The Egyptian education system consists of kindergarten, primary school (6 years), preparatory school (3 years), secondary school (3 years), and tertiary education (4-6 years). Government schools provide the national Arabic curriculum, while private schools include ordinary schools, language schools, and religious schools. The education system faces challenges like overcrowded classrooms, outdated teaching practices, and an exam-focused system that emphasizes memorization over skills like problem-solving. Overall, the document provides an overview of the structure and types of schools in Egypt's education system as well as some of its current challenges.

1. Education in Egypt

2. public education system in Egypt
• Kindergarten for two years.
• Primary school for six years.
• Preparatory school for three years.
• Secondary school stage is for three
years,for ages 15 to 17.
• Tertiary level for four ,five , six years .

3. Types of Schools
o Government Schools:
• Arabic Schools
• Experimental Language Schools
o Private Schools:
• Ordinary schools
• Language schools
• Religious Schools
• International Schools

4. Government Schools
• Arabic Schools: provide the governmental
national curriculum in the Arabic language
• Experimental Language Schools, teach most
of the government curriculum (Science,
Mathematics and Computer) in English, and
adds French as a second foreign language in
Preparatory Education. An Advanced English
language curriculum is provided in all
Educational stages.

5. Private Schools
• Ordinary schools, their curriculum is quite similar to that of the
government schools, but the private schools pay more attention to the
students' personal needs and to the school facilities.
• Language schools, teach most of the government curriculum in English,
and add French or German as a second foreign language. They are
expected to be better than the other schools, because of the facilities
available, but their fees are much higher.
• Religious Schools, are religiously oriented schools as Azhar schools or
Catholic schools.
• International Schools, are private schools that follow another country's
curriculum, like a British, American, or French system, and the degrees
earned from them get official certification from the Ministry of Education,
to be eligible to enroll in Egyptian universities, such schools offer even
better facilities & activities than regular private schools with higher fees,
but are criticized to be providing a much easier education level compared
to the general curriculum.

6. Education stages in Egypt
• Pre-Primary education:
Between ages 4 and 6, children can attend
voluntary kindergartens with a pedagogical
program. Up to 25% of Egyptian kids do this in the
late 2000's

7. Primary education
Education within the public program is compulsory
for all children between 6 and 15 years of age, 9
years. It is divided into two sections, first 6, then 3
years. In many areas enrollment is far from 100%,
and there are rural areas where some 50% of all
eligible children do not attend school. For Egypt in
total, about 95% attend primary school.
There are both private and public, about 8% attend
private schools, which in many cases offer superior
quality to public schools. Reports show that quality
of education is quite variable, many public schools
are good, some most inadequate.
Drop out rates are high, and only 50% of children
complete the first 6 years. More girls quit than boys,
early marriage remains a reason for this even now
that minimum legal age to marry has been set to 16.
Completion of the last 3 years of primary education
results in the Basic Education Completion Certificate
or the Certificate in Vocational Basic Education, used
for entry into secondary schools.

8. Secondary education
Most public secondary education programs
requires the completion of 9 basic years of
primary education, and as many as 70-80%
continue on to secondary. There is a relative
equilibrium between the percentage of boys
and girls at secondary level.
There are 2 directions: General; and Vocational
and Technical. About 1/3 of secondary pupils
follow the General, 2/3 the Vocational and
Technical.
General secondary, which prepares for
university studies, lasts 3 years. The concluding
exam and degree is called Certificate of
General Secondary Education, which is one of
the requirements for admission into
universities.
Vocational and technical, which is a complete
degree preparing for work life, lasts 3 to 5
years. These schools are divided into Industrial;
Commercial; and Agricultural. Many vocational
programs are offered for children that have not
completed the 9 years, the numbers attending
these programs are quite high.

9. Higher education
Today, Egypt has 34 universities, of which 18 are public. Most of
the growth in the number of universities happened before 1990,
when there already were 14 public universities. Presently, more
than 25% go to university, but only half graduate. About 40% of
Egyptian students are women.
Public universities are free, the only fee paid are the rather modest
registration fees.
The quality of Egyptian universities varies extremely. Some offer
good education, some poor. The best universities meet high
international standards. The largest university is the Al-Azhar, with
350,000 students is one of the universities making a claim on being
the oldest in the world, as it was founded in 972. It was until quite
recently an exclusively religious university, today it has included a
slightly wider array of programs. The foremost of universities is
Cairo University, founded in 1908, with 230,000 students.
Institutions have little to say in defining the curriculum and
educational programs. Presently there is an undergoing program to
reform higher education.
Since 2002, 12 new private universities have been established,
these come as a response to the demands for specializations as
well as for better quality. These universities require tuition fees,
making them available only to the affluent part of the Egyptian
society.
Arabic is the language of instruction in humanities, social studies,
education, law, commerce, economics and political sciences,
information, social service, tourism and hotels. English is widely
used in the faculties of medicine, pharmacology, dentistry science
and engineering.

10. Educational crisis
• untrained teachers
• obsolete teaching practices
• Families are increasingly in despair to find schools that adequately prepare their
children for the thanawiyya ‘amma, the national exam that determines whether a
student can move on to a college education.
• Rather than moving to fix the failing educational system, Egypt’s turn to
liberalism stimulated the development of a hierar-chy of increasingly expensive
private schools.
• Privatization extends even into the free, public schools, where poorly paid
teachers offer private tutoring for a fee, often in public school buildings. Many
teachers make the bulk of their incomes through such les-sons, and parents often
fear that to refuse to pay for private tutoring means their children will be less
competitive than their peers.
• I am sure that many of us noticed that many of today’s kids cannot do the math
without a calculator like many of us older people. Many also can’t read, talk or
write as well either. Not all, but a lot more than before. I get comments every day
about this problem. We used to be among the best in high school education four
decades ago. We are now 34th in math in the world. Our children have been
dumbed down for decades by an antiquated education system, that tracks neither
the money spent per school, nor the educational results that they accomplish for
our tax money, per month or quarter.

11. •I am sure that many of us noticed that many of
today’s kids cannot do the math without a
calculator like many of us older people. Many
also can’t read, talk or write as well either. Not
all, but a lot more than before. I get comments
every day about this problem. We used to be
among the best in high school education four
decades ago. We are now 34th in math in the
world. Our children have been dumped down for
decades by an antiquated education system, that
tracks neither the money spent per school, nor
the educational results that they accomplish for
our tax money, per month or quarter.

12. • overcrowded classrooms
• Lack of helping the students to understand
and use everyday technology which is
essential in our current environment .

13. • The examination system in Egypt depends
only on the students ability to memorize in
any subject and not to develop their own of
thinking , develop more mental abilities and
modern ways of problem solving .
• Egyptian schools does not qualify their
students into working as team and exceeding
the students presentation skills .

14. Done by :
Asser El kady
Hesham Hossam
Hossam El din Mohamed
Abdelrahman Mostafa zaki
Khaled Hamdy El marakeby

15. Thank you for your
attention