about their performance. The presentation offers practical suggestions for institutions and instructors who aim to provide effective e-learning experiences.
In recent years, several studies have been carried out into the reasons why students drop out of online higher education. However, more effort has gone into analyzing the causes of this phenomenon than into trying to characterize students who drop out, that is defining what a dropout is.
As one of the
main findings of this article, the authors (Josep Grau-Valldosera and Julià Minguillón) reach a pure empirical definition, at a programme level, of students who drop out of an online higher education context with non-mandatory enrolment. This definition is based on the probability of students not continuing a specific academic programme following several consecutive semesters of “theoretical break”, and is highly adaptable to institutions offering distance education with no permanence requirements. Analyzing the reasons behind these facts should help higher education institutions to make more sound and efficient decisions.
The use of P2P networks for multimedia distribution has spread out globally in recent years.
Therefore, there is a strong need for a content distribution mechanism over P2P networks that do not pose security and privacy threats to the copyright holders or to end users, respectively. The existent systems for copyright and privacy protection employ cryptographic mechanisms at a cost of high computational burden which makes these systems impractical for distributing large files. In this presentation, the authors (Amna Qureshi, David Megías, Helena Rifà-Pous) propose and analyse a P2P content distribution system which allows efficient distribution of large-sized content while preserving the security and privacy of merchants and buyers, respectively. The experimental results confirm that the framework provides an efficient solution to copyright infringement issues over P2P networks, while protecting the end users’ privacy.
In this presentation the authors (David Masip, Michael S. North, Alexander Todorov, Daniel N. Osherson) introduce a computer vision problem from social cognition, namely, the automated detection of attitudes from a person’s spontaneous facial expressions. To illustrate the challenges, they introduce two simple algorithms designed to predict observers’ preferences between images (eg, of celebrities) based on covert videos of the observers’ faces. The two algorithms are almost as accurate as human judges performing the same task but nonetheless far from perfect.
In this presentation the authors (Angel A. Juan, Jarrod Goentzel, Tolga Bektas) discuss the vehicle routing problem with multiple driving ranges. The presentation describes an integer programming formulation and a multi-round heuristic algorithm
that iteratively constructs a solution to the problem. Using a set of benchmarks adapted
from the literature, the algorithm is employed to analyse how distance-based costs are increased when considering ‘greener’ fleet configurations – ie, when using electric vehicles
with different degrees of autonomy.
Presence is the feeling of being within a virtual environment and the perception of that landscape. Presence is a distinct form of imagery triggered by digital media that exists on an imagery continuum from thought to imagination. Presence involves narrative transportation and cognitive elaboration.
Location-based applications require knowing the user position constantly in order to find out and provide information about user’s context. There is a need for new methods that calculate the location of users in indoor environments using smartphone sensors. In this presentation the authors (Laia Descamps-Vila, Antoni Perez-Navarro, Jordi Conesa) address that problem by presenting two methods that estimate the user position through a smartphone.
Anonymization of graph-based data is a problem which has been widely studied in recent years and several anonymization methods have been developed. In this presentation the authors (Jordi Casas-Roma, Jordi Herrera-Joancomartí, Vicenç Torra) study different generic information
loss measures for graphs comparing such measures to the cluster-specific ones. They evaluate whether the generic information loss measures are indicative of the usefulness of the data for subsequent data mining processes.
More from UOC Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (20)
Anonymizing Graphs: Measuring Quality for Clustering
Eines fomentar el pensament creatiu
1. Oficina de Suport a la Recerca i la
Transferència de la UOC
Cicle Dijous amb l’OSRT
Eines per fomentar el
pensament creatiu
Albert Vinyals
Barcelona, 30 d’octubre de 2014
http://w.uoc.edu/osrt
2. Taller de pensament creatiu
Albert Vinyals i Ros
Psicocreatiu. Professor de psicologia del consumidor a ESCODI i la UAB.
4. 1- Què significa ser creatiu/va?
Característiques de les persones creatives:
a) Motivació intrínseca.
b) Trets de personalitat
c) Perseverança
d) Afluència i curiositat
e) Seguir un mètode
f) Entrenar-se a mirar diferent.
g) Treball en equip
h) Dotar de valor les idees.
i) Entendre la creativitat com una forma de pensar.
2- Optimització dels recursos mentals
2.1. Atenció.
2.2. Ment instintiva
2.3. Ment emocional. Intuïció.
2.4. La ment analítica. Hemisferi esquerre.
2.5. La ment planificadora. Lòbul pre-frontal.
2.6. El pensament lateral.
5. Qui és el creatiu/va?
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
6. “La creativitat és 99% transpiració i un 1% inspiració” (Thomas Eddison)
“Si algun dia vienen las musas me encontraran trabajando”
(Pablo Picasso)
1.1. Característiques dels creatius/ves
a) Motivació
10.000 hores
(Malcolm Gladwell)
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
7. 1.1. Característiques dels creatius/ves
b) Trets de personalitat.
