The document provides an overview of a lesson on comparing and contrasting 21st century literary genres with earlier genres/periods. It introduces key concepts like literary genre and discusses examples of genres from the 21st century like blogs, chick lit, flash fiction and science fiction. It also presents genres from the pre-colonial period like folk narratives, proverbs, riddles and songs. The lesson asks students to analyze samples of different genres including a coconut riddle, a graphic novel on a historical battle, and excerpts from novels and a lullaby. The goal is for students to understand the elements, structures and traditions of various literary genres over time.

1. 1
21st
Century Literature from
the Philippines and the World
Quarter 1 Module 2: Lesson 1
Literary Genres and Samples Produced in the 21st
Century and the Ones from the Earlier periods
21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
Quarter 1 Module 2: Lesson 1
MELC 2: Compare and contrast the various 21st century literary genres and the ones
from the earlier genres/periods citing their elements, structures and traditions.
Specific Objectives:
1. Identify the literary genres and samples produced in the 21st century and
the ones from the earlier periods.
2. Present a collection of literary genres and samples produced in the 21st
century and the ones from the earlier periods.
3. Appreciate the significance of the identified literary genres and samples by
highlighting its impact in literature.
4.
By now, you should have already mastered writing a close analysis and critical
interpretation of literary texts. As you study this module, you will be able to identify the
literary genres produced in the 21st century and the ones from the earlier period.
Through literary genres and samples, this module will bring you to the current
world of Philippine writing in the 21st century and will also take you back to the period
long before the Spaniards set foot on the Philippine island. Studying this module will
make you appreciate the origin and development of Philippine literature through
several generations.
As a student writer, your good knowledge of the literary genres and samples is
SHS
I. Introduction

2. 2
beneficial as it would help you in effectively establishing your connection with the
readers. As a reader, it would allow you to make sense of the materials that you are
reading.
At the end of your module journey, you should be able to:
1.) identify the literary genres and samples produced in the 21st century
and the ones from the earlier periods;
2.) present a collection of literary genres and samples produced in the 21st
century and the ones from the earlier periods;
3.) appreciate the significance of the identified literary genres and samples
by highlighting its impact in literature.
In order to achieve the above mentioned learning competencies, this module
will bring you to a fun-filled learning journey which includes challenging tasks like
creating your well-designed literary genre chart! So, brace yourself as you engage in
the different activities in this module. Learn and have fun as you explore 21st century
and pre-colonial literary genres and samples!
In order to experience a smooth-sailing journey, always make sure that you
have your pen and notebook with you! Are you ready for another exciting learning
adventure? Please open your module and let me welcome you, Literary Genres: A
journey to the 21st Century and the Earlier Periods!
Let us first test your prior knowledge about literary genres in the 21st
century and the earlier periods.
Activity 1Gear Up
A. Read each statement about literary genres in the 21st century and the earlier
periods. Write #true if the statement is correct and #false if the statement is wrong.
Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
1. Literary genres are anchored on the cultural orientation during the
period when the literature was produced.
2.Blog is a literary genre written during the pre-colonial period.
3.Words that are used in the 21st century are trendier than before.
4. Most of the novels in the 21st century are now sequels.
5.The target markets of 21st century novels are adults.
B. Determine the literary genre referred to in each statement. Choose the letter of the
correct answer from the list below. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper
a. Folk Narrative c. Riddles e.Chick Literature
b. Blog d. Flash Fiction
II. Pre-Test

