This document summarizes a research paper that proposes a new grid-based broadcasting mechanism for mobile ad hoc networks. The paper argues that flooding approaches to broadcasting are inefficient and cause network congestion. The proposed approach divides the network into a hierarchical grid structure. When a node needs to broadcast a message, it sends the message to the first node in the appropriate grid, which is then responsible for updating and forwarding the message within that grid. Simulation results showed the grid-based approach outperformed other broadcasting protocols and was more reliable, efficient and scalable.
Abstract Now a day’s wireless sensor network has become an interesting research field. Network life time and energy efficiency are one of the main concerns for wireless sensor networks. Sensors are constrained in terms of battery power, storage, limited processing capacity etc. Because of these reasons new protocols are proposed for wireless sensor network. This paper only deals with cluster based hierarchical protocol TEEN (Threshold Sensitive Energy Efficient Sensor Network Protocol). The sensor network architecture in TEEN is based on a hierarchical clustering. TEEN is data-centric, reactive, event-driven protocol which is best suited for time critical application. It transmits data based on hard threshold and soft threshold values. If the thresholds are not reached, then nodes will never communicate. The user will not get any data from network and will not come to know if all the nodes die. So, user will not be able to distinguish between how many nodes are alive or dead in network and will not be able to know about network lifetime. This paper deals with that node will be able to tell base station or sink before leaving network and base station will be aware of alive and dead nodes in the network. Keywords: WSN; TEEN (Threshold Sensitive Energy Efficient Clustering); Hard Threshold; Soft Threshold;
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
LOAD BALANCING AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN WSN BY CLUSTER JOINING METHODIAEME Publication
In any WSN life of network is depending on life of sensor node. Thus, proper load balancing is very useful for improving life of network. The tree-based routing protocols like GSTEB used dynamic tree structures for routing without any formation of collections. In cases of larger networks, the scheme is not always feasible. In this proposed work cluster-based routing method is used. Cluster head is selected such that it should be close to the base station and should have maximum residential energy than other nodes selected for cluster formation. Size of cluster is controlled by using location-based cluster joining method such that nodes selects their nearest collection head based on the signal strength from cluster head and distance between node and cluster head. Nodes connect to head having the highest signal strength and closest to the base station, this minimizes size of cluster and reduces extra energy consumption. In addition to this cluster formation process starts only after availability of data due to an event. So proposed protocol performs better than existing tree based protocols like GSTEB in terms of energy efficiency
A QoI Based Energy Efficient Clustering for Dense Wireless Sensor Networkijassn
In a wireless sensor network Quality of Information (QoI), Energy Efficiency, Redundant data avoidance,
congestion control are the important metrics that affect the performance of wireless sensor network. As
many approaches were proposed to increase the performance of a wireless sensor network among them
clustering is one of the efficient approaches in sensor network. Many clustering algorithms concentrate
mainly on power Optimization like FSCH, LEACH, and EELBCRP. There is necessity of the above
metrics in wireless sensor network where nodes are densely deployed in a given network area. As the nodes
are deployed densely there is maximum possibility of nodes appear in the sensing region of other nodes. So
there exists an option that nodes have to send the information that is already reached the base station by its
own cluster members or by members of other clusters. This mechanism will affect the QoI, Energy factor
and congestion control of the wireless sensor networks. Even though clustering uses TDMA (Time Division
Multiple Access) for avoiding congestion control for intra clustering data transmission, but it may fail in
some critical situation. This paper proposed a energy efficient clustering which avoid data redundancy in a
dense sensor network until the network becomes sparse and hence uses the TDMA efficiently during high
density of the nodes.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Algorithmic Construction of Optimal and Load Balanced Clusters in Wireless Se...M H
This paper proposes a clustering algorithm - Ba-lanced Minimum Radius Clustering (BMRC) - for use in large scale, distributed Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Cluster balancing is an intractable problem to solve in a distributed manner, and distribution is important, by reason of both avoiding specialised node vulnerability and minimising message overhead.The BMRC algorithm described here distributes several of the cluster balancing functions to the cluster-heads. In proposing this algorithm, several tentative claims have been made for it, namely that it is suitable for arbitrary number of cluster heads; that its pecifies a way to elect cluster heads and use them to create the local models; that it accomplishes optimal balanced clusters in distributed manner; that it is scalable and it uses the number-of-hops as a clustering parameter; that it is energy efficient. These claims were studied and verified by simulation.
