Edge computing is a distributed computing model that processes data near where it is collected, such as by sensors, rather than on centralized servers. This involves edge servers that securely process real-time data on-site while connecting other devices to the network. IoT edge computing uses data processing at the network's edge to speed up IoT systems by processing raw data at close edge servers instead of sending it to remote servers, providing benefits like faster services, smoother experiences, and real-time on-site analytics while reducing traffic and costs.