Atret per la novetat Sexualment atractiu
Sumís Afectat
Autoconfiat Conservador
De pocs interessos Amb humor
Capaç Honest
De recursos Insatisfet
Previngut D’amplis interessos
Egoista Ingeniós
Individualista Sincer
Informal Suspicaç
Reflexiu Intel·ligent
Inventiu Llest
De bones maneres Original
Poc convencional Normal i corrent
Segur
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
8. Atret per la novetat Afectat
Autoconfiat Conservador
Amb humor De pocs interessos
Capaç De bones maneres
D’amplis interessos Honest
De recursos Insatisfet
Egoista Normal i corrent
Ingeniós Previngut
Individualista Sincer
Informal Suspicaç
Intel·ligent Sumís
Inventiu Resten 1 punt
Llest
Original
Poc convencional
Reflexiu
Segur
Sexualment atractiu
Sumen 1 punt
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
“Creativity Test: Gough Personality Scale (Gough, 1979) ”
9. Res nou sota el sol.
Eclesiástes
1.1. Característiques dels creatius/ves
c) Perseverança. Aprendre dels errors
”Sempre existirà un nen asiàtic fent-ho millor que tú”
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
Lo que fue, eso será. Lo que ya se hizo, eso es lo que se
hará; no se hace nada nuevo bajo el sol"
10. d) Curiositat i afluència
Cerca vertical i horitzontal. www.infonomia.es
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NlOpnMalSA8 Basket
“Cuan vano es sentarse a escribir cuando aún no te has levantado a vivir”
Henry David Thoreau.
11. Resolució de problemes en el procés creatiu:
1. Preparació: Manipulació mental.
2. Incubació: l’inconscient “atén” el problema.
3. Il·luminació-insight: Reordar per solucionar el problema.
4. Verificació: elaborar, perfeccionar i revisar.
5. Aplicació: praxis.
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
e) Seguir un mètode
12. “Niños” - C de C
Plata del Club de
Creativos 2004
13. f) Entrenar-se a mirar diferent
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
“La creativitat és veure el que ningú més veu”. Ferran Adrià
Sortir de la zona de confort
14. g) Treball en equip
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
Interdisciplinari
15. h) Aportar idees amb “valor” i donar valor a les idees.
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
16. Però.... QUÈ ÉS LA CREATIVITAT?
“El pensament creatiu no és tant veure el que encara ningú ha vist,
sinó pensar el que encara ningú ha pensat sobre el que tots
veiem”. A. Szent-Györgyi
Capacitat de projectar nous
camins a una necessitat.
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
http://www.mibamuseum.com/
17. “Musculació
mental”
FLEXIBILITAT: resolució de problemes des de diferents prismes.
TOLERÀNCIA: capacitat d'afrontar problemes ambigus, o
amb plantejaments poc clars.
CURIOSITAT: avarícia pel coneixement.
AFLUÈNCIA: mirada ample per trobar més d'una possibilitat.
ORIGINALITAT: elecció contra la norma.
MOTIVACIÓ: utilització de tots els recursos personals.
FLUÏDESA: aportar un gran nombre de solucions.
RACIONALITAT: actuar amb solvència, sense deixar-se
portar pels “miratges”, seguint un objectiu.
i) Creativitat és una forma de pensar
1) QUÈ SIGNIFICA SER CREATIU/VA?
18. 2) OPTIMITZANTRECURSOSMENTALS
“Triune Brain
theory” P.
MacLean
(1985)
3 CERVELLS
diferenciats
filogenèticament.
“La creativitat en educació és tant important com l'alfabetització i haurien de
tenir el mateix estatus”
Ken Robinson, ¿Matan las escuelas la creatividad?, TED 2006
21. Intuïció:
“Sabem més del que sabem que sabem”. (David G. Myers).
• La intuïció no és innata, és apresa.
• Ment inconscient.
ESTÍMUL
Percepció
Cervell “emocional” (vivències,
coneixements implícits) + hemisferi dret
=
23. 2.3. La ment planificadora Pre-frontal.
Alta capacitat d’aprenentatge.
Bassada en la comprensió de les ments anteriors i en la previsió
de las conseqüències futures.
Eines de planificació:
Establir prioritats.
Avaluació de riscos. Arbre de decisions.
Taules de decisions.
Comparació 2 a 2.
Elaboració d’avantprojectes.
Elaboració de projectes.
Etc.
24. Software de creació de mapes mentals.
• http://www.mindjet.com/mindmanager/
• http://www.xmind.net/
Usar tècniques d’anàlisis de dades i planificació
25. Els 6 barrets de pensar. (De Bono)
Concepte: deixar l’ego de banda, al representar un rol concret.
Permet usar “tipus de pensaments” per separat.
Exemple de resolució creativa de conflictes i/o cerca de solucions.
Metodologia: grupal. Cada membre es posa un barret i pensa sobre el
problema plantejat, segons les normes establertes pel color
d’aquest. Discussió grupal.