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6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
You plan to write about an online journal on your latest
travel to a newly opened resort in Sorsogon City.
Your younger sister wants you to tell her a local story. You
chose to share the story about the origin of Mayon Volcano.
You prefer this type of literature because you are not fond of
reading or writing lengthy tales.
Your collection of books is mostly about womanhood.
You would like to organize a guessing game competition
that features the culture of your own community.
Let us check your score!
8 - 10 Wow! You’re a literature genius!
6 - 7 Not so bad!
1-5 Cheer up, it’s alright.
Congratulations! You have just completed the pre-test. Completing this task
makes you more than ready to proceed to the next part of this module.
This time you will do a quick review of what you have learned in the
previous module!
Activity 2 Retrospect
Match the name of the local authors to their written regional literatures. Write the
letter of your best answer in a separate sheet of paper.
Column A Column B
1. Melinda Bobis A. An Opon sa Ibalon Kan Mahale an Maskara
2. Emelina G. Regis B. Two Faces of the Forest
III. Lesson Proper

4. 4
3. Francisco Penones Jr. C. Daragang Magayon
4. Honesto Pesimo Jr. D. Maynila: Libro ng Pibya
5. Jaime Jesus Borlagdan E. Sa Ngaran ninAki
Hi there! Before you embark on the next level of your module journey, you
will be tasked to read a local tale about the legend of Juan Mancilla.
The Legend of Juan Mancilla
Narration by Azucena Grajo Uranza
One day in a village in the Malasimbo Mountain of Juban, Sorsogon, Valerio
found an egg in the palay. He excitedly told his wife who responded that they can have
the egg for their supper. His wife put the egg away in the trunk for safekeeping. The
couple forgot that they kept the egg in the trunk. After several months, the couple
heard a new-born baby crying. They discovered the baby in the trunk that was
obviously hatched from the egg. The couple thanked the Providence who made their
dream of a child come true. They named the girl Maria who grew up to be a very lovely
and good daughter. Looking so mysteriously beautiful, Mother Valerio would wonder
from what dimension Maria came.
A Spanish military officer named Mancilla, who looked so handsome and
soldierly, showed up in the village. His first meeting with Maria was magic. He
eventually wooed her until she became his wife. Temporarily, the young couple made
their home with the old parents of Maria. They had an infant son whom they named
Juan. Mancilla was chafing because of his exile in the mountain while Maria had also
become restless. One day, Maria decided to weave a shirt for her husband. She asked
her to promise not to talk to her while she was weaving, otherwise there will be dire
consequences. Though Mancilla was heavy-hearted, he made a solemn promise that
he would abide by Maria’ request.
While Maria was weaving the shirt, Mancilla would attempt to talk to her but
would end up sitting quietly watching her. One morning, unable to stand the silence
any longer, Mancilla pulled off all the feathers of a pullet and let the chicken loose in
front of Maria. Maria laughed when she found the sight. Her husband, relieved,
rejoiced over his success. Because they broke their vow, a pensive Maria sorrowfully
decided to go away. Mancilla was astounded but could do nothing. Maria told Mancilla
that if ever Juan cries and looks for her, he just needs to bring him to the back porch
and he will stop crying. Then she disappeared. True enough, Juan would stop crying
whenever Mancilla would take him to the back porch.
The baby, Juan Mancilla grew up to become as good looking as his parents.
He too joined the Spanish army and married a girl from town and had a baby son,
whom they named Juan. One day, Juan went to an inspection trip to the upland
villages. He was gone for days and did not return. A search was made for him but to
no avail. His orderly reported that he disappeared in the river. Juan’s wife could not
Study These

5. 5
believe the story and accused the orderly of murdering her husband. The hapless
orderly was thrown into jail. Mancilla appeared and instructed the commander to
release his orderly because no crime had been committed. The orderly was released
but Mancilla disappeared again and never returned.
It is said the Mancilla is not dead. He lives within the Malasimbo rain forest,
and there’s always someone willing to testify that he has seen the lieutenant. He has
become ancient, curled up in his old age, sitting in his favourite basket with a coconut
shell for a walking cane – a benign old man dispensing knowledge and advise to
whoever would wish only well of his fellowmen, giving shelter and protection to the
unjustly victimize, and healing human illness and broken hearts.
Thank you for reading! The local tale that you have just read is an example
of a folk narrative, more specifically known as a legend.
Activity 4 Draw Up
Let us do a comprehension check!
1. What makes the literary selection you have read a legend?
2. In what period do you think the legend was written? How did you find out?
3. Compare and contrast the “Legend of Juan Mancilla” to other legends you
have read before.
Good job for answering the comprehension check! Keep going!
To equip you with more ideas about the various literary genres from
different era in this module journey, you need to understand the following key
terms so that you will not be lost as you traverse the 21st century and earlier
periods.
Read the explanations carefully and answer the questions in the
succeeding activity.
What is a literary genre?
✓ It is a category of literary composition.
✓ Genres may be determined by literary technique, tone, content, or even (as in
the case of fiction) length.