SVD Based Robust Digital Watermarking For Still Images Using Wavelet Transform cscpconf
This paper aims at developing a hybrid image watermarking algorithm which satisfies both
imperceptibility and robustness requirements. In order to achieve our objectives we have used
singular values of Wavelet Transformation’s HL and LH sub bands to embed watermark.
Further to increase and control the strength of the watermark, we use a scale factor. An optimal
watermark embedding method is developed to achieve minimum watermarking distortion. A
secret embedding key is designed to securely embed the fragile watermarks so that the new
method is robust to counterfeiting, even when the malicious attackers are fully aware of the
watermark embedding algorithm. Experimental results are provided in terms of Peak signal to
noise ratio (PSNR), Normalized cross correlation (NCC) and gain factor to demonstrate the
effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Image operations such as JPEG compression from
malicious image attacks and, thus, can be used for semi-fragile watermarking
Using Neighbor’s State Cross-correlation to Accelerate Adaptation in Docitiv...paperpublications3
Abstract: In WSN, sensor nodes have limited energy budget therefore this paper mainly focus on power saving by using the docition paradigm. Docition is a new teacher-student paradigm proposed to improve cognitive radio. Although it improves the infrastruc¬ture based networks it has a weakness in case of ad-hoc mobile net¬works. The energy constraints and the total mobility of the net¬work complicate the selection of the appropriate teacher for a student. By selecting the wrong teacher, there is a high probabil¬ity that the taught information may be faulty, and thus the student radio diverges from the best state. This causes a high amount of energy loss, though the most important concern in ad-hoc networks is energy limitation. In this paper, we propose a dynamic docition for teacher selection based on the auto-correla¬tion degree of the teacher’s candidate environment and the cross-correlation degree between the teacher candidate and the student environments. We validate our approach in the context of coexist¬ence between WSN and WiFi. The WSN detects, models and exploits the unused time slots in the electromagnetic spectrum, left by WiFi, using dynamic docition. The simulation results show that the use of dynamic docition outperforms the existing docition in mobile networks. The improvements are shown through the low link overhead percentage (20% less overhead) and the low packet loss ratio (30% improvement).
Keywords: Docitive; Online Prediction Problem; WSN; pareto model; IEEE802.11 b/g;cognitive radio.
Title: Using Neighbor’s State Cross-correlation to Accelerate Adaptation in Docitive WSN
Author: Dr. Charbel Nicolas
ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Paper Publications
Analysis of Genetic Algorithm for Effective power Delivery and with Best Upsurgeijeei-iaes
Wireless network is ready for hundreds or thousands of nodes, where each node is connected to one or sometimes more sensors. WSN sensor integrated circuits, embedded systems, networks, modems, wireless communication and dissemination of information. The sensor may be an obligation to technology and science. Recent developments underway to miniaturization and low power consumption. They act as a gateway, and prospective clients, I usually have the data on the server WSN. Other components separate routing network routers, called calculating and distributing routing tables. Discussed the routing of wireless energy balance. Optimization solutions, we have created a genetic algorithm. Before selecting an algorithm proposed for the construction of the center console. In this study, the algorithms proposed model simulated results based on "parameters depending dead nodes, the number of bits transmitted to a base station, where the number of units sent to the heads of fuel consumption compared to replay and show that the proposed algorithm has a network of a relative.
Design of a Reliable Wireless Sensor Network with Optimized Energy Efficiency...paperpublications3
Abstract: Data gathering in wireless sensor network (WSN) is a crucial field of study and it can be optimized various algorithms like clustering, aggregation, and cryptographic technique in order to reliably transfer data between sensor and sink. But these techniques do not provide an optimized data gathering wireless sensor network because of the fact that they do not leverage the advantages of various techniques. Our problem definition is to create a reliable data gathering wireless sensor network which ensures good energy efficiency and lower delay as compared to existing techniques.
Keywords: Aggregation, Clustering, Data Gathering, Cryptography, Data Compression, Run Length Encoding.