Utilitat: descodificar idees des de diferents punts de vista.
• El pensar se transforma en un joc
• Permet estudiar una idea i analitzar-la a fons.
e) TÈCNIQUES CREATIVITAT:
26. Objectivitat i neutralitat
Pessimista, aspectes negatius. : Organitza i controla el procés
de pensament. Està per sobre els altres.
Només aspectes no racionals.
Cerca noves idees, alternatives...
2) OPTIMITZANT RECURSOS MENTALS
Els 6 barrets de pensar. (Edward De Bono)
27. Página Nº 26
• Selectiu
• Segueix una direcció
• Necessita constrictors
• Seqüencial
• Analític
• Categories fixes
PENSAMENT
VERTICAL
CONVERGENT
• Creador
• Crea les direccions
• Sense constrictors
• Fa salts
• Provocador
• Categories no fixes
PENSAMENT
LATERAL
DIVERGENT
2) OPTIMITZANT RECURSOS MENTALS
2.4. El pensament lateral (Hemisferi dret)
28. La majoria de tècniques es basen en 2 principis:
- Principi de la bi-sociació: superposar 2 elements de
coneixement generalment no associats.
- Principi del desordre: vèncer la inèrcia de l’aprés.
Deconstruir.
• Com usar el pensament lateral?
2) OPTIMITZANT RECURSOS MENTALS
29. e) TÈCNIQUES CREATIVITAT:
Abans d’usar les tècniques hem d’establir els objectius desitjats. Volem:
Obtenir fluïdesa:
Generació d’idees, no quedar-se amb una única resposta. Tècniques
d’excitació. Ex: Brainstorming.
Ser flexible:
Tenir la capacitat d’acceptar nous i diferents punts de vista. Ex. Ús d’Analogies,
o el judici
Ser original:
Trobar l’aplicació d’un concepte en un context diferent al qual pertany.
Obtenir elaboració:
Aprofundir l’anàlisi, per obtenir una visió més elaborada sobre el tema.
2) OPTIMITZANT RECURSOS MENTALS
30. BRAINSTORMING: (Alex Osborn, 1963)
QUÈ ÉS?: tècnica grupal per 8-10 persones coneixedores del problema,
dirigides per un moderador que incentiva el deliri, anul·la la crítica i adreça
la sessió.
OBJETIU: quantitat màxima d’idees aportades. En una sessió posterior es
filtren i poleixen. Cerca espontaneïtat, exaltació i extravagància
Aspectes relacionats amb la seva utilitat:
Permet la generació de gran quantitat d’idees.
Desbloqueja mentalment.
2) OPTIMITZANT RECURSOS MENTALS
Tècniques per obtenir fluïdesa.
31. Brainstorming musical:
I don't understand why people are frightened of new ideas. I'm
frightened of the old ones”. John Cage
Música: gran poder d’evocació, cohesió grupal, lligada a
la imaginació, inconscient i al sistema límbic.
Enllaçar la idea que volem desenvolupar, amb les emocions i
idees evocades per la música, generant nous conceptes.
2) OPTIMITZANT RECURSOS MENTALS
Exemple de Brainstorming.
32. Sinèctica (bi-sociació)
Ús d’analogies. Relaciona les lògiques de dos objectes, conceptes o
situacions totalment diferents. (W. Gordon)
• Analogies directes: comparar directament dos conceptes
• Analogies personals: es descriu el problema en primera
persona .
• Analogies simbòliques: usar una imatge global diferent de
la realitat, per descriure el problema.
• Analogies fantàstiques: es trasllada el problema a un món
ideal, o màgic.
2) OPTIMITZANT RECURSOS MENTALS
• Com usar el pensament lateral?
33. 2.5. La ment analítica: Hemisferi esquerre.
Responsable de:
• Capacitat d'anàlisi i argumentació.
• Capacitat de raonament lògic.
Treballa mitjançant estratègies cognitives:
• Trobar relacions i interseccions.
• Organitza la informació. Elimina alternatives.
• Visualització de les solucions.
• Treball per translació.
• Automatitza.
• Superar bloquejos mentals.
• Empatitza.
• Etc.
34. La ment analítica és lenta.
Respon el més ràpidament possible
- Si avances el segon en quina posició quedes?
- Si avances l’últim?
- Per què els barbers de Blanes prefereixen tallar el cabell a
10 persones amb sobrepès, que a una prima?
- Quants individus de cada espècie, va emportar-se Moisés a
la seva arca?
35. S’han d’evitar fixacions.
Un pare i un fill tenen un accident de circulació. Els dos sobreviuen,
però el fill queda molt malmès.
Van a l’hospital més proper i els metges veuen que només el podrà
salvar una gran eminència de la medicina, que treballa a un altre
hospital.
Truquen a l’eminència i li expliquen la situació. La seva resposta és que
ja coneix la situació, ja que el noi és el seu fill.
Com pot ser això?