6. 6
✓ They are defined by the general cultural movement of the historical period in
which they were composed.
✓ Genre should not be confused with age categories, by which literature may be
classified as either adult, young-adult, or children's. They also must not be
confused with format, such as graphic novel or picture book.
What is 21st century literature?
✓ All literary works written and published at the latter part of the 21st century (from
2001 onwards).
✓ These works are often characterized as gender sensitive, technologically
alluding, culturally pluralistic, operates on the extreme reality or extreme fiction,
and questions conventions and supposedly absolute norms.
What is referred to as the earlier period?
✓ This period is referred to as the pre-colonial period or the period long before the
Spaniards set foot on the Philippine islands.
✓ Most of ancient Philippine literature was really oral consisting of folk narratives,
riddles, proverbs, sayings, songs, ritual chants, and epics and was definitely
community-bound.
✓ The expressions sprang from the experience of the community and served its
needs from the transmission of beliefs, values, ideals, customs, to
entertainment. Many of these expressions still survive in our time, having been
handed down orally through generations.
Source: Estroga, Joseh, Pre-Spanish Period Literature and Mythology of the Philippines,
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/lhengacusan/21st-century-literary-genre
There are several literary genres and it would not be possible to capture
all of them in this module. Identifying and categorizing the most common literary
genres would however be a good starting point.
Ready yourself as you read and learn about the most common literary
genre in the 21st century and pre-colonial periods.
Literary
Genres
21ST CENTURY PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD
These are narratives of
sustained length based on oral
tradition, revolving around
supernatural events or heroic
deeds, in the form of verse which
is either chanted or sung with a
certain seriousness of purpose,
and embodying or validating the
beliefs, customs, ideals, or life
values of the
Characteristics
Epics
It is an online journal or
informational website displaying
information in the reverse
chronological order, with latest
posts appearing first. It is a
platform where a writer or even a
group of writers share their views
on an individual subject
Blog
Literary
Genres
Characteristics

7. 7
people.
Chik lit It is a fiction which addresses
issues of modern womanhood,
often humorously or
lightheartedly, It typically
features a female protagonist
whose womanhood is heavily
thematized in the plot.
Folk
narratives
These literatures were created to
explain why certain things
existed in their physical
environment. These come in the
form of origin myths, legends,
fables, tales of the supernatural,
and humorous accounts about
some trickster
Flash
fiction
It is a style of fictional literature of
extreme brevity. There is no
widely accepted definition of the
length of the category. It could
range from a word to a
thousand.
Proverbs These are terse statements of
practical wisdom based on long
experience and observations
about life.
Illustrated
novel
Generally, 50% of the narrative is
presented without words. The
reader must interpret the images
in order to comprehend the
complete story.
Riddles These attest to the wit and
ingenuity and the richness of the
imagination of ancient Filipinos.
Scifi It is a genre of speculative fiction
dealing with imaginative
concepts such as futuristic
science and technology, space
travel, faster than light travel,
parallel universe and
extraterrestrial life.
Songs These are of great variety,
expressive of a gamut of human
experiences and feelings. They
are used at almost every
occasion at work, at worship,
and at play accompanied with
musical instrument, mostly of
the percussive and stringed
varieties.
Source: Gacusan, Paulene, “21ST
Century Literary Genre”
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/lhengacusan/21st-century-literary-genre
Do you understand now the various literary genres from different periods
that you have discovered so far?
What other literary genres in the 21st century and pre-colonial periods you
are familiar with which are not cited in the discussion?
Given your knowledge of the literary genres in the 21st century and pre-
colonial periods, you are now ready to embark on the next level of this module
journey.