Title: Design of a Reliable Wireless Sensor Network with Optimized Energy Efficiency and Delay
Author: Neelam Ashok Meshram
ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Paper Publications
Efficient radio resource allocation scheme for 5G networks with device-to-devi...IJECEIAES
A vital technology in the next-generation cellular network is device-to-device (D2D) communication. Cellular user enabled with D2D communication provides high spectral efficiency and further increases the coverage area of the cell, especially for the end-cell users and blind spot areas. However, the implementation of D2D communication increases interference among the cellular and D2D users. In this paper, we proposed a radio resource allocation (RRA) algorithm to manage the interference using fractional frequency reuse (FFR) scheme and Hungarian algorithm. The proposed algorithm is divided into three parts. First, the FFR scheme allocates different frequency bands among the cell (inner and outer region) for both the cellular and the D2D users to reduce the interference. Second, the Hungarian weighted bipartite matching algorithm is used to allocate the resources to D2D users with the minimum total system interference, while maintaining the total system sum rate. The cellular users share the resources with more than one D2D pair. Lastly, the local search technique of swapping is used for further allocation to minimize the interference. We implemented two types of assignments, fair multiple assignment, and restricted multiple assignment. We compared our results with existing algorithms which verified that our proposed algorithm provides outstanding results in aspects like interference reduction and system sum rate. For restricted multiple assignment, 60-70% of the D2D users are allocated in average cases.
Tech transfer making it as a risk free approach in pharmaceutical and biotech iniaemedu
Tech transfer is a common methodology for transferring new products or an existing
commercial product to R&D or to another manufacturing site. Transferring product knowledge to the
manufacturing floor is crucial and it is an ongoing approach in the pharmaceutical and biotech
industry. Without adopting this process, no company can manufacture its niche products, let alone
market them. Technology transfer is a complicated, process because it is highly cross functional. Due
to its cross functional dependence, these projects face numerous risks and failure. If anidea cannot be
successfully brought out in the form of a product, there is no customer benefit, or satisfaction.
Moreover, high emphasis is in sustaining manufacturing with highest quality each and every time. It
is vital that tech transfer projects need to be executed flawlessly. To accomplish this goal, risk
management is crucial and project team needs to use the risk management approach seamlessly.
Abstract Now a day’s wireless sensor network has become an interesting research field. Network life time and energy efficiency are one of the main concerns for wireless sensor networks. Sensors are constrained in terms of battery power, storage, limited processing capacity etc. Because of these reasons new protocols are proposed for wireless sensor network. This paper only deals with cluster based hierarchical protocol TEEN (Threshold Sensitive Energy Efficient Sensor Network Protocol). The sensor network architecture in TEEN is based on a hierarchical clustering. TEEN is data-centric, reactive, event-driven protocol which is best suited for time critical application. It transmits data based on hard threshold and soft threshold values. If the thresholds are not reached, then nodes will never communicate. The user will not get any data from network and will not come to know if all the nodes die. So, user will not be able to distinguish between how many nodes are alive or dead in network and will not be able to know about network lifetime. This paper deals with that node will be able to tell base station or sink before leaving network and base station will be aware of alive and dead nodes in the network. Keywords: WSN; TEEN (Threshold Sensitive Energy Efficient Clustering); Hard Threshold; Soft Threshold;
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
LOAD BALANCING AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN WSN BY CLUSTER JOINING METHODIAEME Publication
In any WSN life of network is depending on life of sensor node. Thus, proper load balancing is very useful for improving life of network. The tree-based routing protocols like GSTEB used dynamic tree structures for routing without any formation of collections. In cases of larger networks, the scheme is not always feasible. In this proposed work cluster-based routing method is used. Cluster head is selected such that it should be close to the base station and should have maximum residential energy than other nodes selected for cluster formation. Size of cluster is controlled by using location-based cluster joining method such that nodes selects their nearest collection head based on the signal strength from cluster head and distance between node and cluster head. Nodes connect to head having the highest signal strength and closest to the base station, this minimizes size of cluster and reduces extra energy consumption. In addition to this cluster formation process starts only after availability of data due to an event. So proposed protocol performs better than existing tree based protocols like GSTEB in terms of energy efficiency
