The document discusses evidence-based medicine and summarizing key points about E. coli from a student. It raises issues about statistical significance not necessarily meaning results are true, and how flexibility in study design and financial interests can influence results. Large randomized controlled trials with simple designs, public funding, and effect sizes over 1.5 are recommended to provide more reliable evidence. Skepticism of results is encouraged.

6. Subscribers ~ 60,000 Canadian ~ 99% Physicians ~ 95% Users per month ~400,000 t per year ~ 2.5 to 3 million Canadian 30% Global non-Canadian 70% Physicians 30% Non-physicians 70%

7. Hi, i’m doing this project in school about The E Coli as an example of how water damages things … us. Can u send me info about E coli and what it is and how it came into the waters and stuff??? But not pages of stuff Just the important points. Thanks, Vanessa Send to fishy_000@….

9. Skepticism

10. Falsification Opacity Errors Sloppiness Incompetence Pyramid of Misleading evidence

13. Is a statistically significant result actually true?

14. Statistical Significance Truth p < 0.05 confidence interval >1 confirmation

16. Statistical Significance Truth p < 0.05 confidence interval >1 confirmation Research Result True Relationship Predictive value True False yes a c + no b d _

18. Effect size <2 mammography heart disease risk factors OR= ~ 15 + Effect size <1.5 most drugs being tested.

27. Research RCT Cohort Case control Meta analyses Reviews Systematic Narrative CME Self-learning Courses Detailing Advertising Size sample effect Simple design Public funding # studies/hypotheses hot fields False True $ Hierarchy of Evidence `

28. Probability that result is ‘true’ 1.0 0 # studies pieces of evidence High Low Quality

30. &quot;Honey, maybe it's time you got off those cholesterol drugs!&quot;

32. ... be neurotically skeptical Skepticism

33. Thank you