8. 8
Imagine yourself entering a 21st century library. The room is packed with
a myriad of books and reading materials. You joyfully hop from one shelf to
another until you chanced upon a mysterious white booklet. You pick it up and
started unsealing the cover and browsing the pages.
Your task this time is to read the literary samples and genres written in
the said booklet.
1. Lobi
Langit sa itaas, Sky overhead
Langit sa ibaba Sky underneath
Tubi sa tunga Water in the middle
- Lobi - coconut
http://www.tagalogwithkirby.com/mga-bugtong-riddles.html
2. Maktan 1521
Written and illustrated by Tepal Pascual
The comic book centers on the events that led to the
fateful battle between Datu Lapu-Lapu and the explorer
Ferdinand Magellan on the island of Mactan in 1521.
It’s an excellent read for history buffs, as well as those
looking to understand the roots of the country we call
our own.
Source: Tepal Pascual, Maktan 1521,
https://booktopia.live/show/book/23586993/maktan-
1521/12102945/15cd1578/73c41050ce81584/
3. Latundan
An latundan dai masaha ki bunguran.
[A banana of the latundan variety
will not bring forth fruit of the bunguran variety.]
Source: Uranza, Azucena Grajo (2007),”The Ethnography of the Riddle,” Uranza, Azuena Grajo
(2007), “The Legend of Juan Mancilla, Sarabijon: A Journal of Sorsogon Studies, Sorsogon
Heritage Society: Sorsogon City Philippines.p. 80
Enrichment Activities

9. 9
4. Once Upon a Player
Agay Llanera
Gorgeous college senior Val Fabian is a player in every
sense of the word. She’s the star of her university’s volleyball
team, and she never runs out of dates. But it seems that this
year, she has finally been bitten by the commitment bug. She
sets her sights on an unexpected target – the unassuming yet
ultra-cute Jake Clementia. Val is used to getting what she
wants, and is sure she’ll snag him before graduation. But in the
process of winning his heart, she is sideswiped by a surprise
move that sends her tumbling from her pedestal.
Source: Agay Llanera, Once Upon a Player,
https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/22892370onc
eupon-a-player
5. A Hiligaynon lullaby
Ili, ili, tulog anay
Wala diri imong nanay
Kadto tienda, bakal papay,
Ili-ili, tulog anay.
[Little one, little one, go to sleep,
Your mother is not here.
She went to the store to buy food,
Little one, little one go to sleep.]
Source: Smule, Ili-ili Tulog Anay, https://images.app.goo.gl/8hLjuDGMsuUsEs8z7
6. Secretly TELEKINETIC
UNKNOWNnimousXD
Meet Micca Ella Collins, isang ordinaryong teenager na
currently nasa ika-apat na taon ng high school, pero
hindi tulad ng ibang estudyante, malungkot and high
school life niya, biktima siya ng karahasan na kadalasan
nangyayari sa mga paaralan, BULLYING,
Paano kaya kung isang araw, malaman niyang mayroon
siyang secret abilities na tinatawag na telekinesis?
Gagamitin ba niya sa tama ang kanyang kapangyarihan
o paghihigantihan niya ang lahat ng nanakit sa kanya?
telekinetic
Source: UNKNOWNnimousXD, Secretly Telekinetic,
https://www.wattpad.com/story/36027968-secretly-