A QoI Based Energy Efficient Clustering for Dense Wireless Sensor Networkijassn
In a wireless sensor network Quality of Information (QoI), Energy Efficiency, Redundant data avoidance,
congestion control are the important metrics that affect the performance of wireless sensor network. As
many approaches were proposed to increase the performance of a wireless sensor network among them
clustering is one of the efficient approaches in sensor network. Many clustering algorithms concentrate
mainly on power Optimization like FSCH, LEACH, and EELBCRP. There is necessity of the above
metrics in wireless sensor network where nodes are densely deployed in a given network area. As the nodes
are deployed densely there is maximum possibility of nodes appear in the sensing region of other nodes. So
there exists an option that nodes have to send the information that is already reached the base station by its
own cluster members or by members of other clusters. This mechanism will affect the QoI, Energy factor
and congestion control of the wireless sensor networks. Even though clustering uses TDMA (Time Division
Multiple Access) for avoiding congestion control for intra clustering data transmission, but it may fail in
some critical situation. This paper proposed a energy efficient clustering which avoid data redundancy in a
dense sensor network until the network becomes sparse and hence uses the TDMA efficiently during high
density of the nodes.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Algorithmic Construction of Optimal and Load Balanced Clusters in Wireless Se...M H
This paper proposes a clustering algorithm - Ba-lanced Minimum Radius Clustering (BMRC) - for use in large scale, distributed Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN). Cluster balancing is an intractable problem to solve in a distributed manner, and distribution is important, by reason of both avoiding specialised node vulnerability and minimising message overhead.The BMRC algorithm described here distributes several of the cluster balancing functions to the cluster-heads. In proposing this algorithm, several tentative claims have been made for it, namely that it is suitable for arbitrary number of cluster heads; that its pecifies a way to elect cluster heads and use them to create the local models; that it accomplishes optimal balanced clusters in distributed manner; that it is scalable and it uses the number-of-hops as a clustering parameter; that it is energy efficient. These claims were studied and verified by simulation.
SVD Based Robust Digital Watermarking For Still Images Using Wavelet Transform cscpconf
This paper aims at developing a hybrid image watermarking algorithm which satisfies both
imperceptibility and robustness requirements. In order to achieve our objectives we have used
singular values of Wavelet Transformation’s HL and LH sub bands to embed watermark.
Further to increase and control the strength of the watermark, we use a scale factor. An optimal
watermark embedding method is developed to achieve minimum watermarking distortion. A
secret embedding key is designed to securely embed the fragile watermarks so that the new
method is robust to counterfeiting, even when the malicious attackers are fully aware of the
watermark embedding algorithm. Experimental results are provided in terms of Peak signal to
noise ratio (PSNR), Normalized cross correlation (NCC) and gain factor to demonstrate the
effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Image operations such as JPEG compression from
malicious image attacks and, thus, can be used for semi-fragile watermarking
Using Neighbor’s State Cross-correlation to Accelerate Adaptation in Docitiv...paperpublications3
Abstract: In WSN, sensor nodes have limited energy budget therefore this paper mainly focus on power saving by using the docition paradigm. Docition is a new teacher-student paradigm proposed to improve cognitive radio. Although it improves the infrastruc¬ture based networks it has a weakness in case of ad-hoc mobile net¬works. The energy constraints and the total mobility of the net¬work complicate the selection of the appropriate teacher for a student. By selecting the wrong teacher, there is a high probabil¬ity that the taught information may be faulty, and thus the student radio diverges from the best state. This causes a high amount of energy loss, though the most important concern in ad-hoc networks is energy limitation. In this paper, we propose a dynamic docition for teacher selection based on the auto-correla¬tion degree of the teacher’s candidate environment and the cross-correlation degree between the teacher candidate and the student environments. We validate our approach in the context of coexist¬ence between WSN and WiFi. The WSN detects, models and exploits the unused time slots in the electromagnetic spectrum, left by WiFi, using dynamic docition. The simulation results show that the use of dynamic docition outperforms the existing docition in mobile networks. The improvements are shown through the low link overhead percentage (20% less overhead) and the low packet loss ratio (30% improvement).
Keywords: Docitive; Online Prediction Problem; WSN; pareto model; IEEE802.11 b/g;cognitive radio.
