Educational technology has its roots in early human innovations like pictographs and expanded with developments like illustrated textbooks. In the modern era, technologies like film, radio, and computers have increasingly been applied to education. Educational technology aims to facilitate learning through appropriate use of resources and technology, grounded in educational theory. It has progressed from early manual technologies to today's digital tools that put interactive content at students' and teachers' fingertips.

1. EDUCATIONAL
TECHNOLOGY

2. Introduction
As defined by the AECT (Association for
Educational Communications and
Technology – Educational Technology is
the ethical practice of facilitating
learning and improving performances by
creating, using and managing
appropriate technology and resources.
“Edtech”- refers to the use of both
physical hardware and educational
theoretics – it encompasses several
domains, including learning theories and
ICT .

3. History of “ Educational
Technology”
• The history of “ educational technology
can be traced back to the time when tribal
priests systemized bodies of knowledge,
and early culture invented pictographs or
sign writing to record and transmit
information.”
Paul Saettler, 1990)

4. Pictographs

5. Ancient pictographs on arock wall

6. Scholastic Education
• Educational Technology During the Middle
Age Advent of Scholastic Philosophy,
Pierre Abelard introduced a technology of
instruction which was really a new method
of structuring and presenting materials
that helped set the style of scholastic
education.

7. Scholasticism

8. Illustrated Textbooks
• Educational Technology Comenius, Pestalozzi,
Froebel, Herbert and Montessori contributed
their own concept on educational technology
improving educative process .
• John Amos Comenius was recognized as the
pioneer of modern instructional technology by
reason of his book Orbis Pictus (The World in
Picture) which was illustrated textbooks for
children studying Latin & Sciences.

9. Orbis Pictus

10. Scientific method of instruction
• Educational Technology Edward Thorndike and
John Dewey formulated scientific theory of
learning and the scientific method, respectively.
• Thorndike gave emphasis to the use of empirical
(verifiable by observation or experience )
investigation as a basis for an organized process
of learning.
• On his part, Dewey introduced a method of
instruction in terms scientific method in broad
terms

12. Visual Instruction
• The 19th century paved in the advent of
effective technological development
including the production of textbooks, use
of blackboards and improvements in
writing implements like pen and ink.
Photography was invented, giving a way
to a movement called “ Visual Instruction
”.

14. Audio-visual media
• By 1920, visual media became widely
accepted.
• Then came the publication of audio-visual
media texts.
• In 1926, educational films were used as
instructional media. In 1927, Pressey
wrote on programmed learning through a
machine which tested and confirm a
learning task.

15. The motion picture in the classroom

16. Computers
• One of the earliest
machines designed to
assist people in
calculations was
the abacus which is
still being used some
5000 years after its
invention.

17. • The progression in hardware
representation of a bit of data:
– Vacuum Tubes (1950s) - one bit on the size
of a thumb;
– Transistors (1950s and 1960s) - one bit on
the size of a fingernail;
– Integrated Circuits (1960s and 70s) -
thousands of bits on the size of a hand
– Silicon computer chips (1970s and on) -
millions of bits on the size of a finger nail.

18. • The progression of the ease of use of
computers:
– Almost impossible to use except by very
patient geniuses (1950s);
– Programmable by highly trained people only
(1960s and 1970s);
– Useable by just about anyone (1980s and on).

20. Smart Boards
• In1998, Smart Boards are introduced.

21. Discovery Education Streaming
• In 2005, Discovery Education Streaming
brings video to the classroom.

22. iPods Books
• In 2008, iPods revolutionize the way
education is delivered

23. Brief Overview of the History of
Educational Technology