10. 10
7I think you are now ready to identify the era when each literary sample was written, Good
luck!
Activity 5 Jot Down
Given your knowledge about the literary genres and their characteristics,
you should be able to demonstrate mastery in categorizing the literary samples
according to their genre types and the period when the samples were produced.
The first one is done for you. Grab your pen and notebook!
Title
of the Literary
Sample
Period Literary Genre Justify your answer
Lobi Pre-
colonial
Riddle A person needs to think
profoundly in order to give a
correct answer.
Maktan 1521 1. 2. 3.
Latundan 4. 5. 6.
Once Upon a
Player
7. 8. 9.
A Hiligaynon
Lullaby
10. 11. 12.
Secretly
TELEKINETIC
13. 14. 15.
So, how did you fare in activity 4?
17 –18 Excellent job!
15- 16 Very satisfactory!
11 – 14 Fairly Satisfactory
1 – 10 Study harder please!
The journey is far from over! To keep things going, you will have to
continue reading the remaining two literary samples from that mysterious white
booklet. Keep going!
Biag Ni-Lam-Ang
Leopoldo Yabes
Don Juan and his wife Namongan lived in
Nalbuan, now part of La Union in the northern part of
the Philippines. They had a son named Lam-ang.
Before Lam-ang was born, Don Juan went to the
mountains in order to punish a group of their Igorot
enemies. While he was away, his son Lam-ang was
born. It took four people to help Namongan give birth.
As soon as the baby boy, popped out, he spoke and
asked that he be given the name Lam-an. He also
chose his godparents and asked where his father
was.

11. 12
After nine months of waiting for his father to return, Lam-ang decided he would
go look for him. Namongan thought Lam-ang was up to the challenge but she was sad
to let him go.
During his exhausting journey, he decided to rest for a while. He fell asleep and
had a dream about his father’s head being stuck on a pole by the Igorot. Lam- ang
was furious when learned what had happened to his father. He rushed to their village
and killed them all, except for one whom he let go so that he could tell other people
about Lam-ang’s greatness.
Upon returning to Nalbuan in triump, he was bathey by women in the
Amburayan river. All the fish died because of the dirt and odor from Lam-ang’s body.
There was a young woman named Ines Kannoyan whom Lam-ang wanted to woo.
She lived in Calanutian and he brought along his white rooster and gray dog to visit
her. On the way, Lam-ang met his enemy Sumarang, another suitor of Ines whom he
fought and readily defeated.
Lam-ang found the house of Ines surrounded by many suitors all of whom
were trying to catch his attention. He had his rooster crow, which caused a nearby
house to fall. This made Ines look out. He had his dog bark and in an instant the
fallen house rose up again. The girl’s parents witnessed this and called for him. The
rooster expressed the love of Lam-ang. The parents agreed to a marriage with their
daughter if Lam-ang would give them a dowry valued at double their wealth. Lam-
ang had no problem fulfilling this condition and he and Ines were married.
It was a tradition to have a newly married man swim in the river for the rarang
fish. Unfortunately, Lam-ang dove straight into the mouth of the water monster
Berkakan. Ines had Marco get his bones, which he covered with a piece of cloth. His
rooster crowed and his dog barked and slowly the bones started to move. Back alive,
Lam-ang and his wife lived happily ever after with his white rooster and gray dog.
Source: FFE PKM Staff, Philippine Superhero Series: Lam-ang, FFEmagazine.com,
https://images.app.goo.gl/29e6eHUPYehNLeZm6
Cotton Candy
Zorlone
“One more, please?” Pedro cried out a prayer. He
counted the small change he got from yesterday’s
earnings. He still needed to meet his daily quota of
cotton candy sales before he could start making
any profits for the day.
The gloom on his face being frightened and he
couldn’t help a smile broaden when two
beautifully dressed girls approached him.
“Manong, can we get two cotton candies please?”
the girl in a blue dress asked.
“Yes, of course, iha,” he replied.
“Teresa! Come inside the van, we’re about to
leave,” a man’s voice shouted.
“Ah, sorry Manong. Time to go,” she apologized.
“I’ll come back next week.”