Title: Using Neighbor’s State Cross-correlation to Accelerate Adaptation in Docitive WSN
Author: Dr. Charbel Nicolas
ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Paper Publications
Analysis of Genetic Algorithm for Effective power Delivery and with Best Upsurgeijeei-iaes
Wireless network is ready for hundreds or thousands of nodes, where each node is connected to one or sometimes more sensors. WSN sensor integrated circuits, embedded systems, networks, modems, wireless communication and dissemination of information. The sensor may be an obligation to technology and science. Recent developments underway to miniaturization and low power consumption. They act as a gateway, and prospective clients, I usually have the data on the server WSN. Other components separate routing network routers, called calculating and distributing routing tables. Discussed the routing of wireless energy balance. Optimization solutions, we have created a genetic algorithm. Before selecting an algorithm proposed for the construction of the center console. In this study, the algorithms proposed model simulated results based on "parameters depending dead nodes, the number of bits transmitted to a base station, where the number of units sent to the heads of fuel consumption compared to replay and show that the proposed algorithm has a network of a relative.
Design of a Reliable Wireless Sensor Network with Optimized Energy Efficiency...paperpublications3
Abstract: Data gathering in wireless sensor network (WSN) is a crucial field of study and it can be optimized various algorithms like clustering, aggregation, and cryptographic technique in order to reliably transfer data between sensor and sink. But these techniques do not provide an optimized data gathering wireless sensor network because of the fact that they do not leverage the advantages of various techniques. Our problem definition is to create a reliable data gathering wireless sensor network which ensures good energy efficiency and lower delay as compared to existing techniques.
Keywords: Aggregation, Clustering, Data Gathering, Cryptography, Data Compression, Run Length Encoding.
Title: Design of a Reliable Wireless Sensor Network with Optimized Energy Efficiency and Delay
Author: Neelam Ashok Meshram
ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Paper Publications
Efficient radio resource allocation scheme for 5G networks with device-to-devi...IJECEIAES
A vital technology in the next-generation cellular network is device-to-device (D2D) communication. Cellular user enabled with D2D communication provides high spectral efficiency and further increases the coverage area of the cell, especially for the end-cell users and blind spot areas. However, the implementation of D2D communication increases interference among the cellular and D2D users. In this paper, we proposed a radio resource allocation (RRA) algorithm to manage the interference using fractional frequency reuse (FFR) scheme and Hungarian algorithm. The proposed algorithm is divided into three parts. First, the FFR scheme allocates different frequency bands among the cell (inner and outer region) for both the cellular and the D2D users to reduce the interference. Second, the Hungarian weighted bipartite matching algorithm is used to allocate the resources to D2D users with the minimum total system interference, while maintaining the total system sum rate. The cellular users share the resources with more than one D2D pair. Lastly, the local search technique of swapping is used for further allocation to minimize the interference. We implemented two types of assignments, fair multiple assignment, and restricted multiple assignment. We compared our results with existing algorithms which verified that our proposed algorithm provides outstanding results in aspects like interference reduction and system sum rate. For restricted multiple assignment, 60-70% of the D2D users are allocated in average cases.
Tech transfer making it as a risk free approach in pharmaceutical and biotech iniaemedu
Tech transfer is a common methodology for transferring new products or an existing
commercial product to R&D or to another manufacturing site. Transferring product knowledge to the
manufacturing floor is crucial and it is an ongoing approach in the pharmaceutical and biotech
industry. Without adopting this process, no company can manufacture its niche products, let alone
market them. Technology transfer is a complicated, process because it is highly cross functional. Due
to its cross functional dependence, these projects face numerous risks and failure. If anidea cannot be
successfully brought out in the form of a product, there is no customer benefit, or satisfaction.
Moreover, high emphasis is in sustaining manufacturing with highest quality each and every time. It
is vital that tech transfer projects need to be executed flawlessly. To accomplish this goal, risk
management is crucial and project team needs to use the risk management approach seamlessly.
Research Proposal - Developmental Entrepreneurship in Sub-Saharan Africagueste31845
This document contains the preliminary research proposal for identifying developmental entrepreneurship opportunities that will generate both social and financial value. It includes a broad discussion of contextual factors associated with this research, and it proposes a methodology for developing a casual theory for predicting these social and financial returns a given entity would generate when addressing a given opportunity. Lastly, it delineates a range of benefits associated with the intended findings – foremost of which is enhancement of the alleviation of global poverty. Those living in embryonic markets, especially those in extreme poverty, will benefit from a powerful lever to improve standards of living, increase incomes and employment opportunities, and propagate a range of broader societal and developmental benefits. It is for these people – those in greatest need – that this work has the most value and why it is right that we undertake it.
Presentation for PMIIC - Open Membership Meeting 74th on 26th October 2016 at Multimatics - AXA Tower 37th Floor - Jakarta, Indonesia.
Presentation Duration: 2 hours
Presentation Content: This presentation describes the risks and challenges for IT Project Managers when managing IT projects especially in banking industry.
Secure data storage over distributed nodes in network through broadcast techn...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Designing an opportunistic routing scheme for adaptive clustering in mobile a...eSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology.
Designing an opportunistic routing scheme for adaptive clustering in mobile a...eSAT Journals
Abstract Mobile networks have received great deal of attention during last few decades due to their potential applications such as large scale, improved flexibility and reduced costs. This proposed work addresses two problems associated with mobile network such as method to reduce overhead between the nodes, and energy balanced routing of packets by Co-Operative opportunistic routing for cluster based communication. We propose a modified algorithm that uses On-Demand Opportunistic Group mobility based clustering (ODOGMBC) for forming the cluster and predicting the cluster mobility by neighbourhood update algorithm. Cluster formation involves election of a mobile node as Cluster head. Each cluster comprises of cluster head and non-cluster head node that forms a cluster dynamically. Each node in the network continuously finds it neighbour by communicating with them, and nodes have consistent updated routing information in route cache by neighbourhood update algorithm. In routing process packet forwarded by the source node is updated by intermediate forwarder if topology undergo changes. This opportunistic routing scheme provides responsive data transportation and managing the node effectively, even in heavily loaded environment. Thus, our proposed routing technique helps us to reduce overhead, increases efficiency and better control of path selection. Keywords- Clustering, Forwarder, MANET, Prediction, Reactive, opportunistic routing.
A Comparison of Routing Protocol for WSNs: Redundancy Based Approach A Compar...ijeei-iaes
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) with their dynamic applications gained a tremendous attention of researchers. Constant monitoring of critical situations attracted researchers to utilize WSNs at vast platforms. The main focus in WSNs is to enhance network localization as much as one could, for efficient and optimal utilization of resources. Different approaches based upon redundancy are proposed for optimum functionality. Localization is always related with redundancy of sensor nodes deployed at remote areas for constant and fault tolerant monitoring. In this work, we propose a comparison of classic flooding and the gossip protocol for homogenous networks which enhances stability and throughput quiet significantly.
Analysis of multi hop relay algorithm for efficient broadcasting in manetseSAT Publishing House
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
IRJET-Mobility Aware Refined Counter Based Broadcasting Model of MANETIRJET Journal
Manjusha Deshmukh,Ratnadeep Deshmukh, Sangeeta Kakarwal, "Mobility Aware Refined Counter Based Broadcasting Model of MANET", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET), Vol2,issue-01 March 2015. p-ISSN:2395-0056, e-ISSN:2395-0072. www.irjet.net ,published by Fast Track Publications
Abstract
The MANET is a special type of wireles mobile network in which mobile hosts can communicate without any aid of established infrastructure. Broadcast or flooding is a dissemination technique oparamount importance in mobile ad-hoc networks MANETs are generating lots of interest due to their dynamic topology and decentralized administration Due to the mobility of nodes there are many problem occurred during the packet transmission. Basic routing protocols such as Ad hoc on Demand Distance Vecto(AODV), Dynamic source routing (DSR) could lead toissues such as Broadcast Storm Problem, Large power consumption, link failure due to mobility. Counter based approaches inhibit a node from broadcasting a packet based on number of copies of the broadcaspacket received by the node within a random accessdelay time. It relies on the threshold value to decide whether or not to forward broadcast packet. In this paper, model is proposed which refines the counter based threshold based on network density and the mobility of nodes. The paper refined the sparse threshold as low sparse threshold and high sparse threshold and dense threshold as low dense threshold and high dense threshold.
Constructing Minimum Connected Dominating Set in Mobile Ad Hoc NetworksGiselleginaGloria
One of the most important challenges of a Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) is to ensure efficient routing among its nodes. A Connected Dominating Set (CDS) is a widely used concept by many protocols for broadcasting and routing in MANETs. Those existing protocols require significant message overhead in construction of CDS. In this paper, we propose a simple, inexpensive and novel algorithm of computing a minimum CDS. The proposed algorithm saves time and message overhead in forming a CDS while supporting node mobility efficiently. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is efficient in terms of both message complexity and the size of the CDS.