12. 13
The smile on Pedro’s face melted as he nodded hopefully at the girl.
Then, a lady carrying a baby from his side asked for half a dozen pieces.
“Thank you,” Pedro graciously whispered.
Source: Zorlone, Cotton Candy, https://www.140flashfiction.com/2012/03/cotton-
candy/https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
Activity 6 Weigh Up
Did you like what you read? How do you distinguish a 21st century
literature from the ones written during the pre-colonial period?
It is clear that the inspiration of 21st century and pre-colonial literatures is
about life. While 21st century literature is widely used now, literatures in the pre-
colonial period are evidently used until now.
Do you still have your pen and notebook handy? Using a Venn diagram,
compare and contrast the characteristics of the two literary pieces from 21st
century and pre-colonial period.
Complete the chart below by describing the distinguishing the characteristics of the
two literary samples.
Way to go for accomplishing Venn diagram! You are now more than
equipped in identifying the distinguishing characteristics of 21st century
literature from the ones written during the pre-colonial period.

13. 14
Awesome job! You are almost done with your module journey! This
assessment activity will test how much you have learned about literary genres
produced in the 21st century and pre-colonial periods!
Classify the following statements as GENUINE or FAKE. Write GENUINE if the
statement is right and FAKE if it is wrong. If the statement is FAKE, identify the word/s
that make/s the statement wrong. Write your answer in a separate sheet of paper.
1. The term “ultra-cute” is a term used in pre-colonial literatures.
2. Similar to 21st century literatures, pre-colonial literatures are also made into
movies.
3. Pre-colonial literatures are written for the reading pleasure of adults.
4. The cultural orientation at the time the literatures were produced hardly influence
the composition of literary genres.
5. Technology is not essential in producing 21st centuryliteratures.
Determine the literary genre referred to in statement. Write the letter of the correct
answer in a separate sheet of paper.
6. Your interest is more on expressing your story through colorful images. Which
literary genre should you use?
a. Scifi b. Flash fiction c. Illustrated novel d. Chick lit
7. Your teacher asked you to read and critique a story about the journey in the
space of a 21st century kid. What is the literary genre of the story?
a. Blog b. Flash Fiction c. Chick Lit d. Scifi
8. Your grandmother always shares her wise sayings about life. What is her favorite
genre?
a. Riddles b. Proverb c. Epic d. Folk Narrative
9. You would like to present a role play on the heroism of female teachers during
the pandemic. What genre is most applicable?
a. Epic b. Folk Narrative c. Illustrated Novel d. Chick lit
10. You simply enjoy expressing yourself by vocalizing and playing the guitar. Which
genre are you most fond of?
a. Songs b. Epic c. Proverbs d. Riddles .
IV. Assessment

14. 15
CONGRATULATIONS, 21ST CENTURY LEARNER, YOU MADE IT!
Answer Key
Activity 1
Activity 2
1. c 2. b 3. a 4. e 5. d
Activity 3
1. a 2. b 3. c 4. b 5. a
Activity 4
1. It is a genre because it a category or classification of written literatures.
2. It was written during the earlier period as shown in the setting of the story.
3. It explains the creation of the mysterious old man Juan Mancilla.
Activity 5
Title of the
Literary
Sample
Period Literary
Genre
Justify your answer
Lobi 1. Pre-colonial 2. Riddle 3.
Maktan 1521 4.21st century 5. Illustrated
Novel
6. The cover of the comic book is a
visual illustration of the novel.
Latundan 7. Pre-colonial 8. Proverb 9. It is a brief saying the reality of
life.
1. # true 2. #false 3. #true 4. # true 5. # false
6. blog 7. Folk
narrative/
legend
8. flash fiction 9. Chick Lit Riddle

15. 16
Once Upon a
Player
10.21st century 11. Chick lit 12. The story is all about a lady
volleyball player.
A Hiligaynon
Lullaby
13.
colonial
pre- 14. Song 15. It is a very popular lullaby song
until now, sang by mothers to put
their babies to sleep.
Secretly
TELEKINETIC
16.
century
21st 17. Scifi 18. The word “telekinetic” gives a
hint that it’s about science fiction.
DepEd
Tambayan
19.
century
21st 20. Blog 21. It instructs the readers to like
their Facebook page for updates.
Activity 6
Period Title and Literary Genre Distinguishing characteristics
21st century Cotton Candy/ Flash
Fiction
The story is presented and captured using
very few words. It’s subject, cotton candy,
signifies the time that it was written
the21st century.
Pre-colonial Biag-Ni Lam-ang/ Epic It features Biag-Ni Lam-ang as a
supernatural hero whose customs depict
the pre-colonial period.
Activity 7
1. Students may be more exposed to the literary genres in the 21st century but the
ones produced during the pre-colonial period are likely more familiar to them.
Folk narratives, epics, songs, proverbs and riddles have been taught at school
since they were in elementary.
2. Students may provide varied answers on the 21st century literary genres they
have read. Let them share their reading experiences.
3. Students may provide varied answers on the pre-colonial literary genres that
they are most fond of. Let them share their answers.
Activity 8
1. Students may provide varied answers on their learning abilities and
difficulties. Let them share their answers.
2. The ability of the students in identifying literary genres would help them
decide in appropriately choosing their reading preferences.
Activity 9
The literary genre chart of the students will be rated using the scoring rubric.
Activity 10
1. The students may use their knowledge on literary genres in developing their
interest/ love for reading. The pandemic requires them to stay at home and
learning how to choose their preferred literature would greatly help them in their
reading experience.
2. The students may share varied answers based on their reading interests.

16. 17
3. Literary genres produced in the 21st century and pre-colonial period provide a
vivid picture of the origin and development of Philippine literature through
several generations
Test Yourself
1. FAKE, used 2. GENUINE 3. FAKE,
everyone
4. FAKE,
hardly
5. GENUINE
6. c 7. d 8. b 9. d 10. a
Activity 11
The survey presentation of the students will be rated using the scoring rubric.
Bibliography
Articles/Journals
Leopoldo Y. Yabes (1958), “The Ilocano Epic, A Critical Study of the Life of Lam-ang,
Philippine Social Sciences and Humanities Review XXII, PP. 283-287.
Uranza, Azucena Grajo (2007),”The Ethnography of the Riddle,” Uranza, Azuena Grajo
(2007), “The Legend of Juan Mancilla, Sarabijon: A Journal of Sorsogon Studies, Sorsogon
Heritage Society: Sorsogon City Philippines.p. 80
Uranza, Azucena Grajo (2007), “The Legend of Juan Mancilla, Sarabijon: A Journal of
Sorsogon Studies, Sorsogon Heritage Society: Sorsogon City Philippines. P. 79 – 84.
Websites
Agay Llanera, Once Upon a Player, https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/22892370-
once-upon-a-player
DepEd Tambayan, DepEd Expects Fewer Enrollees Despite Longer Enrollment Period,
https://depedtambayan.org/deped-enrollees/
Estroga, Joseh, Pre-Spanish Period Literature and Mythology of the Philippines,
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/lhengacusan/21st-century-literary-genre
FFE PKM Staff, Philippine Superhero Series: Lam-ang, FFEmagazine.com,
https://images.app.goo.gl/29e6eHUPYehNLeZm6
FilipiKnow, 12 Surprising Facts You didn’t know about Pre-colonial Philippines,
https://images.app.goo.gl/HSmcCf5nGnKEr2ZK8
Gacusan, Paulene, “21ST
Century Literary Genre”
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/lhengacusan/21st-century-literary-genre
Source: Napa Valley College, Creating Grading Rubric Examples.
www.napavalley.edu.ph