ENERGY EFFICIENT AND SECURED GEOCAST PROTOCOL IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK DEPL...ijwmn
In recent years, sensor networks are often deployed in several geographical regions to study certain
phenomena. In this case, it may therefore happen that it is necessary to send a message to all the nodes of
one or more regions for example to ask them to go into sleep mode. This problem is known in the literature
as geographical routing (geocast). Several works have been proposed to solve this problem. In this paper
we propose an energy-efficient and secured geocast protocol for a WSN deployed in space with data
guarantee delivery to all nodes placed in one or more geocast regions. Our protocol consists of two major
parts which are complementary and in addition of being secured, it is energy-efficient due to the fact that
few messages are exchanged between the sensors during the first part of the algorithm.
ENERGY EFFICIENT AND SECURED GEOCAST PROTOCOL IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK DEPL...ijwmn
In recent years, sensor networks are often deployed in several geographical regions to study certain phenomena. In this case, it may therefore happen that it is necessary to send a message to all the nodes of one or more regions for example to ask them to go into sleep mode. This problem is known in the literature as geographical routing (geocast). Several works have been proposed to solve this problem. In this paper we propose an energy-efficient and secured geocast protocol for a WSN deployed in space with data guarantee delivery to all nodes placed in one or more geocast regions. Our protocol consists of two major parts which are complementary and in addition of being secured, it is energy-efficient due to the fact that few messages are exchanged between the sensors during the first part of the algorithm.
An optimistic sector oriented approach to mitigate broadcast storm problem in...IAEME Publication
In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), due to frequent changes in topology there exist more
link breakages which lead to high rate of path failures and route discoveries, which cause an
increased routing control overhead. Thus, it is necessary to reduce the overhead of route discovery in
the design of routing protocols for MANETs. In a route discovery, broadcasting may be an
elementary and effective data dissemination mechanism, wherever a mobile node blindly
rebroadcasts the first received route request packets unless it has a route to the destination, and
therefore it causes the broadcast storm problem. This paper proposes an optimistic approach OpSOA
to mitigate the broadcasting storm problem and to scale back the communication overheads of
routing protocols by forming sectors within the network and finding the route to destination by two
sectors at a time. The simulation result shows that the proposed mechanism substantially reduces
route requests. Since the proposed protocol searches for the destination sector wise thereby reducing
network wide broadcast of routing requests, traffic, collision and contention. There by there can be
an increase in the packet delivery ratio and decrease in the average end-to-end delay
Abstract
Routing in MANET is one of the most researched areas in the field of networking; moreover it is one of the most complex tasks.
RF based transmission techniques are widely used in wireless communication networks. Due to the availability of sophisticated
optical components, the networking domain could be merged with optical domain to have a higher capacity and better
transmission. So in order to overcome the disadvantages of RF domain, we can use light as a medium between nodes. i.e, FSOMANET.
This work is aimed at designing an efficient routing in FSO MANET. This paper proposes a method to find the stable
path as well as stable nodes between the source and destination. The steps are as follows. i) Topology Management ii) Trust Level
Calculation iii) Award and Reward ranking iv)Path Selection. The proposed technique will be implemented in the working
platform of MATLAB.
Keywords: Mobile Ad Hoc Network, Free Space Optics, Link Stability, Delay Tolerant Networking, Clustering
Technique, Award and Reward
Reliable and Efficient Data Acquisition in Wireless Sensor NetworkIJMTST Journal
The sensors in the WSN sense the surrounding, collects the data and transfers the data to the sink node. It
has been observed that the sensor nodes are deactivated or damaged when exposed to certain radiations or
due to energy problems. This damage leads to the temporary isolation of the nodes from the network which
results in the formation of the holes. These holes are dynamic in nature and can grow and shrink depending
upon the factors causing the damage to the sensor nodes. So a solution has been presented in the base paper
where the dual mode i.e. Radio frequency and the Acoustic mode are considered so that the data can be
transferred easily. Based on this a survey has been done where several factors are studied so that the
performance of the system can be increased.
Similar to Effective broadcasting in mobile ad hoc networks using grid (20)